Replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for self-discharging battery of electric automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for a self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles. According to the invention, through the self-unloading quick falling of the electric vehicle lock catch type battery device, the electric driving lifting platform and the sliding function, the automatic falling and quick movement of the battery assembly from the bottom of the electric vehicle to a replacement area are realized, and the replacement time of the battery assembly is greatly shortened; when spontaneous combustion happens to the battery, the battery can be separated from a vehicle body of the vehicle through the self-discharging battery function and then fall on the ground, then the electric vehicle moves away from the position where the battery falls off due to spontaneous combustion, in this way, combustion of the vehicle and harm to people cannot be caused, and the service life of the electric vehicle is prolonged. And the problems of difficult and slow battery replacement, large potential safety hazard and the like which are generally concerned by electric vehicle users are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for a self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of electric vehicles, the convenience, speed and safety of battery replacement have become the focus of industry attention. Traditional battery replacement methods often have problems such as complex operation, long time consumption and potential safety hazards. For this reason, a self-unloading battery replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for electric vehicles is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for a self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a self-unloading battery replacement and self-ignition safety device for electric vehicles, comprising a self-unloading battery device, a battery replacement device, a battery positioning device, a vehicle body limit frame, and an electric vehicle. The self-unloading battery device is composed of a battery, a battery shell, a shell cooling device, a battery shell lower support plate, a battery positive contact sheet, a battery negative contact sheet, a flame-retardant auxiliary battery, a battery self-unloading controller, a battery positioning fixing box, a positive connection jack tightener, a negative connection jack tightener, a buckle lock block, and a battery assembly tightener. The self-unloading battery device is a device for replacing a battery in an electric vehicle. The bottom of the electric vehicle, the battery is installed in the battery shell, the battery shell is provided with a battery positive contact sheet, a battery negative contact sheet and a connecting line, a battery shell lower support plate is provided below the battery shell, and a battery assembly is assembled, and the battery shell lower support plate is provided with grooves corresponding to the buckle lock blocks at the lower opening of the battery positioning and fixing box around the battery assembly, and a self-unloading battery device is formed through the connection and fixing and falling-off and disassembly functions of the movable battery assembly and the battery positioning and fixing box, and the battery assembly and the battery positioning and fixing box are connected and fixed with buckle lock blocks of different shapes and fixed in different ways to form a whole;

[0005] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the self-unloading battery device is a shell cooling device installed at other parts of the battery shell, and the shell cooling device is composed of air cooling, electronic cooling, liquid cooling, etc., the battery is installed with a temperature sensor, the electric car is provided with a flame-retardant auxiliary battery or a magnetic motion device and a controller, the top of the battery shell is installed with a battery positive contact sheet and a battery negative contact sheet, the battery positioning and fixing box is installed at the bottom of the car, the shape of the battery positioning and fixing box is a trapezoidal box body, the battery positioning and fixing box is set to be small at the top and large at the bottom, the large part at the bottom of the battery positioning and fixing box is an opening, and the opening is the inlet for installing the battery;

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the self-unloading battery device is a battery positioning and fixing box inlet with snap lock blocks installed around it, the snap lock blocks are set to clamp or stop the battery from falling down after the battery is installed, the snap lock blocks are set with an inclined surface downward, so that the snap lock blocks can automatically retract when the battery assembly rises and contacts the inclined surface, and the snap lock blocks are set with a plane upward, so that the battery assembly can be stopped or clamped after falling down to the plane, and the shape of the snap lock blocks includes but is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, an italic body, an irregular body, a block shape, etc., the snap lock blocks include but are not limited to telescopic, rotating, flip-top, etc., the technical purpose of the invention of the snap lock blocks is to fix the battery on the vehicle body after installation, and to fix or self-unload the battery assembly by controlling the movement of the snap lock blocks, the movement modes of the control snap lock blocks include mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic, and the modes of fixing or self-unloading the battery assembly include mechanical, hydraulic, electronic, pneumatic, and magnetic;

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the self-unloading battery device is a battery positioning and fixing box having a positive battery socket, a negative battery socket, and a battery assembly presser on the top thereof; a positive connection socket presser is installed at the positive battery socket, and a negative connection socket presser is installed at the negative battery socket; the battery assembly presser compresses the remaining activity space of the battery after the battery assembly is installed, thereby achieving the effect of stabilizing the battery assembly; the movement of the battery assembly presser, the positive connection socket presser, the negative connection socket presser, and the buckle lock block is controlled by the power of a controller, and the control power of the controller includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electronic, pneumatic, and magnetic methods;

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the battery positioning device includes a front and rear wheel positioning device of an electric vehicle or a battery positioning device provided in a battery positioning fixing box, etc., when the two arms of the front and rear wheel positioning device are opened between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle body, they respectively press against the front and rear wheels of the vehicle body to determine the battery position of different models and simultaneously move the position of the battery replacement device, the battery positioning device is in a flat U-shape, with blocks on three sides and only one side having an opening, and the opening is a trapezoidal eight-shaped opening which is an inlet for installing the battery push, and there is no cover on the upper and lower parts, when the battery positioning device extends out of the lower opening of the battery positioning fixing box and protrudes out of the vehicle body, the protruding part is used to locate the position of the battery replacement device to replace the battery assembly, or it can be manually replaced with a handheld horizontal repairman. The battery jack is used to locate and replace the battery assembly through the battery positioning device, so as to achieve the technical purpose of replacing the battery assembly anywhere and simplifying and popularizing it. The dimensions of the empty space around the battery positioning device are the same as the dimensions of the empty space around the battery positioning and fixing box. The purpose is that when the battery is pushed into the battery from the U-shaped mouth of the battery positioning device, the battery can be smoothly raised into the battery positioning and fixing box after positioning. The battery positioning device can be retracted into or extended from the battery positioning and fixing box in the following ways: mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic. The battery positioning device locates the battery position of different models in various ways at various parts of the vehicle body or outside the vehicle body. The positioning methods include but are not limited to mechanical, infrared, electric, ultrasonic, and magnetic;

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the battery replacement device is composed of a battery positioning device and a universal moving device, the universal moving device includes an external controller, a universal coordinate moving bracket, a bracket cushion, a bracket universal wheel, a cross coordinate supporting moving platform, and a lift assembly, a cross coordinate supporting moving platform is arranged on the lift assembly, a universal coordinate moving bracket is arranged on the cross coordinate supporting moving platform, a bracket universal wheel is installed below the universal coordinate moving bracket, front and rear wheel positioning devices are arranged on the universal coordinate moving bracket, a bracket cushion is arranged above the universal coordinate moving bracket, the movement of the universal coordinate moving bracket, the lift assembly, and the cross coordinate supporting moving platform is controlled by an external controller or manual control force, the control force of the external controller includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic methods, the battery replacement device includes an integrated device and a split device, and the battery replacement device includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic methods;

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the universal coordinate movable bracket on the battery replacement device is rectangular, the placement direction of the universal coordinate movable bracket is to be placed across the bottom of the vehicle body, the two ends of the width of the rectangle of the universal coordinate movable bracket are below the door positions on both sides of the electric vehicle body, and the rectangular surface of the universal coordinate movable bracket has a bracket cushion, and the universal coordinate movable bracket is provided with two areas, which are respectively an unloading area for unloading old battery components and an installation area for fully charged new battery components. When the battery positioning device is used, the old battery component is lower than the protruding part of the battery positioning device, so that the old battery component can be quickly removed, and the new battery component is aligned with the U-shaped opening of the battery positioning device in parallel, so that the new battery component can be quickly entered, and a battery fixing block is installed in the installation area, and a battery positioning device is installed next to the universal coordinate movable bracket. When the battery positioning device is positioned, the universal coordinate movable bracket is also moving and positioning at the same time;

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the spontaneous combustion safety device is a self-unloading battery device that can quickly detach the battery assembly and drop it to the ground, so that the battery assembly is separated from the vehicle body. At the same time, the temporary power consumption of the electric vehicle will be converted to the flame-retardant auxiliary battery, and then the electric vehicle will be moved or away from the place where the battery assembly falls and burns by the inertia of the electric vehicle walking or the power of the flame-retardant auxiliary battery. In this way, the electric vehicle will not be burned and people will not be injured, thereby achieving the purpose of the battery assembly spontaneous combustion safety device, and a shell cooling device is provided on the battery shell to cool the battery assembly and a temperature sensor is installed on the battery assembly. The material of the battery shell is a flame-retardant, explosion-proof and flame-proof shell, thereby improving the safety of spontaneous combustion of the battery assembly and achieving the purpose of the spontaneous combustion safety device.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes the automatic shedding and rapid movement of the battery assembly from the bottom of the electric vehicle to the replacement area through the self-unloading quick detachment and electrically driven lifting platform and sliding function of the electric vehicle lock-type battery device, which greatly shortens the time for replacing the battery assembly and improves the practicality and reliability of rapid battery replacement in electric vehicles. When the battery spontaneously combusts, it can be separated from the vehicle body through the self-unloading battery function and fall to the ground, and then the electric vehicle moves away from the place where the battery spontaneously combusts and falls, which will not cause vehicle combustion and personal injury, thereby achieving the purpose of the spontaneous combustion safety device and solving the pain points of electric vehicle users, such as the difficulty and slowness of battery replacement and great safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device of the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2FIG. 2 is an internal diagram of the battery positioning device 23 .

[0015] Legend: 1. Battery; 2. Battery casing; 3. Lower support plate of battery casing; 4. Positive contact piece of battery; 401. Negative contact piece of battery; 5. Casing cooling device; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Flame-retardant auxiliary battery; 8. Controller; 9. Battery positioning and fixing box; 10. Positive connection jack clamp; 101. Negative connection jack clamp; 11. Snap lock block; 12. Battery assembly clamp; 13. Battery positioning device; 14. Universal coordinate moving bracket; 15. Bracket cushion; 16. Bracket universal wheel; 17. Lifting machine assembly; 18. Battery fixing block; 19. Vehicle body limit frame; 20. Electric vehicle; 21. External controller; 22. Cross coordinate supporting moving platform; 23. Battery positioning device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a replacement and self-ignition safety device for a self-unloading battery of an electric vehicle, comprising a self-unloading battery device, a battery replacement device, a battery positioning device, a vehicle body limit frame 19, and an electric vehicle 20. The self-unloading battery device is composed of a battery 1, a battery shell 2, a shell cooling device 5, a battery shell lower support plate 3, a battery positive contact sheet 4, a battery negative contact sheet 401, a flame-retardant auxiliary battery 7, a battery self-unloading controller 8, a battery positioning fixing box 9, a positive connection jack tightener 10, a negative connection jack tightener 101, a buckle lock block 11, and a battery assembly tightener 12. The self-unloading battery device The battery 1 is installed in the battery shell 2 at the bottom of the electric vehicle 20. The battery shell 2 is provided with a positive contact sheet 4, a negative contact sheet 401 and a connecting line. A battery shell lower support plate 3 is provided below the battery shell 2 to form a battery assembly. The battery shell lower support plate 3 is provided with grooves corresponding to the buckle lock block 11 at the lower opening of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 around it. The self-unloading battery device is formed by connecting and fixing the movable battery assembly with the battery positioning and fixing box 9 and the function of falling off and disassembling. The battery assembly and the battery positioning and fixing box 9 are connected and fixed with buckle lock blocks 11 of different shapes in different ways to form a whole.

[0019] In this embodiment, specifically: the self-unloading battery device is a battery housing 2 with other parts equipped with a housing cooling device 5, the housing cooling device 5 is composed of air-cooled, electronic, liquid-cooled, etc., a temperature sensor 6 is installed on the battery assembly, and the electric car 20 is provided with a flame-retardant auxiliary battery 7 or a magnetic motion device and a controller 8, a battery positive contact sheet 4 and a battery negative contact sheet 401 are installed on the top of the battery housing 2, and a battery positioning and fixing box 9 is installed at the bottom of the car. The shape of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 is a trapezoidal box body, and the battery positioning and fixing box 9 is set to be small at the top and large at the bottom. The large part of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 is an opening, and the opening is the entrance for installing the battery;

[0020] In this embodiment, specifically: the self-unloading battery device is a battery positioning and fixing box 9 having a snap lock block 11 installed around the entrance. The snap lock block 11 is set to lock or stop the battery 1 from falling down after the battery 1 is installed. The snap lock block 11 is set to be inclined downward, so that the snap lock block 11 can automatically retract when the battery assembly rises and contacts the inclined surface. The snap lock block 11 is set to be flat upward, so that the battery assembly can be stopped or stuck after falling to the plane. The shape of the snap lock block 11 includes but is not limited to The buckle lock block 11 is limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, an italic body, an irregular body, a block, etc. The buckle lock block 11 includes but is not limited to a telescopic type, a rotating type, a flip type, etc. The technical purpose of the buckle lock block 11 invention is to fix the battery on the vehicle body after installation, and to fix or unload the battery assembly by controlling the movement of the buckle lock block 11. The movement of the buckle lock block 11 is controlled by mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic methods. The methods of fixing or unloading the battery assembly are mechanical, hydraulic, electronic, pneumatic, and magnetic;

[0021] In this embodiment, specifically: the self-unloading battery device is a battery positioning and fixing box 9, the top of which is provided with a battery positive electrode socket, a battery negative electrode socket, and a battery assembly presser 12, a positive electrode connection socket presser 10 is installed at the battery positive electrode socket, and a negative electrode connection socket presser 101 is installed at the battery negative electrode socket, and the movement of the battery assembly presser 12, the positive electrode connection socket presser 10, the negative electrode connection socket presser 101, and the buckle lock block 11 is controlled by the power of the controller 8, and the battery assembly presser 12 is installed by the battery assembly, and then compresses the remaining activity space of the battery 1 to achieve the effect of stabilizing the battery assembly, and the control force of the controller 8 includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electronic, pneumatic, and magnetic methods;

[0022] In this embodiment, specifically: the battery positioning device includes a front and rear wheel positioning device 13 of the electric car 20 or a battery positioning device 23 provided in the battery positioning fixing box 9, etc., when the two arms of the front and rear wheel positioning device 13 are opened between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle body, they respectively press against the front and rear wheels of the vehicle body to determine the position of the battery assembly of different models and the position of the battery replacement device at the same time, the battery positioning device 23 is a flat U-shaped shape, with blocks on three sides and only one side having an opening, and the opening is a trapezoidal eight-shaped opening is the entrance for installing the battery push, and there is no cover on the top and bottom. When the battery positioning device 23 extends out of the lower opening of the battery positioning fixing box 9 and protrudes from the vehicle body, the protruding part is used to locate the position of the replacement battery device to replace the battery assembly, or to manually use a handheld horizontal car repairer. The jack uses the battery positioning device 23 to position and replace the battery assembly, so as to achieve the technical purpose of replacing the battery assembly anywhere and simplifying and popularizing it. The dimensions of the empty space around the battery positioning device 23 are the same as the dimensions of the empty space around the battery positioning and fixing box 9. The purpose is that when the battery assembly is pushed into the battery from the U-shaped mouth of the battery positioning device 23, it can smoothly rise into the battery positioning and fixing box 9 after the battery is positioned. The battery positioning device 23 is retracted into or extended from the battery positioning and fixing box 9 in the following ways: mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic. The battery positioning device uses various methods at various parts of the vehicle body or outside the vehicle body to locate the battery position of different models. The positioning methods include but are not limited to mechanical, infrared, electric, ultrasonic, and magnetic;

[0023] In this embodiment, specifically: the battery replacement device is composed of a battery positioning device 23 and a universal moving device, the universal moving device includes an external controller 21, a universal coordinate moving bracket 14, a bracket cushion 15, a bracket universal wheel 16, a cross coordinate supporting moving platform 22, and a lift assembly 17, a cross coordinate supporting moving platform 22 is arranged on the lift assembly 17, a universal coordinate moving bracket 14 is arranged on the cross coordinate supporting moving platform 22, a bracket universal wheel 16 is installed below the universal coordinate moving bracket 14, a front and rear wheel positioning device 13 is arranged on the universal coordinate moving bracket 14, a bracket cushion 15 is arranged above the universal coordinate moving bracket 14, the movement of the universal coordinate moving bracket 14, the lift assembly 17, and the cross coordinate supporting moving platform 22 is controlled by the external controller 21 or manual control force, and the control force of the external controller 21 includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic methods. The battery replacement device includes an integrated device and a split device, and the battery replacement device includes but is not limited to a mechanical type, a hydraulic type, an electric type, a pneumatic type, and a magnetic type.

[0024] In this embodiment, specifically: the universal coordinate movable bracket 14 on the battery replacement device is rectangular, the placement direction of the universal coordinate movable bracket 14 is to be placed across the bottom of the vehicle body, the two ends of the width of the rectangle of the universal coordinate movable bracket 14 are below the door positions on both sides of the electric vehicle body, and there is a bracket cushion 15 on the rectangular surface of the universal coordinate movable bracket 14. The universal coordinate movable bracket 14 is provided with two areas, which are respectively an unloading area for unloading old battery components and an installation area for fully charged new battery components. When the battery positioning device 23 is used, the old battery component is lower than the protruding part of the battery positioning device 23, so that the old battery component can be quickly removed, and the new battery component is aligned with the U-shaped opening of the battery positioning device 23 to be parallel, so that the new battery component can be quickly entered. A battery fixing block 18 is installed in the installation area, and a battery positioning device 13 is installed next to the universal coordinate movable bracket 14. When the battery positioning device 13 is positioned, the universal coordinate movable bracket 14 is also moving and positioning at the same time;

[0025] In the present embodiment, specifically: the spontaneous combustion safety device is a self-unloading battery device that can quickly detach the battery assembly and drop it to the ground, so that the battery assembly is separated from the vehicle body. At the same time, the temporary power consumption of the electric vehicle 20 will be converted to the flame-retardant auxiliary battery 7, and then the electric vehicle 20 will be moved away from the place where the battery assembly falls and burns by the inertia of walking or the power of the flame-retardant auxiliary battery 7. In this way, the electric vehicle 20 will not burn and personal injury will not occur, and the purpose of the battery assembly spontaneous combustion safety device is achieved. A shell cooling device 5 is provided on the battery shell 2 to cool the battery assembly, and a temperature sensor 6 is installed on the battery assembly. The material of the battery shell 2 is a flame-retardant, explosion-proof and flame-proof shell, which improves the safety of spontaneous combustion of the battery assembly and achieves the purpose of the spontaneous combustion safety device.

[0026] Working principle or structural principle: First, when the battery assembly needs to be replaced, the position center data of the battery assembly is fixed on the universal coordinate mobile bracket 14. The fully charged battery assembly is already placed on the other side of the universal coordinate mobile bracket 14. When the electric car 20 replaces the battery assembly, the electric car 20 is driven onto the battery replacement device, and then the steering wheel is straightened. The battery replacement device is under the chassis of the electric car 20. The battery positioning device 13 is started to unfold and press against the front and rear wheels of the electric car 20. When the battery positioning device 13 is positioned, the universal coordinate mobile bracket 14 is moving and positioning at the same time. Due to the data fixed in advance on the universal coordinate mobile bracket 14, when the battery positioning device 13 is opened, the battery pack is already positioned. The position of the replacement part, press the button of the battery self-unloading controller 8 of the electric car 20, the controller 8 automatically or manually gives an instruction through the sensor to start the control force of the controller 8 (the control force includes but is not limited to mechanical force transmission, electric power transmission control, pneumatic force control, etc.) to retract the buckle lock block 11, and at the same time, the controller 8 uses power to loosen the positive connection jack clamp 10, the negative connection jack clamp 101, and the battery assembly clamp 12. Since the battery assembly is supported and fixed in the car by the upper plane of the buckle lock block 11 at the lower mouth of the battery positioning and fixing box 9, when the buckle lock block 11 is retracted, the battery assembly has no support point. Due to the weight of the battery assembly itself, it falls on the bracket cushion 15 of the battery mounting rack, and it only takes 1 second, and then slide The universal coordinate moving bracket 14 is moved, and the fully charged battery assembly already placed on the bracket is moved to the center of the battery positioning and fixing box 9. At the same time, the old battery assembly of the moving bracket is also moved out of the bottom of the vehicle. The moving time only takes 1 second. The lifting machine is automatically started continuously to push the battery assembly on the universal coordinate moving bracket 14 into the battery positioning and fixing box 9 of the electric car 20. Since the battery positioning and fixing box 9 is a trapezoidal box with a large lower opening and a small upper opening, the size of the upper opening on the top surface of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 matches the size of the battery assembly. If there is a deviation when the battery assembly rises, the trapezoidal inclined surface of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 will be used to correct and push the battery assembly to the predetermined top of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 for position matching, and the battery at the upper end of the battery assembly is positive. The positive contact piece 4 and the negative contact piece 401 of the battery will be aligned with the positive connection jack tightener 10 and the negative connection jack tightener 101 on the car and inserted into them. During the rising process of the battery assembly, the battery shell 2 and the lower support plate 3 of the battery shell will contact the inclined surface of the buckle lock block 11 at the same time, and the buckle lock block 11 will be retracted under the rising force of the universal coordinate moving bracket 14. When the battery assembly rises to a certain position, the buckle lock block 11 at the lower end of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 corresponds to the groove around the lower support plate 3 of the battery shell. The buckle lock block 11 is subjected to a spring or external force and pops out and extends into the groove around the lower support plate 3 of the battery shell. Since the upper surface of the buckle lock block 11 is a plane, when the battery assembly falls down, it is stopped by the buckle lock blocks 11 around it and does not fall down.Then, the controller 8 controls the battery component presser 12 at the top of the battery positioning and fixing box 9 to compress the remaining active space of the battery assembly so that the battery assembly is firmly fixed on the electric vehicle 20. The battery assembly installation process only takes 1 to 2 seconds. Then, the controller 8 starts the positive connection jack presser 10 and the negative connection jack presser 101 to press the battery positive contact sheet 4 and the battery negative contact sheet 401 of the battery assembly so that the positive and negative electrodes are tightly connected and energized. The time for replacing the battery assembly is at most 5 seconds, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid replacement.

[0027] When the battery positioning device 23 is used to replace the battery assembly, when the battery assembly falls off, the battery positioning device 23 will be affected by the gravity or external force of the battery assembly and fall down at the same time, and then get stuck at the lower opening of the battery positioning fixing box 9, extending out of the bottom of the electric car 20, and the protruding part is used to locate the position of the replacement battery device to replace the battery assembly, and then the battery device is slid to replace. Since the old battery assembly of the replacement battery device is lower than the protruding part of the battery positioning device 23, the new battery assembly is aligned with the U-shaped opening of the battery positioning device 23 and is parallel. The unloaded old battery assembly is moved out from the bottom of the battery positioning device 23, and the mobile bracket of the replacement battery device is filled with The new battery assembly is pushed into the U-shaped side opening of the battery positioning device 23 and pressed against the three U-shaped stopper walls, and is positioned by the three U-shaped stopper walls of the battery positioning device 23. Since the dimensions of the inner space of the battery positioning device 23 are the same as the dimensions of the inner space of the battery positioning and fixing box 9, the battery assembly can smoothly enter the battery positioning and fixing box 9 when it rises. At the same time, the battery assembly will support the upper end of the battery positioning device 23 or be retracted into the battery positioning and fixing box 9 by external force. The battery assembly is fixed by the above principle, or it can be manually positioned by a handheld horizontal jack for car repairs using the U-shaped shape of the battery positioning device 23 for replacement.

[0028] When the battery 1 is working, the shell cooling device 5 will cool the battery 1 to a qualified temperature, and a temperature sensor 6 is installed on the battery 1. When the temperature of the battery 1 cannot be controlled, the controller 8 will cut off the power supply, and the temporary power supply of the electric vehicle 20 will be converted to the flame-retardant auxiliary battery 7. If the temperature of the battery 1 can no longer be controlled or the battery 1 is short-circuited and burned, the controller 8 automatically or manually gives an instruction through the sensor to start the power of the controller 8 to retract the buckle lock block 11. At the same time, the controller 8 uses power to loosen the positive connection jack clamp 10 and the negative connection jack clamp 101, and the battery assembly clamp 12. Since the entire battery assembly is supported and fixed in the car by the buckle lock block 11 at the lower mouth of the battery positioning and fixing box 9, when the buckle lock block 11 is retracted. When the battery assembly has no supporting point, due to the weight of the battery assembly, the battery assembly will fall to the ground by its own weight, so that the battery assembly is separated from the body of the electric vehicle 20, and then the electric vehicle 20 is moved away from the place where the battery assembly falls and burns by the inertia of the electric vehicle 20 or the power of the flame-retardant auxiliary battery 7. In this way, the combustion of the battery 1 will not cause the electric vehicle 20 to burn and cause personal injury, thereby achieving the purpose of the battery 1 spontaneous combustion safety device. In addition, a shell cooling device 5 is provided on the battery shell 2 to cool the battery 1 and a temperature sensor 6 is installed on the battery 1. The material of the battery shell 2 is a flame-retardant, explosion-proof and flame-proof shell, which improves the safety of the battery 1 spontaneous combustion and achieves the purpose of the spontaneous combustion safety device.

[0029] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the principle and design spirit of the present invention, various deformations, improvements, modifications and substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-discharging battery replacement and self-ignition safety device for electric vehicles, comprising a self-discharging battery device, a battery replacement device, a battery positioning device, a vehicle body limiting frame (19), and an electric vehicle (20), characterized in that: The self-unloading battery device comprises a battery (1), a battery shell (2), a shell cooling device (5), a battery shell lower support plate (3), a battery positive electrode contact sheet (4), a battery negative electrode contact sheet (401), a flame retardant auxiliary battery (7), a battery self-unloading controller (8), a battery positioning and fixing box (9), a positive electrode connection jack tightener (10), a negative electrode connection jack tightener (101), a snap lock block (11), and a battery assembly tightener (12). The self-unloading battery device is at the bottom of an electric vehicle (20), the battery (1) is installed in the battery shell (2), and the battery shell (2) A battery positive contact sheet (4), a battery negative contact sheet (401) and a connecting line are arranged on the battery housing (2); a battery housing lower support plate (3) is arranged below the battery housing (2) to form a battery assembly; grooves corresponding to snap lock blocks (11) at the bottom of a battery positioning and fixing box (9) are arranged around the battery housing lower support plate (3); a self-unloading battery device is formed through the connection and fixing and detachment functions of the movable battery assembly and the battery positioning and fixing box (9); the battery assembly and the battery positioning and fixing box (9) are connected and fixed with snap lock blocks (11) of different shapes and fixed in different ways to form a whole.

2. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-unloading battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-unloading battery device is a battery housing (2) in which other parts are installed with a housing cooling device (5), and the housing cooling device (5) is composed of air cooling, electronic cooling, liquid cooling, etc. The battery assembly is installed with a temperature sensor (6), and the electric vehicle (20) is provided with a flame-retardant auxiliary battery (7) or a magnetic motion device and a controller (8). The top of the battery housing (2) is installed with a battery positive contact sheet (4) and a battery negative contact sheet (401), and the battery positioning and fixing box (9) is installed at the bottom of the vehicle. The shape of the battery positioning and fixing box (9) is a trapezoidal box body, and the battery positioning and fixing box (9) is arranged to be small at the top and large at the bottom. The large part at the bottom of the battery positioning and fixing box (9) is an opening, and the opening is an inlet for installing the battery.

3. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-unloading battery device is a battery positioning and fixing box (9) having snap lock blocks (11) installed around the entrance. The snap lock blocks (11) are arranged to lock or stop the battery from falling down after the battery is installed. The snap lock blocks (11) are arranged to be inclined downward, so that the snap lock blocks (11) can automatically retract when the battery assembly rises and contacts the inclined surface. The snap lock blocks (11) are arranged to be flat upward, so that the battery assembly can be stopped or locked after falling down. The shape of the snap lock blocks (11) includes but is not limited to The buckle lock block (11) includes but is not limited to a telescopic type, a rotating type, a flip type, etc. The technical purpose of the buckle lock block (11) is to fix the battery on the vehicle body after installation, and to fix or unload the battery assembly by controlling the movement of the buckle lock block (11). The movement mode of controlling the buckle lock block (11) includes mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic modes. The mode of fixing or unloading the battery assembly includes mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic modes.

4. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-unloading battery device is a battery positioning and fixing box (9) having a battery positive electrode socket, a battery negative electrode socket, and a battery assembly presser (12) on the top. The positive electrode socket of the battery is installed with a positive electrode connection jack presser (10), and the negative electrode socket of the battery is installed with a negative electrode connection jack presser (101). The movement of the battery assembly presser (12), the positive electrode connection jack presser (10), the negative electrode connection jack presser (101), and the snap lock block (11) is controlled by the power of the controller (8). The battery assembly presser (12) is installed by compressing the remaining activity space of the battery (1) to achieve the effect of stabilizing the battery assembly. The control force of the controller (8) includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic methods.

5. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The battery positioning device comprises a front and rear wheel positioning device (13) of the electric vehicle (20) or a battery positioning device (23) provided in a battery positioning fixing box (9), etc. When the two arms of the front and rear wheel positioning device (13) are opened between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle body, they respectively press against the front and rear wheels of the vehicle body to determine the position of the battery assembly of different vehicle models and the position of the battery device for simultaneous movement and replacement. The battery positioning device (23) is in a flat U-shaped shape, with blocks on three sides and only one side having an opening, and the opening is a trapezoidal eight-shaped opening which is an inlet for installing the battery pusher, and has no upper or lower cover. When the battery positioning device (23) extends out of the lower opening of the battery positioning fixing box (9) and protrudes out of the vehicle body, the protruding part is used to The battery assembly can be replaced by locating the position of the battery replacement device, or by manually using a handheld horizontal jack for repairing a car, through the battery positioning device (23), the battery assembly can be replaced anywhere and the technical purpose of simplification and popularization can be achieved. The dimensions of the empty space around the battery positioning device (23) are the same as the dimensions of the empty space around the battery positioning and fixing box (9). The purpose is that when the battery is pushed from the U-shaped opening of the battery positioning device (23), it can smoothly rise into the battery positioning and fixing box (9) after positioning. The battery positioning device (23) can be retracted into or extended from the battery positioning and fixing box (9) in the following ways: mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic. The battery positioning device can locate the battery position of different models in various ways at various parts of the vehicle body or outside the vehicle body. The positioning methods include but are not limited to mechanical, infrared, electric, ultrasonic, and magnetic.

6. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The battery replacement device is composed of a battery positioning device (23) and a universal moving device, wherein the universal moving device comprises an external controller (21), a universal coordinate moving bracket (14), a bracket cushion (15), bracket universal wheels (16), a cross coordinate supporting moving platform (22), and an elevator assembly (17). The elevator assembly (17) is provided with a cross coordinate supporting moving platform (22), the cross coordinate supporting moving platform (22) is provided with a universal coordinate moving bracket (14), the bracket universal wheels (16) are installed below the universal coordinate moving bracket (14), and the universal coordinate moving bracket (22) is provided with a universal coordinate supporting moving platform (22). 14) is provided with a front and rear wheel positioning device (13), a bracket cushion (15) is provided above the universal coordinate moving bracket (14), the movement of the universal coordinate moving bracket (14), the elevator assembly (17), and the cross coordinate supporting moving platform (22) is controlled by an external controller (21) or manual control force, the control force of the external controller (21) includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic control methods, the battery replacement device includes an integrated device and a split device, and the battery replacement device includes but is not limited to mechanical, hydraulic, electric, pneumatic, and magnetic control methods.

7. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The universal coordinate movable bracket (14) on the battery replacement device is rectangular, and the placement direction of the universal coordinate movable bracket (14) is to be placed across the bottom of the vehicle body, and the two ends of the width of the rectangle of the universal coordinate movable bracket (14) are below the door positions on both sides of the electric vehicle body, and a bracket cushion (15) is provided on the rectangular surface of the universal coordinate movable bracket (14). The universal coordinate movable bracket (14) is provided with two areas, which are respectively a discharge area for unloading old battery components and a discharge area for charging fully. The invention relates to an installation area for a new battery assembly. When the battery positioning device (23) is used, the old battery assembly is lower than the protruding part of the battery positioning device (23), so that the old battery assembly can be quickly removed. The new battery assembly is aligned with the U-shaped opening of the battery positioning device (23) and is parallel to the new battery assembly, so that the new battery assembly can be quickly inserted. The installation area is equipped with a battery fixing block (18). The battery positioning device (13) is installed next to the universal coordinate moving bracket (14). When the battery positioning device (13) is positioned, the universal coordinate moving bracket (14) is also moved and positioned.

8. The replacement and spontaneous combustion safety device for the self-discharging battery of an electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spontaneous combustion safety device is a self-unloading battery device that quickly detaches the battery assembly and drops it to the ground, thereby separating the battery assembly from the vehicle body. At the same time, the temporary power of the electric vehicle (20) is converted to the flame-retardant auxiliary battery (7). The electric vehicle (20) is then moved away from the place where the battery assembly burns and falls by the inertial force of walking or the power of the flame-retardant auxiliary battery (7). In this way, the electric vehicle (20) will not burn or cause personal injury, thereby achieving the purpose of the battery (1) spontaneous combustion safety device. The battery housing (2) is provided with a housing cooling device (5) for cooling the battery assembly. A temperature sensor (6) is installed on the battery assembly. The material of the battery housing (2) is flame-retardant, explosion-proof and flame-proof material, which can improve the safety of the battery assembly from spontaneous combustion, thereby achieving the purpose of the spontaneous combustion safety device.

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