Dual-polarization patch type antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-polarized patch type antenna, which comprises a radiation unit, a dummy unit, a grounding unit and a feed-in unit, wherein the dummy unit is stacked below the radiation unit; the grounding unit is stacked below the dummy unit and is used for providing a reference potential; and the feed-in unit is stacked below the grounding unit. The radiation unit comprises an insulating layer with a top surface and a bottom surface, a base structure which is stacked on the bottom surface and is made of a conductive material, and a resonance structure which is stacked on the top surface and is spaced from the base structure by a set distance. The resonance structure is provided with a central part and an annular part, wherein the central part is aligned with the basic structure along a projection range from the top surface to the bottom surface, and the annular part surrounds the central part. The feed-in unit comprises a substrate attached to the grounding unit and two feed-in lines which are formed on the outer side of the substrate in a mutually perpendicular mode and used for feeding in signals. Therefore, the dual-polarized patch antenna can be applied to a beam forming system under the condition that the number of stacked layers of the structure is relatively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an antenna, in particular to a dual-polarization patch antenna. Background Art

[0002] Microstrip patch antennas are mainly formed by forming a thin sheet-shaped conductor structure on a substrate, and by changing the geometric shape of the conductor structure, it is adjusted according to the requirements of resonance, bandwidth, gain, etc., so that the manufactured microstrip patch antenna can meet the required specifications of the product. Among them, microstrip patch antennas are not only low in manufacturing cost and conducive to mass production, but also have the advantages of light weight and small size, and are often used in consumer electronics such as mobile phones, tablets, and even smart watches.

[0003] However, in order to cope with the trend of today's fast and booming consumer electronics industry, miniaturization and thinning of various parts as much as possible has become the mainstream requirement of the science. Therefore, how to achieve specifications such as directivity, resonance, speed, bandwidth, etc. through simpler structural adjustments under the premise of further miniaturization and thinning of antennas has become the key to breakthroughs that antenna technology practitioners are eager to make. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a dual-polarized patch antenna that can meet the required bandwidth specifications and take into account the need for further thinning.

[0005] The dual-polarized patch antenna of the present invention comprises a radiation unit, at least one dummy unit stacked below the radiation unit, a grounding unit stacked below the at least one dummy unit and used for providing a reference potential, and a feeding unit stacked below the grounding unit.

[0006] The radiation unit includes an insulating layer having a top surface and a bottom surface located on the opposite side of the top surface, a base structure stacked on the bottom surface of the insulating layer and made of a conductive material, and a resonance structure stacked on the top surface of the insulating layer and made of a conductive material and spaced apart from the base structure by a set distance. The resonance structure includes a central portion aligned with the base structure along a projection range from the top surface of the insulating layer toward the bottom surface, and an annular portion surrounding the periphery of the central portion.

[0007] The feeding unit includes a substrate attached to the grounding unit, two feeding lines formed substantially perpendicularly to each other on the lower side of the substrate and used for feeding signals, and two conductive members respectively connected between the feeding lines and the basic structure.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures.

[0009] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarized patch antenna, the annular portion of the resonance structure of the radiation unit has a plurality of cut-off grooves spaced apart from each other, and the ratio of the radial distance between the central portion of the resonance structure and the annular portion to the width of each of the cut-off grooves of the annular portion is greater than Wherein, Dk is the dielectric constant of the insulating layer.

[0010] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarization patch antenna, the annular portion of the resonant structure has four cutting grooves and is divided into four sections by the cutting grooves.

[0011] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarization patch antenna, the basic structure of the radiation unit is circular, and the central portion of the resonance structure is also circular.

[0012] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarized patch antenna, the central portion of the resonant structure is the antenna radiation area, so that the frequency band of the dual-polarized patch antenna is between 26 GHz and 30 GHz.

[0013] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarization patch antenna, the width of the cutting slot of the resonant structure is 0.045λ to 0.050λ.

[0014] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarized patch antenna, wherein each of the loop portions of the resonant structure has a width of 0.030λ to 0.040λ and a length of 0.40λ to 0.50λ.

[0015] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarization patch antenna, the insulating layer of the radiation unit is made of liquid crystal polymer material LCP.

[0016] Preferably, in the aforementioned dual-polarization patch antenna, the basic structure and the resonance structure of the radiation unit are made of metal material.

[0017] Preferably, the aforementioned dual-polarization patch antenna, wherein the dual-polarization patch antenna comprises two of the dummy units.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that in response to the demand for faster speed and wider bandwidth in communication, the radiating unit increases the resonant mode through the basic structure and the resonant structure, and uses the annular portion to increase the resonant mode. As long as the feeding is completed by coupling through the feeding line, the dual-polarized patch antenna of the present invention can be applied to the beamforming system while relatively reducing the number of structural stacking layers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1is a perspective exploded view illustrating an embodiment of a dual-polarized patch antenna of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a top view illustrating a resonant structure of a radiation unit of the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 is a bottom view illustrating a feed-in unit of the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating the interconnection between the radiation unit and the feeding unit;

[0023] Figures 5 to 7 All are line graphs, showing the data performance during the actual operation of this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 All of them are simulation diagrams, respectively showing the radiation field patterns of this embodiment in two polarization directions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] See also Figure 1 , is an embodiment of the dual-polarized patch antenna of the present invention, the embodiment comprises a radiation unit 1, two dummy units 2 stacked under the radiation unit 1, a grounding unit 3 stacked under the dummy unit 2 and used to provide a reference potential, and a feeding unit 4 stacked under the grounding unit 3. Specifically, the embodiment is formed by stacking, and the thickness of each layer structure is less than 100 microns, thereby achieving the requirement of still presenting a micro-thin sheet after stacking. It should also be noted that this embodiment is in response to the 5G NR N257 frequency band and operates in combination with a beamforming system at a bandwidth of 3 GHz.

[0027] The radiation unit 1 includes an insulating layer 11 having a top surface 111 and a bottom surface 112 located on the opposite side of the top surface 111 and made of a liquid crystal polymer material, a base structure 12 stacked on the bottom surface 112 of the insulating layer 11 and made of a conductive material, and a base structure 12 stacked on the top surface 111 of the insulating layer 11 and made of a conductive material and spaced from the base structure 12 by a set distance Wd (see Figure 4) resonant structure 13. The insulating layer 11 is made of liquid crystal polymer material (LCP), so it can form a soft board, which has the advantage of being easier to manufacture and design with other components in subsequent processes. Among them, by appropriately adjusting the size of the set distance Wd to change the size of the parasitic capacitance between the two, the purpose of increasing the antenna operating bandwidth can be easily achieved. In this embodiment, the set distance Wd is specifically 200 microns, so that the requirements of this embodiment in the 5G NR N257 operating frequency band can be met.

[0028] The base structure 12 is made of metal and is circular, and the resonance structure 13 is also made of metal. Specifically, the base structure 12 and the resonance structure 13 are located on opposite sides of the insulation layer 11. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The resonant structure 13 has a central portion 131 and an annular portion 132 surrounding the central portion 131. The central portion 131 of the resonant structure 13 is aligned with the circular base structure 12 along a projection range from the top surface 111 of the insulating layer 11 toward the bottom surface 112. In other words, the central portion 131 of the resonant structure 13 is also circular and aligned with the base structure 12 along the stacking direction. The annular portion 132 has four cut-off grooves 136 spaced apart from each other. In the case where the annular portion 132 completely surrounds the central portion 131, the annular portion 132 is divided into four sections by the cut-off grooves 136.

[0029] In this embodiment, in the 28 GHz band, the diameter R of the central portion 131 is at least 0.5 times the wavelength of the resonance frequency (0.5λ), and the width of each of the annular portions 132 is specifically 0.034λ, and the length is 0.44λ, and the radial distance 138 between the central portion 131 and the annular portion 132 is preferably 0.024λ. The shape of the annular portion 132 of the resonance structure 13 can increase the resonance mode of the resonance structure 13 when it is in operation. The width of each of the annular portions 132 can be 0.030λ to 0.040λ, and the length can be 0.40λ to 0.50λ, which is not limited to this embodiment.

[0030] It should be supplemented that the annular portion 132 formed by the resonant structure 13 surrounds the outside of the central portion 131, and the central portion 131 is the main antenna radiation area. The annular portion 132 is cut through the design of the cutting groove 136. Specifically, the width 137 of the cutting groove 136 is set to 0.047λ between each section of the structure, and the width 137 and the distance 138 will produce parasitic capacitance. This can offset the parasitic inductance generated by the annular portion 132, making its imaginary reactance approach zero, so as to achieve good resonance conditions and further improve the radiation bandwidth of the antenna. Among them, Dk is the dielectric constant of the insulating layer 11, and the ratio of the distance 138 to the width 137 is greater than The width 137 of the cutting groove 136 may be 0.045λ to 0.050λ, which is not limited to this embodiment.

[0031] The two layers of dummy units 2 are preferably also made by forming a metal structure on a plate of liquid crystal polymer material. In order to match the frequency domain and bandwidth specifications required by this embodiment, the radiation unit 1 can be configured in response to the design required, so that the embodiment as a whole can present the required frequency domain and bandwidth. The dummy unit 2 is formed with two through holes 20 facing the base structure 12.

[0032] The grounding unit 3 is mainly used for grounding connection, thereby providing a grounding reference potential to match the main signal of the feeding unit 4 connected to the radiation unit 1. In addition, the grounding unit 3 is formed with two through holes 30 corresponding to the through holes 20 respectively.

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 The feeding unit 4 includes a substrate 41 attached to the grounding unit 3, and two feeding lines 42 formed perpendicularly to each other on the lower side of the substrate 41 and used for feeding signals. The feeding lines 42 are as follows Figure 4 The present invention is to connect the base structure 12 with two conductive members 39 through the through hole 30 and the through hole 20, respectively, so that the feed line 42 can be electrically connected to the base structure 12 through the conductive member 39, thereby feeding the signal into the radiation unit 1. The feed line 42 can feed the signal and respectively generate or receive signals with two different polarization directions. In this embodiment, the generation or reception of signals in the horizontal polarization direction and the vertical polarization direction is taken as an example. However, in actual implementation, as long as the polarizations of the feed line 42 are orthogonal to each other, for example, ±45 degree polarization directions can also be generated, and this is not a limitation.

[0034] It should be noted that the structure surrounding each of the feed lines 42 can be specifically regarded as an isolation structure for electromagnetic waves. The isolation structure can ensure that the feed lines 42 can be configured independently of each other, that is, the isolation is optimized so that the signal fed into one of the feed lines 42 will not enter the other feed line 42 and cause interference, thereby reducing the feed loss. Figure 7 From the measurement results, it can be seen that within the frequency band of 22.4 GHz to 30.1 GHz, the isolation between the feed lines 42 is less than -15 dB. Therefore, it can be seen from the presentation of the data that the feed lines 42 do have good isolation and can enable this embodiment to have a good directivity effect.

[0035] See also Figures 5 to 7 And cooperate Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present embodiment is a 0.5λ antenna. In actual operation, the base structure 12 will first resonate with the ground unit 3 to produce a first mode, and the base structure 12 will then resonate with the resonant structure 13 to produce a second mode with a larger bandwidth, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the present embodiment while also enabling the present embodiment to achieve the required bandwidth.

[0036] like Figure 5 The data presented here are the actual test results of the return loss S11 of this embodiment and the comparison with the simulation results. Figure 6 The data presented are the test data of the return loss S22, and are also compared with the simulation results. It can be seen that the frequency domain of the present embodiment that meets the -10dB standard is between 26.34GHz and 30.9GHz, which is not far from the simulated 26.5GHz to 30.14GHz, indicating that the present embodiment has good reproducibility and radiation performance.

[0037] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 And cooperate Figure 2 and Figure 3 This embodiment is a directional antenna, and the gain of this embodiment is about 6.23dB, and it can be expanded to an N*N array antenna to increase the gain, and can be applied to beamforming and Butler Matrix systems. In the beamforming system, there is an active IC that can directly adjust the antenna pattern so that the antenna pattern can be deflected; while the Butler Matrix system passively adjusts the phase by routing on the circuit, so that the antenna pattern is deflected. Figure 8 and Fig. 9It can be seen that this embodiment can present a complete antenna pattern when observed from various viewing angles (Top, Bot, 3D) in two polarization directions, and indeed has good performance based on requirements such as gain and bandwidth.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized patch antenna, characterized in that: The dual-polarized patch antenna comprises: A radiation unit, comprising an insulating layer having a top surface and a bottom surface located on the opposite side of the top surface, a base structure stacked on the bottom surface of the insulating layer and made of a conductive material, and a resonance structure stacked on the top surface of the insulating layer and made of a conductive material and spaced apart from the base structure by a set distance, wherein the resonance structure has a central portion aligned with the base structure along a projection range from the top surface of the insulating layer toward the bottom surface, and an annular portion surrounding the periphery of the central portion; At least one dummy unit, stacked and adjacent to the radiation unit; A grounding unit, stacked below the at least one dummy unit and used to provide a reference potential; and The feeding unit is stacked below the grounding unit and includes a substrate attached to the grounding unit, two feeding lines formed substantially perpendicular to each other on the lower side of the substrate and used for feeding signals, and two conductive members respectively connected between the feeding lines and the basic structure.

2. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular portion of the resonance structure of the radiation unit has a plurality of cut-off grooves spaced apart from each other, and the ratio of the radial distance between the central portion of the resonance structure and the annular portion to the width of each of the cut-off grooves of the annular portion is greater than Wherein, Dk is the dielectric constant of the insulating layer.

3. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular portion of the resonance structure has four cutting grooves and is divided into four sections by the cutting grooves.

4. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The basic structure of the radiation unit is circular, and the central part of the resonance structure is also circular.

5. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central part of the resonance structure is the antenna radiation area, so that the frequency band of the dual-polarization patch antenna is between 26 GHz and 30 GHz.

6. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the cutting groove of the resonance structure is 0.045λ to 0.050λ.

7. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the annular portions of the resonant structure has a width of 0.030λ to 0.040λ and a length of 0.40λ to 0.50λ.

8. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer of the radiation unit is made of liquid crystal polymer material LCP.

9. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic structure and the resonance structure of the radiation unit are made of metal material.

10. The dual-polarized patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarization patch antenna includes two dummy units.

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