Bronchus penetrating biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tissue biopsy, in particular to a bronchus penetrating biopsy device with an emergency hemostasis function, the biopsy device is provided with a telescopic unit, a supporting and cutting unit and a rotating unit, and an inflation tube is connected with the rotating unit, so that a medical worker only needs to continuously inject air into the inflation tube, and then the operation is convenient; the whole biopsy mechanism can be rotated and stretched out, and the bronchus wall can be controlled to be cut and opened; when air is exhausted outwards, the external tissues of the bronchus can be sampled. The operation is simple, and biopsy forceps do not need to be used independently. Besides, according to the biopsy device, a balloon is further arranged on the outer side wall of the guide tube, the balloon is located at the position, opposite to the opening of the guide tube, of the side wall, the balloon is connected with an inflation tube, and therefore the inflated balloon can prevent blood flowing out of the cutting position of the bronchial wall from flowing along the upper portion of the bronchial tube; and a supporting effect can be achieved when the biopsy mechanism cuts the bronchus, so that the biopsy mechanism can smoothly cut the bronchus wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tissue biopsy, and in particular to a tracheal biopsy device with an emergency hemostasis function. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the development of bronchoscopic technology, transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) and biopsy forceps biopsy have become important means of obtaining tissue specimens for clear diagnosis under bronchoscopy. The TBNA needle can penetrate the tracheal wall and is mostly used for puncturing enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. The specific method is to insert a fine needle into the outside of the bronchus, and then repeatedly puncture, and cooperate with negative pressure suction to collect the damaged tissue debris for biopsy; while the latter is under ultrasound guidance, using a sheath needle (including a needle core, syringe and sheath) through three parts, and finally the position pointed by the sheath is the position of the lesion, and the lesion is biopsied from the internal channel of the sheath. Compared with bronchial needle biopsy, biopsy forceps biopsy is more convenient for collecting tissue, and the collected tissue block will be larger.

[0003] After searching, it was found that the current biopsy devices are developing in the direction of multifunctionality. The biopsy devices can realize functions such as puncturing and biopsy of the bronchi. For example, the Chinese utility model patent (CN214048921U) provides a puncture forceps biopsy needle used under bronchoscope. The front end of the biopsy needle of the device is conical, the biopsy needle is fixedly connected to the puncture inner tube, and the biopsy forceps is arranged in the inner tube. During the biopsy, puncture is first performed through the puncture tip. After the puncture is completed, the puncture inner tube and the puncture tip are driven back by the push-pull component, and the pull rope is pulled at the same time. Through the cooperation of the connecting rod and the opening and closing mechanism, the clamp head is kept in a closed state. After the clamp head is fully exposed, the force on the pull rope is cancelled, and the reset spring drives the movable block and the connecting rod to reset, and then the clamp head is opened through the opening and closing mechanism to clamp the biopsy tissue sample. After clamping the tissue, the entire puncture forceps biopsy needle is withdrawn to take out the biopsy tissue sample.

[0004] Although the above device can achieve puncture and biopsy, in actual operation, when the biopsy needle is retracted, there is no support component to support the puncture position, which will cause the biopsy path to disappear. In addition, the puncture site will bleed, which is easy to block the field of vision. When the biopsy forceps are extended for biopsy, the accurate position cannot be found, which is blind. Therefore, the applicant invented a transbronchial biopsy device that can achieve cutting, support and biopsy at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bronchial biopsy device with an emergency hemostasis function. The biopsy device only needs continuous gas injection to successively achieve bronchial cutting and expansion. When the gas is released outwards, the external tissue of the bronchus can be grasped. The operation is simple and there is no need to use biopsy forceps separately.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a bronchial biopsy device with an emergency hemostasis function comprises a guide tube, a biopsy mechanism is arranged inside the guide tube near the front end, the biopsy mechanism is used to cut and open the bronchus and grab the external tissue of the bronchus, and the biopsy mechanism can extend to the outside of the guide tube; an inflation tube is arranged inside the guide tube, one end of the inflation tube is connected to the biopsy mechanism, and the other end of the inflation tube extends from the operating end of the guide tube and is connected to an airflow regulating mechanism; the airflow regulating mechanism is used to adjust the flow direction of the airflow, and the airflow regulating mechanism is also connected to a pump body;

[0007] The biopsy mechanism includes a telescopic unit, a supporting and cutting unit and a rotating unit; the power output end of the rotating unit is fixedly connected to the side wall of the telescopic unit, and is used to drive the telescopic unit and the rotating unit to rotate; the telescopic unit is used to send the supporting and cutting unit to the outside of the guide tube; the supporting and cutting unit is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic unit, and is used to cut and expand the bronchus and grab the external tissue of the bronchus;

[0008] The rotating unit includes a cylindrical shell, a fixed plate, a hollow rotating column, a rotating plate and a limit plate; the cylindrical shell is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the guide tube, the bottom of the rotating column passes through the bottom of the cylindrical shell and is movably connected to the inner wall of the guide tube in a resettable manner, the top of the rotating column passes through the top of the cylindrical shell and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the telescopic unit, one end of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column, and the rotating plate and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell are both sealed; the fixed plate is fixedly installed inside the cylindrical shell, One end of the fixed plate close to the rotating column is in sealing contact with the side wall of the rotating column; two chambers are formed between the cylindrical shell, the fixed plate, the rotating plate and the rotating column, an air inlet hole and a plurality of exhaust holes are opened on the side wall of the cylindrical shell, and the air inlet hole and the exhaust holes are respectively located in the two chambers; an air outlet hole is opened on the side wall of the rotating column, and the air outlet hole and the air inlet hole are both connected to the same chamber, and a connecting hole is also opened on the top of the cylindrical shell, and the connecting hole is connected to the inside of the telescopic unit; the limit plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell and is located in the same chamber as the exhaust hole;

[0009] The telescopic unit includes a fixed cylinder, a telescopic column and a spring. The outer wall of the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating column and is connected. The telescopic column is located in the fixed cylinder and is in sealed sliding contact with the fixed cylinder. The end of the telescopic column is connected to the end of the fixed cylinder through a spring. A connecting hole is also opened on the side wall of the fixed cylinder, and the connecting hole can be connected to the connecting hole on the cylindrical shell.

[0010] The supporting cutting unit comprises a sealing sleeve, a second spring, a piston, a plurality of connecting rods, two cutting blades, two rotating rods 1, two rotating rods 2 and a connecting plate; the sealing sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic column, the piston is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the sealing sleeve, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing sleeve close to the fixed cylinder, the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the piston, one end of the plurality of connecting rods is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end passes through the sealing sleeve and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is slidably sleeved on the telescopic column; the connecting plate and the tops of the two cutting blades are rotatably connected by the rotating rod 1; the two cutting blades and the telescopic ends of the telescopic column are rotatably connected by the two rotating rods 2;

[0011] A connecting pipe 1 and a connecting pipe 2 are provided between the sealing sleeve and the fixed cylinder body, the connecting parts of the connecting pipe 1, the connecting pipe 2 and the sealing sleeve are located in the chamber of the piston away from the spring 2, and the connecting parts of the connecting pipe 1, the connecting pipe 2 and the fixed cylinder body are respectively close to the two ends of the fixed cylinder body;

[0012] One-way valves are installed in both the second connecting pipe and the rotating column.

[0013] Furthermore, the one-way valve includes a support frame, a return spring, a sealing plate and a limit ring. The end of the support frame and the outer wall of the limit ring are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 or the rotating column. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the other end of the return spring passes through the limit ring and is fixedly connected to the sealing plate. The sealing plate fits tightly against the limit ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the front end of the cutting blade is a pointed tip, and when the two cutting blades are closed, grooves are symmetrically formed on the fitting surfaces thereof.

[0015] Furthermore, the airflow adjustment mechanism includes a rotating sphere, a spherical shell and a knob, and the inflation tube, the air outlet pipe and the air outlet end of the pump body are all connected to the spherical shell; the rotating sphere is located in the spherical shell, and an L-shaped channel is opened in the rotating sphere, one end of the L-shaped channel is connected to the inflation tube, and the other end can be connected to the air outlet pipe and the air outlet end of the pump body respectively through the rotation of the rotating sphere; the knob is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating sphere.

[0016] Furthermore, a balloon is installed on the outer side wall of the guide tube, and the balloon is located on the side wall opposite to the opening position of the guide tube; the inflation tube sequentially connects the balloon and the cylindrical shell in series.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The fixed cylinder is fixedly connected and communicated with the rotating column in the cylindrical shell, and the telescopic column supporting the cutting unit is inserted into the fixed cylinder. At the same time, the cutting blade in the supporting cutting unit is rotatably connected with the connecting plate and the telescopic column through the rotating rod 1 and the rotating rod 2 respectively. In this way, the medical staff only needs to continuously pressurize and inject gas into the trachea to realize the actions of rotating, extending forward, cutting, opening and biopsy of the cutting blade in sequence. Compared with traditional biopsy forceps, it does not need to cooperate with other opening devices for operation, and the operation is very convenient;

[0019] 2. A second spring is arranged between the piston and the bottom of the sealing sleeve, and a first spring is arranged between the telescopic column and the bottom of the rotating column. At the same time, the bottom of the rotating column passes through the bottom of the cylindrical shell and is movably connected to the inner wall of the guide tube in a resettable manner. When the air is stopped from being pumped into the trachea, the entire biopsy mechanism will automatically return to its initial state under the action of the first spring, the second spring and the torsion spring, which not only enables the biopsy device to be reused, but also facilitates medical staff to remove the biopsy tissue;

[0020] 3. A rotating sphere is arranged in the spherical shell, and an L-shaped channel is arranged in the rotating sphere. The rotating sphere is driven to rotate by a knob. One end of the L-shaped channel is always connected to the trachea, and the other end is a free end that can be connected to the air outlet pipe and the air outlet end of the pump body respectively. In this way, medical staff can change the direction of the airflow by rotating the knob to achieve the effect of air injection and air deflation, thereby adjusting the state of the entire biopsy mechanism;

[0021] 4. In the one-way valve, the sealing plate is contacted and limited by the limit ring, and the sealing plate and the support frame are fixedly connected by the return spring, which not only allows the air flow to flow in the specified direction, but also can achieve the effect of pressure relief at the specified pressure by setting the elastic coefficient of different return springs;

[0022] 5. A balloon is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the guide tube, and the trachea connects the balloon and the cylindrical shell in series in sequence. When air is injected into the trachea, the balloon expands, which can not only prevent the blood flowing out of the bronchial wall cutting position from flowing along the upper part of the bronchus, but also play a supporting role when the biopsy mechanism cuts the bronchus, so that the biopsy mechanism can smoothly cut the bronchial wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transbronchial biopsy device with an emergency hemostasis function provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front end cutting position of the tracheal biopsy device provided in Example 1 of the present invention in the initial state of the biopsy mechanism;

[0025] Figure 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the front section cutting position of the transbronchial biopsy device provided in Example 1 of the present invention when the biopsy mechanism is rotated 90°;

[0026] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front cutting position of the tracheal biopsy device provided in Example 1 of the present invention when the cutting blade of the biopsy mechanism is spread open;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a biopsy mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 7 is a top cross-sectional view of the rotating unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in an initial state;

[0030] Figure 8 is a top cross-sectional view of the rotating unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the airflow drives the rotating plate to rotate 90°;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a top view of the rotating unit provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 is a side sectional view of a rotating unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 is a front view of two cutting blades when they are closed and a cross-sectional view of the groove position provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single cutting blade fitting surface provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of an airflow regulating mechanism provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of the biopsy mechanism provided in Example 2 of the present invention when the cutting blade is closed;

[0037] Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of the biopsy mechanism provided in Example 2 of the present invention when the cutting blade is opened;

[0038] Fig.16 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting position of the front end of the guide tube provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.17 is a schematic structural diagram of the biopsy mechanism provided in Example 3 of the present invention when the cutting blade is closed;

[0040] Fig.18 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting position of the front end of the guide tube provided in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting position of the front end of the guide tube provided in Example 5 of the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals in the above drawings:

[0043] 1. Guide tube; 2. Cutting blade; 3. Opening; 4. Pump body; 5. Knob; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Spherical shell; 8. Inflatable tube; 9. Rotating rod one; 10. Rotating rod two; 11. Fixed cylinder; 12. Column shell; 13. Connecting plate; 14. Sealing sleeve; 15. Piston; 16. Connecting pipe one; 17. Connecting hole; 18. Rotating column; 19. Spring one; 20. Telescopic column; 21. Connecting pipe two; 22. Exhaust hole one; 23. Spring two; 24. Connecting rod; 25. Sealing plate; 26. Limiting ring; 27. Reset spring; 28. Support frame; 29. ​​Inlet hole; 30. Fixed plate; 31. Exhaust hole two; 32. Limiting plate; 33. Rotating plate; 34. Torsion spring; 35. Exhaust hole; 36. Groove; 37. Rotating sphere; 38. L-shaped channel; 39. Balloon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0046] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] Reference Figure 1-19 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment 1: A transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function, such as Figure 1-Figure 13As shown, it includes a guide tube 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the guide tube 1 of this embodiment is a hollow guide tube 1. Figure 1 As shown, an opening 3 is provided on the side wall near the front end of the guide tube 1, and a biopsy mechanism is provided inside. The biopsy mechanism is used to cut and expand the bronchus and grab the external tissue of the bronchus. The biopsy mechanism can extend to the outside of the guide tube 1. Since the guide tube 1 needs to be operated under a bronchoscope, the outer diameter of the guide tube 1 needs to be less than 3 mm. In order to ensure that the cutting blade 2 can smoothly cut the bronchus with a larger diameter, in this embodiment, the telescopic direction of the biopsy mechanism is parallel to the long axis direction of the guide tube 1 in the initial state, and the cutting of the bronchial wall is achieved by rotating the biopsy mechanism. An inflation tube 8 is provided inside the guide tube 1, and one end of the inflation tube 8 is connected to the biopsy mechanism, and the other end of the inflation tube 8 extends from the operating end of the guide tube 1 and is connected to an airflow adjustment mechanism. The specific structure of the airflow adjustment mechanism is shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown, it specifically includes a rotating sphere 37, a spherical shell 7 and a knob 5, and the inflation tube 8, the outlet tube 6 and the outlet end of the pump body 4 are all connected to the spherical shell 7; the angles between the inflation tube 8 and the outlet tube 6 and between the inflation tube 8 and the outlet end of the pump body 4 are all set at 90°, the rotating sphere 37 is located in the spherical shell 7, and an L-shaped channel 38 is opened in the rotating sphere 37. The axis of the knob 5 passes through the spherical shell 7 and is fixedly connected to the rotating sphere 37. The rotating shaft of the knob 5 and the inflation tube 8 are on the same straight line, so that one end of the L-shaped channel 38 is always aligned with the inflation tube 8. When the air is in the connected state, the other end can be connected with the air outlet pipe 6 and the air outlet end of the pump body 4 respectively by rotating the rotating ball 37; when the air flow is injected into the inflation tube 8, the free end of the L-shaped channel 38 is connected with the air outlet end of the pump body 4 by rotating the knob 5, so that the pump body 4 is opened and the pump body 4 is pressurized, allowing the air flow to directly enter the inflation tube 8 and then enter the biopsy mechanism; when use is completed, the knob 5 is rotated to make the free end of the L-shaped channel 38 connected with the air outlet pipe 6, so that the gas in the biopsy mechanism will be discharged through the inflation tube 8 and the air outlet pipe 6, so that it will return to its initial state.

[0049] The biopsy mechanism includes a telescopic unit, a supporting and cutting unit and a rotating unit; the power output end of the rotating unit is fixedly connected to the side wall of the telescopic unit, and is used to drive the telescopic unit and the rotating unit to rotate; the telescopic unit is used to send the supporting and cutting unit to the outside of the guide tube 1; the supporting and cutting unit is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic unit, and is used to cut and expand the bronchus and grab the external tissue of the bronchus;

[0050] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 7-Figure 10As shown, the rotating unit includes a cylindrical cylindrical shell 12, a fixed plate 30, a hollow rotating column 18, a rotating plate 33 and a limiting plate 32; the cylindrical shell 12 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the guide tube 1. In order to enable the rotating column 18 to return to the initial state without pressure, in this embodiment, the bottom of the rotating column 18 passes through the bottom of the cylindrical shell 12 and is connected to the inner wall of the guide tube 1 in the form of a torsion spring 34, and the top of the rotating column 18 passes through the top of the cylindrical shell 12 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the telescopic unit, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, one end of the rotating plate 33 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 18, and the side wall of the other end of the rotating plate 33 and its upper and lower side walls are all sealed and contacted with the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 12; the side wall of the fixed plate 30 away from the rotating column 18 and the upper and lower side walls are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 12, and the side close to the rotating column 18 is sealed and contacted with the rotating column 18, so that the fan-shaped space formed between the cylindrical shell 12, the rotating plate 33 and the fixed plate 30 is a closed chamber, and the chamber space will change with the rotation of the rotating plate 33. An air inlet hole 29 is opened on the side wall of the cylindrical shell 12 corresponding to the chamber, and the air inlet hole 29 is connected to the inflation tube 8. The airflow of the inflation tube 8 enters the chamber through the air inlet hole 29, pushing the rotating plate 33 and the rotating column 18 to rotate. In addition, another chamber is formed between the rotating plate 33, the fixed plate 30 and the cylindrical shell 12. In order to ensure that the rotating plate 33 can rotate smoothly, a plurality of exhaust holes 31 are opened on the side wall of the cylindrical shell 12 corresponding to the chamber, so that the rotating plate 33 can rotate smoothly. In order to ensure that the gas in the telescopic unit can flow out when the entire device is deflated, an exhaust hole 35 is opened on the side wall of the rotating column 18, such as Fig.10 As shown, the air outlet 35 and the air inlet 29 are both connected to the same chamber, so that the gas flowing out of the telescopic unit can enter the cylindrical shell 12 and then be discharged through the inflation tube 8 connected to the air inlet 29; a connecting hole 17 is also provided on the top of the cylindrical shell 12, and the connecting hole 17 is connected to the inside of the telescopic unit. This is to ensure that after the rotating plate 33 rotates 90°, the chamber connected to the air inlet 29 will be connected to the inside of the telescopic unit through the connecting hole 17, so as to ensure that the airflow can enter the telescopic unit during the pressurized gas injection process; in order to ensure that the rotating plate 33 rotates 90°, the limit plate 32 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 12 and is located in the same chamber as the exhaust hole 2 31, so that when the rotating plate 33 rotates 90°, the pressurized gas injection continues, the rotating plate 33 cannot continue to rotate, and the airflow can enter the telescopic unit through the connecting hole 17.

[0051] Telescopic unit Figure 5As shown, it specifically includes a fixed cylinder 17, a telescopic column 20 and a spring 19; the side wall of the fixed cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating column 18, and the interior of the fixed cylinder 17 is connected to the internal space of the rotating column 18, and the telescopic column 20 is located in the fixed cylinder 17 and is in sealed sliding contact with the fixed cylinder 17, so that a sealed chamber is formed between the end of the telescopic column 20 and the fixed cylinder 17, in which the end of the telescopic column 20 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed cylinder 17 through the spring 19; the side wall of the fixed cylinder 17 is also provided with a connecting hole 17, which can be connected to the connecting hole 17 on the cylindrical shell 12, and when the rotating column 18 drives the fixed cylinder 17 to rotate 90°, the connecting hole 17 on the fixed cylinder 17 and the connecting hole 17 on the cylindrical shell 12 are connected to each other to form an air intake channel. The airflow enters the fixed cylinder 17 through the connecting hole 17, which can push the telescopic column 20 to move forward, thereby achieving a telescopic effect.

[0052] Support cutting unit such as Figure 5 As shown, it specifically includes a sealing sleeve 14, two springs 23, a piston 15, two connecting rods 24, two cutting blades 2, two rotating rods 19, two rotating rods 20 and a connecting plate 13; the sealing sleeve 14 is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic column 20, the piston 15 is an annular piston 15, and the piston 15 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 14, one end of the spring 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing sleeve 14 close to the fixed cylinder 17, and the other end of the spring 23 is fixedly connected to the piston 15. In this embodiment, in order to enable the spring 23 to move up and down smoothly, a plurality of exhaust holes 22 are opened at the end of the sealing sleeve 14 close to the fixed cylinder 17. One end of the two connecting rods 24 is fixedly connected to the piston 15, and the other end passes through the sealing sleeve 14 and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 13, and the connecting plate 13 is slidably sleeved on the telescopic column 20; the connecting plate 13 and the top of the two cutting blades 2 are rotatably connected through the rotating rod 1 9; the two cutting blades 2 and the telescopic end of the telescopic column 20 are rotatably connected through the two rotating rods 2 10;

[0053] In order to ensure smooth discharge of airflow during deflation, a connecting pipe 16 is installed on the side wall near the top of the sealing sleeve 14 and the top of the fixed sleeve. In this embodiment, the side wall of the telescopic column 20 is completely in contact with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 17. Only when the bottom of the telescopic column 20 slides to the top of the fixed cylinder 17, the connecting pipe 16 and the fixed cylinder 17 are connected. A connecting pipe 21 is installed on the side wall near the top of the sealing sleeve 14 and the side wall near the bottom of the fixed cylinder 17.

[0054] In this embodiment, since the side wall of the telescopic column 20 can directly block the connecting pipe 16, this embodiment only needs to install a one-way valve in both the connecting pipe 21 and the rotating column 18. In the connecting pipe 21, the one-way valve allows the airflow to flow only from the sealing sleeve 14 into the fixed cylinder 17. In the rotating column 18, the one-way valve allows the airflow to flow only from the fixed cylinder 17 into the cylindrical shell 12.

[0055] In this embodiment, the one-way valve structure is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, it specifically includes a support frame 28, a return spring 27, a sealing plate 25 and a limit ring 26. The end of the support frame 28 and the outer side wall of the limit ring 26 are fixedly mounted on the connecting pipe 21 or the inner side wall of the rotating column 18. One end of the return spring 27 is fixedly connected to the support frame 28, and the other end of the return spring 27 passes through the limit ring 26 and is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 25. The sealing plate 25 is tightly fitted with the limit ring 26. The one-way valve adopts this design method, which can not only play the role of one-way flow, but also have the role of pressure relief at a specified pressure.

[0056] In this embodiment, the front end of the cutting blade 2 is a sharp tip. In order to remove more extrabronchial tissue, when the two cutting blades 2 are closed, grooves 36 are symmetrically formed on their fitting surfaces.

[0057] Working principle: After the entire biopsy mechanism is moved to the designated position of the bronchus through the bronchoscope, the inflation tube 8 is connected to the outlet end of the pump body 4 by rotating the knob 5, the pump body 4 is started, and the pump body 4 injects air into the inflation tube 8. The airflow enters the cylindrical shell 12 through the inflation tube 8 and the air inlet 29. Under the action of continuous pressurization, the airflow will push the rotating plate 33 to rotate, and the rotating plate 33 will drive the rotating column 18 to rotate. Since the top of the rotating column 18 is connected to the fixed cylinder 17, and a one-way valve is provided in the rotating column 18, the fixed cylinder 17 rotates 90° at this time. When the rotating cylinder 18 rotates, the rotating cylinder 18 rotates 90°. When the plate 33 contacts the limiting plate 32, the connecting hole 17 on the cylindrical housing 12 is connected with the connecting hole 17 on the fixed cylinder 17. If the pressure is continued, the airflow will enter the fixed cylinder 17 and push the telescopic column 20 forward. When the connecting pipe 16 is connected with the inside of the fixed cylinder 17, the pressure is continued, and the airflow enters through the connecting pipe 16 into the inside of the sealing sleeve 14 and pushes the piston 15 to move backward. The piston 15 drives the connecting rod 24 and the connecting plate 13 to move backward. Due to the action of the rotating rod 1 9 and the rotating rod 2 10, the two cutting blades 2 are opened. In this way, only continuous pressure is needed to realize the operation of rotating the biopsy mechanism, extending it outward to cut the bronchial wall, and opening the cutting port. After the cutting blade 2 is opened, when it is necessary to clamp the external tissue of the bronchus, the knob 5 is rotated to connect the air outlet pipe 6 with the air filling pipe 8. Under the elastic force of the spring 23, the gas on the upper part of the piston 15 is discharged from the connecting pipe 21 into the fixed cylinder 17, and then discharged into the cylindrical shell 12 through the rotating column 18, and finally discharged to the outside of the device through the air inlet 29 and the air filling pipe 8; and the gas in the fixed cylinder 17 will be discharged to the outside of the device through the rotating column 18 under the tension of the spring 19. Since the rotating bottom is connected by a torsion spring 34, the gas inside the cylindrical shell 12 will be discharged from the inside of the device under the pressure of the rotating plate 33, so that the grabbing, closing, contraction, and rotation reset operations of the biopsy mechanism are realized.

[0058] Embodiment 2: A transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function, such as Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, compared with Example 1, the biopsy device of this embodiment has a larger bottom area of ​​the telescopic column 20, and the side wall of the bottom is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 17. With this structural design, a one-way valve is also required to be provided in the connecting pipe 16, and the air flow direction is from the fixed cylinder 17 to the sealing sleeve 14.

[0059] Embodiment 3: A transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function, such as Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cutting blade 2 is rotated 90°, so that it is beneficial to cut the bronchial wall during the entire rotation process of the biopsy mechanism.

[0060] Embodiment 4: A transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function, such as Fig.18 As shown, in this embodiment, a balloon 39 is also fixedly installed on the relative outer wall of the guide tube 1 at its opening, and the inflation tube 8 connects the balloon 39 and the cylindrical shell 12 in series in sequence, so that when air is injected through the inflation tube 8, the balloon 39 expands. This not only prevents the blood flowing out of the bronchial cutting position from flowing along the upper part of the bronchus, but also plays a supporting role when the biopsy mechanism cuts the bronchus, so that the biopsy mechanism can smoothly cut the bronchial wall.

[0061] Example 5: A transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function, such as Fig.19 As shown, in this embodiment, the interior of the guide tube 1 is configured to be solid, so that the blood at the cutting position can be prevented from flowing along the guide tube 1.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function, characterized in that: The guide tube (1) comprises a biopsy mechanism disposed inside the guide tube (1) near the front end thereof, the biopsy mechanism being used to cut and expand the bronchus and to grasp the external tissue of the bronchus, and the biopsy mechanism being able to extend outside the guide tube (1); an inflation tube (8) being disposed inside the guide tube (1), one end of the inflation tube (8) being connected to the biopsy mechanism, and the other end of the inflation tube (8) extending from the operating end of the guide tube (1) and being connected to an airflow regulating mechanism; the airflow regulating mechanism being used to adjust the flow direction of the airflow, and the airflow regulating mechanism being further connected to a pump body (4); The biopsy mechanism includes a telescopic unit, a supporting cutting unit and a rotating unit; the power output end of the rotating unit is fixedly connected to the side wall of the telescopic unit, and is used to drive the telescopic unit and the rotating unit to rotate; The telescopic unit is used to send the support and cutting unit to the outside of the guide tube (1); the support and cutting unit is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic unit and is used to cut and expand the bronchus and to grab the external tissue of the bronchus; The rotating unit comprises a cylindrical shell (12), a fixed plate (30), a hollow rotating column (18), a rotating plate (33) and a limiting plate (32); the cylindrical shell (12) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the guide tube (1); the bottom of the rotating column (18) passes through the bottom of the cylindrical shell (12) and is movably connected to the inner wall of the guide tube (1) in a resettable manner; the top of the rotating column (18) passes through the top of the cylindrical shell (12) and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the telescopic unit; one end of the rotating plate (33) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column (18); the rotating plate (33) and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (12) are in sealed contact; the fixed plate (30) is fixedly mounted inside the cylindrical shell (12); the fixed plate (30) is close to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (12); One end of the rotating column (18) is in sealing contact with the side wall of the rotating column (18); two chambers are formed between the cylindrical shell (12), the fixed plate (30), the rotating plate (33) and the rotating column (18); an air inlet (29) and a plurality of second exhaust holes (31) are provided on the side wall of the cylindrical shell (12); the air inlet (29) and the second exhaust holes (31) are respectively located in the two chambers; an air outlet (35) is provided on the side wall of the rotating column (18); the air outlet (35) and the air inlet (29) are both connected to the same chamber; a connecting hole (17) is also provided on the top of the cylindrical shell (12); the connecting hole (17) is connected to the inside of the telescopic unit; the limiting plate (32) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the cylindrical shell (12) and is located in the same chamber as the second exhaust hole (31); The telescopic unit comprises a fixed cylinder (17), a telescopic column (20) and a spring (19); the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating column (18) and is arranged in communication; the telescopic column (20) is located in the fixed cylinder (17) and is in sealed sliding contact with the fixed cylinder (17); the end of the telescopic column (20) is connected to the end of the fixed cylinder (17) via the spring (19); a communicating hole (17) is also formed on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (17), and the communicating hole (17) can be communicated with the communicating hole (17) on the cylindrical housing (12); The supporting cutting unit comprises a sealing sleeve (14), a spring (23), a piston (15), a plurality of connecting rods (24), two cutting blades (2), two rotating rods (9), two rotating rods (10) and a connecting plate (13); the sealing sleeve (14) is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic column (20), the piston (15) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the sealing sleeve (14), one end of the spring (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing sleeve (14) close to the fixed cylinder (17), and the spring (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing sleeve (14) close to the fixed cylinder (17). 3) is fixedly connected to the piston (15), one end of a plurality of connecting rods (24) is fixedly connected to the piston (15), and the other end passes through the sealing sleeve (14) and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (13), and the connecting plate (13) is slidably sleeved on the telescopic column (20); the connecting plate (13) and the tops of the two cutting blades (2) are rotatably connected via a rotating rod 1 (9); the two cutting blades (2) and the telescopic ends of the telescopic column (20) are rotatably connected via two rotating rods 2 (10); A connecting pipe 1 (16) and a connecting pipe 2 (21) are provided between the sealing sleeve (14) and the fixed cylinder (17) to communicate with each other. The connection points of the connecting pipe 1 (16), the connecting pipe 2 (21) and the sealing sleeve (14) are located in a chamber of the piston (15) away from the spring 2 (23). The connection points of the connecting pipe 1 (16), the connecting pipe 2 (21) and the fixed cylinder (17) are respectively close to two ends of the fixed cylinder (17). One-way valves are installed in both the second connecting pipe (21) and the rotating column (18).

2. The tracheal biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve comprises a support frame (28), a return spring (27), a sealing plate (25) and a limiting ring (26); the end of the support frame (28) and the outer side wall of the limiting ring (26) are fixedly mounted on the second connecting pipe (21) or the inner side wall of the rotating column (18); one end of the return spring (27) is fixedly connected to the support frame (28); the other end of the return spring (27) passes through the limiting ring (26) and is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (25); the sealing plate (25) and the limiting ring (26) are tightly fitted.

3. The transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the cutting blade (2) is a pointed tip. When the two cutting blades (2) are closed, grooves (36) are symmetrically formed on the contacting surfaces thereof.

4. The transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow regulating mechanism comprises a rotating sphere (37), a spherical shell (7) and a knob (5); the inflation tube (8), the outlet tube (6) and the outlet end of the pump body (4) are all connected to the spherical shell (7); the rotating sphere (37) is located in the spherical shell (7); an L-shaped channel (38) is provided in the rotating sphere (37); one end of the L-shaped channel (38) is connected to the inflation tube (8); the other end can be connected to the outlet tube (6) and the outlet end of the pump body (4) respectively through the rotation of the rotating sphere (37); the knob (5) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating sphere (37).

5. The transbronchial biopsy device with emergency hemostasis function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A balloon (39) is installed on the outer side wall of the guide tube (1), and the balloon (39) is located on the opposite side wall of the opening of the guide tube (1); the inflation tube (8) sequentially connects the balloon (39) and the cylindrical shell (12) in series.

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