Gooseneck hydraulic steering device and transport vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transport vehicles, and particularly relates to a gooseneck hydraulic steering device and a transport vehicle, the gooseneck hydraulic steering device comprises a gooseneck frame, a swing mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder A and a hydraulic cylinder B. The swing mechanism is eccentrically provided with a pin shaft and is hinged with a connecting rod through the pin shaft, and the rear end of the connecting rod is hinged with a swing arm; the middle of the swing arm is hinged to a fixing base in the middle of the gooseneck frame, and the two ends of the swing arm are hinged to the hydraulic cylinder A and the hydraulic cylinder B respectively. The problem that the overall height of the gooseneck is difficult to control due to the structural layout of a hydraulic oil cylinder is solved, a transport vehicle can better adapt to the height limiting requirement of road transportation, the trafficability of the transport vehicle under the complex road condition is improved, the size of loadable goods is further increased, and the transportation cost is reduced. The transportation efficiency and flexibility of the transportation vehicle are guaranteed, meanwhile, the steering sensitivity is improved, the steering accuracy is guaranteed, and the transportation vehicle is more stable and safer in the running process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transport vehicles, and in particular relates to a gooseneck hydraulic steering device and a transport vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The gooseneck structure plays an important role in transport vehicles. Its unique design and function enable semi-trailers to better adapt to various transportation needs and improve transportation efficiency and safety. The gooseneck structure is usually equipped with a steering device to achieve synchronous steering with the tractor. The type and complexity of the steering device vary from vehicle to vehicle, but usually include steering connection plates, steering adjustment cylinders, suspension steering arms and other components. These components work together to enable the gooseneck structure to steer synchronously according to the steering action of the tractor, thereby maintaining the stability and driving direction of the vehicle. Although the current gooseneck steering device can ensure the steering operation of the tractor, the hydraulic cylinders on it are all in a stacked setting, resulting in a relatively complex steering structure, making the overall height of the gooseneck higher, limiting the size of the cargo that can be loaded, and when loaded, the steering flexibility is low, and additional counterweights are required, resulting in high transportation costs.

[0003] There are studies on the problems of current gooseneck steering devices in the prior art, such as patent application CN220243361U - a new gooseneck structure steering device, which is composed of components such as the rear platform of the frame, the first steering group, the second steering group, the gooseneck frame and the steering connection plate, which solves the problems of low steering flexibility of the current gooseneck steering device under load and the increase in transportation costs due to the additional counterweights. However, the existing gooseneck structure steering device can only ensure the operability of the steering, but it is difficult to effectively control the overall height of the gooseneck, which is not conducive to adapting to the height limit requirements of road transportation. In addition, the existing steering device is realized by multiple steering adjustment cylinders and suspension steering arms. This steering method is very likely to increase the complexity and response time of the steering, thereby affecting the sensitivity and accuracy of the steering. To this end, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a gooseneck hydraulic steering device and a transport vehicle to solve the problem raised in the above-mentioned background technology that the current gooseneck structure steering device is difficult to effectively control the overall height of the gooseneck, which is not conducive to adapting to the height limit requirements of road transportation, and the existing steering device is realized by multiple steering adjustment cylinders and suspension steering arms. This steering method can easily increase the complexity and response time of steering, thereby affecting the steering sensitivity and accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a gooseneck hydraulic steering device, comprising a gooseneck frame, a slewing mechanism embedded in the front of the gooseneck frame, and a hydraulic cylinder A and a hydraulic cylinder B fixed at both ends of the rear of the gooseneck frame, the slewing mechanism is eccentrically provided with a pin shaft and is hinged with a connecting rod through the pin shaft, the rear end of the connecting rod is hinged with a swing arm, the middle part of the swing arm is hinged to a fixed seat in the middle part of the gooseneck frame and its two ends are respectively hinged to the hydraulic cylinder A and the hydraulic cylinder B.

[0006] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided at the front end of the connecting rod, which is sleeved on the pin shaft through the mounting hole; a cover plate is threadedly connected to the upper part of the mounting hole and the pin shaft is pressed by the cover plate; a washer is provided at the sleeve joint of the connecting rod and the pin shaft, and the setting height and horizontality of the connecting rod are adjusted by the washer; the rear end of the connecting rod is inserted into the opening on the front side of one end of the swing arm and is hinged to the swing arm through an axle pin A; the rear side of one end of the swing arm is hinged to the connecting rod and is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder A through an axle pin B, and the cylinder body end of the hydraulic cylinder A is fixed in the opening of the support seat A at the rear end of the gooseneck frame, and the support seat A is located at the rear end of the gooseneck frame and corresponds to the position of the hydraulic cylinder A; the other end of the swing arm is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder B through a pin C, and the cylinder body end of the hydraulic cylinder B is fixed in the opening of the support seat B at the other end of the rear of the gooseneck frame, and the support seat B is located at the other end of the rear of the gooseneck frame and corresponds to the position of the hydraulic cylinder B.

[0007] Furthermore, an axial hole is opened in the middle of the swing arm and a connecting shaft passes through the axial hole. The swing arm is hinged in the opening of the fixed seat through the connecting shaft, and a plurality of stacked wear-resistant copper sleeves are mounted on the connecting shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the slewing mechanism includes a traction pin disk and a slewing bearing, the outer ring of the slewing bearing is fixed to the slewing plate at the front of the gooseneck frame, the inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixed to the upper part of the traction pin disk, the lower part of the traction pin disk is connected with a pin saddle, and an eccentric fixing seat is provided on the traction pin disk and is eccentrically arranged with the pin shaft through the eccentric fixing seat.

[0009] In addition to the above technical solutions, there is also a transport vehicle with the gooseneck hydraulic steering device, and the traction pin plate of the gooseneck hydraulic steering device is fixed to the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle through a pin saddle.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The invention makes the steering action of the hydraulic steering device more accurate and controllable by the hinged setting of the eccentrically arranged pin shaft and the connecting rod. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the connecting rod and the swing arm, the hydraulic steering device can more effectively transmit the steering action of the tractor to the gooseneck structure to realize synchronous steering. Compared with the complex structure of the existing multi-steering adjustment cylinder and the suspension steering arm, the structural layout is simplified, the number of steering components and the connection points are reduced, the complexity and response time of the steering system are greatly reduced, the steering sensitivity is effectively improved, the steering accuracy is ensured, the handling performance of the transport vehicle is improved, and the transport vehicle is more stable and safe during driving. Then, the swing arm is respectively hinged with the hydraulic cylinder A and the hydraulic cylinder B, so that the hydraulic cylinder A and the hydraulic cylinder B are changed from a stacked type to a distributed design, which significantly reduces the overall height of the gooseneck, so that the transport vehicle can better adapt to the height limit requirements of road transportation, effectively improve the passability of the transport vehicle under complex road conditions, further increase the size of the loadable goods, and ensure the transportation efficiency and flexibility of the transport vehicle; 2. The present invention provides a cover plate for threaded connection at the upper part of the mounting hole, so that the pin can be compressed under the cover plate, effectively preventing the pin from loosening or falling off during the working process of the connecting rod, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the connecting rod and the pin, and also plays a sealing role, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of wear, corrosion or rust of the connection part caused by dust, moisture and other impurities entering the sleeve joint of the connecting rod and the pin, thereby ensuring the performance and life of the hydraulic steering device; by providing a washer at the sleeve joint of the connecting rod and the pin, the setting height and horizontality of the connecting rod can be easily fine-tuned, the contact area between the connecting rod and the pin is increased, the stability and durability of the connection are improved, and it is helpful to ensure the accuracy of the steering structure, so that the hydraulic steering device can maintain the best steering performance under different road and load conditions; 3. The present invention adopts an axle pin connection method to make the connection between the connecting rod, the swing arm, the hydraulic cylinder A and the hydraulic cylinder B more flexible, which not only simplifies the complexity of the structure, but also reduces the friction and wear between the components, improves the overall efficiency of the hydraulic steering device, ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the steering action, and makes the structural layout more compact and improves the space utilization rate by fixing the hydraulic cylinder A and the hydraulic cylinder B in the opening of the support seat A and the support seat B at the rear of the gooseneck frame respectively, which helps to reduce the overall height of the gooseneck, enhances the steering stability of the hydraulic steering device, and enables the transport vehicle to better maintain balance during driving; 4. The present invention utilizes the wear-resistant characteristics of the wear-resistant copper sleeve to greatly improve the wear resistance of the connection between the connecting shaft and the swing arm and the fixing seat, which not only effectively reduces the cost problem of frequent replacement of components due to friction and wear, ensures the steering stability and reliability of the hydraulic steering device, and prolongs the service life, but also helps to reduce the steering failure or precision reduction caused by loose or worn components, improves the handling performance and driving safety of the transport vehicle, so that the hydraulic steering device can better adapt to complex working conditions; 5. The gooseneck hydraulic steering device of the present invention can more effectively distribute the weight to the front of the vehicle when loading cargo, thereby enhancing the main vehicle's grip. Especially on uphill roads, the front of the vehicle can provide more traction power, thereby reducing the need for additional weights or the use of additional fronts, significantly reducing transportation costs, and has wide applicability and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall side structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side structural diagram of the middle gooseneck hydraulic steering device; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a top view structure; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the assembly explosion structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the middle swing arm, connecting shaft and wear-resistant copper sleeve; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the assembly of the middle connecting rod, cover plate and gasket; Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the exploded assembly structure of the central traction pin disc and slewing bearing.

[0012] Among them: 1. gooseneck frame; 101. slewing plate; 2. slewing bearing; 3. traction pin plate; 4. hydraulic cylinder A; 5. hydraulic cylinder B; 6. transport vehicle; 7. swing arm; 8. connecting rod; 9. pin saddle; 10. eccentric fixing seat; 11. pin shaft; 12. mounting hole; 13. cover plate; 14. gasket; 15. shaft pin A; 16. shaft pin B; 17. support seat A; 18. pin shaft C; 19. support seat B; 20. shaft hole; 21. connecting shaft; 22. fixing seat; 23. wear-resistant copper sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following examples are used to further illustrate the content of the present invention, but do not limit the application of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0014] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 In this embodiment, a gooseneck hydraulic steering device is provided, comprising a gooseneck frame 1, a slewing bearing 2 whose outer ring is fixed on a slewing plate 101 at the front of the gooseneck frame 1 and is used to provide a rotation function, a traction pin plate 3 fixed to the inner ring of the slewing bearing 2 and fixed on a transport vehicle 6 for assisting the gooseneck structure to traction, a hydraulic cylinder A4 and a hydraulic cylinder B5 fixed at both ends of the rear of the gooseneck frame 1 and used to control the steering, a swing arm 7 hinged to the middle of the gooseneck frame 1, and a connecting rod 8 for linkage; The lower part of the traction pin disc 3 is connected with a pin saddle 9 for connecting the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle 6. The traction pin disc 3 is provided with an eccentric fixing seat 10 for fixing the pin shaft 11. The pin shaft 11 is eccentrically arranged through the eccentric fixing seat 10 and is hinged with the front end of the connecting rod 8 through the pin shaft 11. The front end of the connecting rod 8 is provided with a mounting hole 12 and is sleeved on the pin shaft 11 through the mounting hole 12, and the upper part of the mounting hole 12 is threadedly connected with a cover plate 13 for compression and dust prevention, and the pin shaft 11 is compressed through the cover plate 13, and the pin shaft 11 is provided with a washer 14 at the sleeve joint of the connecting rod 8, and the setting height and levelness of the connecting rod 8 are adjusted through the washer 14; The rear end of the connecting rod 8 is inserted into the opening at the front side of one end of the swing arm 7 and is hinged to the swing arm 7 through the shaft pin A15. The rear side of one end of the swing arm 7 hinged to the connecting rod 8 is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder A4 through the shaft pin B16. The cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder A4 is fixed in the opening of the support seat A17 at the rear end of the gooseneck frame 1. The support seat A17 is located at the rear end of the gooseneck frame 1 and corresponds to the position of the hydraulic cylinder A4. The other end of the swing arm 7 is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder B5 through the pin C18. The cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder B5 is fixed in the opening of the support seat B19 at the other end of the rear of the gooseneck frame 1. The support seat B19 is located at the other end of the rear of the gooseneck frame and corresponds to the position of the hydraulic cylinder B5. An axial hole 20 is opened in the middle position of the swing arm 7, and a connecting shaft 21 for connection passes through the axial hole 20. The swing arm 7 is hinged to the opening of the fixed seat 22 in the middle of the gooseneck frame 1 through the connecting shaft 21. A plurality of stacked wear-resistant copper sleeves 23 are mounted on the connecting shaft 21 to improve durability.

[0015] The working principle and use process of this embodiment are as follows: Figure 1-Figure 7As shown in the figure, after the gooseneck hydraulic steering device is assembled, the operator fixes the gooseneck hydraulic steering device as a whole to the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle 6, which can solve the problem that the overall height of the gooseneck is difficult to control due to the structural layout of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the transport vehicle can better adapt to the height limit requirements of road transportation, effectively improve the passability of the transport vehicle under complex road conditions, further increase the size of the cargo that can be loaded, ensure the transportation efficiency and flexibility of the transport vehicle, and at the same time reduce the number of steering components and connection points, so that the complexity and response time of the steering system are greatly reduced, effectively improve the steering sensitivity, ensure the steering accuracy, and improve the handling performance of the transport vehicle, so that the transport vehicle is more stable and safe during driving; When the transport vehicle 6 turns, the driver controls the front of the transport vehicle 6 to turn through the steering wheel. At this time, the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle 6 will synchronously drive the traction pin disc 3 on the pin saddle 9 to rotate as the front of the vehicle turns. By utilizing the rotation of the slewing bearing 2 and the eccentric effect of the pin shaft 11, the connecting rod 8 hinged on the traction pin disc 3 transmits the rotational motion to the swing arm 7 as the traction pin disc 3 rotates, and the swing arm 7 converts the rotational motion of the connecting rod 8 into a reciprocating rotational motion, further driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder A4 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder B5 to reciprocate (when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder A4 extends, the hydraulic cylinder The piston rod of hydraulic cylinder B5 is retracted; when the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder A4 is retracted, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder B5 is extended), and the hydraulic oil on it is squeezed out and supplied to the steering cylinder of the trailer traveling part (the functions and structures of conventional equipment such as the steering cylinder of the trailer traveling part are well known in the art, and the connection settings are also common knowledge, so they are not explained here and are not shown in the accompanying drawings), pushing the steering cylinder to perform reciprocating motion synchronously, and finally realizing the automatic steering of the trailer traveling part, keeping synchronization with the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle 6, so that the entire steering process is smooth, rapid and accurate, ensuring the stability and safety of the transport vehicle 6 under various road conditions. Embodiment 2:

[0016] See also Figure 1-7 As another object of the present invention, a transport vehicle is provided, wherein the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle 6 is fixedly connected to the traction pin disk 3 on the gooseneck hydraulic steering device described above through a pin saddle 9. Therefore, the transport vehicle can obtain any beneficial effect of the gooseneck hydraulic steering device described above, which will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device, comprising a gooseneck frame, a slewing mechanism embedded in the front of the gooseneck frame, and a hydraulic cylinder A and a hydraulic cylinder B fixed at both ends of the rear of the gooseneck frame, characterized in that: A pin is eccentrically arranged on the slewing mechanism and a connecting rod is hingedly connected to the pin. A swing arm is hingedly connected to the rear end of the connecting rod. The middle part of the swing arm is hingedly connected to a fixed seat in the middle part of the gooseneck frame and its two ends are respectively hingedly connected to hydraulic cylinder A and hydraulic cylinder B.

2. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting hole is provided at the front end of the connecting rod and the connecting rod is sleeved on the pin through the mounting hole. A cover plate is threadedly connected to the upper part of the mounting hole and the pin is pressed through the cover plate. A washer is provided at the joint between the connecting rod and the pin and the setting height and horizontality of the connecting rod are adjusted through the washer.

3. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the connecting rod is inserted into the opening at the front side of one end of the swing arm and is hinged to the swing arm through an axle pin A.

4. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear side of one end of the swing arm hinged with a connecting rod is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder A through an axle pin B. The cylinder body end of the hydraulic cylinder A is fixed in the opening of the support seat A at the rear end of the gooseneck frame. The support seat A is located at the rear end of the gooseneck frame and corresponds to the position of the hydraulic cylinder A.

5. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the swing arm is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder B through a pin shaft C. The cylinder body end of the hydraulic cylinder B is fixed in the opening of the support seat B at the other end of the rear of the gooseneck frame. The support seat B is located at the other end of the rear of the gooseneck frame and corresponds to the position of the hydraulic cylinder B.

6. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial hole is opened in the middle position of the swing arm, and a connecting shaft passes through the axial hole. The swing arm is hinged in the opening of the fixing seat through the connecting shaft.

7. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting shaft is sleeved with a plurality of stacked wear-resistant copper sleeves.

8. The gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slewing mechanism includes a traction pin disk and a slewing bearing, the outer ring of the slewing bearing is fixed to the slewing plate at the front of the gooseneck frame, the inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixed to the upper part of the traction pin disk, and the lower part of the traction pin disk is connected to a pin saddle.

9. A gooseneck hydraulic steering device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The traction pin disc is provided with an eccentric fixing seat and is eccentrically arranged with the pin shaft through the eccentric fixing seat.

10. A transport vehicle, comprising a gooseneck hydraulic steering device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the traction pin plate of the gooseneck hydraulic steering device is fixed to the traction mechanism of the transport vehicle through a pin saddle.

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