Fuel cell polar plate runner structure, fuel cell bipolar plate and hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell polar plate runner structure, a fuel cell bipolar plate and a hydrogen fuel cell. According to the fuel cell pole plate runner structure, a plurality of first runners and second runners are arranged on a cell pole plate, a plurality of mass transfer cavities which are located on the cell pole plate and have the cross section area larger than that of the first runners are connected to the first runners in series, and the cross section area of the second runners is smaller than that of the first runners. The large cross section of the mass transfer cavity provides more space for the working medium, so that the working medium can be better mixed and diffused in the space, and the mass transfer rate and efficiency are improved. Due to the fact that the cross section of the second flow channel is small, when the working medium flows through the second flow channel, high flow speed and pressure can be generated, an obvious pressure difference is formed between the working medium and the first flow channel, and permeation of the working medium in the first flow channel to a membrane electrode of the battery is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell polar plate flow channel structure, a fuel cell bipolar plate and a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device, fuel cells have shown great application potential in the fields of new energy vehicles and distributed power generation systems in recent years. Among them, bipolar plates, as one of the key components of fuel cells, not only undertake multiple functions such as gas distribution, current conduction and battery stack structure support, but their material selection and design are directly related to the performance, cost and reliability of fuel cells.

[0003] At present, the bipolar plate materials widely used in fuel cells mainly include injection molded graphite bipolar plates and flexible graphite bipolar plates. Graphite materials are widely used due to their good conductivity, corrosion resistance and certain high temperature resistance. However, graphite bipolar plates have significant limitations: on the one hand, their thickness and weight are relatively large, which not only increases the overall volume and weight of the fuel cell stack, limits the development of fuel cells in the direction of lightweight and miniaturization, but also increases the cost of transportation and installation; on the other hand, the mechanical strength of graphite materials is relatively low, and it is easy to break when subjected to external force impact, thereby affecting the overall structural integrity and operational safety of the fuel cell stack, and in severe cases may cause battery failure.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of graphite bipolar plates, the industry has begun to explore more ideal bipolar plate materials. Metal plates have gradually become a strong candidate to replace graphite bipolar plates due to their advantages such as light weight, small size, high strength and good recyclability. The application of metal bipolar plates can not only significantly reduce the weight and volume of fuel cell stacks and improve energy density, but also help promote the cost reduction of fuel cell systems and the development of circular economy, showing a broader development prospect.

[0005] In addition, the flow channel design on the bipolar plate is crucial to optimizing the performance of the fuel cell. Traditional flow channel designs mainly include flat flow channels and serpentine flow channels. Flat flow channels are simple in design and have low flow resistance, but the mass transfer effect is relatively limited, which may affect the reaction efficiency and performance output of the fuel cell. Although the serpentine flow channel can improve the mass transfer effect to a certain extent, its complex flow path increases the flow resistance, and its application is limited in the design of large-size plate flow fields, which is not conducive to the large-scale application and optimization of fuel cells.

[0006] Therefore, developing efficient mass transfer flow channels on bipolar plates has become a key technical challenge to improve fuel cell performance, reduce costs, and promote its commercialization. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problem of poor mass transfer effect of bipolar plate flow channels in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a fuel cell plate flow channel structure, a fuel cell bipolar plate and a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] The present invention proposes a fuel cell plate flow channel structure, wherein a plurality of first flow channels and at least one second flow channel are provided on the battery plate, wherein the first flow channel connects in series a plurality of mass transfer chambers located on the battery plate and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the first flow channel, a second flow channel is provided between two adjacent first flow channels, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is smaller than that of the first flow channel, and a pressure difference is formed after a working fluid is introduced into the first flow channel and the second flow channel, thereby promoting the penetration of the working fluid into the membrane electrode of the battery.

[0010] Furthermore, the first flow channel is in an elongated strip shape, and a plurality of the mass transfer chambers are arranged in a straight line at intervals on the first flow channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the second flow channel is divided into a plurality of first mass transfer sections and a plurality of second mass transfer sections with different cross sections, the first mass transfer sections and the second mass transfer sections are alternately arranged, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first mass transfer section is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second mass transfer section.

[0012] Furthermore, the front side of the battery plate is recessed to form the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the mass transfer chamber, and the back side of the battery plate forms a mesh-like third flow channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass transfer chamber is arc-shaped or rectangular.

[0014] Furthermore, the battery plate is made of titanium alloy.

[0015] Furthermore, the battery plates are made of stainless steel.

[0016] A fuel cell bipolar plate comprises two battery plates, wherein the battery plates comprise any one of the fuel cell plate flow channel structures.

[0017] Furthermore, the two battery plates are arranged back to back.

[0018] Furthermore, the two battery plates are arranged to face each other.

[0019] A hydrogen fuel cell comprises the fuel cell bipolar plate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a fuel cell plate flow channel structure, in which a plurality of first flow channels and second flow channels are arranged on the battery plate, and a plurality of mass transfer chambers located on the battery plate and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the first flow channel are connected in series on the first flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is smaller than that of the first flow channel. The larger cross-sectional area of ​​the mass transfer chamber provides more space for the working fluid, so that the working fluid can be better mixed and diffused therein, thereby improving the mass transfer rate and efficiency. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is smaller, when the working fluid flows through the second flow channel, a higher flow rate and pressure will be generated, forming a significant pressure difference with the first flow channel, thereby promoting the working fluid in the first flow channel to penetrate into the membrane electrode of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a battery plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a battery plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery bipolar plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery bipolar plate in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen fuel cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] 1. first flow channel; 11. mass transfer chamber;

[0028] 2. Second flow channel;

[0029] 01. Battery plates;

[0030] 3. The third flow channel;

[0031] 4. Battery bipolar plates;

[0032] 5. Membrane electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] The principle and structure of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] As an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device, fuel cells have shown great application potential in the fields of new energy vehicles and distributed power generation systems in recent years. Among them, bipolar plates, as one of the key components of fuel cells, not only undertake multiple functions such as gas distribution, current conduction and battery stack structure support, but their material selection and design are directly related to the performance, cost and reliability of fuel cells.

[0036] At present, the bipolar plate materials widely used in fuel cells mainly include injection molded graphite bipolar plates and flexible graphite bipolar plates. Graphite materials are widely used due to their good conductivity, corrosion resistance and certain high temperature resistance. However, graphite bipolar plates have significant limitations: on the one hand, their thickness and weight are relatively large, which not only increases the overall volume and weight of the fuel cell stack, limits the development of fuel cells in the direction of lightweight and miniaturization, but also increases the cost of transportation and installation; on the other hand, the mechanical strength of graphite materials is relatively low, and it is easy to break when subjected to external force impact, thereby affecting the overall structural integrity and operational safety of the fuel cell stack, and in severe cases may cause battery failure.

[0037] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of graphite bipolar plates, the industry has begun to explore more ideal bipolar plate materials. Metal plates have gradually become a strong candidate to replace graphite bipolar plates due to their advantages such as light weight, small size, high strength and good recyclability. The application of metal bipolar plates can not only significantly reduce the weight and volume of fuel cell stacks and improve energy density, but also help promote the cost reduction of fuel cell systems and the development of circular economy, showing a broader development prospect.

[0038] In addition, the flow channel design on the bipolar plate is crucial to optimizing the performance of the fuel cell. Traditional flow channel designs mainly include flat flow channels and serpentine flow channels. Flat flow channels are simple in design and have low flow resistance, but the mass transfer effect is relatively limited, which may affect the reaction efficiency and performance output of the fuel cell. Although the serpentine flow channel can improve the mass transfer effect to a certain extent, its complex flow path increases the flow resistance, and its application is limited in the design of large-size plate flow fields, which is not conducive to the large-scale application and optimization of fuel cells.

[0039] Therefore, developing efficient mass transfer flow channels on bipolar plates has become a key technical challenge to improve fuel cell performance, reduce costs, and promote its commercialization.

[0040] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention proposes a fuel cell plate flow channel structure, wherein a plurality of first flow channels 1 and at least one second flow channel 2 are provided on the battery plate 01, the first flow channel 1 connects in series a plurality of mass transfer chambers 11 located on the battery plate and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the first flow channel 1, a second flow channel 2 is provided between two adjacent first flow channels 1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 2 is smaller than that of the first flow channel 1, after the working fluid is introduced into the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2, a pressure difference is formed due to the difference in their cross-sectional areas, thereby promoting the working fluid to penetrate into the membrane electrode 5 of the battery.

[0041] A plurality of first flow channels 1 and at least one second flow channel 2 are provided on the battery plate 01. The first flow channel 1 is responsible for evenly distributing the working fluid (such as hydrogen or oxygen) to various areas of the battery plate 01. The mass transfer chamber 11 is designed to provide a relatively spacious space to promote the retention and diffusion of the working fluid therein, increase the contact area between the working fluid and the membrane electrode 5 of the battery, and thus improve the reaction efficiency. A second flow channel 2 having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first flow channel 1 is provided between two adjacent first flow channels 1. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 2 is smaller, when the working fluid flows through, a higher flow velocity and pressure will be generated, forming a significant pressure difference with the first flow channel 1, thereby promoting the penetration of the working fluid into the membrane electrode 5 of the battery.

[0042] By providing the mass transfer chamber 11 and the second flow channel 2 to form a pressure difference, the diffusion speed of the working medium in the battery plate 01 and the contact area with the membrane electrode 5 are significantly improved, thereby enhancing the mass transfer efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0043] In a further embodiment, the first flow channel 1 is in a long strip shape, and a plurality of mass transfer chambers 11 are arranged in a straight line at intervals on the first flow channel 1. The plurality of first flow channels 1 are arranged in parallel. The mass transfer chambers 11 at the same position of the plurality of first flow channels 1 are in a straight line, and the straight line is perpendicular to the first flow channel 1.

[0044] By precisely controlling the layout of the first flow channel 1 and the mass transfer chamber 11, the present invention achieves compactness of the structure of the battery plate 01 while maintaining efficient mass transfer. This helps to reduce the volume and weight of the fuel cell and improve its flexibility and adaptability in various application scenarios.

[0045] In a further embodiment, the second flow channel 2 is divided into: a plurality of first mass transfer sections and a plurality of second mass transfer sections, the first mass transfer sections and the second mass transfer sections are alternately arranged, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first mass transfer section is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second mass transfer section. The second mass transfer section is located between two adjacent first flow channels 1, and the first mass transfer section is located between the mass transfer chambers 11 of the two adjacent first flow channels.

[0046] The staggered arrangement of the first mass transfer section and the second mass transfer section can form a more complex fluid flow path, which helps to evenly distribute and fully mix the working fluid in the battery plate 01. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the first mass transfer section is large, more space can be provided for the working fluid to stay and diffuse, thereby increasing the contact area between the working fluid and the membrane electrode 5 and improving the mass transfer efficiency. By precisely controlling the size and layout of the first mass transfer section and the second mass transfer section, the compactness of the battery plate 01 structure can be achieved while maintaining efficient mass transfer. This design enables fuel cells to have higher flexibility and adaptability in various application scenarios and can meet the needs of different fields. In summary, the design of the second flow channel 2 including multiple first mass transfer sections and multiple second mass transfer sections and staggered arrangement brings significant advantages to the fuel cell plate 01. This design not only enhances the mass transfer effect and optimizes the fluid dynamics performance, but also improves the overall performance and structural compactness of the fuel cell.

[0047] In a further embodiment, the mass transfer chamber 11 is arc-shaped or rectangular. In this embodiment, the mass transfer chamber 11 is circular. The shape of the mass transfer chamber 11 is not limited, as long as the cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 1.

[0048] The larger cross-sectional area of ​​the mass transfer chamber 11 provides more space for the working fluid, allowing the working fluid to mix and diffuse better therein. This helps to increase the contact area between the fluid and the electrode surface, thereby improving the mass transfer rate and efficiency. Different shapes (such as arcs, rectangles or circles) can be optimized according to actual application scenarios to maximize the contact area between the working fluid and the membrane electrode 5 of the battery while ensuring the uniformity and stability of the fluid flow. The different shape designs of the mass transfer chamber 11 can be adjusted according to the overall layout and size requirements of the fuel cell stack, thereby enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the structure.

[0049] A plurality of circular mass transfer chambers 11 are provided on the first flow channel 1. The upper cross-sectional area of ​​the mass transfer chamber 11 on the plane parallel to the three-dimensional coordinate YOZ is always larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 1. When the working medium (hydrogen or oxygen) flows into the first flow channel 1 from one end of the first flow channel 1 at a speed of V0, when passing through the mass transfer chamber 11, the speed becomes V1 (V1 is the average speed of the working medium flowing in the mass transfer chamber 11). Since the volume of the working medium increases when it flows into the mass transfer chamber 11, the pressure decreases, and the speed V0>V1, that is, the speed of the working medium decreases after it flows into the mass transfer chamber 11, and then the working medium flows out of the mass transfer chamber 11 along the first flow channel 1 again. After the flow out, because the cross-sectional area decreases and the pressure increases, the average flow speed V2 of the working medium here is greater than V1. The working medium flows through the first flow channel 1 alternately at fast and slow speeds. Compared with the straight flow channel, the working medium flows and diffuses more evenly in the first flow channel 1. The second flow channel 2 is close to the first flow channel 1, and is slender with a slight change in cross-sectional area; the second flow channel 2 is smaller than the first flow channel 1, so the average flow velocity V3 of the working fluid in the second flow channel 2 is much faster than the flow velocity of the working fluid in the first flow channel 1, and the working fluid can easily reach the end of the second flow channel 2, and can better provide working fluid for the reaction at the end. In addition, the difference in the flow velocity of the working fluid in the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2 forms a pressure difference between the first flow channel 1 and the second flow channel 2, which promotes the penetration of the working fluid into the membrane electrode 5.

[0050] The relationship between the working fluid flow rate and the cross-sectional area can be described by the continuity equation, that is, v·A=Q. Where v is the flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area, and Q is the working fluid flow rate. This formula shows that when the flow rate is constant, the flow rate is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area, and when the cross-sectional area decreases, the flow rate must increase to keep the flow rate unchanged.

[0051] Preferably, the battery plate 01 is made of titanium alloy.

[0052] Preferably, the battery plate 01 is made of stainless steel.

[0053] Titanium alloy has high strength and relatively low density, which enables it to reduce the overall weight of the fuel cell while ensuring structural strength, and improve energy density and endurance. Titanium alloy has good resistance to a variety of corrosive media and can maintain long-term stability and reliability in the harsh working environment of the fuel cell (such as acidic or alkaline electrolytes). Titanium alloy has good thermal conductivity, which helps the fuel cell to effectively dissipate heat during operation, prevent overheating, and improve the stability and safety of the system.

[0054] Stainless steel is known for its high strength and excellent durability, and can maintain structural integrity and stability during the long-term operation of fuel cells. Stainless steel is a widely used metal material with abundant raw materials and mature processing technology, so the cost is relatively low, which helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of fuel cells.

[0055] In summary, titanium alloy and stainless steel, as the preferred materials for fuel cell plates 01, each have their own unique advantages. Titanium alloy is an ideal choice for high-performance fuel cells due to its high strength, low density, excellent corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity; while stainless steel, with its high strength, durability, cost-effectiveness and good corrosion resistance, provides a more cost-effective solution while meeting basic performance requirements.

[0056] The front side of the battery plate is concave to form a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a mass transfer chamber, and the back side of the battery plate forms a mesh-shaped third flow channel.

[0057] When the working fluid flows through the third flow channel 3, it will flow to both sides and finally merge in the adjacent third flow channel 3, showing a general trend of spreading, which is the most suitable flow channel for coolant. Since the operation of the fuel cell will release a lot of heat, and in order to ensure that the operating temperature of the fuel cell is at a certain temperature, the fuel cell thermal management needs to be very outstanding, and this flow channel shows a general trend of spreading without dead corners, and the coolant is evenly distributed, which makes it easy to adjust the temperature of the fuel cell to the appropriate reaction temperature without local overheating.

[0058] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the present invention further proposes a fuel cell bipolar plate 4, comprising two battery plates, wherein the battery plates adopt the fuel cell plate flow channel structure of the present invention.

[0059] In one embodiment, two battery plates 01 are arranged back to back, and a plurality of fourth flow channels are formed between the two battery plates 01 .

[0060] In another embodiment, two battery plates 01 are arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of fifth flow channels are formed between the two battery plates 01 .

[0061] Two identical battery plates 01 are combined (back to back) to form a double-plate three-cavity bipolar plate (because this patent is mainly aimed at the flow channel, the remaining parts of the bipolar plate are not designed. The remaining parts refer to: hydrogen inlet and outlet, oxygen inlet and outlet, coolant inlet and outlet, sealing structure, inspection port structure, etc.).

[0062] like Figure 5As shown, the present invention also proposes a hydrogen fuel cell, including a fuel cell bipolar plate. Two fuel cell bipolar plates 4 sandwich a membrane electrode 5 to form a single cell. If a fuel cell battery stack with higher power is to be formed, the desired power can be achieved by stacking the fuel cell bipolar plates 4 and the membrane electrode 5 alternately. In reality, in addition to the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode 5, seals, insulating plates, current collecting plates (or guide plates), end plates, fasteners and other auxiliary parts are generally required to complete the fuel cell battery stack (not considered as the main invention point here, no further description is given).

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a fuel cell plate 01, on which a plurality of first flow channels 1 and second flow channels 2 are arranged, and a plurality of mass transfer chambers 11 located on the battery plate and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the first flow channel 1 are connected in series on the first flow channel 1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 2 is smaller than that of the first flow channel 1. The larger cross-sectional area of ​​the mass transfer chamber 11 provides more space for the working fluid, so that the working fluid can be better mixed and diffused therein, thereby improving the mass transfer rate and efficiency. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 2 is smaller, when the working fluid flows through the second flow channel 2, a higher flow velocity and pressure will be generated, forming a significant pressure difference with the first flow channel 1, thereby promoting the working fluid in the first flow channel 1 to penetrate into the membrane electrode 5 of the battery.

[0064] It should be noted that the terms used above are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0065] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0067] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0068] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell plate flow channel structure, characterized in that: A plurality of first flow channels and at least one second flow channel are provided on the battery plate. The first flow channel connects in series a plurality of mass transfer chambers located on the battery plate and having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the first flow channel. A second flow channel is provided between two adjacent first flow channels, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel is smaller than that of the first flow channel. When the working fluid is introduced into the first flow channel and the second flow channel, a pressure difference is formed, thereby promoting the penetration of the working fluid into the membrane electrode of the battery.

2. The fuel cell plate flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow channel is in a long strip shape, and a plurality of the mass transfer chambers are arranged in a straight line at intervals on the first flow channel.

3. The fuel cell plate flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second flow channel is divided into a plurality of first mass transfer sections and a plurality of second mass transfer sections with different cross sections, the first mass transfer sections and the second mass transfer sections are arranged alternately, and the cross section area of ​​the first mass transfer section is larger than the cross section area of ​​the second mass transfer section.

4. The fuel cell plate flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the battery plate is recessed to form the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the mass transfer chamber, and the back side of the battery plate forms a mesh-shaped third flow channel.

5. The fuel cell plate flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass transfer chamber is arc-shaped or rectangular.

6. The fuel cell plate flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery plate is made of titanium alloy or stainless steel.

7. A fuel cell bipolar plate, comprising two battery plates, characterized in that: The battery plate comprises the fuel cell plate flow channel structure as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two battery plates are arranged back to back.

9. The fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two battery plates are arranged opposite to each other.

10. A hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: The fuel cell bipolar plate comprises the fuel cell bipolar plate as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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