A rock shear force test device for water-rich environment

Abstract

The present invention provides a rock shear force test device for a water-rich environment, belonging to the field of rock shear test. The device comprises a left half box and a right half box that can move mutually and be assembled into a box, the inner bottom walls of the left half box and the right half box are both inclined, a sediment storage box is connected to a mixing box through a connecting pipe, a water inlet pipe is also connected to the mixing box, the water inlet pipe connects the mixing box and the box, the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe connects the mixing box, the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe connects the box, and the experimental sample is installed between a lower shear box assembly and an upper shear box assembly, the upper shear force assembly provides shear force for the upper shear box assembly, and the lower shear box assembly provides shear force for the lower shear box assembly. When the test starts, the left half box and the right half box are moved toward each other, thereby increasing the space for loading the experimental sample, which is convenient for the test, and sediment storage boxes can be used to add sediment to the mixing box, and after mixing water with sediment, the experimental condition under the water quality state containing impurities can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of rock shear test, and in particular relates to a rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment. Background Art

[0002] When excavating a tunnel, water-rich areas are often encountered. At this time, studying the shear stress condition of rock in a water-rich environment will play a vital role in evaluating the safety and stability of the entire project.

[0003] At present, when studying the shear stress of rocks in a water-rich environment, a lower shear box is installed in the lower part of the experimental box. The experimenter holds the upper part of the sample and places the lower part of the sample in the lower limit box, and then puts the upper part of the sample in the upper shear box. Then water is injected into the experimental box, and the upper and lower parts of the sample are sheared through the upper and lower shear boxes, thereby simulating the shear stress experiment of the sample under water-rich conditions. However, during the test, due to the limited space inside the experimental box, the operating space is limited when installing the sample, which makes it inconvenient to install the sample.

[0004] In summary, the problems existing in the current test device are: the operating space in the test box is limited, which makes it inconvenient to install the sample. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment, which is used to solve the problem of limited operating space in the test box in the prior art and inconvenient installation of samples.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment, the test device comprising:

[0007] A left half box and a right half box, the left half box and the right half box can move relative to each other and be assembled into a box, the surface of the left half box in contact with the right half box is a fitting surface, the fitting surface is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the inner bottom walls of the left half box and the right half box are both inclined, the inner bottom wall of the left half box forms an acute angle with the fitting surface, and the inner bottom wall of the right half box also forms an acute angle with the fitting surface;

[0008] A sediment simulation unit, the sediment simulation unit comprising a sediment storage box, a mixing box, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the sediment storage box is connected to the mixing box through a connecting pipe, the mixing box is also connected to a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe connects the mixing box and the box body, the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the mixing box, and the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the box body;

[0009] A shear test unit, the shear test unit comprising a lower shear box assembly and an upper shear box assembly, the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly are both arranged in a box, and the test specimen is installed between the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly;

[0010] A shear force supply unit comprises an upper shear force component and a lower shear force component, wherein the upper shear force component provides shear force for the upper shear box component and the lower shear box component provides shear force for the lower shear box component.

[0011] As an optional solution, the right half box is movably arranged, and a first telescopic power source is fixedly installed on the left half box, the telescopic end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the right half box, and the telescopic direction of the first telescopic power source is perpendicular to the fitting surface.

[0012] As an optional solution, the test device further comprises a collecting unit for collecting the experimental sample debris after the test, and the collecting unit comprises a first slot, a first filter plate, a second slot and a second filter plate;

[0013] The first slot is provided on the bottom wall of the left half of the box body, one end of the first filter plate is inserted into the first slot, the end surface of the other end of the first filter plate is flush with the fitting surface, the intersection of the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe and the left half of the box body is the water inlet point, and the water inlet point is located below the lower end surface of the first filter plate;

[0014] The second slot is formed on the bottom wall of the right half of the box body, one end of the second filter plate is inserted into the second slot, and the end surface of the other end of the second filter plate is flush with the fitting surface.

[0015] As an optional solution, the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly each include a frame, a support frame, four clamping plates and a plurality of first balls;

[0016] The frame is arranged in the box, a support frame is fixedly installed in the frame, and the support frame is fitted with the end surface of the test sample;

[0017] The experimental sample is rectangular, and the four clamping plates are respectively installed on the inner wall of the frame through a distance adjustment module. The side walls of the four clamping plates are rollingly installed with a plurality of first balls, which are in contact with the side walls of the experimental sample. The four clamping plates clamp the four side walls of the experimental sample through the first balls.

[0018] As an optional solution, the distance adjustment modules each include a first threaded rod, a threaded sleeve, a guide rod and a guide sleeve;

[0019] The threaded sleeve is fixedly mounted on the clamping plate, one end of the first threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the frame, and the other end of the first threaded rod is inserted into the threaded sleeve and threadedly connected with the threaded sleeve;

[0020] The guide rod is fixedly mounted on the frame, one end of the guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the clamping plate, and the other end of the guide sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the guide rod.

[0021] As an optional solution, a plurality of second balls are rollingly mounted on the support frame;

[0022] The second ball bearing on the support frame of the lower shear box assembly contacts the bottom end surface of the test sample, and the second ball bearing on the support frame of the upper shear box assembly contacts the top end surface of the test sample.

[0023] As an optional solution, the lower shear box assembly further includes two first sliders, which are slidably mounted on the left half box and the right half box respectively, and the sliding directions of the two first sliders are parallel, and the sliding direction of the first sliders is parallel to the shear force direction output by the lower shear force assembly;

[0024] The frame of the lower shear box assembly is rotatably connected to the two first sliders through two first rotating modules, the two first rotating modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the frame of the lower shear box assembly, and the two first rotating modules each include a first rotating shaft, a first ratchet, a first sleeve, and a second rotating shaft;

[0025] One end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first slider, the first sleeve is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft, and the first sleeve is rotatably mounted on the first slider, the rotation axis of the first sleeve is perpendicular to the fitting surface, and the first rotating shaft and the first sleeve are connected via a first ratchet;

[0026] One end of the second rotating shaft is slidably installed in the first sleeve, and the other end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the frame of the lower shear box assembly. The sliding direction of the second rotating shaft is parallel to the rotation axis direction of the first sleeve.

[0027] As an optional solution, the upper shear box assembly further includes two second sliders, which are slidably mounted on the left half box and the right half box respectively, the second sliders are located above the first slider, and the sliding direction of the second slider is parallel to the sliding direction of the first slider;

[0028] The frame of the upper shear box assembly is connected to the two second sliders through two second rotating modules, respectively. The two second rotating modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the frame of the upper shear box assembly. The two second rotating modules each include a third rotating shaft, a second ratchet, a second sleeve, a first guide rail, a third slider and a second threaded rod.

[0029] One end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second slider, the second sleeve is sleeved outside the third rotating shaft, and the second sleeve is rotatably mounted on the second slider, the rotation axis of the second sleeve is parallel to the rotation axis of the first sleeve, the third rotating shaft and the second sleeve are connected via a second ratchet, and the first ratchet and the second ratchet have opposite rotation locking directions;

[0030] The first guide rail is fixedly mounted on the second sleeve, and the guiding direction of the first guide rail is parallel to the center line of the test sample;

[0031] The third slider is slidably mounted on the first guide rail, the second threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the first guide rail, the second threaded rod is threadedly connected to the third slider, and the rotation axis direction of the second threaded rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the third slider;

[0032] The third sliding block is connected to the frame of the upper shear box assembly via screws.

[0033] As an optional solution, the upper shear force component and the lower shear force component are respectively located on two opposite sides of the test specimen;

[0034] The upper shear force assembly and the lower shear force assembly each include an L-shaped mounting block, a hydraulic cylinder, a second guide rail, a fourth slide block and a third threaded rod;

[0035] The second guide rail is fixedly mounted on the left half box or the right half box, the fourth slider is slidably mounted on the second guide rail, the sliding axis of the fourth slider is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the third threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the second guide rail, the rotation axis of the third threaded rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the fourth slider, and the third threaded rod is threadedly connected to the fourth slider;

[0036] The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fourth sliding block, the extension direction of the hydraulic cylinder is perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the first sleeve, and the extension direction of the hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the horizontal plane, the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear force assembly applies shear force to the upper part of the test specimen through the frame of the upper shear box assembly, and the hydraulic cylinder of the lower shear force assembly applies shear force to the lower part of the test specimen through the frame of the lower shear box assembly;

[0037] The L-shaped mounting block is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the frame, and the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder contacts the inner wall of the L-shaped mounting block.

[0038] As an optional solution, the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is in a ball head shape.

[0039] As described above, the present invention provides a rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment, which has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The left half box and the right half box are provided in the present application, so that the left half box and the right half box can be moved toward each other at the beginning of the test, thereby increasing the space for loading the experimental samples and facilitating the test;

[0041] 2. The sediment storage box provided in the present application can add sediment to the mixing box, and after mixing water and sediment, the experimental condition of water quality containing impurities can be simulated;

[0042] 3. The first filter plate, the second filter plate, the left half box, and the right half box are provided in the present application to collect the experimental sample debris after the test, thereby preventing the experimental sample debris from entering the mixing box and ensuring the effect of the test;

[0043] 4. The present application provides a rotatable upper shear box and a lower shear box, and by rotating the experimental sample to different angles, it is possible to simulate the distribution of rock formations at different angles, that is, only one experimental sample needs to be made to simulate rock formations at different angles, which is convenient for management and sample making;

[0044] 5. The present application sets a first ball and a second ball. Since the first ball and the second ball are in point contact with the test sample, the contact area with the test sample can be reduced, and water can be fully in contact with the test sample, thereby ensuring the test effect. At the same time, since the first ball is set in a rolling manner, the test sample can be installed more quickly.

[0045] 6. The distance adjustment module provided in this application can adjust the position of the clamping plate, so that experimental samples of different sizes can be clamped and tested;

[0046] 7. The present application configures the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder to be in a ball head shape and then cooperates with an L-shaped mounting block, so that the hydraulic cylinder can apply shear force to the frame at different angles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view showing the box body, the lower shear box unit, the upper shear box unit and the shear force supply unit of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 Shown as the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0050] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a lower shear box unit and a lower shear force assembly of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5Shown as the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the frame body and the lower shear force assembly of the lower shear box unit of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a structural exploded view of the frame of the first sliding block, the first rotating module and the lower shear box unit of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a structural exploded view of the second slider, the second rotating module and the frame of the upper shear box unit of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower shear box unit, the upper shear box unit, the lower shear force component and the upper shear force component when the shear test is performed on the experimental sample in the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 Shown is a structural cross-sectional view of a mixing box of the present invention.

[0057] In the figure: 101, box; 102, experimental sample; 103, left half of the box; 104, right half of the box; 105, first telescopic power source;

[0058] 201, cover;

[0059] 211, first slot; 212, first filter plate; 213, second slot; 214, second filter plate; 215, water inlet point;

[0060] 301, first slider; 302, second slider; 303, frame; 304, support frame; 305, clamping plate; 306, first ball bearing; 307, second ball bearing;

[0061] 311, first threaded rod; 312, threaded sleeve; 313, guide rod; 314, guide sleeve;

[0062] 321, first rotating shaft; 322, first ratchet; 323, first sleeve; 324, second rotating shaft;

[0063] 331, third rotating shaft; 332, second ratchet; 333, second sleeve; 334, first guide rail; 335, third slider; 336, second threaded rod;

[0064] 401, L-shaped mounting block; 402, hydraulic cylinder; 403, second guide rail; 404, fourth slider; 405, third threaded rod;

[0065] 501, mixing box; 502, water inlet pipe; 503, water outlet pipe; 504, water pump; 505, first valve; 506, sediment storage box; 507, connecting pipe; 508, second valve;

[0066] 511. stirring box body; 512. stirring rod; 513. stirring blade; 514. motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0068] See also Figures 1 to 10 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0069] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0070] See also Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment, the test device comprising:

[0071] The left half box 103 and the right half box 104 can move relative to each other and can be assembled into the box 101.

[0072] The right side opening of the left half box 103 and the left side opening of the right half box 104 are combined with the left side opening of the right half box 104 to form the entire box 101;

[0073] The contact surface between the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 is a fitting surface, and the fitting surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The inner bottom walls of the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 are both inclined, and the inner bottom wall of the left half box 103 forms an acute angle with the fitting surface, and the inner bottom wall of the right half box 104 also forms an acute angle with the fitting surface.

[0074] In order to ensure the sealing between the left half box 103 and the right half box 104, there is a sealing strip between the left half box 103 and the right half box 104. The sealing strip can be fixedly installed on the left half box 103 or on the right half box 104. The sealing strip can ensure that there is no water seepage between the left half box 103 and the right half box 104.

[0075] In order to further ensure the operating space when the experimental sample 102 is loaded, the upper parts of the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 can be set to be half-open. After the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 are assembled into the box 101, the two half openings are assembled into a whole opening. A cover 201 is provided above the box 101, and the cover 201 is used to open and close the whole opening.

[0076] The four corners of the upper part of the box body 101 are fixed with ears, and the cover body 201 is fixedly connected to the ears by screws. When the left half box body 103 and the right half box body 104 are moved close to each other and assembled into the box body 101, the box body 101 is covered to make the box body 101 a closed space, and then water is poured into the box body 101;

[0077] A sediment simulation unit, the sediment simulation unit comprises a sediment storage box 506, a mixing box 501, a water inlet pipe 502 and a water outlet pipe 503; the sediment storage box 506 is connected to the mixing box 501 through a connecting pipe 507, a second valve 508 is installed on the connecting pipe 507, sediment can be added to the mixing box 501 through the connecting pipe 507, and mud-water mixtures of different concentrations can be simulated. The mixing box 501 is also connected to a water inlet pipe 502, the water inlet pipe 502 connects the mixing box 501 and the box body 101, the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe 503 is connected to the mixing box 501, and the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe 503 is connected to the box body 101;

[0078] In this embodiment, a water pump 504 is installed on the water inlet pipe 502, and a first valve 505 is installed on the water outlet pipe 503. Water can be added to the box 101 through the water pump 504, and the water output of the water outlet pipe 503 can be controlled by the first valve 505, so as to ensure the water pressure in the box 101.

[0079] The mixing box 501 is not limited here, and is mainly used to mix water and sediment. It includes a mixing box body 511, a mixing rod 512, a mixing blade 513 and a motor 514. The mixing box body 511 is rotatably installed with the mixing rod 512, the mixing blade 513 is fixedly installed on the mixing rod 512, and the motor 514 is also fixedly installed on the mixing box body 511. The motor 514 is fixedly connected to the mixing rod 512. When working, the motor 514 starts to drive the mixing rod 512 to rotate, thereby driving the mixing blade 513 to rotate, and then the water and sediment in the mixing box body 511 are stirred and mixed;

[0080] A shear test unit, the shear test unit comprising a lower shear box assembly and an upper shear box assembly, and a test specimen 102 is installed between the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly;

[0081] A shear force supply unit comprises an upper shear force component and a lower shear force component, wherein the upper shear force component provides shear force for the upper shear box component and the lower shear box component provides shear force for the lower shear box component.

[0082] First, open the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 to increase the operating space when the experimental sample 102 is installed, then install the experimental sample 102 between the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly, close the left half box 103 and the right half box 104, and cover the box 101, start the water pump 504, and let water flow into the box 101 through the water inlet pipe 502, and then drain the water in the box 101 through the water outlet pipe 503, so that the water in the box 101 can circulate, thereby simulating the situation of the experimental sample 102 in the water flow state, and the water flow rate of the water outlet pipe 503 can be controlled by the first valve 505, so that the water in the box 101 has a certain water pressure.

[0083] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 The right half box 104 is movably arranged, and a first telescopic power source 105 is fixedly installed on the left half box 103. The telescopic end of the first telescopic power source 105 is fixedly connected to the right half box 104, and the telescopic direction of the first telescopic power source 105 is perpendicular to the fitting surface.

[0084] The first telescopic power source 105 is not limited here, and is mainly used to drive the right half box 104 to move, and can be a cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, etc. The movement setting of the right half box 104 can be to rotatably install a roller on the bottom end surface of the right half box 104, so that the right half box 104 can move through the roller, or a slide rail can be fixedly installed on the ground below the right half box 104, and a sliding block is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the right half box 104, and the sliding block is slidably connected to the slide rail;

[0085] By starting the first telescopic power source 105 , the right half box 104 can be driven to move, and the right half box 104 can be moved closer to or away from the left half box 103 .

[0086] After the test is completed, the cover 201 is removed and the first telescopic power source 105 is started to move the right half box 104 away from the left half box 103. After the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 are separated, the experimental sample debris inside can fall out naturally, and the box 101 can be quickly cleaned.

[0087] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 The test device further comprises a collecting unit for collecting the experimental sample debris after the test, and the collecting unit comprises a first slot 211, a first filter plate 212, a second slot 213 and a second filter plate 214;

[0088] The first slot 211 is provided on the bottom wall of the left half box 103, one end of the first filter plate 212 is inserted into the first slot 211, one end of the first filter plate 212 is fixedly mounted with a first plug, the first plug is inserted into the first slot 211, the end surface of the other end of the first filter plate 212 is flush with the fitting surface, the intersection of the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe 503 and the left half box 103 is the water inlet point 215, and the water inlet point 215 is located below the lower end surface of the first filter plate 212;

[0089] The second slot 213 is opened on the bottom wall of the right half box 104, one end of the second filter plate 214 is inserted into the second slot 213, one end of the second filter plate 214 is fixedly installed with a second plug block, the second plug block is inserted into the second slot 213, and the end face of the other end of the second filter plate 214 is flush with the fitting surface.

[0090] The bottom wall of the left half box 103 and the bottom wall of the right half box 104 are both inclined downward. When the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 are opened, the first filter plate 212 is inserted into the first slot 211, and the second filter plate 214 is inserted into the second slot 213. After the left half box 103 and the right half box 104 are closed, the first filter plate 212 and the second filter plate 214 will also fit together, and the first filter plate 212 and the second filter plate 214 will be in an inverted V shape, and the bottom wall of the left half box 103 and the first filter plate 214 will be in an inverted V shape. The filter plate 212 is a first V-shaped groove, and the bottom wall of the right half box 104 and the second filter plate 214 are also a second V-shaped groove. During the test, after the experimental sample debris is generated, it will fall into the first V-shaped groove or the second V-shaped groove, and the experimental sample debris can be collected. After the test is completed, the right half box 104 moves away from the left half box 103, and the first filter plate 212 and the second filter plate 214 are removed to allow the debris to fall out naturally, so that the experimental sample debris in the box 101 can be quickly cleaned.

[0091] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly each include a frame 303, a support frame 304, four clamping plates 305 and a plurality of first balls 306;

[0092] The frame 303 is disposed in the box 101 , and a support frame 304 is fixedly installed in the frame 303 , and the support frame 304 is in contact with the end surface of the experimental sample 102 ;

[0093] The experimental sample 102 is rectangular, and in order to simulate different rock layers, the experimental sample 102 is a layered structure;

[0094] The four clamping plates 305 are respectively installed on the inner wall of the frame 303 through a distance adjustment module, and the side walls of the four clamping plates 305 are rollingly installed with a plurality of first balls 306, and the first balls 306 are in contact with the side walls of the experimental sample 102. The four clamping plates 305 clamp the four side walls of the experimental sample 102 through the first balls 306;

[0095] The distance adjustment modules each include a first threaded rod 311, a threaded sleeve 312, a guide rod 313 and a guide sleeve 314;

[0096] The threaded sleeve 312 is fixedly mounted on the clamping plate 305, one end of the first threaded rod 311 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the frame 303, and the other end of the first threaded rod 311 is inserted into the threaded sleeve 312 and threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 312;

[0097] The guide rod 313 is fixedly mounted on the frame 303 , one end of the guide sleeve 314 is fixedly mounted on the clamping plate 305 , and the other end of the guide sleeve 314 is slidably sleeved outside the guide rod 313 .

[0098] By screwing the first threaded rod 311 , the distance between the clamping plate 305 and the inner wall of the frame 303 can be adjusted, so as to accommodate experimental samples 102 of different sizes.

[0099] A plurality of second balls 307 are rollingly mounted on the support frame 304;

[0100] The second ball bearing on the support frame of the lower shear box assembly contacts the bottom end surface of the test sample 102 , and the second ball bearing on the support frame of the upper shear box assembly contacts the top end surface of the test sample 102 .

[0101] By providing the second ball 307 , the contact area between the bottom end surface of the experimental sample 102 and the upper end surface of the support frame 304 can be reduced, and sufficient contact between the experimental sample 102 and water can be ensured.

[0102] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 The lower shear box assembly further comprises two first sliders 301, which are respectively slidably mounted on the left half box 103 and the right half box 104, and the sliding directions of the two first sliders 301 are parallel, and the sliding direction of the first sliders 301 is parallel to the shear force direction output by the lower shear force assembly;

[0103] A first sliding track is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the left half box 103, and a second sliding track is fixedly installed on the right side wall of the right half box 104. The two first sliding blocks 301 are slidably installed on the first sliding track and the second sliding track respectively, and the first sliding track and the second sliding track are both horizontally arranged;

[0104] The frame of the lower shear box assembly is rotatably connected to the two first sliders 301 through two first rotating modules, and the two first rotating modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the frame of the lower shear box assembly. The two first rotating modules each include a first rotating shaft 321, a first ratchet 322, a first sleeve 323, and a second rotating shaft 324.

[0105] One end of the first rotating shaft 321 is fixedly connected to the first slider 301, the first sleeve 323 is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 321, and the first sleeve 323 is rotatably mounted on the first slider 301, the rotation axis of the first sleeve 323 is perpendicular to the fitting surface, and the first rotating shaft 321 and the first sleeve 323 are connected via a first ratchet 322;

[0106] One end of the second rotating shaft 324 is slidably installed in the first sleeve 323, and the other end of the second rotating shaft 324 is fixedly connected to the frame of the lower shear box assembly. The sliding direction of the second rotating shaft 324 is parallel to the rotation axis direction of the first sleeve 323. By arranging the second rotating shaft 324 and the first sleeve 323 to slide relative to each other, when the right half box body 104 moves away from the left half box body 103, damage to the second rotating shaft 324 can be avoided.

[0107] The first sleeve 323 can be used to rotate the frame of the lower shear box assembly so that the frame of the lower shear box assembly is at a certain angle. The first ratchet 322 can be used to lock the rotation angle of the frame of the lower shear box assembly.

[0108] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 The upper shear box assembly further includes two second sliders 302, which are slidably mounted on the left half box 103 and the right half box 104, respectively. The second sliders 302 are located above the first slider 301, and the sliding direction of the second slider 302 is parallel to the sliding direction of the first slider 301;

[0109] A third sliding track is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the left half box 103, and the third sliding track is located above the first sliding track. A fourth sliding track is fixedly installed on the right side wall of the right half box 104, and the fourth sliding track is located above the second sliding track. The two second sliding blocks 302 are slidably installed on the third sliding track and the fourth sliding track respectively.

[0110] The frame of the upper shear box assembly is connected to the two second sliders 302 through two second rotating modules, respectively. The two second rotating modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the frame of the upper shear box assembly. The two second rotating modules each include a third rotating shaft 331, a second ratchet 332, a second sleeve 333, a first guide rail 334, a third slider 335 and a second threaded rod 336.

[0111] One end of the third rotating shaft 331 is fixedly connected to the second slider 302, the second sleeve 333 is sleeved outside the third rotating shaft 331, and the second sleeve 333 is rotatably mounted on the second slider 302, the rotation axis of the second sleeve 333 is parallel to the rotation axis of the first sleeve 323, the third rotating shaft 331 and the second sleeve 333 are connected via a second ratchet 332, the first ratchet 322 and the second ratchet 332 have opposite rotation locking directions, here the first ratchet 322 can be locked when rotating counterclockwise, and the second ratchet 332 can be locked when rotating clockwise;

[0112] The first guide rail 334 is fixedly mounted on the second sleeve 333 , and the guiding direction of the first guide rail 334 is parallel to the center line of the test sample 102 ;

[0113] The third slider 335 is slidably mounted on the first guide rail 334, the second threaded rod 336 is rotatably mounted on the first guide rail 334, the second threaded rod 336 is threadedly connected to the third slider 335, and the rotation axis direction of the second threaded rod 336 is parallel to the sliding direction of the third slider 335;

[0114] The third slider 335 is connected to the frame of the upper shear box assembly by screws. A first waist-shaped hole is opened through the third slider 335. A mounting plate is fixedly installed on the frame of the upper shear box assembly. A second waist-shaped hole is opened through the mounting plate. The bolt includes a screw column and a nut. The nut is located below the mounting plate. The screw column passes through the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole and is threadedly connected with the nut.

[0115] When installing the test sample 102, the four clamping plates of the upper shear box assembly are placed on the upper part of the test sample 102, and the top surface of the test sample 102 is abutted against the second ball of the upper shear box assembly. The first threaded rod of the upper shear box assembly is rotated to allow the clamping plates of the upper shear box assembly to clamp the upper part of the test sample 102. At this time, the upper part of the test sample 102 can be clamped by the clamping plates of the upper shear box assembly. At this time, the frame of the upper shear box assembly is lifted to lift the test sample 102.

[0116] For example, if the angle of the rock formation to be simulated is 80 degrees, the frame of the lower shear box assembly is rotated 350 degrees clockwise, so that the angle of the upper end surface of the support frame of the lower shear box assembly is 10 degrees to the horizontal plane, that is, the height of the front part of the support frame of the lower shear box assembly is lower than the height of the rear part of the support frame of the lower shear box assembly;

[0117] At this time, lift the frame of the upper shear box assembly, put the lower part of the test sample 102 into the clamping plate of the lower shear box assembly, and rotate the first threaded rod of the lower shear box assembly to allow the clamping plate of the lower shear box assembly to clamp the lower part of the test sample 102;

[0118] Then, the first guide rail 334 is rotated counterclockwise so that the angle of the first guide rail 334 is equal to the angle of the simulated rock formation, that is, the angle of the first guide rail 334 is 80 degrees, and the second threaded rod 336 is rotated to drive the third slider 335 to approach the mounting plate, and the third slider 335 is locked with the mounting plate by bolts;

[0119] Since the lower shear force component is located on the rear side of the box 101, shear force can be applied to the rear wall of the test sample 102. Since the upper shear force component is located on the front side of the box 101, shear force can be applied to the front wall of the test sample 102. Thus, shear force can be applied to the front and rear walls of the test sample 102, thereby performing a shear test.

[0120] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the rotation of the second threaded rod 336 , a hand wheel may be installed at the end of the second threaded rod 336 .

[0121] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , the upper shear force component and the lower shear force component are respectively located on two opposite sides of the test specimen 102;

[0122] The upper shear force assembly and the lower shear force assembly each include an L-shaped mounting block 401, a hydraulic cylinder 402, a second guide rail 403, a fourth slider 404 and a third threaded rod 405;

[0123] The second guide rail 403 is fixedly mounted on the left half box body 103 or the right half box body 104, the fourth slider 404 is slidably mounted on the second guide rail 403, the sliding axis of the fourth slider 404 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the third threaded rod 405 is rotatably mounted on the second guide rail 403, the rotation axis of the third threaded rod 405 is parallel to the sliding direction of the fourth slider 404, and the third threaded rod 405 is threadedly connected to the fourth slider 404;

[0124] The hydraulic cylinder 402 is fixedly mounted on the fourth slider 404, the extension direction of the hydraulic cylinder 402 is perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the first sleeve 323, and the extension direction of the hydraulic cylinder 402 is parallel to the horizontal plane, the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear force assembly applies shear force to the upper part of the experimental sample 102 through the frame of the upper shear box assembly, and the hydraulic cylinder of the lower shear force assembly applies shear force to the lower part of the experimental sample 102 through the frame of the lower shear box assembly;

[0125] The L-shaped mounting block 401 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the frame 303 . The end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 402 is spherical, and the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 402 contacts the inner wall of the L-shaped mounting block 401 .

[0126] Since the upper shear force assembly is located on the front side of the box body 101, that is, the L-shaped mounting block of the upper shear force assembly is fixedly installed on the front wall of the frame of the upper shear box assembly; since the lower shear force assembly is located on the rear side of the box body 101, that is, the L-shaped mounting block of the lower shear force assembly is fixedly installed on the rear wall of the frame of the lower shear box assembly.

[0127] Taking the working principle of the above shear force assembly as an example, after the frame of the upper shear box assembly is rotated, the height of the L-shaped mounting block 401 thereon will drop. At this time, the L-shaped mounting block 401 will be in a "<" shape. Rotating the third threaded rod of the upper shear force assembly can drive the fourth slider of the upper shear force assembly to slide downward, thereby driving the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear force assembly to descend. Start the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear force assembly, and let its ball-shaped end support the L-shaped mounting block 401 on the frame of the upper shear box assembly. Continuing to start the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear box assembly will apply shear force to the front wall of the experimental specimen 102.

[0128] In order to ensure that the shear test of the experimental sample 102 is carried out normally, the force output by the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear force assembly and the force output by the hydraulic cylinder of the lower shear force assembly can be set to be equal.

[0129] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock shear force test device for a water-rich environment, characterized in that: The test device comprises: A left half box and a right half box, the left half box and the right half box can move relative to each other and be assembled into a box, the surface of the left half box in contact with the right half box is a fitting surface, the fitting surface is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the inner bottom walls of the left half box and the right half box are both inclined, the inner bottom wall of the left half box forms an acute angle with the fitting surface, and the inner bottom wall of the right half box also forms an acute angle with the fitting surface; A sediment simulation unit, the sediment simulation unit comprising a sediment storage box, a mixing box, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the sediment storage box is connected to the mixing box through a connecting pipe, the mixing box is also connected to a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe connects the mixing box and the box body, the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the mixing box, and the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the box body; A shear test unit, the shear test unit comprising a lower shear box assembly and an upper shear box assembly, the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly are both arranged in a box, and the test specimen is installed between the lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly; A shear force supply unit, the shear force supply unit comprising an upper shear force component and a lower shear force component, the upper shear force component provides shear force for the upper shear box component, and the lower shear box component provides shear force for the lower shear box component; The right half box is movably arranged, and a first telescopic power source is fixedly installed on the left half box, a telescopic end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the right half box, and a telescopic direction of the first telescopic power source is perpendicular to the fitting surface; The lower shear box assembly and the upper shear box assembly each include a frame, a support frame, four clamping plates and a plurality of first balls; The frame is arranged in the box, a support frame is fixedly installed in the frame, and the support frame is fitted with the end surface of the test sample; The experimental sample is rectangular, and the four clamping plates are respectively installed on the inner wall of the frame through a distance adjustment module. The side walls of the four clamping plates are rollingly installed with a plurality of first balls, which are in contact with the side walls of the experimental sample. The four clamping plates clamp the four side walls of the experimental sample through the first balls.

2. A rock shear force test device for a water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes a collection unit for collecting the experimental sample debris after the test, and the collection unit includes a first slot, a first filter plate, a second slot and a second filter plate; The first slot is provided on the bottom wall of the left half of the box body, one end of the first filter plate is inserted into the first slot, the end surface of the other end of the first filter plate is flush with the fitting surface, the intersection of the water inlet end of the water outlet pipe and the left half of the box body is the water inlet point, and the water inlet point is located below the lower end surface of the first filter plate; The second slot is formed on the bottom wall of the right half of the box body, one end of the second filter plate is inserted into the second slot, and the end surface of the other end of the second filter plate is flush with the fitting surface.

3. The rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance adjustment modules each include a first threaded rod, a threaded sleeve, a guide rod and a guide sleeve; The threaded sleeve is fixedly mounted on the clamping plate, one end of the first threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the frame, and the other end of the first threaded rod is inserted into the threaded sleeve and threadedly connected with the threaded sleeve; The guide rod is fixedly mounted on the frame, one end of the guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the clamping plate, and the other end of the guide sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the guide rod.

4. The rock shear force test device in a water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second balls are rotatably mounted on the support frame; The second ball bearing on the support frame of the lower shear box assembly contacts the bottom end surface of the test sample, and the second ball bearing on the support frame of the upper shear box assembly contacts the top end surface of the test sample.

5. The rock shear force test device for a water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower shear box assembly further comprises two first sliders, which are respectively slidably mounted on the left half box and the right half box, and the sliding directions of the two first sliders are parallel, and the sliding direction of the first sliders is parallel to the shear force direction output by the lower shear force assembly; The frame of the lower shear box assembly is rotatably connected to the two first sliders through two first rotating modules, the two first rotating modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the frame of the lower shear box assembly, and the two first rotating modules each include a first rotating shaft, a first ratchet, a first sleeve, and a second rotating shaft; One end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first slider, the first sleeve is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft, and the first sleeve is rotatably mounted on the first slider, the rotation axis of the first sleeve is perpendicular to the fitting surface, and the first rotating shaft and the first sleeve are connected via a first ratchet; One end of the second rotating shaft is slidably installed in the first sleeve, and the other end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the frame of the lower shear box assembly. The sliding direction of the second rotating shaft is parallel to the rotation axis direction of the first sleeve.

6. A water-rich environment rock shear force test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper shear box assembly further comprises two second sliders, which are respectively slidably mounted on the left half box and the right half box, the second sliders being located above the first slider, and the sliding direction of the second sliders being parallel to the sliding direction of the first slider; The frame of the upper shear box assembly is connected to the two second sliders through two second rotating modules, respectively. The two second rotating modules are symmetrically arranged relative to the frame of the upper shear box assembly. The two second rotating modules each include a third rotating shaft, a second ratchet, a second sleeve, a first guide rail, a third slider and a second threaded rod. One end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second slider, the second sleeve is sleeved outside the third rotating shaft, and the second sleeve is rotatably mounted on the second slider, the rotation axis of the second sleeve is parallel to the rotation axis of the first sleeve, the third rotating shaft and the second sleeve are connected via a second ratchet, and the first ratchet and the second ratchet have opposite rotation locking directions; The first guide rail is fixedly mounted on the second sleeve, and the guiding direction of the first guide rail is parallel to the center line of the test sample; The third slider is slidably mounted on the first guide rail, the second threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the first guide rail, the second threaded rod is threadedly connected to the third slider, and the rotation axis direction of the second threaded rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the third slider; The third sliding block is connected to the frame of the upper shear box assembly via screws.

7. The rock shear force test device for a water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper shear force component and the lower shear force component are respectively located on two opposite sides of the test specimen; The upper shear force assembly and the lower shear force assembly each include an L-shaped mounting block, a hydraulic cylinder, a second guide rail, a fourth slide block and a third threaded rod; The second guide rail is fixedly mounted on the left half box or the right half box, the fourth slider is slidably mounted on the second guide rail, the sliding axis of the fourth slider is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the third threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the second guide rail, the rotation axis of the third threaded rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the fourth slider, and the third threaded rod is threadedly connected to the fourth slider; The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fourth sliding block, the extension direction of the hydraulic cylinder is perpendicular to the rotation axis direction of the first sleeve, and the extension direction of the hydraulic cylinder is parallel to the horizontal plane, the hydraulic cylinder of the upper shear force assembly applies shear force to the upper part of the test specimen through the frame of the upper shear box assembly, and the hydraulic cylinder of the lower shear force assembly applies shear force to the lower part of the test specimen through the frame of the lower shear box assembly; The L-shaped mounting block is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the frame, and the end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder contacts the inner wall of the L-shaped mounting block.

8. The rock shear force test device for a water-rich environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is in a ball head shape.

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