Tilapia mossambica culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tilapia mossambica culture, in particular to a tilapia mossambica culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms. The system comprises a tilapia mossambica culture system, a graded filtering system, a biological fluidized bed system and an aquatic plant planting system which are sequentially connected through water pipes; the tilapia mossambica culture system comprises a culture pond, the aquatic plant planting system comprises an aquatic plant planting pond, and aquatic economic plants are planted in the aquatic plant planting pond. The effect of purifying the tilapia mossambica culture water environment can be achieved, tilapia mossambica is prevented from gnawing plant roots through ectopic planting of aquatic plants, harmful algal blooms such as blue-green algae are effectively inhibited through rhizosphere secretions, the immunocompetence of tilapia mossambica is improved, tilapia mossambica health is promoted, and the tilapia mossambica culture yield is increased; meanwhile, the earthy smell generated after peculiar-smell substances such as blue-green algae are eaten by the tilapia is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tilapia breeding, in particular to a tilapia breeding system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms. Background Art

[0002] Tilapia is an important freshwater farmed fish in the world. Due to its fast growth rate, strong disease resistance and high feed utilization rate, it has become one of the important aquatic products in the world. In the process of tilapia farming, there are basically problems such as water quality deterioration and serious eutrophication due to excessive density. With the eutrophication of the aquaculture water body, harmful algae such as cyanobacteria reproduce rapidly, further affecting the health of tilapia. In addition, the outbreak of cyanobacteria will cause tilapia to have a more serious "earthy smell" problem, which seriously restricts the healthy development of the tilapia industry. The existing tilapia farming methods are mainly pond farming, land-based round ponds and other farming methods, which are difficult to control cyanobacterial blooms in the long term. After the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms, farmers tend to use related algaecides or chemical reagents to kill algae. After the use of such drugs or chemical reagents, it is easy to cause further fluctuations in water quality, and it is easy to cause problems such as dead fish or residual harmful substances during the farming process, which seriously affects the aquaculture output and the quality and safety of aquatic products. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a healthy farming method that can control the algae bloom problem in the tilapia farming environment in the long term. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technologies, the present application provides a tilapia farming system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms. The ectopic planting of aquatic plants not only prevents tilapia from gnawing on plant roots, but also effectively inhibits the occurrence of harmful algal blooms such as cyanobacteria through rhizosphere secretions, thereby improving the immune activity of tilapia, promoting the health of tilapia, and increasing the production of tilapia farming. At the same time, the earthy smell produced by odorous substances such as cyanobacteria after being ingested by tilapia is reduced.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A tilapia breeding system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms comprises a tilapia breeding system, a graded filtration system, a biological fluidized bed system and an aquatic plant planting system, wherein the tilapia breeding system, the graded filtration system, the biological fluidized bed system and the aquatic plant planting system are sequentially connected through water pipes; the tilapia breeding system comprises a breeding pool, which is used for breeding tilapia; the graded filtration system comprises a filter pool, in which a first filter screen, a second filter screen and a third filter screen are sequentially arranged according to the water flow direction; the biological fluidized bed system comprises a biological fluidized bed, in which MBBR fillers are arranged; the aquatic plant planting system comprises an aquatic plant planting pool, in which the aquatic plant planting pool is used for planting aquatic economic plants, a siphon device is arranged in the aquatic plant planting pool, and a water outlet of the siphon device is connected to a water return outlet of the filter pool through a fourth water pipe.

[0005] Furthermore, a booster is installed in the breeding pond.

[0006] Furthermore, the first filter screen is a 10-mesh stainless steel filter screen, the second filter screen is a 50-mesh stainless steel filter screen, and the third filter screen is a 100-mesh stainless steel filter screen.

[0007] Furthermore, three slots are sequentially arranged on the two side walls of the filter pool according to the water flow direction, and the first filter net, the second filter net and the third filter net are respectively inserted into the three slots.

[0008] Furthermore, the first filter net, the second filter net and the third filter net in the filter pool divide the filter pool into four areas. The area surrounded by the first filter net and the filter pool wall is the first-level filtration area, and the area of ​​the first-level filtration area accounts for 40% of the area of ​​the entire filter pool. The area surrounded by the first filter net, the second filter net and the filter pool wall is the second-level filtration area, the area surrounded by the second filter net, the third filter net and the filter pool wall is the third-level filtration area, and the area surrounded by the third filter net and the filter pool wall is the fourth-level filtration area. The second-level filtration area, the third-level filtration area and the fourth-level filtration area each account for 20% of the area of ​​the entire filter pool.

[0009] Furthermore, a microporous aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank, and the microporous aeration device is located in the first-stage filtration area.

[0010] Furthermore, a filter material assembly is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool, the filter material assembly is located in the second filter area, the third filter area and the fourth filter area, and the filter mesh assembly includes a mesh bag, and volcanic rocks are wrapped in the mesh bag.

[0011] Furthermore, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the biological fluidized bed. The aeration generated when the aeration device is working can make the MBBR filler rotate in the biological fluidized bed, accelerate the colonization and growth of microorganisms in the water body on the surface of the MBBR filler, form a biofilm, and promote the nitrification process.

[0012] Furthermore, the water outlet of the breeding pond is connected to the water inlet of the filter tank through a first water pipe, the water outlet of the filter tank is connected to the water inlet of the biological fluidized bed through a second water pipe, the water outlet of the biological fluidized bed is connected to the water inlet of the aquatic plant planting pool through a third water pipe, and the third water pipe is respectively connected to a water pump and a water flow regulating valve. The water pump can actively pump the water in the biological fluidized bed into the aquatic plant planting pool, and the water flow regulating valve can adjust the water flow in the third water pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the siphon device includes a siphon bin of a cylindrical structure, the top of the siphon bin is closed, and an open end connected to the inner cavity is arranged at the bottom of the siphon bin, the open end of the siphon bin is connected to the filter screen assembly through an upper connector, and the lower end of the filter screen assembly is connected to the lower connector, the upper connector and the lower connector are circular ring structures, and slots are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the upper connector, and sealing rings are arranged in the slots, and the upper and lower end slots of the upper connector are respectively clamped with the siphon bin and the filter screen assembly, a slot is arranged at the upper end of the lower connector, and the filter screen assembly is clamped in the slot at the upper end of the lower connector, and the lower end of the lower connector is fixed in the aquatic plant planting pool, a siphon tube is arranged in the inner cavity of the siphon bin, and the lower end of the siphon tube is connected to the upper end of the fourth water pipe through a water pipe connector.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can achieve the effect of purifying the water environment for tilapia breeding. The ectopic planting of aquatic plants can prevent tilapia from gnawing on plant roots, and the occurrence of harmful algal blooms such as blue algae can be effectively inhibited through rhizosphere secretions, thereby improving the immune activity of tilapia, promoting the health of tilapia, and increasing the breeding yield of tilapia. At the same time, the earthy smell generated by odorous substances such as blue algae after being ingested by tilapia is reduced. At the same time, the present invention can produce high-quality aquatic vegetables, reduce water resource waste, improve breeding efficiency, promote resource recycling, and contribute to the green and sustainable development of tilapia breeding. The present invention realizes the circulation purification of breeding water through a graded filtration system and a biological fluidized bed system, thereby improving the quality of breeding water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the siphon device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the filter assembly of the present invention.

[0018] Among them: 1. Breeding pond; 2. Filtration tank; 3. Biological fluidized bed; 4. Aquatic plant planting pool; 5. Aerator; 6. First filter screen; 7. Second filter screen; 8. Third filter screen; 9. MBBR filler; 10. Aeration device; 11. Siphon device; 12. Water pump; 13. Water flow regulating valve; 14. First water pipe; 15. Second water pipe; 16. Third water pipe; 17. Fourth water pipe; 18. Siphon bin; 19. Upper connector; 20. Filter screen assembly; 21. Lower connector; 22. Siphon tube; 23. Water pipe connector; 25. Filter screen frame; 26. Filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, a tilapia farming system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms includes four subsystems, namely, a tilapia farming system, a graded filtration system, a biological fluidized bed system, and an aquatic plant planting system, which are connected in sequence through water pipes. The tilapia farming system provides a place for tilapia farming, the graded filtration system can grade and filter the water in the tilapia farming system, the biological fluidized bed system can biologically treat the sewage in the tilapia farming system, and the aquatic plant planting system can inhibit the occurrence of harmful algal blooms such as blue algae in the water of the tilapia farming system.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the tilapia breeding system includes a breeding pond 1, which is used for breeding tilapia. A booster 5 is arranged in the breeding pond 1. During the tilapia breeding process, the booster 5 is turned on regularly to keep the dissolved oxygen in the water of the breeding pond 1 not less than 5 mg / L.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the graded filtration system includes a filter pool 2, in which a first filter screen 6, a second filter screen 7 and a third filter screen 8 are arranged in sequence according to the direction of water flow. The first filter screen 6 is a 10-mesh stainless steel filter screen, the second filter screen 7 is a 50-mesh stainless steel filter screen, and the third filter screen 8 is a 100-mesh stainless steel filter screen.

[0023] In order to facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the first filter screen 6, the second filter screen 7 and the third filter screen 8, three slots are sequentially arranged on the two side walls of the filter pool 2 according to the water flow direction, and the first filter screen 6, the second filter screen 7 and the third filter screen 8 are respectively inserted into the three slots. As needed, the staff can clean or replace the first filter screen 6, the second filter screen 7 and the third filter screen 8 in the filter pool 2 at any time.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the first filter screen 6, the second filter screen 7 and the third filter screen 8 in the filter pool 2 divide the filter pool 2 into four areas, wherein the area surrounded by the first filter screen 6 and the pool wall of the filter pool 2 is the first-level filter area, and the area of ​​the first-level filter area accounts for 40% of the area of ​​the entire filter pool 2. The area surrounded by the first filter screen 6, the second filter screen 7 and the pool wall of the filter pool 2 is the second-level filter area, the area surrounded by the second filter screen 7, the third filter screen 8 and the pool wall of the filter pool 2 is the third-level filter area, and the area surrounded by the third filter screen 8 and the pool wall of the filter pool 2 is the fourth-level filter area, and the second-level filter area, the third-level filter area and the fourth-level filter area each account for 20% of the area of ​​the entire filter pool 2.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, a microporous aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool 2, and the microporous aeration device is located in the first filter area. The microporous aeration device can increase the oxygen content in the water body. A filter material assembly is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool 2, and the filter material assembly is located in the second filter area, the third filter area, and the fourth filter area. The filter screen assembly includes a mesh bag, and volcanic rocks are wrapped in the mesh bag.

[0026] During use, photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus are sprayed into the filter pool 2 at regular intervals, and the first filter screen 6, the second filter screen 7, the third filter screen 8 and the filter screen assembly are cleaned to avoid clogging.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the biological fluidized bed system includes a biological fluidized bed 3, an MBBR filler 9 is arranged in the biological fluidized bed 3, and an aeration device 10 is arranged at the bottom of the biological fluidized bed 3. The airflow generated by the aeration device 10 when working can make the MBBR filler 9 rotate in the biological fluidized bed 3, accelerate the colonization and growth of microorganisms in the water body on the surface of the MBBR filler 9, form a biofilm, and promote the nitrification process.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the aquatic plant planting system includes an aquatic plant planting pool 4, which is used to plant aquatic economic plants, such as water celery, water spinach, etc. The number of plants planted is controlled to be 10 to 20 times the number of tilapia cultured.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a siphon device 11 is provided in the aquatic plant planting pool 4, and the water outlet of the siphon device 11 is connected to the water return port of the filter pool 2 through the fourth water pipe 17. The siphon device 11 can keep the water level in the aquatic plant planting pool 4 within a certain range, and the aquatic plants in the aquatic plant planting pool 4 are harvested and replanted regularly after planting.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the siphon device 11 includes a siphon bin 18 of a cylindrical structure. The siphon bin 18 is made of a transparent material, and the internal situation of the siphon bin 18 can be clearly observed from the outside. The top of the siphon bin 18 is closed, and an open end connected to the inner cavity is set at the bottom of the siphon bin 18. The open end of the siphon bin 18 is connected to the filter screen assembly 20 through the upper connector 20, and the lower end of the filter screen assembly 20 is connected to the lower connector 21. The upper connector 20 and the lower connector 21 are annular structures. The upper and lower ends of the upper connector 20 are respectively provided with card slots, and a sealing ring is provided in the card slot. The upper and lower end card slots of the upper connector 20 are respectively clamped with the siphon bin 18 and the filter screen assembly 20, and the upper end of the lower connector 21 is provided with a card slot. The filter screen assembly 20 is clamped in the card slot at the upper end of the lower connector 21, and the lower end of the lower connector 21 is fixed in the aquatic plant planting pool 4.

[0031] like Figure 3As shown, the filter assembly 20 includes a filter frame 25 made of PVC material, and a filter 26 made of high-density nylon material is arranged inside the filter frame 25. The pore size of the filter 26 is 100 meshes. The filter assembly 20 is clamped between the upper connector 20 and the lower connector 21.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, a siphon tube 22 is arranged in the inner cavity of the siphon bin 18, and the lower end of the siphon tube 22 is connected to the upper end of the fourth water pipe 17 through a water pipe connector 23. The upper end opening of the siphon tube 22 is located above the water surface of the aquatic plant planting pool 4. When the water surface of the aquatic plant planting pool 4 rises, excess water enters the fourth water pipe 17 through the siphon tube 22 and is discharged.

[0033] The siphon device 11 ensures that the water level in the aquatic plant planting pool 4 is not higher than the height of the upper opening of the siphon tube 22, and the filter assembly 20 ensures that plant residues, pests, etc. (if any) do not enter the breeding pool. The siphon bin 18 realizes the visualization of the device.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the water outlet of the breeding pond 1 is connected to the water inlet of the filter tank 2 through the first water pipe 14, the water outlet of the filter tank 2 is connected to the water inlet of the biological fluidized bed 3 through the second water pipe 15, and the water outlet of the biological fluidized bed 3 is connected to the water inlet of the aquatic plant planting pond 4 through the third water pipe 16.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the third water pipe 16 is respectively connected to a water pump 12 and a water flow regulating valve 13 , the water pump 12 can actively pump the water in the biological fluidized bed 3 into the aquatic plant planting pool 4 , and the water flow regulating valve 13 can adjust the water flow in the third water pipe 16 .

[0036] According to the embodiment of the present invention, a tilapia healthy breeding experimental system for long-term control of harmful algal blooms and increased yield was established in the ecological room laboratory, and a tilapia breeding system without aquatic plants was established as a control system. The effect was verified by experiments, and the specific results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below:

[0037] Table 1. Chlorophyll a concentration in the experimental system and the control system The superscript letters a and b in Table 1 indicate that the data are significantly different ( P < 0.05)

[0038] Table 2. Comparison of tilapia growth performance indicators between the experimental system and the control system The experimental results showed that the chlorophyll a concentration in the experimental system was significantly lower than that in the control system ( P< 0.05), indicating that the present invention can achieve a long-term algae control effect; secondly, the weight growth rate and specific growth rate of tilapia in the experimental system were significantly higher than those in the control system ( P < 0.001, and the bait coefficient is significantly lower ( P < 0.05), indicating that the present invention can significantly increase the tilapia farming yield and improve the farming efficiency.

Claims

1. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms, comprising a tilapia culture system, a graded filtration system, a biological fluidized bed system and an aquatic plant planting system, characterized in that: The tilapia breeding system, the graded filtration system, the biological fluidized bed system and the aquatic plant planting system are connected in sequence through water pipes; the tilapia breeding system comprises a breeding pool (1), the breeding pool (1) is used for breeding tilapia; the graded filtration system comprises a filter pool (2), the filter pool (2) is provided with a first filter screen (6), a second filter screen (7) and a third filter screen (8) in sequence according to the water flow direction; the biological fluidized bed system comprises a biological fluidized bed (3), the biological fluidized bed (3) is provided with an MBBR filler (9); the aquatic plant planting system comprises an aquatic plant planting pool (4), the aquatic plant planting pool (4) is used for planting aquatic economic plants, a siphon device (11) is provided in the aquatic plant planting pool (4), and a water outlet of the siphon device (11) is connected to a water return outlet of the filter pool (2) through a fourth water pipe (17).

2. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A booster (5) is provided in the culture pond (1).

3. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first filter screen (6) is a 10-mesh stainless steel filter screen, the second filter screen (7) is a 50-mesh stainless steel filter screen, and the third filter screen (8) is a 100-mesh stainless steel filter screen.

4. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Three slots are arranged in sequence on both side walls of the filter pool (2) according to the water flow direction, and a first filter screen (6), a second filter screen (7) and a third filter screen (8) are respectively inserted into the three slots.

5. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The first filter net (6), the second filter net (7) and the third filter net (8) in the filter pool (2) divide the filter pool (2) into four areas. The area enclosed by the first filter net (6) and the filter pool (2) wall is the first-level filter area. The area of ​​the first-level filter area accounts for 40% of the area of ​​the entire filter pool (2). The area enclosed by the first filter net (6), the second filter net (7) and the filter pool (2) wall is the second-level filter area. The area enclosed by the second filter net (7), the third filter net (8) and the filter pool (2) wall is the third-level filter area. The area enclosed by the third filter net (8) and the filter pool (2) wall is the fourth-level filter area. The second-level filter area, the third-level filter area and the fourth-level filter area each account for 20% of the area of ​​the entire filter pool (2).

6. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A microporous aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the filtration tank (2), and the microporous aeration device is located in the first-stage filtration area.

7. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A filter material assembly is arranged at the bottom of the filter pool (2), and the filter material assembly is located in the second-stage filter area, the third-stage filter area, and the fourth-stage filter area. The filter screen assembly comprises a mesh bag, and volcanic rocks are wrapped in the mesh bag.

8. The tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration device (10) is arranged at the bottom of the biological fluidized bed (3). The aeration generated by the aeration device (10) when in operation can cause the MBBR filler (9) to rotate in the biological fluidized bed (3), thereby accelerating the colonization and growth of microorganisms in the water body on the surface of the MBBR filler (9), forming a biofilm, and promoting the nitrification process.

9. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet of the culture pool (1) is connected to the water inlet of the filter pool (2) via a first water pipe (14); the water outlet of the filter pool (2) is connected to the water inlet of the biological fluidized bed (3) via a second water pipe (15); the water outlet of the biological fluidized bed (3) is connected to the water inlet of the aquatic plant planting pool (4) via a third water pipe (16); the third water pipe (16) is respectively connected to a pumping pump (12) and a water flow regulating valve (13); the pumping pump (12) can actively pump water from the biological fluidized bed (3) into the aquatic plant planting pool (4); and the water flow regulating valve (13) can adjust the water flow in the third water pipe (16).

10. A tilapia culture system capable of controlling harmful algal blooms according to claim 9, characterized in that: The siphon device (11) comprises a siphon bin (18) of a cylindrical structure, the top of the siphon bin (18) is closed, the bottom of the siphon bin (18) is provided with an open end communicating with the inner cavity, the open end of the siphon bin (18) is connected to the filter screen assembly (20) via an upper connector (20), the lower end of the filter screen assembly (20) is connected to the lower connector (21), the upper connector (20) and the lower connector (21) are of annular structures, the upper connector (20) is provided with a card slot at the upper and lower ends, and the card slots are provided with a A sealing ring is provided; the upper and lower end slots of the upper connector (20) are respectively clamped with the siphon bin (18) and the filter assembly (20); the upper end of the lower connector (21) is provided with a clamping slot; the filter assembly (20) is clamped in the clamping slot at the upper end of the lower connector (21); the lower end of the lower connector (21) is fixed in the aquatic plant planting pool (4); a siphon tube (22) is provided in the inner cavity of the siphon bin (18); the lower end of the siphon tube (22) is connected to the upper end of the fourth water pipe (17) via a water pipe connector (23).

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