High-altitude rice compartment ditch type non-woven fabric covering direct seeding method and equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rice direct seeding, and discloses a high-altitude rice compartment ditch type non-woven fabric covering direct seeding method and equipment thereof.The high-altitude rice compartment ditch type non-woven fabric covering direct seeding equipment comprises a storage box, a top plate and a leveling pressing plate, the lower end of the storage box is fixedly connected with a funnel, the lower end of the funnel is provided with a seeding mechanism, and the seeding mechanism comprises a rotating column, a variable speed chain wheel set and a driving chain wheel; one long side edge of the top plate is fixedly connected with the side edge of the funnel, side plates are fixedly connected to the lower surfaces of the two ends of the top plate, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the lower ends of the side plates, and a grooving mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the bottom plate. The direct seeding equipment is simple and easy to operate, the seeding specification can be adjusted according to different requirements, leveling, slotting, seeding and non-woven fabric covering are synchronously performed at a time, and the seeding efficiency and quality are improved; the problems that the soil structure and flatness are damaged due to repeated field operation, the subsequent germination and growth of the seeds are influenced, and the seedling height growth speed is uneven are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of direct seeding of rice, and in particular relates to a direct seeding method and equipment for rice with high altitude covered by furrow-type non-woven fabrics. Background Art

[0002] High-altitude rice ridge-type non-woven fabric covering direct seeding is a method of planting rice in high-altitude areas. It selects fields with sufficient sunlight, good soil fertility, and convenient irrigation and drainage in high-altitude areas. The climate in high-altitude areas is changeable, and good drainage and irrigation conditions can cope with excessive rain or drought; the ridge-type refers to the layout of alternating ridges and ridges in the process of rice field preparation.

[0003] Non-woven fabric is a kind of non-woven fabric, which is covered on the bed after direct seeding of rice. It has multiple functions, the first of which is heat preservation. The temperature in high altitude areas is relatively low, especially in the early stage of rice growth. Non-woven fabric can effectively maintain soil temperature and promote seed germination and seedling growth.

[0004] Direct seeding is in contrast to traditional seedling raising and transplanting. In this method, rice seeds are sown directly on the prepared bed without going through the seedling raising stage. This method reduces the labor input and time cost of the seedling raising stage, and also avoids possible damage to the rice seedlings during the transplanting process.

[0005] However, in the existing direct seeding technology, the land must first be deep plowed and soaked in water, then the soil must be leveled, and then grooves must be made in the leveled soil before sowing. After sowing, a layer of non-woven fabric must be covered on the surface to effectively maintain soil temperature and humidity, and promote seed germination and seedling growth. These operations are carried out in a distributed manner, which is not only slow and inefficient, but repeated operations in the field can easily destroy the soil structure and flatness, affect the subsequent germination and growth of seeds, and result in uneven seedling height growth rates.

[0006] To this end, the inventors have introduced a high-altitude rice trough type non-woven fabric covering direct seeding equipment that can perform leveling, grooving, sowing and non-woven fabric covering at one time, thereby increasing the efficiency and quality of sowing and solving the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problem that the above-mentioned direct seeding operations are all distributed, which is not only slow and inefficient, but also easily destroys the soil structure and flatness due to repeated field operations, affects the subsequent germination and growth of seeds, and leads to uneven growth rates of seedling height, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A method for direct seeding rice with non-woven fabric covering in high altitude furrows.

[0009] The following steps are involved:

[0010] Step 1: First, deep plowing is carried out, the depth is generally about 20-25 cm, to loosen the soil and break the bottom layer, which is conducive to the growth of rice roots;

[0011] Step 2: Then dig grooves and make trenches. The width of the trench is generally set at 1.2-1.5 meters, the width of the trench is 30-40 centimeters, and the depth of the trench is 20-25 centimeters. The trench is used for drainage and irrigation. When it rains, it can quickly drain excess rainwater to prevent rice from being flooded. When irrigation is needed, it can ensure that water evenly penetrates the trench surface.

[0012] Step 3: Select rice varieties suitable for high-altitude environments, which should have strong cold tolerance, disease resistance and adaptability. For example, some high-altitude japonica rice varieties are more suitable for planting in high-altitude areas.

[0013] Step 4: Dry the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing, 3-4 hours a day, which can improve the vitality and germination rate of the seeds; use strong chlorine and other agents to soak and disinfect the seeds, generally for 12-24 hours, to kill the bacteria carried on the surface of the seeds and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Rinse with clean water after soaking; place the disinfected seeds in an environment of 30-32℃ for germination, and sow when the whitening rate of the seeds (i.e., the radicle exposure) reaches about 80%;

[0014] Step 5: Evenly distribute the processed seeds to be sown into the storage box, then install and connect the direct seeding equipment to the tail of the towing agricultural machinery, adjust the speed of the speed change sprocket group, adjust the groove depth of the groove wheel through the hydraulic cylinder, and adjust the leveling height of the leveling plate by turning the adjusting nut to carry out the direct seeding operation.

[0015] A high-altitude rice direct seeding device with non-woven fabric covering in a furrow, comprising a storage box, a top plate and a flattening plate, wherein a funnel is fixedly connected to the lower end of the storage box, a sowing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the funnel, and the sowing mechanism comprises a rotating column, a speed-changing sprocket set and a driving sprocket;

[0016] One long side of the top plate is fixedly connected to the side of the funnel, and the lower surfaces of both ends of the top plate are fixedly connected to the side plates, the lower ends of the side plates are fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the lower end of the bottom plate is provided with a slotting mechanism, and the slotting mechanism includes a groove wheel;

[0017] A non-woven fabric pressing plate is movably installed at one corner of the side plate, and a reel fixing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the side plate, and a non-woven fabric laying mechanism is arranged on the reel fixing plate, and the non-woven fabric laying mechanism includes a conical head and a push-pull rod;

[0018] The other two ends of the other long side of the top plate are fixedly connected with a connecting plate, a stabilizing pull rod is movably connected to the connecting plate, the other end of the stabilizing pull rod is fixedly connected with a connecting block, a leveling mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the connecting block, and the leveling mechanism includes a leveling pressure plate.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an arc groove is provided at the lower end of the funnel, and the arc groove corresponds to the outer curvature of the rotating column and is slidably connected thereto. A plurality of sowing grooves are provided on the column body of the rotating column, and the opening positions of the sowing grooves correspond to the openings at the lower end of the funnel. The shafts at both ends of the rotating column pass through the side plates and are movably connected thereto. The shaft at one end corresponds to the shaft of the speed sprocket group and is fixedly connected thereto. The speed sprocket group is transmission-connected to the driving sprocket through a chain.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft of the driving sprocket corresponds to the worm wheel shaft and is fixedly connected thereto, a worm wheel is fixedly installed at the middle position of the worm wheel shaft, and both ends of the worm wheel shaft pass through the side plate and are movably sleeved therewith, a worm is meshed at the lower end of the worm wheel, a worm fixing plate is movably sleeved on the shaft of the worm, and the upper end of the worm fixing plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower surfaces of both ends of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with a groove wheel fixing plate, the lower end of the groove wheel fixing plate is movably sleeved with a groove wheel shaft rod, the groove wheel shaft rod corresponds to the axial hole opened at the center of the groove wheel and is fixedly sleeved therewith, and the installation position of the groove wheel corresponds to the middle position of the interval between the sowing grooves.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rod sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the plate body of the reel fixing plate, the inner opening diameter of the rod sleeve corresponds to the diameter of the push-pull rod, and is movably sleeved therewith, and a positioning knob is threadedly sleeved on the rod sleeve, a handle is fixedly connected to the outer end of the push-pull rod, and a bearing is fixedly sleeved on the inner end of the push-pull rod, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved with the center of the plane of the conical head.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a stabilizing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting block, the other end of the stabilizing plate is fixedly connected to the worm fixing plate, and the upper end of the connecting block is movably connected to a hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably mounted on the rear end of the external agricultural machinery.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the connecting block is fixedly sleeved with a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is movably sleeved with a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the shaft of the worm, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a universal joint, and the universal joint is movably connected to the universal joint of the external agricultural machinery transmission mechanism.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, main connecting plates are movably connected to both sides of the lower end of the connecting block, the main connecting plates are fixedly connected to the rear end of the external agricultural machinery, and the lower end of the main connecting plates is fixedly connected to a height-adjusting frame, stabilizing ears are fixedly connected to both sides of the height-adjusting frame, a limiting slide rod is movably sleeved inside the stabilizing ears, the lower end of the limiting slide rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the leveling pressure plate, and a threaded rod is movably sleeved on the frame body of the height-adjusting frame, the lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the leveling pressure plate, and an adjusting nut is threadedly sleeved on the rod body of the threaded rod, and the adjusting nut is installed inside the height-adjusting frame.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The direct seeding equipment of the present invention is simple to operate and easy to use, and the sowing specifications can be adjusted according to different needs. It also has the functions of leveling, grooving, sowing and non-woven fabric covering, which are all performed simultaneously at one time, thereby increasing the efficiency and quality of sowing; it avoids the problem of destroying the soil structure and flatness due to repeated field operations, affecting the subsequent germination and growth of seeds, and causing uneven growth rates of seedling height.

[0028] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In the attached picture:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional effect of a high-altitude rice direct seeding equipment covered with non-woven fabrics;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sowing mechanism of a high-altitude rice direct seeding equipment with furrow-type non-woven fabric covering;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a storage box for direct seeding equipment for high-altitude rice with furrow-type non-woven fabric covering;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the fixing of a worm and worm gear for a high-altitude rice direct seeding device with a non-woven fabric covering the rice trough;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a non-woven fabric roll fixing mechanism for a high-altitude rice direct seeding equipment with non-woven fabric covering the furrow type;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a slotting mechanism for a high-altitude rice direct seeding device covered with non-woven fabric;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a flattening mechanism of a high-altitude rice direct seeding equipment covered with non-woven fabrics;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection mechanism of a high-altitude rice direct seeding device covered with a non-woven fabric.

[0038] In the figure: 1. storage box; 2. funnel; 3. non-woven fabric pressure plate; 4. reel fixing plate; 5. side plate; 6. speed change sprocket set; 7. groove wheel fixing plate; 8. groove wheel; 9. driving sprocket; 10. bottom plate; 11. transmission shaft; 12. leveling pressure plate; 13. limit slide bar; 14. main connecting plate; 15. hydraulic cylinder; 16. connecting block; 17. stabilizing pull rod; 18. stabilizing plate; 19. top plate; 20. sowing trough; 21. rotating column; 22. worm gear shaft; 23. worm; 24. shaft sleeve; 25. universal joint; 26. worm gear; 27. worm fixing plate; 28. conical head; 29. ​​bearing; 30. positioning knob; 31. push-pull rod; 32. handle; 33. groove wheel shaft; 34. height adjustment frame; 35. stabilizing ear; 36. adjusting nut; 37. threaded rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0040] A method for direct seeding rice at high altitudes with furrow-type non-woven fabric covering, characterized in that:

[0041] The following steps are involved:

[0042] Step 1: First, deep plowing is carried out, the depth is generally about 20-25 cm, to loosen the soil and break the bottom layer, which is conducive to the growth of rice roots;

[0043] Step 2: Then dig grooves and make trenches. The width of the trench is generally set at 1.2-1.5 meters, the width of the trench is 30-40 centimeters, and the depth of the trench is 20-25 centimeters. The trench is used for drainage and irrigation. When it rains, it can quickly drain excess rainwater to prevent rice from being flooded. When irrigation is needed, it can ensure that water evenly penetrates the trench surface.

[0044] Step 3: Select rice varieties suitable for high-altitude environments, which should have strong cold tolerance, disease resistance and adaptability. For example, some high-altitude japonica rice varieties are more suitable for planting in high-altitude areas.

[0045] Step 4: Dry the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing, 3-4 hours a day, which can improve the vitality and germination rate of the seeds; use strong chlorine and other agents to soak and disinfect the seeds, generally for 12-24 hours, to kill the bacteria carried on the surface of the seeds and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Rinse with clean water after soaking; place the disinfected seeds in an environment of 30-32℃ for germination, and sow when the whitening rate of the seeds (i.e., the radicle exposure) reaches about 80%;

[0046] Step 5: Evenly distribute the processed seeds to be sown into the storage box 1, then connect the direct seeding equipment to the tail of the towing agricultural machine, adjust the speed of the variable speed sprocket set 6, adjust the groove depth of the groove wheel 8 by the hydraulic cylinder 15, and adjust the leveling height of the leveling plate 12 by turning the adjusting nut 36 to carry out the direct seeding operation;

[0047] The present invention also discloses a high-altitude rice direct seeding device with non-woven fabric covering in a trench:

[0048] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a high-altitude rice direct seeding device with non-woven fabric covering furrows includes a storage box 1, a top plate 19 and a flattening plate 12. A funnel 2 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the storage box 1. A sowing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the funnel 2. The sowing mechanism includes a rotating column 21, a speed-changing sprocket set 6 and a driving sprocket 9.

[0049] One long side of the top plate 19 is fixedly connected to the side of the funnel 2, and the lower surfaces of both ends of the top plate 19 are fixedly connected to the side plates 5, the lower ends of the side plates 5 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 10, and the lower end of the bottom plate 10 is provided with a slotting mechanism, which includes a groove wheel 8;

[0050] A non-woven fabric pressing plate 3 is movably mounted at one corner of the side plate 5, and a reel fixing plate 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the side plate 5. A non-woven fabric laying mechanism is arranged on the reel fixing plate 4, and the non-woven fabric laying mechanism includes a conical head 28 and a push-pull rod 31;

[0051] The two ends of the other long side of the top plate 19 are fixedly connected with a connecting plate, a stabilizing rod 17 is movably connected to the connecting plate, the other end of the stabilizing rod 17 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 16, and a leveling mechanism is provided at the lower end of the connecting block 16, and the leveling mechanism includes a leveling plate 12;

[0052] A circular arc groove is provided at the lower end of the funnel 2, and the circular arc groove corresponds to the outer curvature of the rotating column 21 and is slidably connected thereto. A plurality of sowing grooves 20 are provided on the column body of the rotating column 21, and the opening positions of the sowing grooves 20 correspond to the openings at the lower end of the funnel 2. The shafts at both ends of the rotating column 21 penetrate the side plates 5 and are movably connected thereto. The shaft at one end corresponds to the shaft of the speed sprocket set 6 and is fixedly connected thereto. The speed sprocket set 6 is transmission-connected to the driving sprocket 9 through a chain.

[0053] In the present setting, the direct seeding equipment of the present invention is simple to operate and easy to use, and the sowing specifications can be adjusted according to different needs. At the same time, it has leveling, grooving, sowing and non-woven fabric covering, which are all performed simultaneously at one time, thereby increasing the efficiency and quality of sowing; avoiding repeated field operations that destroy the soil structure and flatness, affecting the subsequent germination and growth of seeds, and causing the problem of uneven seedling height growth rate.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the shaft of the driving sprocket 9 corresponds to the worm shaft 22 and is fixedly connected thereto, a worm wheel 26 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the worm shaft 22, and both ends of the worm shaft 22 pass through the side plate 5 and are movably sleeved therewith, a worm 23 is meshed at the lower end of the worm wheel 26, a worm fixing plate 27 is movably sleeved on the shaft of the worm 23, and the upper end of the worm fixing plate 27 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate 19.

[0055] In this configuration, the function of the worm wheel 26 and the worm 23 is to transmit power to the driving sprocket 9 via the turbine shaft 22 .

[0056] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the lower surfaces of both ends of the bottom plate 10 are fixedly connected with a groove wheel fixing plate 7, and the lower end of the groove wheel fixing plate 7 is movably sleeved with a groove wheel shaft rod 33, and the groove wheel shaft rod 33 corresponds to the axial hole opened at the center of the groove wheel 8 and is fixedly sleeved therewith, and the installation position of the groove wheel 8 corresponds to the middle position of the interval between the sowing grooves 20; a stabilizing plate 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting block 16, and the other end of the stabilizing plate 18 is fixedly connected to the worm fixing plate 27, and the upper end of the connecting block 16 is movably connected with a hydraulic cylinder 15, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 15 is movably installed at the rear end of the external agricultural machinery.

[0057] In this arrangement, the groove wheel 8 functions to perform a groove operation on the land, and the groove depth of the groove wheel 8 can be adjusted by the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, in a specific embodiment, a rod sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the plate body of the reel fixing plate 4, the inner opening diameter of the rod sleeve corresponds to the diameter of the push-pull rod 31, and is movably sleeved therewith, and a positioning knob 30 is threadedly sleeved on the rod sleeve, a handle 32 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the push-pull rod 31, and a bearing 29 is fixedly sleeved on the inner end of the push-pull rod 31, and the outer ring of the bearing 29 is fixedly sleeved with the center of the plane of the conical head 28.

[0059] In this setting, the function of the conical head 28 is to clamp the roll of non-woven fabric and fix the starting end of the non-woven fabric on the ground. When the equipment moves during operation, the non-woven fabric is automatically unfolded by pulling at the same time, and the length of the push-pull rod 31 can be adjusted to adapt to non-woven fabrics of different widths.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a shaft sleeve 24 is fixedly sleeved inside the lower end of the connecting block 16, a transmission shaft 11 is movably sleeved inside the shaft sleeve 24, one end of the transmission shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the worm 23, and the other end of the transmission shaft 11 is fixedly connected to a universal joint 25, and the universal joint 25 is movably connected to the universal joint of the external agricultural machinery transmission mechanism.

[0061] In this arrangement, the function of the universal joint 25 is to avoid conflict and influence on the transmission effect of the agricultural machinery when the height of the equipment is adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder 15.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the main connecting plates 14 are movably connected to both sides of the lower end of the connecting block 16, the main connecting plates 14 are fixedly connected to the rear end of the external agricultural machinery, and the lower end of the main connecting plate 14 is fixedly connected to a height adjustment frame 34, and the two sides of the height adjustment frame 34 are fixedly connected to stabilizing ears 35, and the internal movably sleeved limit slide rods 13 of the stabilizing ears 35, the lower end of the limit slide rod 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the leveling plate 12, and the frame body of the height adjustment frame 34 is movably sleeved with a threaded rod 37, the lower end of the threaded rod 37 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the leveling plate 12, and the rod body of the threaded rod 37 is threadedly sleeved with an adjusting nut 36, and the adjusting nut 36 is installed inside the height adjustment frame 34.

[0063] In this configuration, the function of the leveling plate 12 is to level the soil after deep plowing and soaking to ensure uniform seed sowing and root implantation.

[0064] The implementation principle of a method and device for direct seeding rice with high altitude rice trench-type non-woven fabric covering is as follows:

[0065] The direct seeding device of the present invention is easy to operate and can adjust the seeding specifications according to different needs. It also has the functions of leveling, grooving, seeding and non-woven fabric covering, which are all performed simultaneously at one time, thereby increasing the efficiency and quality of seeding. It avoids the problem of repeatedly operating in the field to damage the soil structure and flatness, affect the subsequent germination and growth of seeds, and cause uneven growth speed of seedling height.

[0066] When using the device, the processed seeds to be sown are evenly distributed and loaded into the storage box 1, and then the direct seeding device is connected to the tail of the towing agricultural machine, and the rotation speed of the speed change sprocket group 6 is adjusted. At the same time, the groove depth of the groove wheel 8 is adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder 15, and the flat height of the flattening plate 12 is adjusted by turning the adjusting nut 36 to carry out the direct seeding operation; the function of the worm wheel 26 and the worm 23 is to transmit the power to the active sprocket 9 through the turbine shaft 22; the function of the groove wheel 8 is to perform the groove operation on the land, and it can be adjusted by the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 is adjusted to adjust the groove depth of the groove wheel 8; the function of the conical head 28 is to clamp the roll of non-woven fabric and fix the starting end of the non-woven fabric on the ground. When the equipment moves during operation, the non-woven fabric is automatically unfolded by pulling the non-woven fabric, and the length of the push-pull rod 31 can be adjusted to adapt to non-woven fabrics of different widths; the function of the universal joint 25 is to adjust the height of the equipment through the hydraulic cylinder 15 without conflicting with or affecting the transmission effect of the agricultural machinery; the function of the leveling plate 12 is to level the soil after deep plowing and soaking to ensure uniform sowing of seeds and root implantation.

Claims

1. A method for direct seeding rice at high altitudes by covering with non-woven fabrics in furrows, characterized in that ； The following steps are involved: Step 1: First, deep plowing is carried out, the depth is generally about 20-25 cm, to loosen the soil and break the bottom layer, which is conducive to the growth of rice roots; Step 2: Then dig grooves and make trenches. The width of the trench is generally set at 1.2-1.5 meters, the width of the trench is 30-40 centimeters, and the depth of the trench is 20-25 centimeters. The trench is used for drainage and irrigation. When it rains, it can quickly drain excess rainwater to prevent rice from being flooded. When irrigation is needed, it can ensure that water evenly penetrates the trench surface. Step 3: Select rice varieties suitable for high-altitude environments, which should have strong cold tolerance, disease resistance and adaptability. For example, some high-altitude japonica rice varieties are more suitable for planting in high-altitude areas. Step 4: Dry the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing, 3-4 hours a day, which can improve the vitality and germination rate of the seeds; use strong chlorine and other agents to soak and disinfect the seeds. The soaking time is generally 12-24 hours to kill the bacteria carried on the surface of the seeds and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Rinse with clean water after soaking; Place the disinfected seeds in an environment of 30-32℃ for germination. When the seeds are white, that is, the exposure rate of the radicle reaches about 80%, they can be sown; Step 5: Evenly distribute the processed seeds to be sown into the storage box (1), then connect the direct seeding equipment to the tail of the towing agricultural machine, adjust the speed of the variable speed sprocket set (6), and adjust the groove depth of the groove wheel (8) by the hydraulic cylinder (15), and adjust the leveling height of the leveling plate (12) by turning the adjusting nut (36) to carry out the direct seeding operation; A high-altitude rice direct seeding device with non-woven fabric covering in a trench, comprising a storage box (1), a top plate (19) and a flattening plate (12), characterized in that: The lower end of the storage box (1) is fixedly connected to a funnel (2), and the lower end of the funnel (2) is provided with a sowing mechanism, which comprises a rotating column (21), a speed-changing sprocket set (6) and a driving sprocket (9); One long side of the top plate (19) is fixedly connected to the side of the funnel (2), and the lower surfaces of both ends of the top plate (19) are fixedly connected to the side plates (5), the lower ends of the side plates (5) are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (10), and the lower end of the bottom plate (10) is provided with a slotting mechanism, and the slotting mechanism includes a groove wheel (8); A non-woven fabric pressing plate (3) is movably mounted at a corner of the side plate (5), and a reel fixing plate (4) is fixedly connected to one end of the side plate (5). A non-woven fabric laying mechanism is arranged on the reel fixing plate (4), and the non-woven fabric laying mechanism comprises a conical head (28) and a push-pull rod (31); The other two ends of the other long side of the top plate (19) are fixedly connected to a connecting plate, a stabilizing rod (17) is movably connected to the connecting plate, the other end of the stabilizing rod (17) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (16), and a leveling mechanism is provided at the lower end of the connecting block (16), and the leveling mechanism includes a leveling pressure plate (12).

2. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice in high altitudes by covering with non-woven fabrics in furrows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the funnel (2) is provided with an arc groove, which corresponds to the outer curvature of the rotating column (21) and is slidably connected thereto. The column body of the rotating column (21) is provided with a plurality of sowing grooves (20), and the opening positions of the sowing grooves (20) correspond to the openings at the lower end of the funnel (2). The shafts at both ends of the rotating column (21) penetrate the side plates (5) and are movably sleeved therewith. The shaft at one end corresponds to the shaft of the speed change sprocket group (6) and is fixedly connected thereto. The speed change sprocket group (6) is transmission-connected to the driving sprocket (9) via a chain.

3. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice in high altitude with non-woven fabric covering furrows according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shaft of the driving sprocket (9) corresponds to the worm shaft (22) and is fixedly connected thereto; a worm wheel (26) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the worm shaft (22); and both ends of the worm shaft (22) penetrate the side plate (5) and are movably sleeved therewith; a worm (23) is meshed at the lower end of the worm wheel (26); a worm fixing plate (27) is movably sleeved on the shaft of the worm (23); and the upper end of the worm fixing plate (27) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate (19).

4. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice with non-woven fabric covering at high altitude according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surfaces of both ends of the bottom plate (10) are fixedly connected with groove wheel fixing plates (7), and the lower end of the groove wheel fixing plates (7) is movably sleeved with a groove wheel shaft rod (33), and the groove wheel shaft rod (33) corresponds to the shaft hole opened at the center of the groove wheel (8) and is fixedly sleeved therewith, and the installation position of the groove wheel (8) corresponds to the middle position of the interval between the sowing grooves (20).

5. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice in high altitudes by covering with non-woven fabrics in furrows according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rod sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the plate body of the reel fixing plate (4), the inner opening diameter of the rod sleeve corresponds to the diameter of the push-pull rod (31) and is movably sleeved therewith, and a positioning knob (30) is threadedly sleeved on the rod sleeve, a handle (32) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the push-pull rod (31), and a bearing (29) is fixedly sleeved on the inner end of the push-pull rod (31), and the outer ring of the bearing (29) is fixedly sleeved with the center of the plane of the conical head (28).

6. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice in high altitudes by covering with non-woven fabrics in furrows according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stabilizing plate (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting block (16), the other end of the stabilizing plate (18) is fixedly connected to a worm fixing plate (27), and the upper end of the connecting block (16) is movably connected to a hydraulic cylinder (15), the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (15) being movably mounted on the rear end of the external agricultural machinery.

7. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice in high altitudes by covering with non-woven fabrics in furrows according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the connecting block (16) is fixedly sleeved with a shaft sleeve (24), and the shaft sleeve (24) is movably sleeved with a transmission shaft (11). One end of the transmission shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the worm (23), and the other end of the transmission shaft (11) is fixedly connected to a universal joint (25), and the universal joint (25) is movably connected to the universal joint of an external agricultural machinery transmission mechanism.

8. A method and equipment for direct seeding rice in high altitudes by covering with non-woven fabrics in furrows according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower ends of the connecting blocks (16) are movably connected with main connecting plates (14) on both sides, the main connecting plates (14) are fixedly connected to the rear end of the external agricultural machinery, and the lower ends of the main connecting plates (14) are fixedly connected with a height adjustment frame (34), the height adjustment frame (34) is fixedly connected with stabilizing ears (35) on both sides, the interior of the stabilizing ears (35) is movably sleeved with a limit slide bar (13), the lower end of the limit slide bar (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the flattening plate (12), and the frame body of the height adjustment frame (34) is movably sleeved with a threaded rod (37), the lower end of the threaded rod (37) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the flattening plate (12), and the rod body of the threaded rod (37) is threadedly sleeved with an adjusting nut (36), and the adjusting nut (36) is installed inside the height adjustment frame (34).

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