Wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat energy recycling function and treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wet garbage treatment system with a biomass heat energy recycling function. The wet garbage treatment system comprises a cabinet, and a crushing part, a storage bin, a conveying part, a drying part, a cracking part, a biochar collecting part and a biogas collecting part are arranged in the cabinet; the crushing part is located at an inlet in the top of the cabinet and used for crushing garbage, and the output end of the crushing part is connected with the storage bin; the storage bin is used for storing the crushed garbage, and the output end of the storage bin is connected with the conveying part; the output end of the drying part is connected with the cracking part, and the cracking part is used for fully decomposing the garbage; the biochar collecting part is positioned at the bottom of the cracking part and is used for recycling biochar generated by cracking; the biogas collecting part is located at the top of the cracking part and used for recycling biogas generated through cracking, and the device is high in adaptability to complex wet garbage types, high in treatment efficiency, small in secondary pollutant generation amount and suitable for on-site treatment and resource utilization of places and regions where the wet garbage generation amount is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a wet garbage treatment system and a treatment method capable of recovering and utilizing biomass heat energy. Background Art

[0002] Wet garbage, also known as organic garbage, refers to perishable biomass waste generated in daily life, unit catering, catering services, food processing and other activities, mainly including leftovers, food waste, expired food, melon peels and fruit cores, waste grease, Chinese medicine residues and other perishable organic waste. Wet garbage mainly comes from households, restaurants, canteens, markets and other industries related to food processing. This type of garbage has the significant characteristics of being easily corrupted and cannot be piled up and stored.

[0003] There are two main types of existing wet garbage treatment methods. One is to convert wet garbage into fertilizer substrates through fermentation and composting. A relatively closed container with a heating device is used, and the wet garbage is fermented in the container. It takes a long time and has low efficiency. Before treatment, the wet garbage needs to be manually sorted, oil-water separation, desalination treatment, leachate treatment and other supporting treatment measures, which consumes a large amount of labor costs and supporting treatment costs; and there are problems such as odorous wastewater discharged into the environment during the treatment process, and the generated fertilizer substrate still needs deep processing, and the resource utilization rate is low. Another method is to decompose and dispose of wet garbage by incineration and landfill. Due to the high moisture content and complex composition of wet garbage, it causes high energy consumption and a large amount of three wastes (wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue). In particular, the equipment investment and treatment cost for the secondary treatment of the three wastes generated during the disposal process are relatively high. In many places and regions where the amount of wet garbage generated is not large, this treatment method is greatly restricted. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a wet garbage treatment system and method with biomass heat recovery and utilization, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization, comprising a cabinet, wherein a crushing part, a storage bin, a conveying part, a drying part, a cracking part, a biochar collecting part and a biogas collecting part are arranged inside the cabinet;

[0007] The crushing unit is located at the inlet on the top of the cabinet and is used to crush the garbage. The output end of the crushing unit is connected to the storage bin.

[0008] The storage bin is used to store the crushed garbage, and the output end of the storage bin is connected to the conveying part;

[0009] One end of the conveying part away from the storage bin is connected to the drying part, and the drying part is used to dry and preheat the garbage;

[0010] The output end of the drying part is connected to the cracking part, and the cracking part is used to fully decompose the garbage;

[0011] The biochar collection part is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis part, and is used to recover the biochar produced by pyrolysis;

[0012] The biogas collecting part is located on the top of the cracking part and is used for recovering the biogas generated by cracking.

[0013] Preferably, the crushing part includes a shell, a first driving member and a double-axis crushing roller, the shell is installed on the top of the cabinet, the first driving member is installed on one side of the shell, the double-axis crushing roller is installed inside the shell, and the bottom of the shell is connected to the storage bin.

[0014] Preferably, the conveying part comprises a conveying hose and a spiral spring blade, a first feed port is arranged at one end of the conveying hose, a first discharge port is arranged at the other end of the conveying hose, and the spiral spring blade is located inside the conveying hose.

[0015] Preferably, the drying section includes a drying chamber, a second driving member and a rake agitator, a second feed port and a vacuum dehydration port are provided on the top of the drying chamber, the second driving member is installed on one side of the drying chamber, the rake agitator is installed inside the drying chamber, and the output end of the second driving member is connected to the rake agitator.

[0016] Preferably, the cracking part includes a cracking chamber, a heating part, a thermal insulation structure and a cracking component, the heating part is located outside the cracking chamber, the cracking component is located in the middle of the cracking chamber, the outer side of the cracking component is the thermal insulation structure, the top of the cracking chamber is connected to the biogas collection part, and the bottom of the cracking chamber is connected to the biochar collection part.

[0017] Preferably, the biogas collection part includes a primary filter component, a secondary filter component and a gas storage tank, a booster pump is provided between the primary filter component and the secondary filter component, the primary filter component is connected to the pyrolysis part, and the secondary filter component is connected to the gas storage tank.

[0018] Preferably, the biogas collection part is also connected to a recovery part, which includes a pressure regulating device, a biogas burner and a heat recovery device, the output end of the gas storage tank is connected to the pressure regulating device, the other end of the pressure regulating device is connected to the biogas burner, the biogas burner is connected to the heat recovery device, and the heat recovery device is connected to the drying part.

[0019] A method for treating wet garbage with a biomass heat recovery system, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Raw material crushing: The unsorted wet garbage is crushed into particles with a diameter of less than 1 cm using a double-shaft crusher. The crushed raw materials do not need to be separated and are all collected in the storage bin. The crushed raw materials are evenly mixed in the storage bin;

[0021] S2. Material transportation: The conveying hose transports all the crushed paste or paste-like components to the next dehydration and material preparation process. The conveying hose effectively avoids material jamming or material storage during the transportation process.

[0022] S3, dehydration and material preparation: the materials entering the drying chamber are stirred by a rake stirrer and fully dried with external heating, thereby completing dehydration and preheating;

[0023] S4, cracking and conversion: After the materials are mixed, dehydrated, dried and preheated in the material preparation stage, the moisture content of the materials is controlled to 30% before entering the cracking and conversion process. The cracking section adopts a vertical layered cracking structure. By controlling the cracking and conversion conditions, the materials pass through the drying section, cracking section and carbonization section from top to bottom, and are converted into biochar. The biochar collection section at the bottom is used, and the biomass gas is discharged from the top outlet of the cracking section.

[0024] S5. Collection of biomass gas and biochar: The biomass gas discharged from the top of the cracking section enters the biogas collection section. The biogas collection section is a two-stage box structure. A high-temperature resistant filter screen is set on the top of the first-stage filter assembly. Part of the tar in the biomass gas is intercepted by the filter screen, and the tar flows back to the tar reflux port on the top of the cracking device for further circulation and cracking. The biomass gas entering the first-stage filter assembly is cooled by the circulating water of the inner cylinder, and the water and residual tar therein are separated. The circulating water of the inner cylinder is the outlet water heated by the drying section, and the heat energy in the biomass gas is recycled; then the biomass gas entering the second-stage filter assembly passes through the booster pump, and other impurities in the biomass gas are separated after being pressurized; the biomass gas pressurized by the second-stage filter assembly is adjusted in pressure and enters the gas storage tank at the rear end for standby use. A biochar collection section is set at the bottom of the cracking section, and the generated biochar is crushed and ground, and then discharged from the cracking section through a sealed transmission member;

[0025] S6. Recovery and utilization of heat energy from biomass gas: The storage pressure of biomass gas in the gas tank is set to 0.4 MPa-0.6 MPa. A pressure regulating device is set at the outlet of the gas tank to adjust the pressure of the gas to 300 kPa before it enters the biomass gas burner. The heat energy generated by the combustion is recovered by the heat recovery device and used for heating the drying section and the cracking section. The water inlet of the heat recovery device is the circulating water from which part of the heat energy produced by cracking has been recovered by the first-level filtration component in the biogas collection section. The water outlet of the heat recovery device enters the heating layer of the drying section. The excess energy is stored in the gas tank or temporarily stored in the form of heat energy through a parallel heat recovery device.

[0026] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0027] 1) Compared with the existing wet garbage composting treatment technology, the wet garbage treatment method and system involved in the present invention can directly input all components of wet garbage into the system for treatment, without the need for manual sorting of raw materials, oil-water separation, desalination treatment, leachate treatment and other supporting treatment measures, thus saving the investment in supporting measures and treatment costs.

[0028] 2) Compared with the existing wet garbage incineration and landfill treatment technology, the present invention has strong adaptability to complex types of wet garbage, high treatment efficiency, and low generation of secondary pollutants. In many places and regions where the amount of wet garbage generated is not large, it can be quickly treated on-site and recycled, shortening the wet garbage treatment cycle and avoiding secondary pollution in stacking, transportation and other intermediate links.

[0029] 3) The present invention can simultaneously recycle and utilize the biochar and biomass gas generated in the wet garbage treatment process, thereby saving the cost of wet garbage treatment and achieving high resource utilization efficiency.

[0030] 4) The circulation treatment method adopted by the present invention can effectively improve the utilization rate of biomass gas and ensure the stable and reliable operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the back side of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing part of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying part of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drying part of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6It is a schematic structural diagram of the cracking part of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, cabinet; 2, crushing part; 21, shell; 22, first driving member; 23, double-axis crushing roller; 3, storage bin; 4, conveying part; 41, conveying hose; 42, spiral spring blade; 43, first feed inlet; 44, first discharge outlet; 5, drying part; 51, drying chamber; 52, second driving member; 53, rake agitator; 6, cracking part; 61, cracking chamber; 62, heating part; 63, insulation structure; 64, cracking component; 7, biochar collecting part; 8, biogas collecting part; 81, primary filter component; 82, secondary filter component; 83, gas storage tank; 84, booster pump; 9, recovery part; 91, pressure regulating device; 92, biogas burner; 93, heat recovery device; 931, first heat exchanger; 932, second heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figure 1-Figure 7 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization includes a cabinet 1, and the cabinet 1 is provided with a crushing part 2, a storage bin 3, a conveying part 4, a drying part 5, a cracking part 6, a biochar collecting part 7, a biogas collecting part 8 and a recovery part 9;

[0042] The crushing part 2 is located at the inlet of the top of the cabinet 1 and is used to crush the garbage. The output end of the crushing part 2 is connected to the storage bin 3;

[0043] The storage bin 3 is used to store the crushed garbage, and the output end of the storage bin 3 is connected to the conveying part 4;

[0044] The end of the conveying part 4 away from the storage bin 3 is connected to the drying part 5, and the drying part 5 is used to dry and preheat the garbage;

[0045] The output end of the drying section 5 is connected to the cracking section 6 through the conveying section 4, and the cracking section 6 is used to fully decompose the garbage;

[0046] The biochar collection section 7 is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis section 6 and is used to recover the biochar produced by pyrolysis;

[0047] The biogas collecting section 8 is located at the top of the cracking section 6 and is used to recover the biogas produced by cracking;

[0048] The output end of the biogas collecting part 8 is connected to the recovery part 9 , and the output end of the recovery part 9 is connected to the drying part 5 and the cracking part 6 .

[0049] During processing, the wet garbage enters the crushing section 2 for preliminary crushing, then enters the storage bin 3 for temporary storage, and then enters the drying section 5 driven by the conveying section 4. After sufficient drying and preheating, it enters the cracking section 6 for cracking and separation. The biochar enters the biochar collection section, and the biogas enters the biogas collection section 8. Then it is burned in the recovery section 9 to generate heat energy, which is used for heating the drying section 5 and the cracking section 6. Not only can the wet garbage be processed in a timely manner, but also energy recycling is adopted, which is more environmentally friendly and has a higher utilization rate.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the crushing part 2 includes a shell 21, a first driving member 22 and a double-axis crushing roller 23. The shell 21 is installed on the top of the cabinet 1, the first driving member 22 is installed on one side of the shell 21, and the double-axis crushing roller 23 is installed inside the shell 21. The bottom of the shell 21 is connected to the storage bin 3. Driven by the first driving member 22, the double-axis crushing roller 23 fully stirs and crushes the wet garbage entering the shell 21 into particles with a particle size of less than 1 cm, and then enters the storage bin 3 for temporary storage. A stirrer is also provided inside the storage bin 3 to stir the material evenly.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the conveying section 4 includes a primary conveying and a secondary conveying. The primary conveying is used to connect the storage bin 3 and the drying chamber 5, and the secondary conveying is used to connect the drying section 5 and the cracking section 6. The conveying section 4 includes a conveying hose 41 and a spiral spring blade 42. A first feed port 43 is provided at one end of the conveying hose 41, and a first discharge port 44 is provided at the other end. The spiral spring blade 42 is located inside the conveying hose 41. Driven by the spiral spring blade 42, the paste-like or paste-like crushed mixed material enters the drying section 5.

[0052] like Figure 5The drying section 5 comprises a drying chamber 51, a second driving member 52 and a rake stirrer 53. A second feed port and a vacuum dehydration port are provided at the top of the drying chamber 51. The second driving member 52 is installed on one side of the drying chamber 51. The rake stirrer 53 is installed inside the drying chamber 51. The output end of the second driving member 52 is connected to the rake stirrer 53. During the drying process, the heat energy of the recovery section 9 and the rake plywood gas are used for stirring. The main transmission shaft of the rake stirrer 53 is set as a hollow tubular structure, and a telescopic spring sheet structure is set on the rake teeth. The dehydration material preparation working condition parameters are set as follows: heating temperature 55°C to 60°C, vacuum degree -0.095 to -0.098MPa, rotating shaft speed 15 to 20r / min, forward and reverse alternating time 5 to 10min / time, and the heating heat source of the rake stirrer 53 adopts the heat energy recovered in the process of biomass gas collection and heat recovery, which is transported to the cracking section 6 after drying and preheating.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the cracking part 6 includes a cracking chamber 61, a heating part 62, a heat preservation structure 63 and a cracking assembly 64, the heating part 62 is located outside the cracking chamber 61, the cracking assembly 64 is located in the middle of the cracking chamber 61, the outer side of the cracking assembly 64 is the heat preservation structure 63, the top of the cracking chamber 61 is connected to the biogas collecting part 8, the bottom of the cracking chamber 61 is connected to the biochar collecting part, the top of the cracking chamber 61 is connected to the feed and biogas collecting part 8, the bottom is connected to the biochar collecting part, the biochar collecting part crushes and grinds the generated biochar, the rotation speed is set to 5r / min, the forward and reverse rotations are alternately switched every 5 to 20 minutes, the grinding hole size of the collection plate is set to 20mm*20mm, the collected particle size of the biochar is controlled within the range of 2cm, and the biochar is discharged from the cracking chamber 61 through a sealed transmission device, a heating layer is set outside the cracking chamber 61, the heating layer is connected to the recovery part 9, and the cracking assembly 64 can drive the material to stir to ensure the efficiency of cracking.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the biogas collection part 8 includes a primary filter component 81, a secondary filter component 82 and a gas storage tank 83, a booster pump 84 is arranged between the primary filter component 81 and the secondary filter component 82, the primary filter component 81 is connected to the cracking part 6, the secondary filter component 82 is connected to the gas storage tank 83, a high temperature resistant filter screen is arranged on the top of the primary filter component 81, part of the tar in the biomass gas is intercepted by the filter screen, and the tar flows back to the tar reflux port on the top of the cracking chamber 61 for further circulation and cracking; entering the primary filter component 8 The biomass gas of 1 is cooled by the internal circulating water, and the moisture and residual tar therein are separated. The circulating water of the inner cylinder is the outlet water of the drying chamber 51, and the heat energy in the biomass gas is recycled; the booster pump 84 pressurizes the biomass gas discharged from the first-stage filter component 81 and enters the second-stage filter component 82. After pressurization, other impurities in the biomass gas are separated, and the final collection temperature of the biomass gas is less than 40°C. The biomass gas pressurized by the second-stage filter component 82 is adjusted in pressure and enters the rear-end gas storage tank 83 for standby.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the recovery part 9 includes a pressure regulating device 91, a biogas burner 92 and a heat recovery device 93. The output end of the gas storage tank 83 is connected to the pressure regulating device 91, and the other end of the pressure regulating device 91 is connected to the biogas burner 92. The biogas burner is connected to the heat recovery device 93, and the heat recovery device 93 is connected to the drying part 5. The storage pressure of the biomass gas in the gas storage tank 83 is set to 0.5MPa~0.6MPa. The pressure regulating device 91 at the outlet of the gas storage tank 83 adjusts the pressure of the gas to 0.3MPa before entering the biomass gas burner. The heat energy generated by the combustion is recovered by the heat recovery device 93. The water inlet of the heat recovery device 93 is the circulating water that has been decomposed and produced by the recovery part 9 in the first-stage filter component 81. The water outlet of the heat recovery device 93 enters the drying chamber 51.

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, a method for treating wet garbage with a system for recovering biomass heat energy comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1, raw material crushing: the unsorted wet garbage is crushed into particles with a particle size of less than 1 cm by a double-shaft crusher. The crushed raw materials including wet garbage particles, wastewater, waste oil, etc. do not need to be separated and are all collected in the storage bin 3. The crushed raw materials are evenly stirred in the storage bin 3;

[0058] S2. Material transportation: The conveying hose 41 conveys the crushed paste-like or paste-like material with all components to the next dehydration and material preparation process. The conveying hose 41 effectively avoids the phenomenon of material jamming or material accumulation during the conveying process;

[0059] S3, dehydration and material preparation: the material entering the drying chamber 51 is fully dried under the stirring of the rake stirrer 53 and the external heating, thereby completing dehydration and preheating;

[0060] S4, cracking and conversion: After the material is mixed, dehydrated, dried and preheated in the material preparation stage, the moisture content of the material is controlled to 30% before entering the cracking and conversion process. The cracking section 6 adopts a vertical layered cracking structure. By controlling the cracking and conversion conditions, the material passes through the drying section, cracking section and carbonization section from top to bottom, and is converted into biochar and enters the biochar collection section at the bottom. The biomass gas is discharged from the top outlet of the cracking section 6;

[0061] S5, biomass gas and biochar collection: the biomass gas discharged from the top of the cracking section 6 enters the biogas collection section 8, which is a two-stage box structure. A high-temperature resistant filter screen is arranged on the top of the first-stage filter assembly 81, and part of the tar in the biomass gas is intercepted by the filter screen. The tar flows back to the tar reflux port at the top of the cracking device for further circulation and cracking. The biomass gas entering the first-stage filter assembly 81 is cooled by the circulating water of the inner cylinder, and the water and the remaining tar therein are separated. The circulating water of the inner cylinder is the outlet water heated by the drying section 5, and the heat energy in the biomass gas is recycled; then the biomass gas enters the second-stage filter assembly 82 through the booster pump 84, and other impurities in the biomass gas are separated after being pressurized; the biomass gas pressurized by the second-stage filter assembly 82 is adjusted in pressure and enters the gas storage tank 83 at the rear end for standby use, and a biochar collection section 7 is arranged at the bottom of the cracking section 6, and the generated biochar is crushed and ground, and then discharged from the cracking section 6 through a sealed transmission member;

[0062] S6. Recovery and utilization of heat energy from biomass gas: The storage pressure of the biomass gas in the gas storage tank 83 is set to 0.4 MPa-0.6 MPa. A pressure regulating device 91 is set at the outlet of the gas storage tank 83 to adjust the pressure of the gas to 300 kPa before it enters the biomass gas burner. The heat energy generated by the combustion is recovered by the heat energy recovery device 93 and used for heating the drying section 5 and the cracking section 6. The water inlet of the heat energy recovery device 93 is the circulating water that has been decomposed and produced by the gas in the first-level filter component 81 of the biogas collection section 8 and the recovery section 9. The water outlet of the heat energy recovery device 93 enters the heating layer of the drying section 5. The excess energy is stored in the gas storage tank 83, or temporarily stored in the form of heat energy through the parallel heat energy recovery device 93.

[0063] In summary, the preparation method of the present invention has strong adaptability to complex types of wet garbage, high treatment efficiency, and low generation of secondary pollutants. It is suitable for on-site treatment and resource utilization in places and regions where the amount of wet garbage generated is not large.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization, characterized by: The cabinet (1) comprises a crushing unit (2), a material storage bin (3), a conveying unit (4), a drying unit (5), a cracking unit (6), a biochar collecting unit (7) and a biogas collecting unit (8); The crushing part (2) is located at the entrance of the top of the cabinet (1) and is used to crush the garbage. The output end of the crushing part (2) is connected to the storage bin (3); The storage bin (3) is used to store the crushed garbage, and the output end of the storage bin (3) is connected to the conveying part (4); One end of the conveying part (4) away from the storage bin (3) is connected to the drying part (5), and the drying part (5) is used to dry and preheat the garbage; The output end of the drying section (5) is connected to the decomposition section (6) through the conveying section (4), and the decomposition section (6) is used to fully decompose the garbage; The biochar collection section (7) is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis section (6) and is used to recover the biochar produced by pyrolysis; The biogas collecting section (8) is located at the top of the cracking section (6) and is used to recover the biogas generated by cracking.

2. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing part (2) comprises a shell (21), a first driving member (22) and a double-shaft crushing roller (23); the shell (21) is installed on the top of the cabinet (1); the first driving member (22) is installed on one side of the shell (21); the double-shaft crushing roller (23) is installed inside the shell (21); and the bottom of the shell (21) is connected to the storage bin (3).

3. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying part (4) comprises a conveying hose (41) and a spiral spring blade (42); one end of the conveying hose (41) is provided with a first feed port (43), and the other end is provided with a first discharge port (44); and the spiral spring blade (42) is located inside the conveying hose (41).

4. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying section (5) comprises a drying chamber (51), a second driving member (52) and a rake stirrer (53); a second feed inlet and a vacuum dehydration port are provided on the top of the drying chamber (51); the second driving member (52) is installed on one side of the drying chamber (51); the rake stirrer (53) is installed inside the drying chamber (51); and an output end of the second driving member (52) is connected to the rake stirrer (53).

5. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis section (6) comprises a pyrolysis chamber (61), a heating section (62), a heat-insulating structure (63) and a pyrolysis assembly (64); the heating section (62) is located outside the pyrolysis chamber (61); the pyrolysis assembly (64) is located in the middle of the pyrolysis chamber (61); the heat-insulating structure (63) is located outside the pyrolysis chamber (61); the top of the pyrolysis chamber (61) is connected to the biogas collection section (8); and the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber (61) is connected to the biochar collection section (7).

6. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biogas collection part (8) comprises a primary filter component (81), a secondary filter component (82) and a gas storage tank (83); a booster pump (84) is provided between the primary filter component (81) and the secondary filter component (82); the primary filter component (81) is connected to the cracking part (6); and the secondary filter component (82) is connected to the gas storage tank (83).

7. A wet garbage treatment system with biomass heat recovery and utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The biogas collection section (8) is also connected to a recovery section (9), and the recovery section (9) includes a pressure regulating device (91), a biogas burner (92) and a heat recovery device (93). The output end of the gas storage tank (83) is connected to the pressure regulating device (91), and the other end of the pressure regulating device (91) is connected to the biogas burner (92). The biogas burner (92) is connected to the heat recovery device (93), and the heat recovery device (93) is connected to the drying section (5).

8. A method for treating wet garbage with a biomass heat recovery system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material crushing: The unsorted wet garbage is crushed into particles with a particle size of less than 1 cm using a double-shaft crusher. The crushed raw materials do not need to be separated and are all collected in a storage bin (3). The crushed raw materials are evenly stirred in the storage bin (3); S2. Material transportation: The conveying hose (41) conveys the crushed paste-like or paste-like material with all components to the next dehydration and material preparation process. The conveying hose (41) effectively avoids the phenomenon of material jamming or material accumulation during the transportation process; S3, dehydration and material preparation: the material entering the drying chamber (51) is fully dried under the stirring of the rake stirrer (53) and the external heating, thereby completing dehydration and preheating; S4, cracking and conversion: after the material is mixed, dehydrated, dried and preheated in the material preparation process, the moisture content of the material is controlled to 30% before entering the cracking and conversion process. The cracking section (6) adopts a vertical layered cracking structure. By controlling the cracking and conversion conditions, the material passes through the drying section, cracking section and carbonization section from top to bottom, and is converted into biochar and enters the biochar collection section at the bottom. The biomass gas is discharged from the top outlet of the cracking section (6); S5. Collection of biomass gas and biochar: The biomass gas discharged from the top of the cracking section (6) enters the biogas collection section (8). The biogas collection section (8) is a two-stage box-type structure. A high-temperature resistant filter screen is arranged on the top of the first-stage filter assembly (81). Part of the tar in the biomass gas is intercepted by the filter screen, and the tar flows back to the tar return port at the top of the cracking device for further circulation and cracking. The biomass gas entering the first-stage filter assembly (81) is cooled by the circulating water in the inner cylinder, and the water and the remaining tar therein are separated. The circulating water in the inner cylinder The heat energy in the biomass gas is recycled and utilized by heating the outlet water of the drying section (5); the biomass gas then enters the secondary filter assembly (82) through the booster pump (84), and other impurities in the biomass gas are separated after being pressurized; the biomass gas pressurized by the secondary filter assembly (82) is adjusted in pressure and enters the gas storage tank (83) at the rear end for standby use; a biochar collection section (7) is provided at the bottom of the cracking section (6), and the generated biochar is crushed and ground, and then discharged from the cracking section (6) through a sealed transmission component; S6. Recovery and utilization of heat energy from biomass gas: The storage pressure of the biomass gas in the gas storage tank (83) is set to 0.4 MPa-0.6 MPa. A pressure regulating device (91) is set at the outlet of the gas storage tank (83) to adjust the pressure of the gas to 300 kPa before it enters the biomass gas burner. The heat energy generated by the combustion is recovered by the heat energy recovery device (93) and used for heating the drying section (5) and the cracking section (6). The water inlet of the heat energy recovery device (93) is the circulating water of the primary filter component (81) of the biogas collection section (8) and the heat energy generated by the cracking and decomposition of the recovery section (9). The water outlet of the heat energy recovery device (93) enters the heating layer of the drying section (5). The excess energy is stored in the gas storage tank (83) or temporarily stored in the form of heat energy through a parallel heat energy recovery device (93).

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