Ditching device capable of automatically adjusting seeding row spacing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding machinery, and discloses a ditching device capable of automatically adjusting seeding line spacing, the ditching device comprises a rack and a plurality of sliding units, each sliding unit comprises a ditching slide block, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the bottom surface of each ditching slide block is connected with a ditching device, and the sliding units are arranged on the rack side by side; the ditching sliding block is slidably connected with the rack, and the sliding units are sequentially connected to enable the first connecting rods and the second connecting rods to jointly form a shear type structure. According to the ditching device, the ditching slide blocks are arranged, any two ditching slide blocks are close to or far away from each other, the ditching row spacing can be rapidly adjusted at equal intervals, the positions of all the ditching slide blocks can be locked by fixing any two ditching slide blocks after adjustment is completed, and operation is extremely convenient; the furrow opener comprises a furrow opening mechanism and a self-adaptive mechanism, the furrow opening mechanism comprises a sliding cutting plate, a bionic soil splitting mechanism and two tail wing plates, the outer wall of the bionic soil splitting mechanism is designed by imitating curves of the two sides of the head of a yellow fin tuna, and the device has the advantages of viscosity reduction and resistance reduction and is suitable for planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials under forests in the hilly land of Yunnan province.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sowing machinery, in particular to a furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting sowing row spacing. Background Art

[0002] At present, the Chinese medicinal material sowing machine is still in the research and development stage. Due to the differences in planting agronomy in various regions, the mechanization rate of Chinese medicinal material sowing is low. For the sowing of organic Chinese medicinal materials under the forest in Yunnan Province, the existing field Chinese medicinal material sowing machines are too large to enter the forest for operation, and it is still mainly based on manual planting. The current manual planting method has extremely low mechanization efficiency of sowing and high labor costs, resulting in few available personnel during the sowing period, resulting in low yields, which restricts the development of the authentic forest Chinese medicinal materials industry in Yunnan Province. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop an automatic sowing machine specifically for the sowing environment of Chinese medicinal materials under the forest in Yunnan Province.

[0003] The furrowing device is an important component of the automatic seeder. During the sowing process, the furrowing device first opens a furrow in the soil, then plants the seeds in the furrow in an orderly manner, and then covers the seeds with soil to complete the entire sowing operation. In the furrowing device of the seeder, multiple furrow openers can be arranged side by side at equal intervals to open multiple furrows and sow seeds at the same time during the sowing operation, thereby improving the operation efficiency.

[0004] The understory environment in hilly and mountainous areas is complex, and the row spacing of trees varies, resulting in uneven ridge widths. In addition, different crops have different agronomic requirements for sowing row spacing. For example, when sowing Chinese medicinal materials, the agronomic requirement for direct seeding row spacing is 10 cm, and the agronomic requirement for seedling sowing row spacing is 5 cm. In this environment, the furrowing device is required to have the function of adjusting the sowing row spacing. In existing seeders, the furrow openers on the furrowing device are usually fixed. If the sowing row spacing is to be adjusted, the furrowing device needs to be replaced as a whole, or the installation position of each furrow opener in the furrowing device needs to be adjusted in turn, and the adjustment process is extremely cumbersome.

[0005] In addition, most of the cultivated land in Yunnan is hilly and uneven, and the area has special red soil characteristics, so the existing furrow openers of seed drills are not suitable. This is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the special red soil characteristics make the soil sticky seriously when the furrow openers of existing seed drills, resulting in increased furrowing resistance and machine energy consumption; second, most of the existing seed drills are designed for sowing on large plains, while the ground in hilly areas is uneven, and the furrow openers of existing seed drills have large furrowing resistance, making it difficult to maintain the furrowing depth according to agronomic requirements; third, existing seed drills usually have a separate soil covering device to complete the soil covering operation, which is not conducive to the compact and lightweight design requirements of the whole machine required for operations in hilly and mountainous areas. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a furrowing device which can automatically adjust the sowing row spacing.

[0007] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing comprises a stand and a plurality of sliding units; The sliding unit comprises a furrowing slider, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the bottom surface of the furrowing slider is connected with a furrowing device, the top surface of the furrowing slider is provided with a rotating pin, and the middle part of the first connecting rod and the middle part of the second connecting rod are both rotatably connected to the furrowing slider through the rotating pin; Several sliding units are arranged side by side on the frame, the grooving slider is slidably connected to the frame, and in two adjacent sliding units, the first connecting rod end of the front sliding unit is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod end of the rear sliding unit, and the second connecting rod end of the front sliding unit is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod end of the rear sliding unit.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a spacing adjustment motor and a double-threaded screw, the double-threaded screw is rotatably connected to the stand, the two ends of the double-threaded screw are respectively a left-handed thread segment and a right-handed thread segment, two of the grooved sliding blocks in the several sliding units are respectively threadedly connected to the left-handed thread segment and the right-handed thread segment, and the spacing adjustment motor is used to drive the double-threaded screw to rotate.

[0009] Specifically, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are both made of 6060T6 aluminum alloy material, the ditching slider is made of ABS70 material, and the spacing adjustment motor is a stepping motor.

[0010] Further, the furrowing device includes a furrowing mechanism; the furrowing mechanism includes a sliding plate, a bionic soil-dividing mechanism and two tail wing plates, the bionic soil-dividing mechanism includes two soil-dividing plates, one end of each of the two soil-dividing plates is transitionally connected to one end of the sliding plate, the two soil-dividing plates are symmetrically arranged along the central plane of the sliding plate, the other ends of the two soil-dividing plates are transitionally connected to the tail wing plates, the tail wing plates are parallel to the sliding plate, the bottom ends of the sliding plate, the soil-dividing plate and the tail wing plates have the same height, the soil-dividing plate is a curved surface, the outer wall of the bionic soil-dividing mechanism is designed to imitate the curves on both sides of the head of a yellowfin tuna, and the lower part of one end of the sliding plate away from the bionic soil-dividing mechanism is processed into an arc so that the top of the end is pointed; The trenching mechanism is arranged in parallel below the trenching sliding block, and also includes a seed guide pipe, the bottom end of which is arranged between the two tail wing plates.

[0011] Specifically, a rectangular coordinate system is established on the upward-looking plane of the ditching mechanism, and then, The curve equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of the soil dividing plate is: y = 0.000432871 x3-0.03317 x2+1.00066x+0.5555, where 0≤x≤16.38; Another curve equation of the outer side wall projection line of the soil dividing plate is: y = -0.000432871 x3 + 0.03317 x2 - 1.00066x - 0.5555, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 16.38; The linear equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of the tail wing panel is: y=10, where 16.38≤x≤56.38; Another linear equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of the tail wing panel is: y = -10, where 16.38 ≤ x ≤ 56.38.

[0012] Furthermore, the furrow opener also includes an adaptive mechanism, which includes a connecting column, a spring, an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and two connecting rods, the upper connecting plate is parallel to the lower connecting plate, the two connecting rods are parallel to each other, the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the furrowing slider, the bottom surface of the lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting column, and the other end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the top surface of the furrowing mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the spring is connected to an end of the lower connecting plate close to the tip of the sliding plate, and the other end of the spring is connected to an end of the upper connecting plate away from the tip of the sliding plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower connecting plate and the trenching slider are both provided with mounting holes, and the tube body of the seed guide tube is fixedly arranged in the mounting holes.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing comprises a stand and a plurality of sliding units, wherein the sliding units comprise a furrowing slider, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the bottom surface of the furrowing slider is connected with a furrowing device, the sliding units are arranged side by side on the stand, the furrowing slider is slidably connected with the stand, and the plurality of sliding units are sequentially connected so that each first connecting rod and the second connecting rod together form a scissor-type structure. Any two furrowing sliders can be made to approach or move away from each other, and the position of each furrowing slider can be adjusted at the same time through the scissor-type structure, and the distance between each adjacent two furrowing sliders is always equal during the adjustment process, thereby realizing the rapid adjustment of the furrowing row spacing at equal intervals, and after the adjustment is completed, the positions of all furrowing sliders can be locked by fixing any two furrowing sliders, and the operation is extremely convenient.

[0016] The furrowing device includes a furrowing mechanism, which includes a sliding plate, and the rear end of the sliding plate is connected to two mutually symmetrical soil dividing plates, and the rear end of the soil dividing plate is connected to a tail plate. During the furrowing operation, the sliding plate is used to break the soil to form a furrow, and the lower front end of the sliding plate is processed into an arc knife shape, which is similar to cutting the soil during the furrowing process, which is conducive to reducing the furrowing resistance; the soil dividing plate is used to widen the furrow reclaimed by the sliding plate to the width required by agronomy, and the soil dividing plate is designed as a curved surface. The outer wall of the bionic soil dividing mechanism composed of two soil dividing plates is designed to imitate the curves on both sides of the head of the yellowfin tuna, which is conducive to reducing its forward resistance during furrowing; a seed guide tube is also provided, and the outlet at the bottom of the seed guide tube is set between the two tail plates, so that the seeds transported by the guide tube can accurately fall into the furrow after furrowing. As the furrowing mechanism continues to move forward, the soil outside the tail plate can achieve natural backflow and covering when the tail plate passes the seed position. The furrowing mechanism is integrally formed and made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material with unique properties of high strength, high impact resistance, high wear resistance and self-lubrication, which further reduces viscosity. According to the above, the furrowing mechanism has a relatively simple structure and has the functions of reducing viscosity and resistance. At the same time, it can achieve natural soil covering after sowing, eliminating the need for manual soil covering or the installation of additional soil covering devices, which meets the design requirements of compact and light structure of the whole machine.

[0017] The ditching device also includes an adaptive mechanism, which includes a connecting column, a spring, an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and two connecting rods. The lower connecting plate is connected to the ditching mechanism through a connecting column. The upper connecting plate, the lower connecting plate and the two connecting rods constitute a parallelogram mechanism, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate. The adaptive mechanism has the function of imitating terrain, and is suitable for ditching operations in hilly plots with ups and downs. The height of the ditching mechanism can be adaptively adjusted according to the terrain conditions during the ditching process, and the ditching resistance can be reduced while ensuring the ditching depth. Since the upper connecting plate, the lower connecting plate and the two connecting rods constitute a parallelogram mechanism, the ditching mechanism is always kept in a terrain-imitation state perpendicular to the ground during the adaptive adjustment process, and the viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing function of the bionic soil-dividing mechanism imitating the yellowfin tuna head curve is fully utilized. In the adaptive mechanism, one end of the spring is connected to the end of the lower connecting plate close to the tip of the sliding plate, and the other end of the spring is connected to the end of the upper connecting plate away from the tip of the sliding plate, and the ditching depth can be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the ditching resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a stand and a sliding unit in a furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a furrow opener in a furrow opening device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the furrowing mechanism in the furrowing device shown; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A bottom view schematic diagram of the trenching mechanism shown; Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive mechanism in the furrow opener shown; In the figure, 10-ditching mechanism, 11-sliding plate, 12-soil dividing plate, 13-tail wing plate, 20-adaptive mechanism, 21-connecting column, 22-spring, 23-lower connecting plate, 24-upper connecting plate, 25-connecting rod, 26-installing hole, 30-seed guide tube, 41-stand, 42-ditching slider, 43-first connecting rod, 44-second connecting rod, 45-turn pin, 46-left-handed thread segment, 47-right-handed thread segment, 48-spacing adjustment motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing comprises a stand 41 and a plurality of sliding units. The sliding unit comprises a furrowing slider 42, a first connecting rod 43 and a second connecting rod 44. A furrowing device is connected to the bottom surface of the furrowing slider 42. A rotating pin 45 is provided on the top surface of the furrowing slider 42. The middle part of the first connecting rod 43 and the middle part of the second connecting rod 44 are both rotatably connected to the furrowing slider 42 through the rotating pin 45. The plurality of sliding units are arranged side by side on the stand 41, and the furrowing slider 42 is slidably connected to the stand 41. In two adjacent sliding units, the end of the first connecting rod 43 of the preceding sliding unit is rotatably connected to the end of the second connecting rod 44 of the following sliding unit, and the end of the second connecting rod 44 of the preceding sliding unit is rotatably connected to the end of the first connecting rod 43 of the following sliding unit. Thus, each sliding unit is connected in sequence so that each first link 43 and second link 44 form a scissor structure. When any two trenching sliders 42 are moved closer to or farther from each other, the position of each trenching slider 42 can be adjusted simultaneously through the scissor structure, and the distance between each adjacent trenching slider 42 is always equal during the adjustment process. The trencher is installed on the trenching slider 42. The above design can realize the rapid adjustment of the trenching row spacing with equal spacing between the trenchers. After the adjustment is completed, the position of all trenching sliders 42 can be locked by fixing any two trenching sliders 42, which is very convenient to operate.

[0021] Furthermore, a spacing adjustment motor 48 and a double-threaded screw are also provided. The double-threaded screw is rotatably connected to the stand 41. The two ends of the double-threaded screw are respectively a left-handed thread segment 46 and a right-handed thread segment 47. Two ditching sliders 42 are selected from the aforementioned plurality of sliding units and are respectively threadedly connected to the left-handed thread segment 46 and the right-handed thread segment 47. The spacing adjustment motor 48 is used to drive the double-threaded screw to rotate. The above two ditching sliders 42 and the double-threaded screw constitute a screw nut mechanism. When the spacing adjustment motor 48 rotates, it can drive the two ditching sliders 42 to move closer to each other or away from each other, and then drive all the ditching sliders 42 to move through the aforementioned scissor-type structure to complete the equal-spaced ditching row spacing adjustment, and automatic adjustment can be achieved; after the adjustment is completed, the controller controls the relay to cut off the power supply of the brake line of the spacing adjustment motor 48 with a power-off self-locking function, so that it stops running. Through the self-locking principle of the screw nut mechanism, the above two ditching sliders 42 are locked, and then each sliding unit is fixed relative to the stand 41 under the connection of the aforementioned scissor-type structure.

[0022] In specific implementation, the first connecting rod 43 and the second connecting rod 44 are made of 6060T6 aluminum alloy material, which has high strength, hardness, good corrosion resistance and high toughness; the furrowing slider 42 is made of ABS70 material, which has high strength, hardness, good toughness, good dimensional stability and high manufacturing precision. The spacing adjustment motor 48 uses a stepper motor, which can accurately control the number of rotations / angles through the number of pulses to achieve accurate regulation of the sowing row spacing.

[0023] Further, such as Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the furrowing device connected to the bottom surface of the furrowing slider 42 includes a furrowing mechanism 10. The furrowing mechanism 10 includes a sliding plate 11, a bionic soil-dividing mechanism and two tail wing plates 13. The bionic soil-dividing mechanism includes two soil-dividing plates 12, one end of each of the two soil-dividing plates 12 is transitionally connected to one end of the sliding plate 11, and the two soil-dividing plates 12 are symmetrically arranged along the central plane of the sliding plate 11. The other ends of the two soil-dividing plates 12 are transitionally connected to the tail wing plates 13, and the tail wing plates 13 are parallel to the sliding plate 11. The bottom ends of the sliding plate 11, the soil-dividing plate 12 and the tail wing plates 13 are at the same height. During the furrowing operation, the bottom end of the furrowing mechanism 10 is inserted into the soil at a depth required by agronomy, and then, under the traction of the lifting frame 41 moving forward, the furrowing mechanism 10 moves toward the sliding plate 11 to complete the furrowing operation. During the trenching operation, the sliding plate 11 is used to break the soil to form a trench, and the soil dividing plate 12 is used to widen the trench. In this process, the reclaimed soil accumulates on the outside of the two tail wing plates 13. After the trenching mechanism 10 passes, part of the soil can be backfilled into the trench to achieve natural covering.

[0024] The lower part of the end of the sliding plate 11 away from the bionic soil-dividing mechanism is processed into an arc shape so that the top of the end is pointed, and the lower arc is similar to the edge of an arc knife, which is similar to cutting the soil during the trenching process, which is beneficial to reducing resistance; on the longitudinal section of the soil at the reclamation position, as the sliding plate 11 moves forward toward its tip, the reclaimed soil is discharged from top to bottom to both sides of the trench, which reduces the soil discharge resistance and further helps to reduce viscosity and resistance.

[0025] The soil dividing plate 12 is designed to be a curved surface, so that the end of the bionic soil dividing mechanism near the sliding cutting plate 11 is pointed, and the outer wall of the bionic soil dividing mechanism is designed by imitating the curves on both sides of the head of the yellowfin tuna. According to relevant data, tuna is the only large fish that can swim long distances and at a faster speed, and among them, the yellowfin tuna is the largest one among the tuna, and is an oceanic highly migratory fish species with great high-speed endurance, which has a close relationship with its body structure. The front 2 / 3 of the fish body of the yellowfin tuna is rigid basically, and after thousands of years of evolution, the two sides of the yellowfin tuna head have formed typical streamlined curves, which can effectively reduce the resistance of seawater when it moves forward quickly. By extracting the curves on both sides of the yellowfin tuna head to design the soil dividing plate 12 curved surfaces, the bionic soil dividing mechanism is made to imitate the shape of the yellowfin tuna head, which can effectively reduce the resistance to advance.

[0026] The ditching mechanism is integrally formed and is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material with unique properties of high strength, high impact resistance, high wear resistance and self-lubrication, which further reduces viscosity.

[0027] The bottom end of the seed guide tube 30 is arranged between the two tail wing plates 13, and the top end of the seed guide tube 30 is connected to the seed meter of the seeder. During the furrowing process, the seeds discharged by the seed meter fall into the groove between the two tail wing plates 13 after being guided by the seed guide tube 30. When the tail end of the tail wing plate 13 passes the seed position, the backfill soil can realize natural covering of the seeds.

[0028] In the specific implementation, the design curve of the contour surface of the soil dividing plate 12 is based on the side curve of the yellowfin tuna's head as a bionic prototype. A stereo microscope and a scanning electron microscope are used to observe and extract the top view projection curve contour of the yellowfin tuna. The curve contour is imported into the CAD software, and the yellowfin tuna head curve is intercepted. The contour surface design curve of the soil dividing plate 12 is obtained by proportional scaling and fitting according to the agronomic requirements and the designed trench width.

[0029] According to the agronomic requirements of crops such as Chinese medicinal materials, the trench width is greater than or equal to 20mm and the length of the soil dividing plate 12 is less than 17mm. After adjusting the size and position of the yellowfin tuna curve contour map, a plane coordinate system is constructed with the central axis of the yellowfin tuna trunk as the x-axis and the straight line perpendicular to the x-axis and tangent to the fish head as the y-axis, and the curve contour of its head is traced. The coordinates of 20 points are imported into Origin to fit the head curve, and the design curve of the contour surface of the soil dividing plate 12 is obtained. Figure 5 As shown, a rectangular coordinate system is established on the upward viewing plane of the ditching mechanism, and then: The curve equation of the outer wall projection line of a soil dividing plate 12 is: y = 0.000432871 x3-0.03317 x2+1.00066x+0.5555, where 0≤x≤16.38; The curve equation of the outer side wall projection line of another soil dividing plate 12 is, y = -0.000432871 x3+0.03317 x2-1.00066x-0.5555, where 0≤x≤16.38.

[0030] When designing the size of the tail wing plate 13, a single factor test with two factors and three levels was carried out when the trenching speed was 1.5km / h. The tail wing width is the distance between the outer walls of the two tail wing plates 13, unit mm; the tail wing length is the length of the tail wing plate 13, unit mm, and the backfill depth is the height of the soil returned from the tail wings on both sides relative to the bottom of the trench opener (i.e., the bottom of the trench) during trenching, unit mm. Through the data, it was found that when the tail wing width is constant, the amount of backfill increases with the increase of the tail wing length; when the tail wing length is constant, the amount of backfill increases with the increase of the tail wing width. Comparing test groups 3, 6, and 9, it was found that the tail wing width of test group 6 increased by 10mm and the backfill depth increased by 0.6mm compared with test group 3; the tail wing width of test group 9 increased by 20mm and the backfill depth increased by 0.9mm compared with test group 3. Adhering to the design principle of lightness and simplicity, in the case of such a small difference in the amount of backfill, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to determine the design parameters of the trench opener with a tail wing width of 20mm and a length of 40mm, that is, Figure 5 As shown, a rectangular coordinate system is established on the upward viewing plane of the ditching mechanism, and then: The linear equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of a tail wing panel 13 is, y=10, where 16.38≤x≤56.38; The linear equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of another tail wing panel 13 is, y = -10, where 16.38 ≤ x ≤ 56.38.

[0032] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the furrow opener also includes an adaptive mechanism 20, which includes a connecting column 21, a spring 22, an upper connecting plate 24, a lower connecting plate 23 and two connecting rods 25. The upper connecting plate 24 is parallel to the lower connecting plate 23, the two connecting rods 25 are parallel to each other, and the two ends of the connecting rod 25 are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate 24 and the lower connecting plate 23, respectively. The upper connecting plate 24, the lower connecting plate 23 and the two connecting rods 25 constitute a parallelogram mechanism. The two ends of the spring 22 are respectively connected to the upper connecting plate 24 and the lower connecting plate 23, and the spring 22 is used to provide an elastic force to keep the upper connecting plate 24 and the lower connecting plate 23 away from each other. The upper connecting plate 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the furrowing slider 42, the bottom surface of the lower connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting column 21, and the other end of the connecting column 21 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the furrowing mechanism 10.

[0033] When in use, the lifting frame 41 is connected to the machine, and moves forward with the machine (the tip direction of the sliding cutting plate 11 in the ditching mechanism 10 is the forward direction) to drive the upper connecting plate 24 to move forward, and then pulls the lower connecting plate 23 to drive the ditching mechanism 10 to move forward to complete the ditching operation.

[0034] During trenching operations on hilly plots with undulating terrain, the bottom end of the existing trench opener is always at a relatively fixed height position during trenching operations. If the trenching depth of low ground is used as a benchmark, when the trench opener moves from low ground to high ground (for example, there is a bulge in front of the ground), the trenching depth of the high ground becomes greater, and the resistance during trenching will also increase accordingly; if the trenching depth of high ground is used as a benchmark, when the trench opener moves from high ground to low ground (for example, there is a depression in front of the ground), the trenching depth of the low ground becomes smaller or even cannot be trenched, making it difficult to meet agronomic requirements.

[0035] Since the ditching mechanism 10 is provided with an adaptive mechanism 20, when the ditching mechanism 10 moves from the low ground to the high ground, since the lower front end of the sliding plate 11 is arc-shaped, there is a reaction force that is lifted upward during the movement, which can drive the lower connecting plate 23 to be adaptively lifted to complete the ditching operation on the high ground. During the lifting process of the lower connecting plate 23, the spring 22 is compressed, and the elastic force provided by the spring 22 is used to keep the ditching depth on the high ground to meet the agronomic requirements; when the ditching mechanism 10 moves from the high ground to the low ground, the lower connecting plate 23 can be pushed down by the elastic force of the spring 22 to complete the ditching operation on the low ground and meet the ditching depth requirements under the elastic force of the spring 22. It can be seen from this that the adaptive mechanism 20 can be provided to adaptively adjust the height position of the bottom end of the ditching mechanism when the ditching operation is performed on the hilly land with undulating ground, and further reduce the ditching resistance at the ditching depth that meets the agronomic requirements.

[0036] Since the upper connecting plate 24, the lower connecting plate 23 and the two connecting rods 25 form a parallelogram mechanism, the lower connecting plate 23 always remains parallel to the upper connecting plate 24 during the lifting or lowering process, and the posture of the ditching mechanism 10 can be always maintained, so that the front end of the bionic soil-dividing mechanism is always facing the front of the ditching, and its viscosity-reducing and drag-reducing function of imitating the head curve of the yellowfin tuna is fully exerted.

[0037] Furthermore, one end of the spring 22 is connected to one end of the lower connecting plate 23 close to the tip of the sliding plate 11, and the other end of the spring 22 is connected to one end of the upper connecting plate 24 away from the tip of the sliding plate. During operation, it can be understood that in the adaptive mechanism 20, the upper connecting plate 24 is relatively fixed, and the spring 22 is tilted. The elastic force provided to the lower connecting plate 23 can be decomposed into a horizontal component and a vertical component. The horizontal component is used to balance the reaction force of the forward ditching during the operation process, and the vertical component is used to balance the reaction force of the ditching depth during the operation process. During the ditching operation on uneven ground, the connecting rod 25 swings in the oblique rear direction of the upper connecting plate 24 to dynamically adjust the compression amount of the spring 22, that is, the elastic force, so as to dynamically balance the ditching resistance and the ditching depth. For example, when the trenching resistance increases, the lower connecting plate 23 can be pushed to move diagonally upward and compress the spring 22. In this process, the lower connecting plate 23 moves upward to reduce the trenching depth and reduce the trenching resistance. At the same time, the compression of the spring 22 can provide a greater elastic force until the horizontal component of the elastic force can balance the trenching resistance and the vertical component can balance the reaction force of the trenching depth. It can be seen that when working on uneven ground, the trenching depth can be adaptively controlled according to the trenching resistance, that is, the trenching depth can be adaptively adjusted for uneven ground.

[0038] It should be understood that when the trenching mechanism 10 moves from a low position on the ground to a high position, the reaction force on the arc-shaped portion below the front end of the sliding plate 11 can be decomposed into a vertical component and a horizontal component. The vertical component is the aforementioned force that causes the trenching mechanism 10 to tilt upward, and the horizontal component is the trenching resistance. The lifting process of the lower connecting plate 23 is actually the joint action of the vertical component and the horizontal component. It should also be explained that the above is a description of the terrain-simulating adaptive adjustment process of the adaptive mechanism 20 during the trenching process of a trencher, and multiple trenchers arranged side by side can be adaptively adjusted according to the undulations of the ground, so that the entire trenching device is not restricted by the terrain during the trenching operation, and can greatly reduce the trenching resistance and energy consumption while maintaining the trenching depth requirements.

[0039] Furthermore, mounting holes 26 are provided on the furrowing slider 42 and the lower connecting plate 23, and the tube body of the seed guide tube 30 is fixedly arranged in the mounting hole 26. No matter how the lower connecting plate 23 is raised or lowered, the position of the bottom end of the seed guide tube 30 between the two tail wing plates 13 is always maintained unchanged, so as to ensure that the seeds can fall into the furrow after furrowing and be smoothly and naturally covered with soil.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing, characterized in that: It includes a stand and a number of sliding units; The sliding unit comprises a furrowing slider, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the bottom surface of the furrowing slider is connected with a furrowing device, the top surface of the furrowing slider is provided with a rotating pin, and the middle part of the first connecting rod and the middle part of the second connecting rod are both rotatably connected to the furrowing slider through the rotating pin; Several sliding units are arranged side by side on the frame, the grooving slider is slidably connected to the frame, and in two adjacent sliding units, the first connecting rod end of the front sliding unit is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod end of the rear sliding unit, and the second connecting rod end of the front sliding unit is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod end of the rear sliding unit.

2. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spacing adjustment motor and a double-threaded screw, which is rotatably connected to the stand, with two ends of the double-threaded screw respectively being a left-handed thread segment and a right-handed thread segment, and two of the grooved sliding blocks in the plurality of sliding units being threadedly connected to the left-handed thread segment and the right-handed thread segment respectively, and the spacing adjustment motor is used to drive the double-threaded screw to rotate.

3. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are both made of 6060T6 aluminum alloy material, the ditching slider is made of ABS70 material, and the spacing adjustment motor is a stepping motor.

4. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrowing device comprises a furrowing mechanism; the furrowing mechanism comprises a sliding plate, a bionic soil-dividing mechanism and two tail wing plates; the bionic soil-dividing mechanism comprises two soil-dividing plates; one end of each of the two soil-dividing plates is transitionally connected to one end of the sliding plate; the two soil-dividing plates are symmetrically arranged along the central plane of the sliding plate; the other ends of each of the two soil-dividing plates are transitionally connected to the tail wing plates; the tail wing plates are parallel to the sliding plate; the bottom ends of the sliding plate, the soil-dividing plate and the tail wing plates have the same height; the soil-dividing plate is a curved surface; the outer wall of the bionic soil-dividing mechanism is designed to imitate the curves on both sides of the head of a yellowfin tuna; the lower part of one end of the sliding plate away from the bionic soil-dividing mechanism is processed into an arc shape so that the top of the end is pointed; The trenching mechanism is arranged in parallel below the trenching sliding block, and also includes a seed guide tube, the bottom end of which is arranged between the two tail wing plates.

5. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rectangular coordinate system is established on the upward viewing plane of the trenching mechanism, and then, The curve equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of the soil dividing plate is: y = 0.000432871 x3-0.03317 x2+1.00066x+0.5555, where 0≤x≤16.38; Another curve equation of the outer side wall projection line of the soil dividing plate is: y = -0.000432871 x3 + 0.03317 x2 - 1.00066x - 0.5555, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 16.38; The linear equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of the tail wing panel is: y=10, where 16.38≤x≤56.38; Another linear equation of the projection line of the outer side wall of the tail wing panel is: y = -10, where 16.38 ≤ x ≤ 56.

38.

6. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The furrow opener also includes an adaptive mechanism, which includes a connecting column, a spring, an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate and two connecting rods, the upper connecting plate is parallel to the lower connecting plate, the two connecting rods are parallel to each other, the two ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate respectively, the two ends of the spring are connected to the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate respectively, the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the furrowing slider, the bottom surface of the lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting column, and the other end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the top surface of the furrowing mechanism.

7. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the spring is connected to an end of the lower connecting plate close to the tip of the sliding plate, and the other end of the spring is connected to an end of the upper connecting plate away from the tip of the sliding plate.

8. A furrowing device capable of automatically adjusting the sowing row spacing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower connecting plate and the trenching sliding block are both provided with mounting holes, and the tube body of the seed guide tube is fixedly arranged in the mounting holes.

Images