Multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders. An oil storage tank communicates with a cylinder body through an oil pipe, a stroke regulation and control assembly is installed at one end of a first stroke push rod, a retraction control piston and an oil push piston plate move oppositely, and the retraction control piston is arranged in a retraction air guide pipeline in a sliding mode; the retraction air guide pipeline communicates with the first ventilation pipe through a second ventilation pipe, a through-flow cooling cavity channel coaxial with the cylinder body wall is formed in the cylinder body wall, the through-flow cooling cavity channel communicates with the first hollow ring, and the axial through-flow pipe communicates between the through-flow cooling cavity channel and the first hollow ring. When the stroke of the whole hydraulic cylinder needs to be changed, the arc-shaped blocking plate and the corresponding oil through hole are staggered by rotating the stroke control rod, hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the first stroke push rod can push the second stroke mechanism, and rapid switching among different strokes can be met through the stroke control mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders, and in particular relates to a multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic cylinder is an actuator that can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. Its stroke mainly refers to the position difference between the piston rod being fully extended and fully retracted. Generally, the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder is fixed. In some specific implementation environments, the hydraulic cylinder is required to provide multi-stroke functions to meet the needs of special implementation environments.

[0003] In the prior art, the commonly used method is to change the installation position of the hydraulic cylinder through a gasket or a pad to achieve the purpose of adjusting the hydraulic stroke. Although this method of adjusting the stroke by moving the entire hydraulic cylinder can achieve the purpose of adjusting the stroke, the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is still fixed after adjustment, and it cannot meet the rapid switching between different strokes, which leads to low efficiency of hydraulic cylinder stroke adjustment. To this end, we provide a multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder, which solves the problems in the above-mentioned background technology through the specific structural design of the hydraulic control mechanism, the first stroke mechanism, the second stroke mechanism and the opening and closing control mechanism.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The hydraulic cylinder of the present invention comprises a hydraulic control mechanism, the hydraulic control mechanism comprises an oil storage tank and a cylinder body located above the hydraulic control mechanism, the oil storage tank and the cylinder body are connected by an oil through pipe, a first hollow ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cylinder body, the first hollow ring and the oil storage tank are connected by a first ventilation pipe; a No. 1 stroke mechanism, the No. 1 stroke mechanism is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body and the two are coaxially arranged, the No. 1 stroke mechanism comprises a No. 1 stroke push rod, one end of the No. 1 stroke push rod is equipped with a stroke control component for controlling the communication between the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod and the inner cavity of the cylinder body, one end of the stroke control component slides through the outside of the cylinder body; and a No. 2 stroke mechanism, the No. 2 stroke mechanism is slidably arranged inside the No. 1 stroke push rod and the two are coaxially arranged, the inner cavity of the cylinder body slides The cam is provided with an oil pushing piston plate, and the second stroke mechanism includes a retraction control piston which moves synchronously with the oil pushing piston plate, and the retraction control piston and the oil pushing piston plate move toward each other; a retraction air guide pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the oil storage tank, and the retraction control piston is slidably arranged inside the retraction air guide pipe, and the retraction air guide pipe is connected to the first ventilation pipe through the second ventilation pipe; a flow and cooling cavity coaxial with the cylinder body wall is opened, and the flow and cooling cavity is connected to the first hollow ring; an opening and closing control mechanism is rotatably installed on the cylinder body, and the opening and closing control mechanism includes an axial flow pipe which is connected between the flow and cooling cavity and the first hollow ring. In the process of pushing the hydraulic oil by the movement of the oil pushing piston plate, the airflow flowing through the flow and cooling cavity realizes the cooling of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder body.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the hydraulic control mechanism also includes a cylinder mounting frame, a tank mounting frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder mounting frame, the cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the cylinder mounting frame, the oil storage tank is fixedly mounted on the top of the oil tank mounting frame, a first limiting ring close to the first ventilation pipe is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the oil storage tank, a guide plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the oil storage tank, a tube body support seat is fixedly arranged on the guide plate and the oil tank mounting frame, and the retraction air guide duct is fixedly mounted between the two tube body support seats.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that a first exhaust pipe is connected to a side of the oil storage tank away from the guide plate, a second exhaust pipe is connected to a side surface of the second ventilation pipe, a first solenoid valve is installed on the side surface of the oil pipe, a second solenoid valve is installed on the side surface of the first ventilation pipe, a third solenoid valve is installed on the side surface of the first exhaust pipe, a fourth solenoid valve located between the second exhaust pipe and the first ventilation pipe is installed on the side surface of the second ventilation pipe, and a fifth solenoid valve is installed on the side surface of the second exhaust pipe.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the No. 1 stroke mechanism also includes a first piston part fixedly connected to the No. 1 stroke push rod, a second limit ring is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod, and the stroke control assembly includes a stroke control ring fixedly arranged on the first piston part, the stroke control ring and the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod are connected through an oil passage, two oil holes are symmetrically opened on the circumferential side of the stroke control ring, a support plate is rotatably arranged inside the stroke control ring, an arc-shaped sealing plate corresponding to the oil holes is fixedly arranged on one side of the support plate, and a stroke control rod extending to the outside of the cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the other side of the support plate, and the sealing plate fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body is axially slidably matched with the stroke control rod.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the No. 2 stroke mechanism also includes a No. 2 stroke push rod slidably fitted inside the No. 1 stroke push rod, one end of the No. 2 stroke push rod is fixedly provided with a second piston portion slidably fitted in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod, the surface of the oil storage tank is fitted with a linkage frame slidably fitted with a guide plate, one side of the linkage frame is fixedly sleeved on the No. 2 stroke push rod, and the other side of the linkage frame is fixedly provided with a moving portion slidably fitted with a limiting groove on the retraction air guide pipe, the retraction control piston is fixedly connected to the moving portion, and the outer wall of the retraction air guide pipe is slidably fitted with an axial sealing plate fixedly connected to the moving portion.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a second hollow ring with an arc-shaped structure is fixedly provided on the inner side of the cylinder mounting frame, the inner wall of the second hollow ring is fitted with the outer wall of the cylinder body, the top of the oil passage pipe is fixedly connected to the second hollow ring and the two are communicated with, the cylinder body and the second hollow ring are communicated with each other through a first oil passage, and the first oil passage is coaxially arranged with the oil passage pipe, a third limiting ring and a fourth limiting ring are fixedly provided inside the cylinder body respectively, an air vent connected thereto is provided at the end of the retraction air guide duct, a first air inlet connected to the flow and cooling cavity is provided on the peripheral side of the cylinder body, an air inlet joint connected thereto is installed on the peripheral side of the first hollow ring, a first arc slide is provided on the peripheral side of the first hollow ring, and a second arc slide that penetrates into the first hollow ring is provided on one side of the cylinder mounting frame.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the opening and closing control mechanism also includes a third hollow ring rotatably engaged with the inside of the first hollow ring, the third hollow ring circumferential side surface is provided with a second air inlet and a third air inlet connected thereto, the third hollow ring is fixed with a partition plate located on both sides of the third air inlet, the third hollow ring is fixed with a connecting piece slidably engaged with the inside of the first arcuate slideway on the circumferential side surface, and an arcuate outer toothed ring fixed to the connecting piece is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the first hollow ring; the cylinder body is provided with a fourth hollow ring rotatably engaged with the curved mounting groove on the cylinder body mounting frame, the fourth hollow ring inner wall is provided with a fourth air inlet connected thereto, the axial flow pipe is connected and fixed between the third hollow ring and the fourth hollow ring, the axial flow pipe is slidably engaged with the inside of the second arcuate slideway, a sealing ring is rotatably engaged with the inside of the second hollow ring, the sealing ring and the fourth hollow ring are connected by an axial fixing rod, and a second oil opening is provided on the circumferential side surface of the sealing ring.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the passage control mechanism also includes a passage control frame fixed between the first hollow ring and the oil tank mounting frame, a guide rod is fixedly arranged at the top of the passage control frame, a trigger disk is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the guide rod, a vertical meshing portion sleeved on the guide rod is slidably arranged inside the passage control frame, the vertical meshing portion meshes with the arc-shaped outer gear ring, an elastic element connected to the vertical meshing portion is arranged at the top of the passage control frame, a magnetic plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vertical meshing portion, the electromagnet installed at the bottom of the passage control frame magnetically repels from the permanent magnet at the bottom of the magnetic plate, and a pressure sensor is installed at the top of the magnetic plate.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In the initial state of the present invention, the arc-shaped blocking plate blocks the corresponding oil through hole, which can prevent the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body from flowing into the stroke control ring through the oil through hole. When the stroke of the entire hydraulic cylinder needs to be changed, the arc-shaped blocking plate and the corresponding oil through hole can be misaligned by rotating the stroke control rod. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body can pass through the oil through hole, the stroke control ring and the oil through cavity in turn into the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod. The hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod can push the No. 2 stroke mechanism. This stroke control method can meet the rapid switching between different strokes, thereby improving the efficiency of the hydraulic cylinder stroke adjustment.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, during the sliding process of the retraction control piston along the inner wall of the retraction air duct, the axial sealing plate gradually realizes the sealing of the limit groove within the moving range of the retraction control piston, thereby effectively preventing the airflow entering the retraction air duct through the second ventilation pipe from flowing out along the limit groove, thereby causing the problem that the retraction control piston cannot be pushed to move by the airflow.

[0017] When the hydraulic stroke of the entire hydraulic cylinder needs to be changed, the stroke regulating rod is rotated to make the arc-shaped sealing plate and the corresponding oil through hole misaligned. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body can enter the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod through the oil through hole, the stroke regulating ring and the oil through cavity in turn. The hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod can realize the pushing of the second piston part. While the hydraulic oil entering the cylinder body realizes the pushing of the first piston part, the hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod pushes the second piston part, thereby realizing the relative movement between the No. 1 stroke push rod and the No. 2 stroke push rod until the No. 1 stroke push rod and the No. 2 stroke push rod complete the extension and complete another hydraulic stroke. In the process of controlling the No. 2 stroke push rod to retract, the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod is pushed back into the cylinder body through the second piston part, and then the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body is pushed back to the oil storage tank through the first piston part, so that the No. 1 stroke push rod and the No. 2 stroke push rod can be fully retracted.

[0018] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Longitudinal structural section view.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure at point A.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure at point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic control mechanism in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Side view of the structure.

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0028] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Longitudinal structural section view.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a structural sectional view of the No. 1 stroke mechanism in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C in the middle.

[0031] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the No. 2 stroke mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the opening and closing control mechanism in the present invention.

[0033] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Side view of the structure.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0035] 1-hydraulic control mechanism, 101-oil storage tank, 102-cylinder body, 103-oil pipe, 104-first hollow ring, 105-first ventilation pipe, 106-oil pushing piston plate, 107-retraction air guide pipe, 108-second ventilation pipe, 109-flow cooling cavity, 110-cylinder body mounting frame, 111-oil tank mounting frame, 112-first limit ring, 113-guide plate, 114-tube body support seat, 115-first exhaust pipe, 116-second exhaust pipe, 117-first solenoid valve, 118-second solenoid valve, 119-third solenoid valve, 120-fourth solenoid valve, 121-fifth solenoid valve, 122-sealed disk, 123-limiting groove, 124-second hollow ring, 125-first oil passage, 126-third limiting ring, 127-fourth limiting ring, 128-air release port, 129-first air inlet, 130-air inlet joint, 131-first arc slide, 132-second arc slide, 133-curved surface Mounting groove, 2-No. 1 stroke mechanism, 201-No. 1 stroke push rod, 202-first piston part, 203-second limit ring, 204-stroke control ring, 205-oil passage, 206-oil hole, 207-support plate, 208-arc sealing plate, 209-stroke control rod, 3-No. 2 stroke mechanism, 301-retraction control piston, 302-No. 2 stroke push rod, 303-second piston part, 304-linkage frame, 305-moving part, 306-axial Sealed plate, 4-opening and closing control mechanism, 401-axial flow tube, 402-third hollow ring, 403-third air inlet, 404-connecting piece, 405-arc-shaped outer tooth ring, 406-fourth hollow ring, 407-fourth air inlet, 408-sealing ring, 409-axial fixing rod, 410-second oil passage, 411-opening and closing control frame, 412-guide rod, 413-trigger disk, 414-vertical meshing part, 415-elastic element, 416-magnetic plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] For specific embodiment 1, please refer to Figure 1-14The present invention is a multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder, comprising a hydraulic control mechanism 1, a first stroke mechanism 2 and a second stroke mechanism 3; the hydraulic control mechanism 1 comprises an oil storage tank 101 and a cylinder body 102 located above the oil storage tank 101, the oil storage tank 101 and the cylinder body 102 are connected by an oil pipe 103, a first hollow ring 104 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cylinder body 102, and the first hollow ring 104 is connected to the oil storage tank 101 by a first ventilation pipe 105; the first stroke mechanism 2 is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body 102 and the two are coaxially arranged, and the first stroke mechanism 2 comprises A stroke push rod 201 is provided at one end thereof with a stroke control assembly for controlling the inner cavity of the stroke push rod 201 to be connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder 102, and one end of the stroke control assembly slides through the outside of the cylinder 102; a stroke mechanism 3 is slidably arranged inside the stroke push rod 201 and the two are coaxially arranged, an oil pushing piston plate 106 is slidably arranged inside the cylinder 102, and the stroke mechanism 3 includes a retraction control piston 301 that moves synchronously with the oil pushing piston plate 106, and the retraction control piston 301 and the oil pushing piston plate 106 move toward each other;

[0038] A retraction air duct 107 is fixedly installed on one side of the oil storage tank 101, and the retraction control piston 301 is slidably arranged inside the retraction air duct 107. The retraction air duct 107 is connected to the first ventilation pipe 105 through the second ventilation pipe 108. A flow and cooling cavity 109 coaxial with the cylinder body 102 is opened in the wall of the cylinder body 102, and the flow and cooling cavity 109 is connected to the first hollow ring 104. A closing control mechanism 4 is rotatably installed on the cylinder body 102. The closing control mechanism 4 includes an axial flow tube 401 connected between the flow and cooling cavity 109 and the first hollow ring 104. In the process of pushing the hydraulic oil by moving the oil pushing piston plate 106, the airflow flowing through the flow and cooling cavity 109 realizes the cooling of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder body 102.

[0039] In this embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic control mechanism 1 further comprises a cylinder mounting frame 110, a tank mounting frame 111 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder mounting frame 110, the cylinder 102 is fixedly mounted inside the cylinder mounting frame 110, the oil storage tank 101 is fixedly mounted on the top of the oil storage tank mounting frame 111, and a first limiting ring 112 close to the first ventilation pipe 105 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the oil storage tank 101. In the initial state, the oil pushing piston plate 106 is attached to one side of the first limiting ring 112. Fig. 9 As shown, a guide plate 113 is fixedly provided on one side of the oil storage tank 101 , a tube body support seat 114 is fixedly provided on the guide plate 113 and the oil tank mounting frame 111 , and the retractable air guide duct 107 is fixedly installed between the two tube body support seats 114 .

[0040] A first exhaust pipe 115 is connected to the side of the oil storage tank 101 away from the guide plate 113, a second exhaust pipe 116 is connected to the side of the second ventilation pipe 108, a first solenoid valve 117 is installed on the side of the oil pipe 103, a second solenoid valve 118 is installed on the side of the first ventilation pipe 105, a third solenoid valve 119 is installed on the side of the first exhaust pipe 115, a fourth solenoid valve 120 is installed on the side of the second ventilation pipe 108 and is located between the second exhaust pipe 116 and the first ventilation pipe 105, and a fifth solenoid valve is installed on the side of the second exhaust pipe 116. 121; during the process of the oil pushing piston plate 106 moving along the inside of the oil storage tank 101 to disengage from the first limiting ring 112 to squeeze the hydraulic oil, the first solenoid valve 117 and the second solenoid valve 118 are both in an open state, while the third solenoid valve 119, the fourth solenoid valve 120 and the fifth solenoid valve 121 are all in a closed state; during the process of the oil pushing piston plate 106 moving in the opposite direction for resetting, the first solenoid valve 117, the third solenoid valve 119 and the fourth solenoid valve 120 are all in an open state, while the second solenoid valve 118 and the fifth solenoid valve 121 are all in a closed state.

[0041] In this embodiment of the present invention, the No. 1 stroke mechanism 2 also includes a first piston part 202 fixedly connected to the No. 1 stroke push rod 201, a second limit ring 203 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201, and the stroke control component includes a stroke control ring 204 fixedly arranged on the first piston part 202, the stroke control ring 204 is connected to the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 through an oil passage 205, two oil holes 206 are symmetrically opened on the side surface of the stroke control ring 204, a support plate 207 is rotatably arranged inside the stroke control ring 204, an arc-shaped sealing plate 208 corresponding to the oil holes 206 is fixedly arranged on one side of the support plate 207, and a stroke control rod 209 extending to the outside of the cylinder body 102 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the support plate 207, and the inner wall of the cylinder body 102 is fixedly provided. The sealed disk 122 is arranged to be axially slidably matched with the stroke control rod 209 (sealed sliding match). In the initial state, the arc-shaped sealing plate 208 blocks the corresponding oil hole 206, which can prevent the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102 from flowing into the stroke control ring 204 through the oil hole 206. When it is necessary to change the stroke of the entire hydraulic cylinder, the stroke control rod 209 can be rotated to make the arc-shaped sealing plate 208 and the corresponding oil hole 206 misaligned (that is, the blockage of the oil hole 206 is released). At this time, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102 can pass through the oil hole 206, the stroke control ring 204 and the oil passage 205 in turn to enter the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201. The hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 can realize the pushing of the No. 2 stroke mechanism 3.

[0042] In this embodiment of the present invention, the second stroke mechanism 3 also includes a second stroke push rod 302 that is slidably fitted inside the first stroke push rod 201, and one end of the second stroke push rod 302 is fixedly provided with a second piston portion 303 that is slidably fitted in the inner cavity of the first stroke push rod 201. In the initial state, the entire hydraulic cylinder is in a retracted state. At this time, the second piston portion 303 is fitted on the inner end portion of the inner cavity of the first stroke push rod 201 close to the first piston portion 202, and the surface of the oil storage tank 101 is fitted with a linkage frame 304 that is slidably fitted with the guide plate 113. One side of the linkage frame 304 is fixedly sleeved on the second stroke push rod 302 (to ensure the synchronous movement between the second stroke push rod 302 and the linkage frame 304), and the other side of the linkage frame 304 is fixedly provided with a The limiting groove 123 on the air guide duct 107 is slidably matched with the moving part 305, and the retraction control piston 301 is fixedly connected to the moving part 305. The outer wall of the retraction air guide duct 107 is slidably fitted with an axial sealing plate 306 fixedly connected to the moving part 305, and the axial sealing plate 306 is used to seal the limiting groove 123. That is, in the process of the retraction control piston 301 sliding along the inner wall of the retraction air guide duct 107, the sealing of the limiting groove 123 within the moving range of the retraction control piston 301 is gradually achieved through the axial sealing plate 306, thereby effectively preventing the airflow entering the retraction air guide duct 107 through the second ventilation pipe 108 from flowing out along the limiting groove 123, thereby causing the problem that the retraction control piston 301 cannot be pushed to move by the airflow.

[0043] In the initial state, the entire hydraulic cylinder is in a retracted state. At this time, the second piston portion 303 is attached to the inner end portion of the first piston portion 202 in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201. The first piston portion 202 is located at the initial position on the left side of the cylinder body 102. The first solenoid valve 117, the second solenoid valve 118 and the fifth solenoid valve 121 are all in an open state, and the fourth solenoid valve 120 and the third solenoid valve 119 are all in a closed state. By introducing air flow into the first hollow ring 104, the air flow flows into the flow and cooling cavity 109 along the axial flow pipe 401. The air flow entering the flow and cooling cavity 109 flows from the left side to the right side to achieve internal cooling of the cylinder body 102 (such as Fig. 9As shown), the air flow in the cooling cavity 109 then flows along the first ventilation pipe 105 into the oil storage tank 101 to push the oil pushing piston plate 106. During the movement of the oil pushing piston plate 106, the hydraulic oil in the oil storage tank 101 is pushed into the cylinder body 102 along the oil passage 103. The hydraulic oil entering the cylinder body 102 generates a thrust on the first piston part 202, so that the entire No. 1 stroke mechanism 2 moves forward until the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 is fully extended to complete a hydraulic stroke. During the entire forward extension movement, the No. 2 stroke mechanism 3 moves synchronously with the No. 1 stroke mechanism 2 (no relative movement occurs between the No. 2 stroke mechanism 3 and the No. 1 stroke mechanism 2). When the oil pushing piston plate 106 moves, the hydraulic oil in the oil storage tank 101 is pushed along the oil passage 103 into the cylinder body 102. The hydraulic oil entering the cylinder body 102 generates a thrust on the first piston part 202. During the process of hydraulic oil, the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 pushes the No. 2 stroke push rod 302 to move synchronously, and the retraction control piston 301 that moves synchronously with the No. 2 stroke push rod 302 slides along the inner wall of the retraction air duct 107, so that the air in the retraction air duct 107 is pushed and discharged along the second exhaust pipe 116. After the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 is fully extended, the controller controls the third solenoid valve 119 to open, the first solenoid valve 117 to close, and the fifth solenoid valve 121 to close, and then the air flow entering the oil storage tank 101 is discharged along the first exhaust pipe 115. In this way, the continuous cooling of the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102 is achieved by the air flow that continuously flows through the through-flow cooling cavity 109. When it is necessary to achieve the retraction of the entire hydraulic cylinder During resetting, the controller controls the second solenoid valve 118 to close, the first solenoid valve 117 to open, and the fourth solenoid valve 120 to open. Subsequently, the air flow entering the first ventilation pipe 105 follows the second ventilation pipe 108 into the retraction air guide pipe 107 to push the retraction control piston 301, so that the retraction control piston 301 moves along the inner wall of the retraction air guide pipe 107 in a direction away from the second ventilation pipe 108. In this process, the axial sealing plate 306 gradually blocks the limiting groove 123, which can effectively prevent the air flow entering the retraction air guide pipe 107 from flowing out along the limiting groove 123. The No. 2 stroke push rod 302, which moves synchronously with the linkage frame 304, pushes the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 to move to the initial position. During the process, the first piston part 202 pushes the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102, so that the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102 flows back into the oil storage tank 101 along the oil passage 103, and the hydraulic oil flowing back into the oil storage tank 101 pushes the oil push piston plate 106 in the opposite direction until the oil push piston plate 106 is re-attached to the first limit ring 112. At this time, the entire hydraulic cylinder returns to its initial retracted state. During the movement and reset process of the oil push piston plate 106, the air in the oil storage tank 101 is pushed, so that the air in the oil storage tank 101 is discharged along the first exhaust pipe 115. Subsequently, the controller controls the fourth solenoid valve 120 to close, the second solenoid valve 118 to open, the third solenoid valve 119 to close, and the fifth solenoid valve 121 to open.

[0044] When it is necessary to change the hydraulic stroke of the entire hydraulic cylinder, the stroke control rod 209 is rotated to make the arc-shaped sealing plate 208 and the corresponding oil hole 206 misaligned (that is, the blockage of the oil hole 206 is released). At this time, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102 can pass through the oil hole 206, the stroke control ring 204 and the oil passage 205 in sequence to enter the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201. The hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 can push the second piston part 303. While the hydraulic oil entering the cylinder body 102 pushes the first piston part 202, the hydraulic oil entering the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 pushes the second piston part 303, thereby realizing the effect of No. 1 stroke push rod 201 and No. 2 stroke push rod 201. The relative movement between the No. 1 stroke push rod 302 is carried out until the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 and the No. 2 stroke push rod 302 are completely extended to complete another hydraulic stroke, and in the process of controlling the No. 2 stroke push rod 302 to retract, the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 is pushed back into the cylinder body 102 through the second piston part 303, and then the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 102 is pushed back into the oil storage tank 101 through the first piston part 202, so that the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 and the No. 2 stroke push rod 302 can be completely retracted, and other operations during the extension and retraction movements of the No. 1 stroke push rod 201 and the No. 2 stroke push rod 302 are the same as the control process when the above-mentioned oil hole 206 is in a blocked state.

[0045] Specific embodiment 2, on the basis of specific embodiment 1, a second hollow ring 124 with an arc-shaped structure is fixedly provided on the inner side of the cylinder mounting frame 110, the inner wall of the second hollow ring 124 is fitted with the outer wall of the cylinder 102, the top of the oil pipe 103 is fixedly connected to the second hollow ring 124 and the two are connected, the cylinder 102 and the second hollow ring 124 are connected through a first oil port 125, and the first oil port 125 is coaxially arranged with the oil pipe 103, a third limiting ring 126 and a fourth limiting ring 127 are fixedly provided inside the cylinder 102, the first piston part 202 in the initial state is fitted on one side of the third limiting ring 126, and the first piston part 202 is fitted on one side of the fourth limiting ring 127 when the first stroke push rod 201 is fully extended, the end of the retraction air guide pipe 107 is provided with an air vent 128 connected thereto, and the retraction control in the initial state The control piston 301 is fitted on the inner end of the retraction air duct 107 near the air vent 128. When the air flow entering the retraction air duct 107 from the second air vent 108 pushes the retraction control piston 301, the retraction control piston 301 moves along the inner wall of the retraction air duct 107 away from the second air vent 108 until the retraction control piston 301 returns to the initial position. At this time, the air flow entering the retraction air duct 107 can be discharged along the air vent 128. A first air inlet 129 connected to the flow and cooling cavity 109 is provided on the side surface of the cylinder body 102, an air inlet joint 130 connected to the first hollow ring 104 is installed on the side surface thereof, a first arc-shaped slide 131 is provided on the side surface of the first hollow ring 104, and a second arc-shaped slide 132 penetrating into the first hollow ring 104 is provided on one side of the cylinder body mounting frame 110.

[0046] In this embodiment of the present invention, the on-off control mechanism 4 also includes a third hollow ring 402 that is rotatably engaged with the inside of the first hollow ring 104, and a second air inlet and a third air inlet 403 that are connected thereto are provided on the circumferential side of the third hollow ring 402, and partition plates located on both sides of the third air inlet 403 are fixed inside the third hollow ring 402 (to ensure that the air flow entering the third hollow ring 402 can only enter the axial flow tube 401), a connector 404 that is slidably engaged with the inside of the first arc-shaped slideway 131 is fixed on the circumferential side of the third hollow ring 402, and an arc fixed to the connector 404 is slidably engaged with the outer wall of the first hollow ring 104. shaped outer gear ring 405; the cylinder body 102 is externally sleeved with a fourth hollow ring 406 which is rotatably matched with the curved mounting groove 133 on the cylinder body mounting frame 110, the inner wall of the fourth hollow ring 406 is provided with a fourth air inlet 407 connected thereto, the axial flow tube 401 is connected and fixed between the third hollow ring 402 and the fourth hollow ring 406, the axial flow tube 401 is slidably matched inside the second arc-shaped slideway 132, and a sealing ring 408 is rotatably matched inside the second hollow ring 124, the sealing ring 408 and the fourth hollow ring 406 are connected by an axial fixing rod 409, and a second oil through port 410 is provided on the side surface of the sealing ring 408.

[0047] In this embodiment of the present invention, the opening and closing control mechanism 4 also includes an opening and closing control frame 411 fixed between the first hollow ring 104 and the oil tank mounting frame 111, a guide rod 412 is fixedly arranged at the top of the opening and closing control frame 411, a trigger disk 413 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the guide rod 412, a vertical meshing portion 414 sleeved on the guide rod 412 is slidably arranged inside the opening and closing control frame 411, the vertical meshing portion 414 is meshed with the arc-shaped outer gear ring 405, an elastic element 415 connected to the vertical meshing portion 414 is arranged at the top of the opening and closing control frame 411, a magnetic plate 416 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vertical meshing portion 414, the electromagnet installed at the bottom of the opening and closing control frame 411 and the permanent magnet at the bottom of the magnetic plate 416 magnetically repel each other, and the top of the magnetic plate 416 A pressure sensor is installed; in the initial state, the magnetic plate 416 is attached to the bottom of the opening and closing control frame 411, the vertical meshing portion 414 is in meshing state with the arc-shaped outer toothed ring 405, the elastic element 415 is in a compressed state, the second air inlet is misaligned with the air inlet joint 130, the third air inlet 403 is misaligned with the first ventilation pipe 105, the fourth air inlet 407 is misaligned with the first air inlet 129, and the second oil port 410 is misaligned with the first oil port 125. When the hydraulic cylinder needs to work, the controller controls the electromagnet at the bottom of the opening and closing control frame 411 to energize the magnet to generate an upward magnetic repulsive force on the magnetic plate 416, so that the vertical meshing portion 414 moves upward to drive the arc-shaped outer toothed ring 405 to rotate clockwise (such as Fig.14As shown), until the trigger disk 413 is pressed against the top of the magnetic plate 416, at this time, the second air inlet is aligned with the air inlet connector 130, the third air inlet 403 is aligned with the first ventilation pipe 105, the second oil outlet 410 is aligned with the first oil outlet 125, and the fourth air inlet 407 is aligned with the first air inlet 129. The controller receives the pressure signal from the pressure sensor and controls the air inlet connector 130 (the air inlet connector 130 is connected to the air supply device through the connecting pipe) to transport air flow to the inside of the third hollow ring 402, and the air flow enters the third hollow ring 402 through the air inlet connector 130 and the second air inlet, and then enters the fourth hollow ring 406 through the axial flow pipe 401. The air flow entering the fourth hollow ring 406 flows along The fourth air inlet 407 and the first air inlet 129 enter into the flow and cooling cavity 109, and under the action of air pressure, the hydraulic oil in the oil storage tank 101 can enter into the cylinder body 102 along the oil pipe 103, the second oil port 410, the second hollow ring 124 and the first oil port 125. When it is necessary to retract and reset the entire hydraulic cylinder, it is only necessary to control the electromagnet to be powered off and demagnetized through the controller, and the vertical meshing part 414 is moved downward and reset under the elastic restoring force of the elastic element 415. The downward-moving vertical meshing part 414 drives the arc-shaped outer tooth ring 405 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby making the second air inlet, the third air inlet 403, the fourth air inlet 407 and the second oil port 410 return to their initial positions.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder, characterized in that: include: A hydraulic control mechanism (1), the hydraulic control mechanism (1) comprising an oil storage tank (101) and a cylinder body (102) located above the oil storage tank (101), the oil storage tank (101) and the cylinder body (102) being connected via an oil pipe (103), a first hollow ring (104) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the cylinder body (102), and the first hollow ring (104) and the oil storage tank (101) being connected via a first ventilation pipe (105); A first stroke mechanism (2), the first stroke mechanism (2) being slidably arranged inside the cylinder body (102) and the two being arranged coaxially, the first stroke mechanism (2) comprising a first stroke push rod (201), one end of the first stroke push rod (201) being provided with a stroke control component for controlling the inner cavity of the first stroke push rod (201) to be connected with the inner cavity of the cylinder body (102), one end of the stroke control component being slidably penetrated to the outside of the cylinder body (102); and A second stroke mechanism (3), the second stroke mechanism (3) is slidably arranged inside the first stroke push rod (201) and the two are arranged coaxially, an oil pushing piston plate (106) is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body (102), the second stroke mechanism (3) includes a retraction control piston (301) that moves synchronously with the oil pushing piston plate (106), and the retraction control piston (301) and the oil pushing piston plate (106) move towards each other; A retraction air guide pipe (107) is fixedly installed on one side of the oil storage tank (101), the retraction control piston (301) is slidably arranged inside the retraction air guide pipe (107), the retraction air guide pipe (107) is connected to the first ventilation pipe (105) via a second ventilation pipe (108), a flow-through cooling cavity (109) coaxial with the cylinder body (102) is opened in the wall of the cylinder body (102), and the flow-through cooling cavity (109) is connected to the first ventilation pipe (105). The hollow rings (104) are connected to each other, and a communication control mechanism (4) is rotatably mounted on the cylinder body (102). The communication control mechanism (4) includes an axial flow tube (401) connected between the flow and cooling cavity (109) and the first hollow ring (104). When the hydraulic oil is pushed by the oil pushing piston plate (106), the airflow flowing through the flow and cooling cavity (109) realizes the cooling of the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder body (102).

2. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic control mechanism (1) further comprises a cylinder mounting frame (110), a tank mounting frame (111) being fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder mounting frame (110), the cylinder (102) being fixedly arranged inside the cylinder mounting frame (110), the oil storage tank (101) being fixedly arranged at the top of the oil storage tank mounting frame (111), a first limiting ring (112) close to the first ventilation pipe (105) being fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the oil storage tank (101), a guide plate (113) being fixedly arranged on one side of the oil storage tank (101), a tube support seat (114) being fixedly arranged on both the guide plate (113) and the oil tank mounting frame (111), and the retracting air guide pipe (107) being fixedly arranged between the two tube support seats (114).

3. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first exhaust pipe (115) is provided on the side of the oil storage tank (101) away from the guide plate (113); a second exhaust pipe (116) is provided on the side of the second ventilation pipe (108); a first solenoid valve (117) is installed on the side of the oil passage pipe (103); a second solenoid valve (118) is installed on the side of the first ventilation pipe (105); a third solenoid valve (119) is installed on the side of the first exhaust pipe (115); a fourth solenoid valve (120) is installed on the side of the second ventilation pipe (108) and is located between the second exhaust pipe (116) and the first ventilation pipe (105); and a fifth solenoid valve (121) is installed on the side of the second exhaust pipe (116).

4. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The No. 1 stroke mechanism (2) also includes a first piston portion (202) fixedly connected to the No. 1 stroke push rod (201), a second limit ring (203) is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod (201), and the stroke control component includes a stroke control ring (204) fixedly arranged on the first piston portion (202), the stroke control ring (204) and the inner cavity of the No. 1 stroke push rod (201) are connected through an oil passage (205), and the circumferential side of the stroke control ring (204) is Two oil holes (206) are symmetrically provided, a support plate (207) is rotatably arranged inside the stroke control ring (204), an arc-shaped sealing plate (208) corresponding to the oil holes (206) is fixedly arranged on one side of the support plate (207), a stroke control rod (209) extending to the outside of the cylinder body (102) is fixedly arranged on the other side of the support plate (207), and a sealing plate (122) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (102) and the stroke control rod (209) are axially slidably matched.

5. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second stroke mechanism (3) also includes a second stroke push rod (302) slidably engaged inside the first stroke push rod (201); one end of the second stroke push rod (302) is fixedly provided with a second piston portion (303) slidably engaged in the inner cavity of the first stroke push rod (201); a linkage frame (304) slidably engaged with the guide plate (113) is bonded to the surface of the oil storage tank (101); one side of the linkage frame (304) is fixedly sleeved on the second stroke push rod (302); the other side of the linkage frame (304) is fixedly provided with a moving portion (305) slidably engaged with a limiting groove (123) on the retraction air guide pipe (107); the retraction control piston (301) is fixedly connected to the moving portion (305); and an axial sealing plate (306) fixedly connected to the moving portion (305) is slidably engaged with the outer wall of the retraction air guide pipe (107).

6. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second hollow ring (124) with an arc structure is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cylinder mounting frame (110), the inner wall of the second hollow ring (124) is in contact with the outer wall of the cylinder (102), the top of the oil passage pipe (103) is fixedly connected to the second hollow ring (124) and the two are connected, the cylinder (102) and the second hollow ring (124) are connected via a first oil passage port (125), and the first oil passage port (125) and the oil passage pipe (103) are coaxially arranged, and a third limiting ring (126) and a first limiting ring (127) are fixedly arranged inside the cylinder (102). Four limiting rings (127), the end of the retracting air guide pipe (107) is provided with an air vent (128) connected thereto, the peripheral side of the cylinder body (102) is provided with a first air inlet (129) connected to the flow cooling cavity (109), the peripheral side of the first hollow ring (104) is provided with an air inlet joint (130) connected thereto, the peripheral side of the first hollow ring (104) is provided with a first arc-shaped slideway (131), and one side of the cylinder body mounting frame (110) is provided with a second arc-shaped slideway (132) penetrating into the interior of the first hollow ring (104).

7. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The on-off control mechanism (4) further comprises a third hollow ring (402) rotatably engaged inside the first hollow ring (104); a second air inlet and a third air inlet (403) communicating with the third hollow ring (402) are provided on the peripheral side surface; a partition plate located on both sides of the third air inlet (403) is fixed inside the third hollow ring (402); a connecting piece (404) slidably engaged inside the first arc-shaped slideway (131) is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the third hollow ring (402); and an arc-shaped outer toothed ring (405) fixed to the connecting piece (404) is slidably engaged on the outer wall of the first hollow ring (104); The cylinder body (102) is externally sleeved with a fourth hollow ring (406) which is rotatably matched with the curved mounting groove (133) on the cylinder body mounting frame (110); the inner wall of the fourth hollow ring (406) is provided with a fourth air inlet (407) which is connected thereto; the axial flow tube (401) is connected and fixed between the third hollow ring (402) and the fourth hollow ring (406); the axial flow tube (401) is slidably matched inside the second arc-shaped slideway (132); a blocking ring (408) is rotatably matched inside the second hollow ring (124); the blocking ring (408) is connected to the fourth hollow ring (406) via an axial fixing rod (409); and a second oil passage (410) is provided on the peripheral side of the blocking ring (408).

8. A multi-stroke hydraulic cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The passage control mechanism (4) further comprises a passage control frame (411) fixed between the first hollow ring (104) and the oil tank mounting frame (111); a guide rod (412) is fixedly arranged at the top of the passage control frame (411); a trigger plate (413) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the guide rod (412); a vertical meshing portion (414) sleeved on the guide rod (412) is slidably arranged inside the passage control frame (411); The meshing portion (414) meshes with the arc-shaped outer gear ring (405); an elastic element (415) connected to the vertical meshing portion (414) is arranged at the top of the opening and closing control frame (411); a magnetic plate (416) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vertical meshing portion (414); an electromagnet installed at the bottom of the opening and closing control frame (411) magnetically repels a permanent magnet at the bottom of the magnetic plate (416); and a pressure sensor is installed at the top of the magnetic plate (416).

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