Distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting and smelting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting and a smelting method, the distributed electrode block comprises a Ti electrode block and an X electrode block, and the X electrode block is uniformly arranged in the Ti electrode block with the stroke of fluidity during smelting as the interval. The Ti electrode block is divided into a plurality of single Ti electrode blocks by the distributed electrode blocks in the length direction of the distributed electrode blocks, and the X electrode blocks are distributed in each single Ti electrode block and are not connected with the bottom faces of the single Ti electrode blocks. According to the distributed auxiliary electrode, the X electrodes are distributed in the auxiliary electrode during electrode manufacturing, the effect of uniform components can be achieved during one-time smelting, the smelting frequency is reduced, and the cost is reduced. And meanwhile, after the smelting frequency is reduced, the defects such as cracks, pores and slag inclusion in alloy metal are reduced, and the overall performance of the alloy metal is improved. And the problems that the alloy distribution is poor due to the densities and melting points of different metals, and the proportion is insufficient due to gasification of the metals with low melting points are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy metal smelting, and in particular to a distributed electrode block and a smelting method for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting. Background Art

[0002] Metal alloy is a solid product (ingot) with metallic properties obtained by mixing and melting one metal with another or several metals or non-metals, cooling and solidifying. Since alloy metals integrate the advantages of various elements, the overall performance of alloy metals is better than that of single metals, and they are widely used in many fields. For example, titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, military, chemical, marine engineering, and medical fields due to their high strength, low density, good corrosion resistance, and high temperature performance. Aluminum alloys can be used in aerospace, transportation, construction, and other fields; copper alloys have good electrical and thermal conductivity and are widely used in the manufacture of electrical equipment, such as wires, cables, busbars, switches, etc. Different alloy metals play an important role in various fields due to their unique properties. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of industry, the application scope of alloy metals will continue to expand and deepen.

[0003] At present, the forming of alloy metals is to mix two or more metal raw materials and then melt them through a smelting furnace, and then cool and solidify them into alloy ingots. Different metal raw materials have different properties, such as density, melting point, distribution (fluidity), etc. Therefore, during smelting, the composition uniformity between different metals is insufficient, and the composition uniformity of alloys (such as the currently widely used titanium alloy) smelting plays a decisive role in the performance of its finished materials. At present, in order to obtain highly uniform alloy materials, they are manufactured by repeated smelting methods. The usual number of smeltings exceeds 3 times, and the cost is also significantly increased. At the same time, too many smeltings will also lead to a decrease in the internal organizational properties of the metal raw materials, affecting the mechanical properties of the alloy after forming, etc. At the same time, multiple smeltings are also accompanied by an increase in the number of internal organizational defects, such as cracks, pores, slag inclusions and other defect types, which reduce the comprehensive performance of the alloy metal. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a distributed electrode block and a smelting method for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting, which distributes the X electrode in the auxiliary electrode, so as to achieve a uniform composition effect in one smelting, reduce the number of smelting times, reduce costs, and at the same time reduce defects such as cracks, pores, slag inclusions, etc. caused by multiple smelting of the alloy, thereby improving the overall performance of the alloy.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting, characterized in that: the distributed electrode block includes a Ti electrode block and an X electrode block, and the X electrode blocks are evenly arranged in the Ti electrode block with the fluidity stroke during smelting as the spacing.

[0006] Preferably, the distributed electrode block divides the Ti electrode block into a plurality of single Ti electrode blocks along its length direction, the X electrode block is distributed in each single Ti electrode block, and the X electrode block is not connected to the bottom surface of the single Ti electrode block.

[0007] Preferably, the density of the Ti electrode block is less than the density of the X electrode block.

[0008] Preferably, the melting point of the Ti electrode block is greater than the melting point of the X electrode block.

[0009] Preferably, the X electrode block is configured as an inverted cone structure that matches the single Ti electrode block.

[0010] A smelting method of a distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1, pressing a Ti metal raw material into a Ti electrode block having a groove for embedding an X electrode block, and pressing an X metal raw material into an X electrode block embedded in the groove of the Ti electrode block;

[0012] S2, embedding the pressed X electrode block into the groove of the Ti electrode block, and forming a distributed electrode block with an integral structure in which the X electrode block is distributed in the Ti electrode block by welding;

[0013] S3. The distributed electrode blocks are hoisted and placed into a smelting furnace for smelting to form Ti-X alloy ingots.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the Ti electrode block is divided into a plurality of single Ti electrode blocks along the length direction, and the groove is not connected to the bottom surface of the single Ti electrode block.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the distributed auxiliary electrode of the present invention distributes the X electrode in the auxiliary electrode during electrode manufacturing, and can achieve a uniform composition effect during one smelting, thereby reducing the number of smelting times, lowering costs, and being suitable for mass production.

[0016] At the same time, after reducing the number of smelting times, the defects such as cracks, pores, slag inclusions in the alloy metal are reduced, and the overall performance of the alloy metal is improved. The distributed electrode structure designed in this application also solves the problem of poor distribution of alloys due to the density and melting point of different metals, and insufficient ratio caused by the gasification of metals with low melting points. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the Ti electrode block of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a diagrammatic representation of the overall structure of the X electrode distributed in the Ti electrode block of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a diagrammatic representation of the X-electrode flow distribution during the smelting of the distributed electrode block of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Front view.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing that the X electrode sinks to the bottom because the density of the X electrode is greater than that of the Ti electrode block.

[0022] Figure 6 The diagram shows the distribution and coordination of multiple Ti electrode blocks with a single structure and X electrodes in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 The X electrode is configured as an inverted cone structure in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a diagrammatic representation of the flow distribution of the inverted cone-shaped X electrode of the present invention during smelting.

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a diagram showing the distributed electrode block being hoisted into a smelting furnace for smelting according to the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a diagrammatic representation of the gradual melting and flow of the distributed electrode blocks from bottom to top when smelting in a smelting furnace according to the present invention.

[0028] Fig.12 Illustration of the alloy ingot with uneven distribution during melting.

[0029] In the figure: 1-Ti electrode block; 1a-groove; 2-X electrode block; 3-smelting furnace wall; 4-electric heating wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Refer to the attached Figures 1 to 11A distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting is shown, and the distributed electrode block includes a Ti electrode block 1 and an X electrode block 2, both of which are die-casted using metal raw materials, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the formed X electrode blocks 2 are distributed in the Ti electrode blocks 1, and after welding the adjacent sides, a distributed electrode block with an integral structure is formed, which is hoisted and placed in a smelting furnace. During high-temperature smelting, since multiple X electrode blocks 2 are distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, the X electrode blocks 2 can be fully flowed and distributed in the Ti electrode block 1 after high-temperature melting, as shown in FIG. Figure 3-4 As shown, after cooling, a Ti-X alloy with uniform composition can be formed. Through this distributed structure, the X electrode block 2 is fully distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, which improves the uniformity of the alloy composition, and can be melted and formed in one time, solving the problem of too many melting times and poor composition uniformity in the current mixed material melting.

[0032] In order to further improve the uniformity of the distribution of the X electrode blocks 2 in the Ti electrode blocks 1, the X electrode blocks 2 are evenly arranged in the Ti electrode blocks 1 at intervals based on the fluidity travel during smelting. The distribution intervals between adjacent X electrode blocks 2 are based on the flow travel (length) during smelting. As shown by the arrows in FIG. A, the adjacent X electrode blocks 2 can completely fill the gaps between each other through fluidity during smelting and fully and completely mix the Ti electrode blocks 1 in the gaps, thereby ensuring the uniformity and integrity of the distribution of the X electrode blocks 2 in the Ti electrode blocks 1, avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient distribution of the X electrode blocks 2 in the Ti electrode blocks 1 locally, and improving the overall uniformity and quality of the Ti-X alloy.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the metal density of the X electrode block 2 is greater than that of the Ti electrode block 1, after being melted into a flowing liquid, the X electrode block 2 with a larger density will sink to the bottom, while the Ti electrode block 1 will be located on the upper side, resulting in an uneven distribution. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the distributed electrode block divides the Ti electrode block 1 into several single Ti electrode blocks 1 along its length direction, and the X electrode block 2 is distributed in each single Ti electrode block 1, and the X electrode block 2 is not connected to the bottom surface of the single Ti electrode block 1. Figure 6 As shown by the middle arrow, the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, and at the same time, the X electrode block 2 flows downward due to its gravity, but the X electrode block 2 is not connected to the bottom of the Ti electrode block 1, so that the X electrode block 2 flows downward and can be distributed to the Ti electrode block 1 at the bottom thereof, thereby solving the problem of uneven distribution caused by the X electrode block 2 sinking to the bottom of the Ti electrode block 1 due to its excessive density.

[0034] The Ti electrode block 1 and the X electrode block 2 are both set as follows Figure 6The segmented structure shown allows the two metals to be fully distributed in each segment, and the Ti electrode block 1 at the bottom of the X electrode in each segment partially limits the downward flow of the X electrode (realizing flow resistance to the X electrode), thereby avoiding the problem of uneven distribution caused by the X electrode block 2 sinking to the bottom side of the overall structure.

[0035] In order to achieve the above-mentioned distribution effect of the X electrode flowing downward, preferably, the density of the Ti electrode block 1 is less than the density of the X electrode block 2, so as to achieve the uniform distribution effect of the X electrode flowing downward in the Ti electrode block 1.

[0036] Generally, different metals have different melting points, and when alloy metals are smelted, both metals need to be melted to achieve uniform distribution. Therefore, when smelting, it is usually heated to the temperature of the metal with a larger melting point, which causes the metal with a lower melting point to be heated too high and evaporate, thereby reducing the proportion of the metal with a lower melting point in the alloy metal. Therefore, to solve this problem, preferably, the melting point of the Ti electrode block 1 is greater than the melting point of the X electrode block 2. Under this definition, since the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, during the smelting process, the Ti electrode block 1 is closer to the inner wall of the smelting furnace than the X electrode block 2, so that the Ti electrode block 1 can conduct heat faster and heat up faster, so that it can melt after reaching its melting point; while the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, it is farther away from the inner wall of the smelting furnace than the Ti electrode block 1, so that it conducts heat slower and can reach its melting point later than the Ti electrode block 1, thereby effectively reducing the X electrode block 2 from being vaporized by being higher than its melting point, thereby ensuring the proportion of the X electrode block 2 in the alloy metal.

[0037] In order to further improve the distribution uniformity of the X electrode block 2 in the Ti electrode block 1, as Figure 7-8 As shown, the X electrode block 2 is configured as an inverted cone structure that matches the single Ti electrode block 1. After the structure is configured, Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the projection of the top of the X electrode block 2 ( Figure 8 The X electrode block 2 is located on the Ti electrode block 1, and then during smelting, as shown by the arrow in the figure, the X electrode block 2 will flow vertically from the Ti electrode block 1 and will be directly distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, thereby solving the problem that the X electrode block 2 with a larger density flows vertically and cannot be effectively distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, thereby further improving the uniformity of the distribution of the X electrode block 2 in the Ti electrode block 1.

[0038] Based on the above-mentioned distributed electrode block structure, the present application also provides a smelting method of a distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, pressing the Ti metal raw material (through a die casting mold) into a Ti electrode block 1 having a groove 1a for embedding the X electrode block 2, such as Figure 2As shown, the X metal raw material is pressed into an X electrode block 2 which is embedded in the groove 1a of the Ti electrode block 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 During the die-casting process, the Ti electrode block 1 is divided into several single Ti electrode blocks 1 along the length direction, and the groove 1a is not connected to the bottom surface of the single Ti electrode block 1, that is, it is pressed into multiple short-section single Ti electrode blocks 1, and the length of the X electrode block 2 is the same as the length of the groove 1a.

[0040] The density of the metal raw material of the selected X electrode block 2 is greater than that of the Ti electrode block 1. If the density of the metal raw material of the X electrode block 2 is less than that of the Ti electrode block 1, the X electrode block 2 adopts the structure of the above-mentioned Ti electrode block 1, and similarly the Ti electrode block 1 adopts the structure of the X electrode block 2.

[0041] And, the melting point of the Ti electrode block 1 is greater than the melting point of the X electrode block 2. If the melting point of the Ti electrode block 1 is less than the melting point of the X electrode block 2, the structures of the X electrode block 2 and the Ti electrode block 1 are interchanged.

[0042] S2, embed the pressed X electrode block 2 into the groove 1a of the Ti electrode block 1, and weld the joints between the X electrode block 2 and the Ti electrode block 1 to form a distributed electrode block with an overall structure in which the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, such as Figure 2 The structure shown.

[0043] S3, hoist the distributed electrode blocks into the smelting furnace for smelting to form Ti-X alloy ingots. During the smelting process, the Ti electrode block 1 with a high melting point is close to the inner wall of the smelting furnace, so that the Ti electrode block 1 can conduct heat faster and heat up faster, so that it can melt after reaching its melting point; while the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, which is far away from the inner wall of the smelting furnace compared to the Ti electrode block 1, so it conducts heat slower and can reach its melting point later than the Ti electrode block 1, which can effectively reduce the X electrode block 2 from being vaporized above its melting point, and ensure the proportion of the X electrode block 2 in the alloy metal.

[0044] Furthermore, since the X electrode block 2 is set to an inverted cone structure, during smelting, Figure 8 As shown by the middle arrow, the X electrode block 2 will flow vertically from the Ti electrode block 1 and will be directly distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, solving the problem that the X electrode block 2 with higher density flows vertically and cannot be effectively distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, thereby further improving the uniformity of the distribution of the X electrode block 2 in the Ti electrode block 1.

[0045] To further improve the uniformity of Ti-X alloy distribution through the melting furnace, such as Figure 9-11As shown, an electric heating wire 4 is usually arranged in the inner wall of the smelting furnace, and the above-mentioned distributed electrode block is heated and conducted by the electric heating wire 4. In order to improve the uniformity of alloy mixing, the winding density of the electric heating wire 4 in the furnace wall is set to a structure that gradually increases downward. Under this structure, the lower the electric heating wire 4 is, the greater the density (the more turns / number of turns) is, the more heat is generated during heating, and the more heat is transferred to the distributed alloy, so that the distributed electrode is gradually melted from the bottom to the top during the smelting process. After the lower electrode is melted, it has fluidity, while the upper side is still in a state of unformed fluid, and will move downward under the action of gravity, thereby squeezing the molten alloy fluid on the lower side to churn upward ( Fig.11 At the same time, the X electrode that sinks to the bottom of the melting furnace due to its high density will be turned upward and mixed with the Ti electrode on the upper side, thereby further improving the distribution uniformity of the alloy during melting.

[0046] The principle of the present invention is: when smelting Ti-X alloy, firstly, the Ti metal raw material is pressed (through a die-casting die) into a single Ti electrode block 1 having a groove 1a for embedding the X electrode block 2, and at the same time, the X metal raw material is pressed into an X electrode block 2 embedded in the groove 1a of the Ti electrode block 1, the groove 1a and the X electrode block 2 are both conical structures, and the bottom of the groove 1a does not penetrate the bottom of the Ti electrode block 1. Before die-casting, the structure is adjusted (interchanged) according to the metal density of the X electrode block 2 and the Ti electrode block 1.

[0047] Then, the pressed X electrode block 2 is embedded into the groove 1a of the Ti electrode block 1, and the joints between the X electrode block 2 and the Ti electrode block 1 are welded to form a distributed electrode block with an integral structure in which the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1.

[0048] Then the distributed electrode block is hoisted and placed in the smelting furnace for smelting. During the smelting process, the Ti electrode block 1 with a high melting point is close to the inner wall of the smelting furnace, so that the Ti electrode block 1 can conduct heat faster and heat up faster, so that it can melt after reaching its melting point; while the X electrode block 2 is distributed in the Ti electrode block 1, which is far away from the inner wall of the smelting furnace compared to the Ti electrode block 1, so the heat conduction is slower and can reach its melting point later than the Ti electrode block 1, thereby effectively reducing the X electrode block 2 from being vaporized by a temperature higher than its melting point, and ensuring the proportion of the X electrode block 2 in the alloy metal. At the same time, since the X electrode block 2 is set as an inverted cone structure, during smelting, the X electrode block 2 will flow vertically from the Ti electrode block 1 and will be directly distributed to the Ti electrode block 1, solving the problem that the X electrode block 2 with a higher density flows vertically and cannot be effectively distributed to the Ti electrode block 1, thereby further improving the uniformity of the distribution of the X electrode block 2 in the Ti electrode block 1.

[0049] Furthermore, by setting an electric heating wire 4 with a winding density gradually increasing downward on the smelting furnace, more heat is generated during heating, and more heat is transferred to the distributed alloy, so that the distributed electrode gradually melts from the bottom to the top during the smelting process. The electrode on the lower side has fluidity after melting, while the upper side is still in the state of unformed fluid, and will move downward under the action of gravity, and then squeeze the molten alloy fluid on the lower side to tumble upward, thereby achieving the effect of self-stirring, and at the same time, the X electrode that sinks to the bottom of the smelting furnace due to its high density will tumble upward and mix with the Ti electrode on the upper side, thereby further improving the distribution uniformity during alloy smelting. After the electrode block on the top is completely melted, it is cooled to form a Ti-X alloy ingot.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A distributed electrode block for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting, characterized in that: The distributed electrode block comprises a Ti electrode block and an X electrode block, wherein the X electrode blocks are evenly arranged in the Ti electrode block at intervals corresponding to the fluidity travel during smelting.

2. The distributed electrode block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed electrode block divides the Ti electrode block into a plurality of single Ti electrode blocks along its length direction, and the X electrode block is distributed in each single Ti electrode block, and the X electrode block is not connected to the bottom surface of the single Ti electrode block.

3. The distributed electrode block according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Ti electrode block density is less than the X electrode block density.

4. The distributed electrode block according to claim 3, characterized in that: The melting point of the Ti electrode block is greater than the melting point of the X electrode block.

5. The distributed electrode block according to claim 4, characterized in that: The X electrode block is configured as an inverted cone structure that matches the single Ti electrode block.

6. A smelting method of distributed electrode blocks for short-process Ti-X alloy smelting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, pressing a Ti metal raw material into a Ti electrode block having a groove for embedding an X electrode block, and pressing an X metal raw material into an X electrode block embedded in the groove of the Ti electrode block; S2, embedding the pressed X electrode block into the groove of the Ti electrode block, and forming a distributed electrode block with an integral structure in which the X electrode block is distributed in the Ti electrode block by welding; S3. The distributed electrode blocks are hoisted and placed into a smelting furnace for smelting to form Ti-X alloy ingots.

7. The smelting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the Ti electrode block is divided into a plurality of single Ti electrode blocks along the length direction, and the groove is not connected to the bottom surface of the single Ti electrode block.

8. The smelting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The groove is configured as an inverted cone structure that matches the X electrode block.

9. The smelting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Ti electrode block density is less than the X electrode block density.

10. The smelting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The melting point of the Ti electrode block is greater than the melting point of the X electrode block.

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