Method for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight, and belongs to the technical field of asparagus planting, the method starts from seed selection, the disease resistance of plants is one of the most effective and most economical measures in comprehensive prevention and treatment of crop diseases, and the method for preventing and treating asparagus stem blight insists on the principle of main prevention and comprehensive prevention and treatment. By treating the soil and controlling the asparagus stem blight in combination with the self condition, agricultural control, physical control and biological control are preferentially adopted, the control effect on the asparagus stem blight is 90% or above, and the yield of the asparagus can be increased by 20% or above. The scheme provided by the invention has a good prevention and treatment effect on the asparagus stem blight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of asparagus planting, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight. Background Art

[0002] Asparagus enjoys the reputation of "king of vegetables" in the international market. Asparagus is rich in various amino acids, proteins and vitamins, and their content is higher than that of ordinary fruits and vegetables. In particular, asparagine and trace elements selenium, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, etc. in asparagus can regulate the body's metabolism and enhance the body's immunity. It has a strong inhibitory effect and pharmacological effect in the prevention and treatment of hypertension, heart disease, leukemia, blood cancer, edema, cystitis, etc.

[0003] During the asparagus planting process, it is easy to be harmed by stem blight, which is also called "asparagus cancer". Once it gets stem blight, the yield may be reduced at the least, or even the garden may be destroyed. In the current market, there is an existing patent such as a method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight with application number CN201610751874.X. The specific steps are as follows: select a high and dry area with good drainage to cultivate asparagus; soak the seedlings in 2000 times of 16% antibacterial net solution for one day; clean the field in time and remove Diseased stems should be burned in batches; three days before the asparagus stems are left, 16% antibacterial net 500 times solution should be sprayed on the asparagus once in advance; within 40 days of the asparagus stems, the asparagus should not be watered. If it rains, 50% mancozeb 1000 times solution should be sprayed on the asparagus after the rain; a layer of mulch should be covered between the asparagus fields, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled during fertilization; if a small amount of stem blight occurs, immediately spray with 60% Baitai 1000 times solution, spray once every 7 days, and spray continuously for 3 times. The above patent treats stem blight by spraying, and although the effect is achieved, the prevention and control of asparagus stem blight is mainly based on chemical prevention and control, but due to the large-scale use of chemical agents for many years, the pathogen has developed strong drug resistance in many areas, which greatly reduces the effect of pesticides, and the large-scale use of chemical agents will also cause environmental pollution, pesticide residues and other problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problems and provides a method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Seed treatment:

[0008] Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected and the seeds should be disinfected;

[0009] S2. Soil management:

[0010] Deep tillage to break up the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure, spread new soil, and adjust soil pH;

[0011] S3. Land management:

[0012] Before planting, mix 80-100g of 10-14% Proquad WP with 10-15kg of fine soil and 40-45g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line in the center of the row with a spacing of 120-150cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide.

[0013] S4. Seeding:

[0014] When the soil temperature at 5-6cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 1cm-2cm.

[0015] S5. Transplantation:

[0016] When the transplanted seedlings are 25-30cm high, have more than 3 above-ground stems, and have 5-7 storage roots, they can be transplanted, with a spacing of 20cm-25cm between plants. Dig a pit to plant the seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After the seedlings emerge, arch the plastic film into a small shed in time;

[0017] S6. Field management:

[0018] Cultivate and weed and intercrop, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Topdress the asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Each time the soil is piled up, the thickness of each time is 13cm-15cm. Drip irrigation is used to water the seedlings in the greenhouse, and ventilation is carried out 4 times a day, each time for 30-60 minutes;

[0019] S7. Harvest:

[0020] When the asparagus is ripe, you can harvest it.

[0021] Preferably, before the seeds are disinfected, barren seeds, small seeds, broken seeds, seeds with pests and diseases, and various debris should be removed.

[0022] Preferably, the disinfection treatment uses hot water at 50-55°C to soak the seeds.

[0023] Preferably, the warm water seed soaking is to first pour one portion of cold water into a container containing seeds, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of 55-60°C water, stir in one direction with a rod thermometer while pouring the water, and then add hot water at any time, keep 50-55°C for 10 minutes, then naturally drop to 30°C, soak the seeds for 10-12 hours, and then put the seeds into the container, maintain the temperature at 20-25°C, and germinate.

[0024] Preferably, the soil pH value is 6-7.5.

[0025] Preferably, the deep plowing and crushing of the soil is ventilated in the greenhouse for 24-30 hours, and 50-80 kg of quicklime per mu is added for disinfection when crushing the soil.

[0026] Preferably, the new soil is exposed to sunlight for 2-3 days and then spread in the greenhouse, and the thickness of the new soil is 4-8 cm.

[0027] Preferably, the planting depth during transplanting is 14 cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface, the scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction, the roots are straightened when planting the seedlings, and the new soil is covered by 8-10 cm. After planting, water is applied to the roots to fix them. If there are any missing plants after 10-15 days of inspection, the seedlings should be supplemented in time. After one month, the planting ditch should be covered again so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

[0028] Preferably, when dead plants are found during the field management, the rhizomes and the surrounding soil within 10 cm should be dug out, and then the new soil in step S1 should be replaced.

[0029] After adopting the above method, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] The present invention starts with the selection of seeds. Using the disease resistance of plants themselves is one of the most effective and economical measures in the comprehensive prevention and control of crop diseases. The present invention adheres to the principle of prevention first and comprehensive prevention and control for the prevention and control of asparagus stem blight. By treating the soil and combining the conditions of the present invention to prevent and control asparagus stem blight, agricultural prevention, physical prevention and biological prevention are preferentially adopted. The prevention effect of asparagus stem blight is more than 90%, and the asparagus yield can be increased by more than 20%. It shows that the scheme of the present invention has a good prevention and control effect on asparagus stem blight.

[0031] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is the planting diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be mentioned in detail. Although the present invention is described in conjunction with these specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that it is not intended to limit the present invention to these specific embodiments. On the contrary, these embodiments are intended to cover substitutions, changes or equivalent embodiments that may be included in the spirit and scope of the invention defined by the claims. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented without some or all of these specific details. In other cases, in order not to make the present invention unnecessarily obscure, well-known process operations are not described in detail.

[0036] When used in conjunction with "including," "methods comprising," or similar language in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the full text.

[0038] Combined with Figure 1 -,

[0039] A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1. Seed treatment:

[0041] Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected and the seeds should be disinfected;

[0042] S2. Soil management:

[0043] Deep tillage to break up the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure, spread new soil, and adjust soil pH;

[0044] S3. Land management:

[0045] Before planting, mix 80-100g of 10-14% Proquad WP with 10-15kg of fine soil and 40-45g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line in the center of the row with a spacing of 120-150cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide.

[0046] S4. Seeding:

[0047] When the soil temperature at 5-6cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 1cm-2cm.

[0048] S5. Transplantation:

[0049] Transplant seedlings are 25-30cm high, with more than 3 above-ground stems and 5-7 storage roots. They can be transplanted, with a spacing of 20cm-25cm. Dig a pit to plant the seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After the seedlings emerge, the plastic film is arched into a small shed in time. When lifting the seedlings, try to minimize root damage. Plant large and small seedlings separately, and it is recommended to plant large seedlings instead of small seedlings.

[0050] S6. Field management:

[0051] Cultivate and weed and intercrop, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Topdress the asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Each time the soil is piled up, the thickness of each time is 13cm-15cm. Drip irrigation is used to water the seedlings in the greenhouse, and ventilation is carried out 4 times a day, each time for 30-60 minutes;

[0052] S7. Harvest:

[0053] When the asparagus is ripe, you can harvest it.

[0054] Before the seeds are disinfected, the seeds should be free of barren, small, broken, diseased and insect-infested seeds and various debris.

[0055] The disinfection treatment uses hot water at 50-55°C to soak the seeds.

[0056] The warm water seed soaking method is to first pour a portion of cold water into a seed container, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of 55-60°C water, stir in one direction with a stick thermometer while pouring the water, and then add hot water at any time, keep 50-55°C for 10 minutes, and then naturally drop to 30°C, soak the seeds for 10-12 hours, and then put the seeds into the container, maintain the temperature at 20-25°C, and germinate. Soaking seeds in warm water can prevent seeds from spreading diseases, promote germination, and promote strong and neat emergence of seedlings.

[0057] The soil pH value is 6-7.5.

[0058] The deep tillage and crushing of the soil is ventilated in the greenhouse for 24-30 hours, and 50-80 kg of quicklime is added per mu for disinfection when crushing the soil.

[0059] The new soil is exposed to the sun for 2-3 days and then spread in the greenhouse. The thickness of the new soil is 4-8 cm.

[0060] The planting depth during transplantation is 14 cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface, and the scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction. When planting the seedlings, the roots are straightened and covered with 8-10 cm of new soil. After planting, water the roots and if there are missing plants after 10-15 days of inspection, they should be supplemented in time. After one month, the planting ditch is covered again so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

[0061] If dead plants are found during the field management, the rhizomes and the surrounding soil within 10 cm should be dug out, and then the new soil in step S1 should be replaced.

[0062] In practice, due to the small size of the plants and the large spaces between the rows, weeds are prone to grow. Frequent inter-row cultivation and weeding are required. Short-stemmed vegetables such as cabbage and radish can be planted between the rows. In the second year, although the above-ground stems of asparagus grow a lot, in order not to affect the future development and yield of the plant cluster, the tender stems are generally not harvested, and crops are not interplanted. Inter-row cultivation is reduced compared to the previous year. It is necessary to strengthen soil cultivation before the young stems emerge from the soil, so that the young stems are not exposed to the soil surface and are prevented from being exposed to light, forming a white and tender product. You can also use black plastic film to cover the ground so that the young stems cannot see the light, which can also achieve good results.

[0063] Asparagus is generally harvested in the third year after planting, with two harvests each year, from April to June and from September to October in southern China. In some areas, the number of harvest days per year is 20-30 days in the first year, 40-50 days in the second year, 60-65 days in the third year, and 70-80 days each year thereafter, starting from the first year of harvest.

[0064] Starting from the selection of seeds, utilizing the plant's own disease resistance is one of the most effective and economical measures in the integrated prevention and control of crop diseases. The present invention adheres to the principle of prevention first and integrated prevention and control for the prevention and control of asparagus stem blight, and gives priority to agricultural prevention, physical prevention and biological prevention.

[0065] Embodiment 1:

[0066] A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Seed treatment:

[0068] Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected, and barren, small, broken, diseased and insect-infested seeds and various debris should be eliminated. The seeds should be soaked in 50°C hot water. First, pour one portion of cold water into the container containing the seeds, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of 55°C water. Stir in one direction with a stick thermometer while pouring the water. Add hot water at any time, keep it at 50°C for 10 minutes, and then naturally drop to 30°C. Soak the seeds for 10 hours, and then put the seeds in a container and maintain the temperature at 20°C for germination.

[0069] S2. Soil management:

[0070] Deeply plow and break the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure. Deeply plow and break the soil and ventilate it in the greenhouse for 24-30 hours. When breaking the soil, add 50kg of quicklime per mu for disinfection. Expose the new soil to the sun for 2 days and then spread it in the greenhouse. Spread the new soil to a thickness of 4cm and adjust the soil pH to 6.

[0071] S3. Land management:

[0072] Before planting, mix 80g of 10% Proquad WP with 10kg of fine soil and 40g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line along the center of the row with a spacing of 120cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide.

[0073] S4. Seeding:

[0074] When the soil temperature at 5cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 1cm.

[0075] S5. Transplantation:

[0076] Transplant seedlings are 25cm high, with more than 3 aboveground stems and 5 storage roots, and can be transplanted. The spacing between plants is 20cm. Dig holes to plant seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After emergence, the plastic film is arched into a small shed in time. The planting depth is 14cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface. The scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction. Straighten the roots when planting seedlings, cover with 8cm of new soil, and water the roots after planting. If there are missing plants after 10 days of inspection, they should be supplemented in time. Cover the planting ditch again after one month so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

[0077] S6. Field management:

[0078] Carry out inter-row cultivation, weeding and intercropping, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Apply topdressing to asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Add soil each time with topdressing, and the thickness of each soil is 13 cm. Use drip irrigation to water the seedlings in the greenhouse, and ventilate 4 times a day, each time for 30 minutes. If dead plants are found, the rhizomes and the soil within 10 cm around them should be dug out, and then replaced with the new soil in step S1.

[0079] S7. Harvest:

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0082] S1. Seed treatment:

[0083] Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected, and barren, small, broken, diseased and insect-infested seeds and various debris should be eliminated. The seeds should be soaked in 55°C hot water. First, pour one portion of cold water into the container containing the seeds, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of 60°C water. Stir in one direction with a stick thermometer while pouring the water. Add hot water at any time, keep it at 55°C for 10 minutes, and then naturally drop to 30°C. Soak the seeds for 12 hours, and then put the seeds in a container and maintain the temperature at 25°C for germination.

[0084] S2. Soil management:

[0085] Deeply plow and break the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure. Deeply plow and break the soil and ventilate it in the greenhouse for 30 hours. When breaking the soil, add 80kg of quicklime per mu for disinfection. Expose the new soil to the sun for 3 days and then spread it in the greenhouse. Spread the new soil to a thickness of 8cm and adjust the soil pH to 7.5.

[0086] S3. Land management:

[0087] Before planting, mix 100g of 14% Proquad WP with 15kg of fine soil and 45g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line in the center of the row with a spacing of 150cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide.

[0088] S4. Seeding:

[0089] When the soil temperature at 6cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 1cm-2cm.

[0090] S5. Transplantation:

[0091] Transplant seedlings are 30 cm high, with more than 3 aboveground stems and 7 storage roots, and can be transplanted at a spacing of 25 cm. Dig holes to plant seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After emergence, the plastic film is arched into a small shed in time. The planting depth is 14 cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface. The scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction. Straighten the roots when planting seedlings, cover with 10 cm of new soil, and water the roots after planting. If there are missing plants after 15 days of inspection, they should be supplemented in time. Cover the planting ditch again after one month so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

[0092] S6. Field management:

[0093] Carry out inter-row cultivation, weeding and intercropping, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Apply topdressing to asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Add soil each time with topdressing, and the thickness of each soil is 15 cm. Use drip irrigation to water the seedlings in the greenhouse. Ventilate 4 times a day, each time for 60 minutes. If dead plants are found, the rhizomes and the soil within 10 cm around them should be dug out, and then replaced with the new soil in step S1.

[0094] S7. Harvest:

[0095] Embodiment three:

[0096] A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0097] S1. Seed treatment:

[0098] Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected, and barren, small, broken, diseased and insect-infested seeds and various debris should be eliminated. The seeds should be soaked in 52°C hot water. First, pour one portion of cold water into the container containing the seeds, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of 58°C water. Stir in one direction with a stick thermometer while pouring the water. Add hot water at any time, keep it at 52°C for 10 minutes, and then naturally drop to 30°C. Soak the seeds for 12 hours, and then put the seeds in a container and maintain the temperature at 23°C for germination.

[0099] S2. Soil management:

[0100] Deeply plow and break the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure. Deeply plow and break the soil in the greenhouse and ventilate for 27 hours. When breaking the soil, add 67kg of quicklime per mu for disinfection. The new soil is exposed to the sun for 2 days and then spread in the greenhouse. Spread the new soil to a thickness of 6cm and adjust the soil pH to 7.

[0101] S3. Land management:

[0102] Before planting, mix 90g of 12% Proquad WP with 11kg of fine soil and 43g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line along the center of the row with a spacing of 135cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide.

[0103] S4. Seeding:

[0104] When the soil temperature at 5cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 1.5cm.

[0105] S5. Transplantation:

[0106] Transplant seedlings are 28cm high, with more than 3 aboveground stems and 6 storage roots, and can be transplanted. The spacing between plants is 22cm. Dig holes to plant seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After emergence, the plastic film is arched into a small shed in time. The planting depth is 14cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface. The scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction. When planting seedlings, the roots are straightened and covered with 9cm of new soil. After planting, water the roots. If there are missing plants after 12 days of inspection, they should be supplemented in time. Cover the planting ditch again after one month so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

[0107] S6. Field management:

[0108] Carry out inter-row cultivation, weeding and intercropping, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Apply topdressing to asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Add soil each time for topdressing, and the thickness of each soil is 14 cm. Use drip irrigation to water the seedlings in the greenhouse. Ventilate 4 times a day, each time for 45 minutes. If dead plants are found, the rhizomes and the soil within 10 cm around them should be dug out, and then replaced with the new soil in step S1.

[0109] S7. Harvest:

[0110] Embodiment 4:

[0111] A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight comprises the following steps:

[0112] S1. Seed treatment:

[0113] Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected, and barren, small, broken, diseased and insect-infested seeds and various debris should be eliminated. The seeds should be soaked in 54°C hot water. First, pour one portion of cold water into the container containing the seeds, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of 58°C water. Stir in one direction with a stick thermometer while pouring the water. Add hot water at any time, keep it at 54°C for 10 minutes, and then naturally drop to 30°C. Soak the seeds for 10 hours, and then put the seeds in a container and maintain the temperature at 25°C for germination.

[0114] S2. Soil management:

[0115] Deeply plow and break the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure. Deeply plow and break the soil in the greenhouse and ventilate for 28 hours. When breaking the soil, add 70kg of quicklime per mu for disinfection. The new soil is exposed to the sun for 2 days and then spread in the greenhouse. Spread the new soil to a thickness of 6cm and adjust the soil pH to 6.

[0116] S3. Land management:

[0117] Before planting, mix 86g of 13% Proquad WP with 10-15kg of fine soil and 44g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line along the center of the row with a spacing of 145cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide.

[0118] S4. Seeding:

[0119] When the soil temperature at 5cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 2cm.

[0120] S5. Transplantation:

[0121] Transplant seedlings are 28cm high, with more than 3 aboveground stems and 5 storage roots, and can be transplanted. The spacing between plants is 24cm. Dig holes to plant seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After emergence, the plastic film is arched into a small shed in time. The planting depth is 14cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface. The scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction. Straighten the roots when planting seedlings, cover with 9cm of new soil, and water the roots after planting. If there are missing plants after 13 days of inspection, they should be supplemented in time. Cover the planting ditch again one month later so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

[0122] S6. Field management:

[0123] Carry out inter-row cultivation, weeding and intercropping, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Apply topdressing to asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Add soil each time for topdressing, and the thickness of each soil is 14 cm. Use drip irrigation to water the seedlings in the greenhouse. Ventilate 4 times a day, each time for 45 minutes. If dead plants are found, the rhizomes and the soil within 10 cm around them should be dug out, and then replaced with the new soil in step S1.

[0124] S7. Harvest:

[0125] The solutions of Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4 were tested in 4 experimental plots, each with an area of ​​60m 2 The asparagus was planted according to the common planting requirements as a control example. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0126] Prevention effect (%) Yield increase rate (%) Embodiment 1 92.35 21.36 Embodiment 2 90.64 20.48 Embodiment 3 93.54 22.65 Embodiment 4 91.36 21.06 Comparison Example 52.32 5.36

[0127] Through the schemes of Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4, the prevention effect on asparagus stem blight is above 90%, and the asparagus yield can be increased by more than 20%, indicating that the scheme of the present invention has a good prevention and control effect on asparagus stem blight.

[0128] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the full text is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Seed treatment: Before sowing, disease-free seeds should be selected and the seeds should be disinfected; S2. Soil management: Deep tillage to break up the soil and apply organic fertilizer to improve soil structure, spread new soil, and adjust soil pH; S3. Land management: Before planting, mix 80-100g of 10-14% Proquad WP with 10-15kg of fine soil and 40-45g of biological nutrient liquid fertilizer, mix well, and evenly spread on the tilled soil. Then, hoe and plow the soil to level it. Draw a straight line in the center of the row with a spacing of 120-150cm, and then dig a planting ditch along the straight line. The planting ditch should be 42cm deep and 4cm wide. S4. Seeding: When the soil temperature at 5-6cm reaches above 10℃, sow seeds. The hole tray should be 550mX300m in size. The substrate should be fully moistened before loading. The filling degree of each hole should be uniform and the sowing depth should be consistent. After sowing, cover the holes and arrange the holes into ridges. Sow one seed in each hole with a sowing depth of 1cm-2cm. S5. Transplantation: When the transplanted seedlings are 25-30cm high, have more than 3 above-ground stems, and have 5-7 storage roots, they can be transplanted, with a spacing of 20cm-25cm between plants. Dig a pit to plant the seedlings, add the new soil in step S1, and then cover with plastic film. After the seedlings emerge, arch the plastic film into a small shed in time; S6. Field management: Cultivate and weed and intercrop, check the seedlings, and replace dead plants in time. Topdress the asparagus once 30 days after transplanting, and the second time after 2 months. Each time the soil is piled up, the thickness of each time is 13cm-15cm. Drip irrigation is used to water the seedlings in the greenhouse, and ventilation is carried out 4 times a day, each time for 30-60 minutes; S7. Harvest: When the asparagus is ripe, you can harvest it.

2. A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the seeds are disinfected, the seeds should be free of barren, small, broken, diseased and insect-infested seeds and various debris.

3. A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfection treatment uses hot water at 50-55°C to soak the seeds.

4. A method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 3, characterized in that: The warm water seed soaking method is to first pour a portion of cold water into a container containing seeds, put the seeds into the cold water, and then pour two portions of water at 55-60°C, stir in one direction with a rod thermometer while pouring the water, and then add hot water at any time, keep 50-55°C for 10 minutes, and then naturally drop to 30°C, soak the seeds for 10-12 hours, and then put the seeds into the container, maintain the temperature at 20-25°C, and germinate.

5. The method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil pH value is 6-7.

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6. The method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep tillage and crushing of the soil is ventilated in the greenhouse for 24-30 hours, and 50-80 kg of quicklime is added per mu for disinfection when crushing the soil.

7. The method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The new soil is exposed to the sun for 2-3 days and then spread in the greenhouse. The thickness of the new soil is 4-8 cm.

8. The method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting depth during transplantation is 14 cm from the underground stem to the ditch surface, and the scale buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and face the same direction. When planting the seedlings, the roots are straightened and covered with 8-10 cm of new soil. After planting, water the roots and if there are missing plants after 10-15 days of inspection, they should be supplemented in time. After one month, the planting ditch is covered again so that the planting row is slightly higher than the bed surface.

9. The method for preventing and controlling asparagus stem blight according to claim 1, characterized in that: If dead plants are found during the field management, the rhizomes and the surrounding soil within 10 cm should be dug out, and then the new soil in step S1 should be replaced.

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