End face driving center

Abstract

The end face driving center is characterized in that the end face driving center comprises a supporting handle and a driving body, the supporting handle comprises a supporting rod and a supporting part, a cavity is formed in the driving body, the supporting part is arranged in the cavity in the mode that the supporting part can move left and right in the axial direction, and the left end of the supporting rod extends leftwards to be arranged outside the driving body; the center of the right end of the driving body is provided with a fixed center, the fixed center and the supporting handle are coaxial, four transmission pins are movably arranged on the driving body in a left-right telescopic mode, the left ends of the transmission pins extend into the cavity, the right ends of the transmission pins extend out of the driving body, and balance mechanisms are arranged between the transmission pins and the supporting part. The clamping device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the balance block capable of swinging up and down is matched with the hemispherical abutting part of the corresponding transmission pin, the clamping device has high sensitivity and can adapt to various conditions of the surface of a workpiece, dynamic balance is compensated through up-down swinging of the balance block, and stable clamping force is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool processing fixtures, in particular to an end face driving center. Background Art

[0002] End drive is a clamping device used when machining a whole section of shaft parts. It drives the shaft parts to rotate by cooperating with the end face driving center and the tail center. It is usually connected to the machine tool spindle through Morse taper and flange. It is the most effective clamping method in turning and grinding. During the processing, the workpiece is positioned by fixing the center, the blade of the transmission pin cuts into the end face of the workpiece, and the workpiece is clamped at the same time with the tail center. When the machine tool is working, the torque of the machine tool spindle is effectively transmitted to the end face of the workpiece. In the turning process, the chuck is no longer relied on. In the positioning process, the chuck is no longer positioned in the whole circle and the tail is positioned a little. Instead, the end face driving center is positioned a little and the tail is positioned a little. In the processing of shaft workpieces, the influence of coaxiality caused by the difference in processing datum is reduced. For long shaft workpieces, the entire shaft part can be processed in one clamping. Compared with the traditional movable center, the processing accuracy will not be affected by the runout, and it can be well adapted to the processing of the positioning end face with a certain inclination.

[0003] Currently, the floating amount of the common end-drive centers is small, and there are strict restrictions on the surface of the workpiece when in use. When large-diameter feed is required in actual cutting, the clamping force provided by the transmission pin is much smaller than the cutting force, which will lead to abnormal processing. In addition, the balancing mechanism used in the end-drive centers of traditional structures is generally a spherical hinge structure, which has poor flexibility and is prone to jamming, causing the force on the transmission pin to become unstable and unable to provide clamping force normally, resulting in fewer scenarios for the application of end-drive centers of this traditional structure and stricter applicable conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an end face driving center which has a simple structure, good flexibility, can be adaptively adjusted according to the end face condition of the workpiece to adapt to different processing conditions, and can provide a stable clamping force.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: An end face driving top, comprising a support handle and a driving body, the support handle comprising a support rod and a support part coaxially arranged from left to right along the axial direction, a cavity matched with the support part is arranged in the driving body, the support part is movably arranged in the cavity along the axial direction, the left end of the support rod extends to the left and is arranged outside the driving body, the right end center of the driving body protrudes to the right and is provided with a fixed top, the fixed top is coaxial with the support handle, four transmission pins are movably arranged on the driving body so as to be telescopically movable left and right, the four transmission pins are evenly distributed and surrounded and arranged outside the fixed top, the left end of the transmission pin extends into the cavity, the right end of the transmission pin extends to the outside of the driving body, and a balancing mechanism is arranged between the transmission pin and the support part; The balancing mechanism includes two balancing blocks, which are spaced front and back and arranged in the support part so that they can swing up and down respectively. The right end surface of the balancing block opposite to the left end of the transmission pin is a contact surface, and the contact surface is a flat end surface. A hemispherical contact portion is arranged at the left end of the transmission pin. One balancing block corresponds to two transmission pins so that the two matching contact portions abut against the corresponding contact surface.

[0006] The support part is recessed to the left and provided with a limit cavity that passes through from front to back, the balance block is arranged in the limit cavity so as to swing up and down, and the abutment surface is extended out of the limit cavity. The space of the support part is reasonably utilized, and the volume of the overall structure can be reduced.

[0007] The two balancing blocks are connected by a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket includes a mounting block, the mounting block is fixedly mounted in the limiting cavity, the front end face and the rear end face of the mounting block are respectively provided with rotatable mounting posts, the two rotatable mounting posts are coaxial, the balancing block is provided with a rotatable mounting hole matched with the rotatable mounting post, the balancing block is rotatably mounted on the matched rotatable mounting post through the rotatable mounting hole. The above connection and installation structure for realizing the up and down swinging of the balancing block is simple, and the connection and installation is stable.

[0008] The limiting cavity includes a left limiting cavity and a right limiting cavity which are arranged sequentially from left to right. The mounting block is a rectangular block. The left limiting cavity cooperates with the mounting block. The left end of the mounting block is embedded and installed in the left limiting cavity. The balancing block can be swung up and down in the right limiting cavity. Swinging gaps are respectively arranged between the upper end surface of the balancing block and the upper end surface of the right limiting cavity, and between the lower end surface of the balancing block and the lower end surface of the right limiting cavity. The mounting block can be stably fixed and installed by limiting the left limiting cavity, and the up and down tilting stroke of the balancing block is limited by the right limiting cavity to avoid excessive floating affecting normal use.

[0009] The upper end surface of the balancing block has an upper oblique end surface that tilts upward from left to right, and the lower end surface of the balancing block has a lower oblique end surface that tilts downward from left to right. The upper oblique end surface and the lower oblique end surface are arranged in mirror symmetry. A matching upper oblique limiting surface that tilts upward from left to right is arranged at a position on the upper end surface of the right limiting chamber that matches the upper oblique end surface. A matching lower oblique limiting surface that tilts downward from left to right is arranged at a position on the lower end surface of the right limiting chamber that matches the lower oblique end surface. The swing gap is arranged between the upper oblique end surface and the upper oblique limiting surface, and between the lower oblique end surface and the lower oblique limiting surface. The swing gap formed by the cooperation between the oblique end surfaces can realize a more flexible swing of the balancing block.

[0010] The right side of the upper inclined end face is connected to an upper flat end face, the right side of the lower inclined end face is connected to a lower flat end face, the parts in the right limit chamber corresponding to the upper flat end face and the lower flat end face are all matched flat limit end faces, and the swing gap is provided between the upper flat end face, the lower flat end face and the corresponding flat limit end face. The above design realizes the controllable swing stroke.

[0011] The mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the supporting part through a pin shaft from top to bottom, and has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble.

[0012] The driving body includes a shell and an end cover. The shell has the cavity with a right side opening. The end cover is detachably mounted on the right end of the shell to close the right side opening of the cavity. The fixed tip is arranged at the center of the right end of the end cover. The transmission pin is movably arranged on the end cover so as to be telescopically arranged left and right. The left end of the transmission pin passes through the end cover and extends into the cavity. The right end of the transmission pin with a blade extends out of the end cover. The support rod extends to the left and is arranged outside the shell. The driving body has a simple structure. The shell and the end cover are detachably connected, which is convenient for assembling other components.

[0013] The end cap is provided with a guide hole for the transmission pin to extend and retract to the left and right. The right end of the transmission pin with a blade extends out through the guide hole at the corresponding position and is arranged on the outside of the end cap. The side of the end cap is provided with a locking screw hole connected to the corresponding guide hole at the position corresponding to each guide hole. The central axis of the locking screw hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the corresponding connected guide hole. A locking screw is threadedly provided in each locking screw hole. The transmission pin is provided with an anti-rotation guide groove at the position corresponding to the locking screw. The inner end of the locking screw abuts against the anti-rotation guide groove of the corresponding transmission pin. One guide hole allows the right end of the transmission pin to extend outward, and the other guides the movement of the transmission pin. The combination of the locking screw and the guide groove is used to lock the blade angle of the transmission pin.

[0014] The side of the fixed tip is concavely provided with a guide recess that matches the drive pin, and the outwardly extending portion of the drive pin is embedded in the corresponding guide recess. The guide recess further guides the drive pin, and the fixed tip can also provide a support for the drive pin.

[0015] The side of the driving body is provided with an anti-rotation screw hole connected to the cavity, an anti-rotation screw is threaded in the anti-rotation screw hole, and the support part is provided with an anti-rotation positioning groove that passes through left and right at the position corresponding to the anti-rotation screw, and the inner end of the anti-rotation screw is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is embedded in the anti-rotation positioning groove. Through the cooperation of the anti-rotation screw and the anti-rotation positioning groove, the support part is prevented from rotating in the cavity, so that it can only move left and right in the set direction, ensuring that one balance block can support two transmission pins.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: simple structure, a balancing block that can swing up and down cooperates with the corresponding hemispherical abutment part of the transmission pin, has high sensitivity, can adapt to various conditions on the surface of the workpiece, and compensates for dynamic balance through the up and down swing of the balancing block to provide a stable clamping force, so that the end face driving center can be adapted to various different processing conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention with the pin removed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention with the shell removed; Figure 4It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the decomposition structure; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balancing structure and the supporting handle in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the balancing structure and the supporting handle in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the end cover in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in which the anti-rotation screw is cooperatively arranged on the support handle after the shell and the support handle are disassembled. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] As shown in the figure, an end face driving top comprises a support handle 2 and a driving body 1, the support handle 2 comprises a support rod 201 and a support portion 202 which are coaxially arranged from left to right, a cavity 101 which matches with the support portion 202 is arranged in the driving body 1, the support portion 202 is movably arranged in the cavity 101 along the axial direction, the left end of the support rod 201 extends to the left and is arranged outside the driving body 1, and a fixed top 3 is protruded to the right at the center of the right end of the driving body 1, the fixed top 3 is coaxial with the support handle 2, four transmission pins 4 are movably arranged on the driving body 1 so as to be telescopically movable left and right, the four transmission pins 4 are evenly distributed and arranged around the outside of the fixed top 3, the left end of the transmission pin 4 extends into the cavity 101, and the right end of the transmission pin 4 extends out and is arranged outside the driving body 1, and a balancing mechanism is arranged between the transmission pin 4 and the support portion 202; The balancing mechanism includes two balancing blocks 5, which are spaced front and back and are arranged in the support part 202 so as to be able to swing up and down respectively. The right end surface of the balancing block 5 opposite to the left end of the transmission pin 4 is abutment surface 51, and the abutment surface 51 is a flat end surface. A hemispherical abutment portion 41 is provided at the left end of the transmission pin 4. One balancing block 5 corresponds to two transmission pins 4, so that the two matching abutment portions 41 abut against the corresponding abutment surface 51.

[0020] In this specific embodiment, a limiting cavity 21 is provided on the support portion 202, which is recessed to the left and runs through the front and back. The balancing weight 5 is arranged in the limiting cavity 21 so as to swing up and down, and the abutting surface 51 extends out of the limiting cavity 21. The space of the support portion 202 is reasonably utilized, and the volume of the overall structure can be reduced.

[0021] In this specific embodiment, two balancing blocks 5 are connected by a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket includes a mounting block 6, which is fixedly mounted in the limiting cavity 21. The front and rear surfaces of the mounting block 6 are respectively provided with convex rotation mounting posts 61, and the two rotation mounting posts 61 are coaxial. The balancing block 5 is provided with a rotation mounting hole (not marked in the figure) that matches the rotation mounting post 61, and the balancing block 5 is rotatably mounted on the matching rotation mounting post 61 through the rotation mounting hole. The above-mentioned connection and installation structure for realizing the up and down swing of the balancing block 5 is simple, and the connection and installation is stable.

[0022] In this specific embodiment, the end of the rotating mounting column 61 extends out of the correspondingly mounted balancing block 5 and is clamped and mounted with a retaining spring K. This enables the balancing block 5 to be stably mounted on the mounting bracket and prevent it from falling off.

[0023] In this specific embodiment, the limiting cavity 21 includes a left limiting cavity 211 and a right limiting cavity 212 which are arranged sequentially from left to right. The mounting block 6 is a rectangular block. The left limiting cavity 211 cooperates with the mounting block 6. The left end of the mounting block 6 is embedded and installed in the left limiting cavity 211. The balancing block 5 can be set in the right limiting cavity 212 so as to swing up and down. Swing gaps 7 are respectively arranged between the upper end surface of the balancing block 5 and the upper end surface of the right limiting cavity 212, and between the lower end surface of the balancing block 5 and the lower end surface of the right limiting cavity 212. The mounting block 6 can be stably fixed and installed by the left limiting cavity 211, and the upper and lower swing strokes of the balancing block 5 are limited by the right limiting cavity 212 to avoid excessive floating affecting normal use.

[0024] In this specific embodiment, the upper end surface of the balancing block 5 has an upper oblique end surface 53 that tilts upward from left to right, and the lower end surface of the balancing block 5 has a lower oblique end surface 54 that tilts downward from left to right. The upper oblique end surface 53 and the lower oblique end surface 54 are arranged in mirror symmetry. A matching upper oblique limiting surface 213 that tilts upward from left to right is arranged at a position matching the upper oblique end surface 53 on the upper end surface of the right limiting chamber 212, and a matching lower oblique limiting surface 214 that tilts downward from left to right is arranged at a position matching the lower oblique end surface 54 on the lower end surface of the right limiting chamber 212. A swing gap 7 is arranged between the upper oblique end surface 53 and the upper oblique limiting surface 213, and between the lower oblique end surface 54 and the lower oblique limiting surface 214. The swing gap 7 formed by the cooperation between the oblique end surfaces can realize a more flexible swing of the balancing block 5.

[0025] In this specific embodiment, an upper flat end surface 531 is connected to the right side of the upper inclined end surface 53, and a lower flat end surface 541 is connected to the right side of the lower inclined end surface 54. The parts corresponding to the upper flat end surface 531 and the lower flat end surface 541 in the right limit chamber 212 are all matched flat limit end surfaces 215, and a swing gap 7 is set between the upper flat end surface 531, the lower flat end surface 541 and the corresponding flat limit end surface 215. The above design realizes the controllable swing stroke.

[0026] In this specific embodiment, the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the support portion 202 through a pin shaft 8 passing through from top to bottom. The structure is simple and the installation and disassembly are convenient.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, the driving body 1 includes a shell 102 and an end cover 103. The shell 102 has a cavity 101 with an opening on the right side. The end cover 103 is detachably mounted on the right end of the shell 102 to close the right opening of the cavity 101. The fixed tip 3 is arranged at the center of the right end of the end cover 103. The driving pin 4 is movably arranged on the end cover 103 so as to be telescopically arranged left and right. The left end of the driving pin 4 passes through the end cover 103 and extends into the cavity 101. The right end of the driving pin 4 with a blade extends out of the end cover 103. The support rod 201 extends to the left and is arranged outside the shell 102. The driving body 1 is simple in structure, and the shell 102 and the end cover 103 are detachably connected, which is convenient for assembling other components.

[0028] In this specific embodiment, the fixed top 3 is detachably mounted on the end cover 103. The fixed top 3 can be replaced, saving production costs.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, the end cap 103 is provided with a guide hole 11 for the transmission pin 4 to extend and retract to the left and right. The right end of the transmission pin 4 with a blade extends out through the guide hole 11 at the corresponding position and is arranged outside the end cap 103. The side of the end cap 103 is provided with a locking screw hole 12 connected to the corresponding guide hole 11 at the position corresponding to each guide hole 11. The central axis of the locking screw hole 12 is perpendicular to the central axis of the corresponding connected guide hole 11. A locking screw 9 is threadedly arranged in each locking screw hole 12. An anti-rotation guide groove (not shown in the figure) is provided at the installation position of the corresponding locking screw on the transmission pin 4. The inner end of the locking screw 9 abuts against the anti-rotation guide groove of the corresponding transmission pin 4. One of the guide holes 11 is provided for the right end of the transmission pin 4 to extend outward, and the other guides the movement of the transmission pin 4; the locking screw 9 is used to lock the blade angle of the transmission pin 4.

[0030] In this specific embodiment, the side of the fixed tip 3 is recessed at the position corresponding to the transmission pin 4 and is provided with a guide recess 31 that matches the transmission pin 4, and the outwardly extending portion of the transmission pin 4 is embedded in the corresponding guide recess 31. The guide recess 31 further guides the transmission pin 4, and the fixed tip 3 can also provide a support for the transmission pin 4.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the side of the driving body 1 is provided with an anti-rotation screw hole 14 connected to the cavity 101, an anti-rotation screw 10 is threaded in the anti-rotation screw hole 14, and a left-right through-going anti-rotation positioning groove 20 is provided at the position corresponding to the anti-rotation screw 10 on the support part 202, and a guide part 100 is provided at the inner end of the anti-rotation screw 10, and the guide part 100 is embedded in the anti-rotation positioning groove 20. Through the cooperation of the anti-rotation screw 10 and the anti-rotation positioning groove 20, the support part 202 is prevented from rotating in the cavity 101, so that it can only move left and right in the set direction, ensuring that one balance block 5 can support two transmission pins 4.

[0032] Compared with the traditional method of combining a chuck and a tail tip for machining long shaft parts, this product can achieve full-length machining of long shaft parts, and no longer needs to turn around and clamp again to affect machining accuracy. The balance block 5 mechanism set inside the end drive has high sensitivity and can adapt to the end surface of the part. It can achieve dynamic balance while ensuring that the four drive pins 4 are evenly stressed. It is suitable for different machining conditions and provides stable clamping force.

[0033] During specific operation, the fixed center 3 of this product is used to locate the center position of the end face of the workpiece, and the tail center is positioned at the other end of the workpiece. The support handle 2 moves left and right along the axial direction to push the blade of the transmission pin 4 to turn into the end face of the workpiece. Under the action of the balancing mechanism, the two ends of the balance block 5 can provide the same supporting force, so that the clamping force of each transmission pin 4 on the end face of the workpiece is uniform and stable, and the torque of the lathe spindle can be stably transmitted to the workpiece. When the end face of the workpiece is an inclined surface, under the action of the balancing mechanism, one or one side of the transmission pin 4 can be inward, and the other transmission pin 4 can be extended. The balance block 5 is balanced in an inclined state through the support of the support handle 2 at this time. Therefore, during the processing process, the balance block 5 can always achieve dynamic balance, so that the end drive is always stable when clamping the workpiece, and has a sufficiently large clamping force.

Claims

1. An end face driving center, characterized in that It comprises a support handle and a driving body, wherein the support handle comprises a support rod and a support part which are coaxially arranged from left to right along the axial direction, a cavity which matches with the support part is arranged in the driving body, the support part is movably arranged in the cavity along the axial direction, the left end of the support rod extends to the left and is arranged outside the driving body, the right end center of the driving body protrudes to the right and is provided with a fixed top, the fixed top is coaxial with the support handle, four transmission pins are movably arranged on the driving body so as to be telescopically arranged left and right, the four transmission pins are evenly distributed and arranged around the outside of the fixed top, the left end of the transmission pin extends into the cavity, the right end of the transmission pin extends to the outside of the driving body, and a balancing mechanism is arranged between the transmission pin and the support part; The balancing mechanism includes two balancing blocks, which are spaced front and back and arranged in the support part so that they can swing up and down respectively. The right end surface of the balancing block opposite to the left end of the transmission pin is a contact surface, and the contact surface is a flat end surface. A hemispherical contact portion is arranged at the left end of the transmission pin. One balancing block corresponds to two transmission pins so that the two matching contact portions abut against the corresponding contact surface.

2. The end face driving center according to claim 1, characterized in that The support part is recessed to the left and is provided with a limiting cavity that passes through front and back. The balancing block is arranged in the limiting cavity so as to swing up and down, and the abutting surface extends out of the limiting cavity.

3. The end face driving center according to claim 2, characterized in that The two balancing blocks are connected by a mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket includes a mounting block, and the mounting block is fixedly mounted in the limiting cavity. The front end face and the rear end face of the mounting block are respectively protruded with rotating mounting columns, and the two rotating mounting columns are coaxial. The balancing block is provided with a rotating mounting hole that matches the rotating mounting column, and the balancing block is rotatably mounted on the matching rotating mounting column through the rotating mounting hole.

4. The end face driving center according to claim 3, characterized in that The limiting cavity includes a left limiting cavity and a right limiting cavity which are arranged in sequence from left to right. The mounting block is a rectangular block. The left limiting cavity cooperates with the mounting block. The left end of the mounting block is embedded and installed in the left limiting cavity. The balancing block can be swung up and down in the right limiting cavity. Swinging gaps are respectively arranged between the upper end surface of the balancing block and the upper end surface of the right limiting cavity, and between the lower end surface of the balancing block and the lower end surface of the right limiting cavity.

5. The end face driving center according to claim 4, characterized in that The upper end surface of the balancing block has an upper inclined end surface inclined upward from left to right, and the lower end surface of the balancing block has a lower inclined end surface inclined downward from left to right. The upper inclined end surface and the lower inclined end surface are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner. A matching upper inclined limiting surface inclined upward from left to right is arranged at a position on the upper end surface of the right limit chamber that matches the upper inclined end surface. A matching lower inclined limiting surface inclined downward from left to right is arranged at a position on the lower end surface of the right limit chamber that matches the lower inclined end surface. The swing gap is arranged between the upper inclined end surface and the upper inclined limiting surface, and between the lower inclined end surface and the lower inclined limiting surface.

6. The end face driving center according to claim 5, characterized in that An upper flat end face is connected to the right side of the upper inclined end face, and a lower flat end face is connected to the right side of the lower inclined end face. The parts in the right limit chamber corresponding to the upper flat end face and the lower flat end face are all matching flat limit end faces, and the swing gap is provided between the upper flat end face, the lower flat end face and the corresponding flat limit end faces.

7. The end face driving center according to claim 3, characterized in that The mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the supporting part through a pin shaft passing through from top to bottom.

8. The end face driving center according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving body includes a shell and an end cover, the shell has a cavity with an opening on the right side, the end cover is detachably mounted on the right end of the shell to close the right opening of the cavity, the fixed tip is arranged at the center of the right end of the end cover, the transmission pin can be flexibly arranged on the end cover to the left and right, the left end of the transmission pin passes through the end cover and extends into the cavity, the right end of the transmission pin with a blade extends out of the end cover, and the support rod extends to the left and is arranged outside the shell.

9. The end face driving center according to claim 8, characterized in that The end cover is correspondingly provided with left and right through guide holes for the left and right telescopic activities of the transmission pin. The right end of the transmission pin with a blade extends out through the guide hole at the corresponding position and is arranged on the outside of the end cover. The side of the end cover is provided with a locking screw hole connected with the corresponding guide hole at the position corresponding to each guide hole. The central axis of the locking screw hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the corresponding connected guide hole. A locking screw is threaded in each locking screw hole. An anti-rotation guide groove is recessed at the position of the transmission pin corresponding to the locking screw, and the inner end of the locking screw abuts against the corresponding anti-rotation guide groove of the transmission pin.

10. The end face driving center according to claim 1, characterized in that The side of the driving body is provided with an anti-rotation screw hole connected to the cavity, and an anti-rotation screw is threaded in the anti-rotation screw hole. The support part is provided with an anti-rotation positioning groove that passes through the left and right at the position corresponding to the anti-rotation screw. The inner end of the anti-rotation screw is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is embedded in the anti-rotation positioning groove.

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