High-performance high-power low-PIM connector for space navigation

Abstract

The high-performance high-power low-PIM connector comprises a shell, the two ends of the shell are provided with a threaded sleeve and a nut respectively, an inner conductor and a cable are arranged in the shell, and a first hollow insulator, a second hollow insulator and a third hollow insulator are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the inner conductor from left to right; a fourth hollow insulator and a pressing ring are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the cable from left to right; the fourth hollow insulator is provided with a split groove, the pressing ring is provided with an exhaust groove, the split groove is communicated with the exhaust groove, and the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator is provided with barbs used for grasping and fixing a cable. The fourth hollow insulator is provided with split grooves and barbs, stable grasping with the cable is achieved through the barbs, the situation that the cable shrinks due to long-term high and low temperature change to form a cavity is avoided, and the thermal failure and discharge phenomena caused by performance and power deterioration are avoided; the reliability of the connector and a cable medium connector is improved, and high-power and long-term stability in high and low temperature environments is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connectors, and in particular to a high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace. Background Art

[0002] Coaxial connectors are a type of microwave component, and are electromechanical components used to connect various microwave circuits. They can be used for the output and input ports of microwave instruments in aerospace equipment, and for the connection between various radio frequency modules. Coaxial connectors must meet impedance matching requirements during design and production, and must be able to meet the electrical and mechanical performance requirements of the transmission system.

[0003] With the rapid development of microwave communication systems, communication systems are developing towards higher power, wider frequency band, and higher sensitivity receivers. In the field of aerospace communication satellites and ground mobile communication pole base stations, due to the need for lightweight, the use of channel transceiver multiplexing mode in communication links has become a trend. Various nonlinear problems in RF circuits have become more intensified, and passive intermodulation interference is one of them, and it has become a serious obstacle to the development of communication systems. Passive intermodulation is caused by the inherent nonlinearity of passive components. Due to the existence of this nonlinearity, some frequency components different from the operating frequency will be generated in high-power, multi-channel systems, and they will enter the receiving system together with the operating frequency. When the input power increases, the intermodulation interference generated will become more serious. The passive intermodulation problem of ground communication systems has been studied early, and a large number of research results have been achieved. Due to the particularity of the aerospace environment, there are vacuum environments, long-term high and low temperature alternations, radiation, and long-term use that cannot be repaired or replaced. The comprehensive design of high-power reliability issues such as low intermodulation technical indicators, thermal breakdown, micro-discharge and radiation resistance has become an unavoidable problem. It is necessary to carry out research on technologies such as micro-contact uniformity control of RF electrical connectors, nonlinear passive intermodulation modeling, and high-power long-life design in order to increase the RF power of communication systems in aerospace application environments. The key issues such as passive intermodulation suppression of high-power RF transmission, high and low temperature resistance passive intermodulation stability, and low PIM process control of high-power RF connectors are solved to achieve passive intermodulation suppression under high-power transmission and form technical specifications for mass manufacturing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use.

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the above background technology, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use, comprising a shell, wherein two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a screw sleeve and a nut, an inner conductor and a cable are arranged in the shell, a first hollow insulator, a second hollow insulator and a third hollow insulator are arranged on the outer circumference of the inner conductor from left to right in sequence, and a fourth hollow insulator and a pressure ring are arranged on the outer circumference of the cable from left to right in sequence;

[0007] The fourth hollow insulator is provided with a plurality of split grooves, the pressure ring is provided with an exhaust groove, the split grooves are communicated with the exhaust grooves, and the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator is provided with a plurality of barbs, and the plurality of barbs are used to grasp and fix the cable.

[0008] Furthermore, the exhaust groove includes an annular exhaust groove and a radial exhaust groove. The annular exhaust groove is provided on the inner periphery of the pressure ring, and the radial exhaust groove is provided on the outer periphery of the pressure ring. The annular exhaust groove is connected to the radial exhaust groove, and the radial exhaust groove is connected to the splitting groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a fifth hollow insulator is provided between the fourth hollow insulator and the shell, the fourth hollow insulator is provided with a plug-in end A, the fifth hollow insulator is provided with a plug-in end B, and the plug-in end A and the plug-in end B are nestedly connected.

[0010] Furthermore, the screw sleeve is clamped with the shell through a clamping ring, and the shell is connected to the socket end through the screw sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the nut is provided with threads, the nut is inserted into the outer shell and is threadedly connected to the outer shell, and a bushing is provided at the connection between the inner periphery of the nut and the outer shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the cable includes a core wire, an insulating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the core wire, a shielding layer is provided on the outer periphery of the insulating layer, the core wire is connected to the inner conductor, the insulating layer is fixed by barbs provided on the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator, and the shielding layer is fixedly connected to the bushing by welding.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner conductor is provided with a core wire adapting hole, and the core wire is inserted into the core wire adapting hole and fixedly connected to the inner conductor.

[0014] Furthermore, the shell is also provided with an exhaust port A and an exhaust port B, and the exhaust port B is communicated with a radial exhaust groove provided on the pressure ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the first hollow insulator is provided with a plug-in terminal C and a plug-in terminal D, the plug-in terminal C is cooperatively connected with the socket end medium, the plug-in terminal D is nestedly connected with the plug-in terminal E provided on the second hollow insulator, the plug-in terminal F provided on the second hollow insulator is nestedly connected with the plug-in terminal J provided on the third hollow insulator, and the plug-in terminal H provided on the third hollow insulator is nestedly connected with the plug-in terminal A provided on the fourth hollow insulator.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner conductor, outer shell, pressure ring and bushing are all de-sharpened.

[0017] Furthermore, the bushing is provided with a step and a welding wire hole, the step is used to limit the cable shielding layer, and the welding wire hole is used to discharge the gas during welding.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] The insulator is a structure of multiple hollow insulators interlaced and nested with each other, which is easy to process and assemble, and improves the risk of micro-discharge caused by the inner conductor and the outer contact piece facing each other; the fourth hollow insulator is provided with a number of split grooves and barbs, which are nested with the insulation layer of the cable and can grip the insulation layer of the cable at the same time, forming a continuous and stable structure, effectively improving the cable dielectric shrinkage problem caused by long-term high and low temperature changes; the split groove can realize convenient installation, and at the same time serve as the cable thermal vacuum degassing exhaust channel; the screw sleeve and the shell are connected by a clamping ring, and the structure is used for thread locking during the plug and socket insertion process; a step-limited contact structure is adopted between the shell, pressure ring, bushing and nut, which is locked by the shell nut thread structure; the shell and pressure ring have a multi-channel exhaust design structure, which ensures the rapid discharge of the internal gas of the product and the gas released in the vacuum of the cable medium, effectively avoiding gas discharge and low-pressure discharge. The above design structure makes the product performance more stable and can be used with confidence in aerospace environment; the inner conductor, shell, pressure ring and bushing are all de-sharpened, and the surface de-sharpening design improves the problem of micro-discharge caused by the concentrated electric field intensity at the sharp corners of the two. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner conductor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first hollow insulator of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second hollow insulator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third hollow insulator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth hollow insulator of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth hollow insulator of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 The structure of the bushing of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Fig. 9 The structure of the bushing of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the housing of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nut of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screw sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamp ring of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure ring of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Inner conductor; 111. Core wire adapter hole; 2. First hollow insulator; 21. Plug-in terminal C; 22. Plug-in terminal D; 3. Second hollow insulator; 31. Plug-in terminal E; 32. Plug-in terminal F; 4. Third hollow insulator; 41. Plug-in terminal J; 42. Plug-in terminal H; 5. Fourth hollow insulator; 51. Splitting groove; 52. Barb; 53. Plug-in terminal A; 6. Fifth hollow insulator; 61. Plug-in terminal B; 7. Bushing; 71. Step; 72. Welding wire hole; 8. Shell; 81. Exhaust port A; 82. Exhaust port B; 9. Nut; 10. Screw sleeve; 11. Snap ring; 12. Press ring; 121. Annular exhaust groove; 122. Radial exhaust groove; 13. Cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] PIM stands for "passive intermodulation" and refers to the intermodulation products that occur when two or more signals are transmitted through a passive device with nonlinear characteristics.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 14As shown, a high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use comprises a shell 8, a screw sleeve 10 and a nut 9 are respectively provided at both ends of the shell, an inner conductor 1 and a cable 13 are provided in the shell 8, a first hollow insulator 2, a second hollow insulator 3 and a third hollow insulator 4 are provided on the outer periphery of the inner conductor 1 in sequence from left to right, and a fourth hollow insulator 5 and a pressure ring 12 are provided on the outer periphery of the cable 13 in sequence from left to right;

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the fourth hollow insulator 5 is provided with a plurality of split grooves 51 , the pressure ring 12 is provided with an exhaust groove, the split grooves 51 are connected with the exhaust grooves, and the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator 5 is provided with a plurality of barbs 52 , which are used to grasp and fix the cable 13 .

[0039] The fourth hollow insulator 5 is provided with a plurality of split grooves 51 and barbs, and a stable gripping structure with the cable 13 is achieved through the barbs 52, thereby preventing the cable 13 from shrinking and forming a cavity due to long-term high and low temperature, and avoiding thermal failure and discharge caused by performance and power deterioration; at the same time, the split grooves 51 can be used as exhaust channels for thermal release of the cable 13 in a high-power vacuum environment, thereby avoiding low-pressure discharge or micro-discharge caused by untimely release of gas, improving the reliability of the connector and the cable medium connector, and ensuring the stability of the medium structure in a high-power, long-term high and low temperature environment.

[0040] like Fig.14 As shown, the exhaust groove includes an annular exhaust groove 121 and a radial exhaust groove 122. The inner periphery of the pressure ring 12 is provided with an annular exhaust groove 121, and the outer periphery of the pressure ring 12 is provided with a radial exhaust groove 122. The annular exhaust groove 121 is connected to the radial exhaust groove 122, and the radial exhaust groove 122 is connected to the splitting groove 51.

[0041] The pressure ring 12 is provided with an annular exhaust groove 121 and a radial exhaust groove 122, and the annular exhaust groove 121 and the radial exhaust groove 122 are communicated with each other, and the radial exhaust groove 122 is communicated with the exhaust port B82 provided on the outer shell 8, so as to quickly discharge the internal gas of the connector and the medium release generated by the high-power heating of the cable medium in a vacuum and high-power environment, thereby avoiding low-pressure discharge and vacuum discharge.

[0042] A fifth hollow insulator 6 is provided between the fourth hollow insulator 5 and the housing 8. The fourth hollow insulator 5 is provided with a plug-in end A53. The fifth hollow insulator 6 is provided with a plug-in end B61. The plug-in end A53 is connected to the plug-in end B61 in a nested manner.

[0043] The screw sleeve 10 is clamped with the housing 8 through a clamping ring 11 , and the housing 8 is connected to the socket end through the screw sleeve 10 .

[0044] The outer periphery of the nut 9 is provided with threads, the nut 9 is inserted into the outer shell 8 and is threadedly connected with the outer shell 8 , and a bushing 7 is provided at the connection between the inner periphery of the nut 9 and the outer shell 8 .

[0045] The cable 13 includes a core wire, an insulating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the core wire, a shielding layer is provided on the outer periphery of the insulating layer, the core wire is connected to the inner conductor 1, the insulating layer is fixed by barbs 52 provided on the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator 5, and the shielding layer is fixed by a bushing 7.

[0046] The inner conductor 1 is provided with a core wire adapting hole 111 , and the core wire is inserted into the core wire adapting hole 111 and fixedly connected to the inner conductor 1 by soldering.

[0047] The housing 8 is also provided with an exhaust port A81 and an exhaust port B82, and the exhaust port B82 is connected to the radial exhaust groove 122 provided on the pressure ring 12. The third hollow insulator 4 is approximately in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and there is a gap between it and the housing 8, and the gap is connected to the exhaust port A81.

[0048] like Fig.10 As shown, the housing 8 is provided with an exhaust port A81 and an exhaust port B82, which can quickly exhaust the gas inside the connector and the medium outgassing caused by high-power heating of the cable medium in a vacuum and high-power environment, thereby avoiding low-pressure discharge and vacuum discharge.

[0049] The first hollow insulator 2 is provided with a plug-in terminal C21 and a plug-in terminal D22. The plug-in terminal C21 is matched with the socket end medium, the plug-in terminal D22 is nestedly connected with the plug-in terminal E31 provided on the second hollow insulator 3, the plug-in terminal F32 provided on the second hollow insulator 3 is nestedly connected with the plug-in terminal J41 provided on the third hollow insulator 4, and the plug-in terminal H42 provided on the third hollow insulator 4 is nestedly connected with the plug-in terminal A53 provided on the fourth hollow insulator 5.

[0050] The hollow insulators are interlaced and nested with each other; the hollow insulators not only support and fix the relative positions of the inner conductor 1 and the outer shell 8, but also avoid the air gap structure between the inner conductor 1 and the outer shell 8, effectively preventing the risk of micro-discharge; at the same time, the multiple and multi-material structure weakens the thermal expansion and contraction effect of a single medium, avoids conductor creep and cavity formation caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and avoids thermal failure and discharge caused by performance and power deterioration.

[0051] The inner conductor 1, the outer shell 8, the pressure ring 12, the nut 9 and the bushing 7 are all de-sharpened.

[0052] The inner conductor 1, the outer shell 8, the pressure ring 12 and the bushing 7 are all de-sharpened. The de-sharpened surface design improves the problem of micro-discharge caused by the concentrated electric field intensity at the sharp corners of the two. Fig.11 As shown, the nut 9 is designed with a de-sharpened corner to prevent concentrated stress from being generated at the sharp corner during the swinging process of the cable 13 and cutting the cable 13.

[0053] The bushing 7 is provided with a step 71 and a welding wire hole 72. The step 71 is used to limit the cable shielding layer, and the welding wire hole 72 is used to discharge the gas during welding.

[0054] The step 71 is used to limit the cable shielding layer when welding the bushing 7. After welding the bushing 7, the step 71 can also prevent the solder from flowing to the end face of the bushing during welding and causing solder accumulation on the end face, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the end face of the bushing, ensuring the reliability of contact, ensuring better PIM performance, and reducing the bushing end face tinning process; the welding wire hole 72 can ensure the fluidity of the solder and exhaust gas to ensure welding quality.

[0055] Performance test results of the present invention:

[0056] Working frequency: 0.01~11GHz;

[0057] VSWR: ≤1.1 (0.01~2GHz)

[0058] ≤1.3(2GHz~11GHz);

[0059] Insertion loss: ≤0.2dB (0.01~2GHz)

[0060] ≤0.25dB(2GHz~11GHz);

[0061] Insulation resistance: ≥5000MΩ (0.01:500V);

[0062] Dielectric withstand voltage: 1500V;

[0063] Micro discharge:

[0064] Air pressure: 6.65×10-3Pa;

[0065] Test temperature: room temperature;

[0066] Test frequency: 2GHz;

[0067] Power: Continuous wave 200W, +6dB pulse power, duty cycle 1%;

[0068] Third-order passive intermodulation: ≤-150dBc (@1GHz, -65℃~100℃; 2×100W); Plug-in life: ≥1000 times;

[0069] Radiation resistance: 100Mrad.

Claims

1. A high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (8), wherein two ends of the shell are provided with a screw sleeve (10) and a nut (9), an inner conductor (1) and a cable (13) are provided inside the shell (8), a first hollow insulator (2), a second hollow insulator (3) and a third hollow insulator (4) are provided on the outer periphery of the inner conductor (1) in sequence from left to right, and a fourth hollow insulator (5) and a pressure ring (12) are provided on the outer periphery of the cable (13) in sequence from left to right; The fourth hollow insulator (5) is provided with a plurality of splitting grooves (51), the pressure ring (12) is provided with an exhaust groove, the splitting grooves (51) are communicated with the exhaust grooves, and the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator (5) is provided with a plurality of barbs (52), and the plurality of barbs (52) are used to grasp and fix the cable (13).

2. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust groove comprises an annular exhaust groove (121) and a radial exhaust groove (122); the inner circumference of the pressure ring (12) is provided with the annular exhaust groove (121); the outer circumference of the pressure ring (12) is provided with the radial exhaust groove (122); the annular exhaust groove (121) is communicated with the radial exhaust groove (122); and the radial exhaust groove (122) is communicated with the splitting groove (51).

3. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fifth hollow insulator (6) is provided between the fourth hollow insulator (5) and the outer shell (8); the fourth hollow insulator (5) is provided with a plug-in end A (53); the fifth hollow insulator (6) is provided with a plug-in end B (61); the plug-in end A (53) and the plug-in end B (61) are connected in a nested manner.

4. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screw sleeve (10) is clamped with the housing (8) via a clamping ring (11), and the housing (8) is connected to the socket end via the screw sleeve (10).

5. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the nut (9) is provided with threads. The nut (9) is inserted into the outer shell (8) and is threadedly connected to the outer shell (8). A bushing (7) is provided at the connection between the inner periphery of the nut (9) and the outer shell (8).

6. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cable (13) comprises a core wire, an insulating layer is provided on the outer periphery of the core wire, a shielding layer is provided on the outer periphery of the insulating layer, the core wire is connected to the inner conductor (1), the insulating layer is fixed by barbs (52) provided on the inner wall of the fourth hollow insulator (5), and the shielding layer is fixedly connected to the bushing (7) by welding.

7. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner conductor (1) is provided with a core wire adapting hole (111), and the core wire is inserted into the core wire adapting hole (111) and fixedly connected to the inner conductor (1).

8. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (8) is also provided with an exhaust port A (81) and an exhaust port B (82), and the exhaust port B (82) is communicated with a radial exhaust groove (122) provided on the pressure ring (12).

9. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hollow insulator (2) is provided with a plug-in end C (21) and a plug-in end D (22), the plug-in end C (21) being matingly connected to the socket end medium, the plug-in end D (22) being nestedly connected to a plug-in end E (31) provided on the second hollow insulator (3), the plug-in end F (32) provided on the second hollow insulator (3) being nestedly connected to a plug-in end J (41) provided on the third hollow insulator (4), and the plug-in end H (42) provided on the third hollow insulator (4) being nestedly connected to a plug-in end A (53) provided on the fourth hollow insulator (5).

10. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner conductor (1), the outer shell (8), the pressure ring (12) and the bushing (7) are all de-sharpened.

11. The high-performance, high-power, low-PIM connector for aerospace use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bushing (7) is provided with a step (71) and a welding wire hole (72); the step (71) is used to limit the position of the cable shielding layer, and the welding wire hole (72) is used to discharge gas during welding.

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