Control method of motorcycle switch type voltage regulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a motorcycle switch type voltage regulator, the motorcycle switch type voltage regulator comprises a three-phase full-bridge half-control circuit, an 8-bit PIC single-chip microcomputer and a level conversion circuit, the input of the voltage regulator is a three-phase alternating current generated by a magneto, and the output of the voltage regulator is a stable direct current; a thyristor is arranged in the three-phase full-bridge half-control circuit; in order to reduce the program operation time of the single chip microcomputer and improve the electric frequency range of normal work of the voltage regulator, the control strategy adopts sampling control aiming at the maximum and minimum voltage values of the battery voltage, and compared with a voltage average value or voltage effective value control mode, the mode does not need to calculate the voltage average value or the voltage effective value, so that the cost is reduced. The calculation time of the single-chip microcomputer is greatly reduced, the single-chip microcomputer has more time for voltage sampling in a period, the response speed is higher, and the output voltage can be stabilized when the frequency of the three-phase input voltage is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a field, and in particular to a control method for a motorcycle switching voltage regulator. Background Art

[0002] The motorcycle switching voltage regulator is an important component on the motorcycle. Its main function is to rectify the alternating current generated by the magnetic motor into direct current, and then charge the battery after voltage stabilization and provide it for use by other electrical equipment.

[0003] Its working principle is to control the on and off of the circuit by switching to stabilize the output voltage. Compared with the traditional short-circuit voltage regulator, the switching voltage regulator has some obvious advantages. For example, it will not allow the short-circuit switch element inside the voltage regulator to be in full-load working state for a long time, thereby reducing heat, reducing the aging rate of electronic components, and extending the service life of the voltage regulator; it will not cause the permanent magnet of the magneto to demagnetize or even burn out the coil due to long-term short-circuit heating, which is conducive to extending the life of the magneto; the specific circuit and control method of the switching voltage regulator may be different. For example, one control method is to turn on or off the MOS tube accordingly according to the positive and negative half-waves of the AC voltage of each phase of the magneto, thereby realizing the switching control of the main circuit.

[0004] The motorcycle switching voltage regulator with 8-bit PIC microcontroller as the main control combines the high performance and precise control capability of PIC microcontroller to achieve a more optimized voltage regulation function. PIC microcontroller has the advantages of simple instructions, fast execution speed and low power consumption. In the motorcycle switching voltage regulator, it can monitor the AC voltage output by the magneto in real time, and quickly process and judge it through internal algorithms and programs. This voltage regulator uses the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) function of the PIC microcontroller to accurately collect the size and change of the input voltage. Then, according to the preset control strategy and algorithm, the microcontroller outputs the corresponding control signal to control the on and off time of the switching element (such as MOSFET or IGBT), thereby achieving precise regulation and stabilization of the output voltage. Through the control of the 8-bit PIC microcontroller, the voltage regulator can better adapt to the voltage requirements of the motorcycle under different speeds and load conditions, effectively protect the battery and other electrical equipment, and improve the reliability and stability of the entire motorcycle electrical system.

[0005] However, due to the slow calculation speed of the 8-bit single-chip microcomputer, when the motorcycle engine speed changes rapidly, the voltage regulator may not be able to keep up with the voltage change in time, resulting in unstable output voltage. In order to reduce the single-chip microcomputer program calculation time and increase the electrical frequency range for normal operation of the voltage regulator, the present invention proposes a control method for a motorcycle switching voltage regulator to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to develop a control method for a motorcycle switching voltage regulator, the motorcycle switching voltage regulator includes a three-phase full-bridge half-controlled circuit, an 8-bit PIC single-chip microcomputer and a level conversion circuit, the input of the voltage regulator is a three-phase alternating current generated by a magnetic motor, and the output is a stable direct current; the three-phase full-bridge half-controlled circuit is provided with a thyristor; the control method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. When the microcontroller collects the voltage falling edge from the level conversion circuit, the change in the conduction time of the thyristor is calculated;

[0008] S2. Calculate the thyristor on time and the thyristor delayed on time by the change in the thyristor on time;

[0009] S3. Clear the number of collected voltage data.

[0010] Further, in step s1, the AC voltage is converted into a 0V / 5V voltage to the single chip microcomputer through a level conversion circuit. When the phase voltage is >0V, the converted voltage is 5V, and when the phase voltage is <0V, the converted voltage is 0V. The falling edge is when the phase voltage changes from 5V to 0V.

[0011] Further, in step s1, the change in the conduction time of the thyristor Δt={(vv max )+(vv min )}*c; where v is the pre-trial target voltage; v max is the maximum voltage measured in the previous cycle; v min is the minimum voltage measured in the previous cycle; c is the coefficient, and c=kT / n; T is the voltage cycle, k is the proportion P for adjusting the control system PID, and n is a fixed value;

[0012] Further, in step s2, the thyristor on time ton = ton + δ t , ton is the total time required to turn on the thyristor, δ t is the time that needs to be increased or decreased obtained in this calculation;

[0013] Further, in step s2, the thyristor delays the conduction time t delay =t1-ton; the voltage cycle is T, and the duration of the forward voltage is t1=T / 2;

[0014] Furthermore, in step s1, if the single-chip microcomputer does not collect the falling edge of the phase voltage, the single-chip microcomputer reads the battery voltage v. When the battery voltage v is collected for the first time, the maximum voltage v max and minimum voltage v min The current voltage v is the same as the current voltage v. When it is not the first time to collect the battery voltage v, determine whether the current voltage is greater than the maximum voltage v. max, if so, the current voltage is the maximum voltage v max If not, determine whether the current voltage is less than the minimum voltage v min , if so, the current voltage is the minimum voltage v min .

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The present invention proposes a control method for a motorcycle switching voltage regulator, which adopts sampling control for the maximum and minimum voltage values ​​of the battery voltage. Compared with the voltage average value or voltage effective value control method, this method does not need to calculate the voltage average value or effective value, greatly reduces the calculation time of the single-chip computer, so that the single-chip computer has more time to sample the voltage within a cycle, and has a higher response speed, and can also stabilize the output voltage when the three-phase input voltage frequency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a motorcycle voltage regulator of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a control method of a motorcycle switching voltage regulator of this embodiment, wherein the motorcycle switching voltage regulator includes a three-phase full-bridge half-controlled circuit, an 8-bit PIC single-chip microcomputer and a level conversion circuit, the input of the voltage regulator is a three-phase alternating current generated by a magnetic motor, and the output is a stable direct current; the three-phase full-bridge half-controlled circuit is provided with a thyristor; the control method includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. When the microcontroller collects the voltage falling edge from the level conversion circuit, the change in the conduction time of the thyristor is calculated;

[0022] S2. Calculate the thyristor on time and the thyristor delayed on time by the change in the thyristor on time;

[0023] S3. Clear the number of collected voltage data.

[0024] In step s1, the AC voltage is converted into 0V / 5V voltage through the level conversion circuit and sent to the single chip microcomputer. When the phase voltage is >0V, the converted voltage is 5V, and when the phase voltage is <0V, the converted voltage is 0V. The falling edge is when the phase voltage changes from 5V to 0V.

[0025] In step s1, the change in the conduction time of the thyristor Δt={(vvmax )+(vv min )}*c; where v is the pre-trial target voltage; v max is the maximum voltage measured in the previous cycle; v min is the minimum voltage measured in the previous cycle; c is the coefficient, and c=kT / n; T is the voltage cycle, k is the proportion P for adjusting the control system PID, and n is a fixed value;

[0026] In step s2, the thyristor is turned on for a period of ton = ton + δ t , ton is the total time required to turn on the thyristor, δ t is the time that needs to be increased or decreased obtained in this calculation;

[0027] In step s2, the thyristor delays the conduction time t delay =t1-ton; the voltage cycle is T, and the duration of the forward voltage is t1=T / 2;

[0028] In step s1, if the single-chip microcomputer does not collect the falling edge of the phase voltage, the single-chip microcomputer reads the battery voltage v. When the battery voltage v is collected for the first time, the maximum voltage v max and minimum voltage v min The current voltage v is the same as the current voltage v. When it is not the first time to collect the battery voltage v, determine whether the current voltage is greater than the maximum voltage v. max , if so, the current voltage is the maximum voltage v max If not, determine whether the current voltage is less than the minimum voltage v min , if so, the current voltage is the minimum voltage v min .

[0029] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a motorcycle switching voltage regulator, characterized in that: The motorcycle switch voltage regulator comprises a three-phase full-bridge half-controlled circuit, an 8-bit PIC single-chip computer and a level conversion circuit. The input of the voltage regulator is the three-phase alternating current generated by the magnetic motor, and the output is a stable direct current. The three-phase full-bridge half-controlled circuit is provided with a thyristor; The control method comprises the following steps: S1. When the microcontroller collects the voltage falling edge from the level conversion circuit, the change in the conduction time of the thyristor is calculated; S2. Calculate the thyristor on time and the thyristor delayed on time by the change in the thyristor on time; S3. Clear the number of collected voltage data.

2. The control method of a motorcycle switching voltage regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step s1, the AC voltage is converted into 0V / 5V voltage to the microcontroller through the level conversion circuit. When the phase voltage is >0V, the converted voltage is 5V, and when the phase voltage is <0V, the converted voltage is 0V. The falling edge is when the phase voltage changes from 5V to 0V.

3. The control method of a motorcycle switching voltage regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step s1, the change in the conduction time of the thyristor Δt={(vv max )+(vv min )}*c; where v is the pre-trial target voltage; v max is the maximum voltage measured in the previous cycle; v min is the minimum voltage measured in the previous cycle; c is the coefficient, and c=kT / n; T is the voltage cycle, k is the proportion P for adjusting the control system PID, and n is a fixed value.

4. The control method of a motorcycle switching voltage regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step s2, the thyristor is turned on for a period of ton = ton + δ t , ton is the total time required to turn on the thyristor, δ t It is the time that needs to be increased or decreased obtained in this calculation.

5. The control method of a motorcycle switching voltage regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step s2, the thyristor delays the conduction time t delay =t1-ton; the voltage period is T, and the duration of the forward voltage is t1=T / 2.

6. The control method of a motorcycle switching voltage regulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step s1, if the single-chip microcomputer does not collect the falling edge of the phase voltage, the single-chip microcomputer reads the battery voltage v. When the battery voltage v is collected for the first time, the maximum voltage v max and minimum voltage v min The current voltage v is the same as the current voltage v. When it is not the first time to collect the battery voltage v, determine whether the current voltage is greater than the maximum voltage v. max , if so, the current voltage is the maximum voltage v max If not, determine whether the current voltage is less than the minimum voltage v min , if so, the current voltage is the minimum voltage v min .

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