Surface layer laying method and surface layer structure for wet area of cruise ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface layer laying method and a surface layer structure of a damp area of a cruise ship. The surface layer laying method comprises the steps that water retaining flat iron is installed, specifically, a rigid supporting plate is arranged at the internal corner where the water retaining flat iron is connected with a deck, and the water retaining flat iron and the deck are continuously welded through the rigid supporting plate; a first adhesive is adopted to seal the weld joint; a deck primary covering is laid on the deck; a wall plate is laid on the water retaining flat iron; and a second adhesive is adopted to lay panels on the outer sides of the primary deck covering, the water retaining flat iron and the wall plates, and the like. The rigid supporting plate is arranged at the internal corner where the water retaining flat iron is connected with the deck and used for continuous welding, adhesive sealing of welding seams and improvement of construction processes and materials such as adhesives for ceramic tiles, so that the requirements for reliability of the surface layer laying method of the wet area of the cruise ship and high quality of the surface layer structure are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cruise ship decoration construction, and more specifically to a surface layer laying method and a surface layer structure in a wet area of ​​a cruise ship. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of large luxury cruise ships, the floor or wall needs to be decorated after the cabins are formed. Generally, formed floor (wall) tiles are manually laid by mortar. The laying of floor (wall) tiles is the last step of the construction of the structure, and the laying quality requirements are high, especially the flatness and grouting effect requirements are extremely high. At the same time, the wet areas of the cruise ship must be installed with water retaining flat irons and drainage grooves. After waterproofing, the dressing is laid to make the ground flat before the tiles can be installed.

[0003] To ensure the sealing and water-retaining performance, the water-retaining flat iron must be continuously welded to the deck on the wet side, all water-retaining flat irons must be continuously welded and butted, and the vertical welds must be continuously welded to the deck. Due to the problems of local high temperature areas and uneven cooling during the welding process, it is easy to cause a large temperature gradient in a certain area of ​​the water-retaining flat iron, thereby generating uneven shrinkage stress, which in turn causes the water-retaining flat iron to bend and deform. To avoid the bending of the water-retaining flat iron during welding, the following solutions can be adopted:

[0004] Before welding, the water retaining flat iron is intentionally pre-deformed to form an initial reverse arch, thereby offsetting the deformation when uneven shrinkage occurs during welding, and finally ensuring the flatness of the structure. However, this method has high requirements for deformation calculation, and the uneven temperature field caused by manual welding is usually difficult to accurately predict in advance, so it is not practical.

[0005] During the welding process, pay attention to temperature control, preheat before welding, slow cooling after welding, and try to reduce the situation where the temperature in the local area cools too fast, such as supplementing heat with a hot air blower. Although this method reduces the problem of large temperature gradient to a certain extent, the problem of uneven shrinkage still exists. Therefore, developing an efficient and reliable surface layer laying method and surface layer structure for the wet area of ​​a cruise ship is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a surface layer laying method and surface layer structure in the wet area of ​​a cruise ship, by arranging a rigid support plate at the inner corner where the water-retaining flat iron meets the deck for continuous welding and improving the construction technology and materials such as adhesive sealing of welds and adhesive for tiles, so as to meet the reliability of the surface layer laying method and the high quality of the surface layer structure in the wet area of ​​the cruise ship.

[0007] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention provides a method for laying a surface layer in a wet area of ​​a cruise ship, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, installing the water retaining flat iron: after the deck is calibrated and before the deck base material is installed, the water retaining flat iron is installed; the water retaining flat iron is provided with a rigid support plate at the inner corner where it meets the deck, and the rigid support plate and the deck are continuously welded;

[0009] Step S2, using a first adhesive to seal the weld in step S1;

[0010] Step S3, laying deck base material on the deck; laying wallboard on the water retaining flat iron;

[0011] Step S4: using a second adhesive to lay panels on the deck base layer, the water retaining flat iron and the outer side of the wallboard.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the water-retaining flat iron matches that of the deck, with a height of not less than 100 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm; the rigid support plate is a pad iron made of cast iron or cast steel, with a height of 50 mm and a thickness of 8-10 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, for the steel deck, the water retaining flat iron is AISI 316 steel and is welded using SUPRANOX 309L welding rod or welding rods of equivalent specifications.

[0014] Furthermore, the first adhesive is a one-component polyurethane adhesive or a silicone adhesive; and the deck base dressing is a cement-based deck dressing or a polyurethane dressing.

[0015] Furthermore, the panel is a tile or marble; and the second adhesive is a two-component polyurethane adhesive.

[0016] Furthermore, two-component epoxy resin caulking is provided between each block of the panel.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides a surface layer structure for a wet area of ​​a cruise ship, characterized in that it is obtained by laying according to the above-mentioned surface layer laying method, comprising:

[0018] The water retaining flat iron is continuously welded to the deck through the rigid support plate;

[0019] A first adhesive layer, covering and sealing the continuous weld seam;

[0020] The second adhesive layer is provided on the deck base dressing, the water retaining flat iron and the outer side of the wall plate, and is used to adhere the panel;

[0021] The panel is located on the outermost side of the surface layer.

[0022] Furthermore, the material of the water-retaining flat iron matches that of the deck, with a height of not less than 100 mm and a thickness of 3-5 mm; the rigid support plate is a pad iron made of cast iron or cast steel, with a height of 50 mm and a thickness of 8-10 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the first adhesive layer is a single-component polyurethane adhesive; and the deck base dressing is a cement-based deck dressing or a polyurethane dressing.

[0024] Furthermore, the panel is a tile or marble; the second adhesive is a two-component polyurethane adhesive; and two-component epoxy resin caulking is also provided between each block of the panel.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention adds a temporary rigid support on the back of the water retaining flat iron. By adding an additional support to limit the deformation of the water retaining flat iron, although a large residual stress is inevitably introduced, it can better prevent the water retaining flat iron from being deformed.

[0027] (2) The present invention uses elastic materials (silicone materials, polyester materials, etc.) with low flame spread characteristics to seal the welds, which can well meet the marine requirements of sealing and tensile crack resistance at the same time.

[0028] (3) The paving operation guided by the surface layer laying method of the present invention has high flatness, excellent waterproof performance, and good consistency of the obtained surface layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for laying a surface layer in a wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic elevation view of the surface laying structure in the wet area of ​​a cruise ship in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0032] Among them, 1. Deck; 2. Deck base dressing; 3. Water-retaining flat iron; 4. First adhesive; 5. Siding; 6. Second adhesive; 7. Panel; 8. Two-component epoxy resin caulking; 31. Rigid support plate; 32. First continuous weld; 33. Second continuous weld. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0035] In addition, the term "comprise" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes unlisted steps or units, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatus.

[0036] Embodiment 1,

[0037] The wet areas of a cruise ship are public areas or service areas that may be flooded or require frequent and high-intensity cleaning. Semi-wet areas refer to areas with moisture or water within the height range above the floor and below the ceiling. If rock wool panels or interior decorative panels are to be installed in these areas, boundary water retaining flat irons and drainage grooves must be installed at the door openings to contain liquids and avoid leakage. Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for laying a surface layer in a wet area of ​​a cruise ship, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1, installing the water retaining flat iron 3: after the deck 1 is calibrated, the water retaining flat iron 3 is installed before the deck base covering 2 is installed; see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the water retaining flat iron 3 is provided with a rigid support plate 31 at the inner corner where it meets the deck, and is continuously welded through the rigid support plate 31 and the deck 1. More specifically, a first continuous weld 32 is provided at the intersection of the inner corner of the water retaining flat iron 3 and the rigid support plate 31; a second continuous weld 33 is provided at the intersection of the inner corner of the rigid support plate 31 and the deck 1. More specifically, the water retaining flat iron is spot welded first, and then continuously welded after confirming the correct installation position. If the water retaining flat iron is used to support decorative panels, insulating panels or under furniture, an L-shaped water retaining flat iron can be used. The water retaining flat iron installed in the technical area of ​​the cabin and the fire station can be made of low carbon steel, spot welded to the deck, and sealed with a suitable paintable material on the wet side.

[0039] As a preferred technical solution, the material of the water retaining flat iron 3 matches the material of the deck 1, the height is not less than 100mm, and the thickness is 3-5mm; the rigid support plate 31 is a pad iron, the material is cast iron or cast steel, the height is 50mm, and the thickness is 8-10mm. The rigid support plate 31 is used as a transition material between the water retaining flat iron 3 and the deck 1, and is easier to seal weld with the water retaining flat iron 3 or the deck 1, and is not easy to deform during continuous welding, which can better prevent the water retaining flat iron from deforming.

[0040] As an example, for a steel deck, the water retaining flat iron 3 is AISI 316 steel and is welded using SUPRANOX 309L welding rod or welding rods of equivalent specifications.

[0041] Step S2: Use the first adhesive 4 to seal the weld in step S1. The first adhesive 4 is preferably a single-component polyurethane adhesive or a silicone adhesive, which can well meet the requirements of sealing and tensile crack resistance for marine use.

[0042] Step S3, laying the deck base dressing 2 on the deck 1; laying the wallboard 5 on the water-retaining flat iron 3. According to the function of the dressing and the laying process during the shipbuilding process, it can be divided into two types: leveling dressing and filling dressing. The function of the leveling dressing is to level the deck surface, ensure that the flatness of the steel deck is within the tolerance range, ensure the subsequent smooth installation of the floor, and provide a reference plane for furniture installation. In this embodiment, the deck base dressing 2 is a cement-based deck dressing or a polyurethane dressing. More specifically, the cement-based deck dressing is a leveling dressing prepared by a cement matrix, mineral fibers, uniform and stable granular materials and fresh water. The polyurethane dressing is a leveling dressing composed of polyurethane and a catalyst.

[0043] Step S4, using the second adhesive 6 to lay the panel 7 on the outside of the deck base dressing 2, the water-retaining flat iron 3 and the wallboard 5. As a preferred technical solution, the panel 7 is a tile or marble; the second adhesive 6 is a two-component polyurethane adhesive. The two-component polyurethane adhesive consists of two components: a main agent and a curing agent. Prepare it in a certain proportion before use. The main agent is a component containing active hydrogen, and the curing agent is a polyurethane prepolymer component containing -NCO groups. The adhesive is generally applied in two layers, both on the back of the tile and the base deck dressing, and the total thickness of the adhesive cannot exceed 10 mm. In order to ensure that the adhesive surface is smooth and avoid local discontinuity, a suitable trowel should be used to scrape the adhesive. The contact area between the tile and the adhesive should not be less than 90% to avoid weakening the maximum allowable bearing capacity of the tile.

[0044] Adhesive selection experiment:

[0045] In order to ensure the strength and durability of tile bonding, we compared different adhesives and compared the compatibility of different adhesives with the base deck dressing to avoid the failure of bonding and the falling of tiles. Three types of tile adhesives were selected in the experiment, namely two-component polyurethane, quick-setting cement, and two-component epoxy resin adhesives. As mentioned above, the base deck dressing mainly uses two types of dressings, cement-based and polyurethane-based. Cut 40mm×40mm tiles and 160mm×50mm steel plates (18 pieces) were prepared for bonding tests, and the environmental conditions in different areas on the cruise ship were simulated, setting dry (no immersion in water after curing, 23℃, standing for 7d), humid (immersion in water after curing, 23℃, standing for 7d), high temperature (no immersion in water after curing, 40℃, standing for 7d), and preparing experimental equipment such as weight blocks.

[0046] Adhesive test process:

[0047] First, the surface of the steel plate (simulating the steel deck) was preliminarily cleaned with a brush, and the base deck dressing type was prepared. The dressing was evenly applied to the surface of the steel plate with a thickness of 35±5mm. Among them, 9 pieces were cement-based and 9 pieces were polyurethane-based dressings. The coated samples were placed in an environment with an ambient temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50%±5%) for curing (28d±12h). After curing, the surface was cleaned again with a brush, the adhesive was prepared, and the dressing surface was primed and combed in different areas with a toothed scraper. The thickness was controlled at 2±1mm. The grouping and numbering are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1 Specimen numbers and parameters involved

[0049] serial number Environmental conditions Dressing materials Binder material DC-1 dry Cement base Two-component polyurethane adhesive WC-1 Wet Cement base Two-component polyurethane adhesive DC-2 dry Cement base Quick-setting cement binder WC-2 Wet Cement base Quick-setting cement binder DC-3 dry Cement base Two-component epoxy adhesive WC-3 Wet Cement base Two-component epoxy adhesive DP-1 dry Polyurethane base Two-component polyurethane adhesive WP-1 Wet Polyurethane base Two-component polyurethane adhesive DP-2 dry Polyurethane base Quick-setting cement binder WP-2 Wet Polyurethane base Quick-setting cement binder DP-3 dry Polyurethane base Two-component epoxy adhesive WP-3 Wet Polyurethane base Two-component epoxy adhesive

[0050] Place the cut 40mm×40mm small tiles with an interval of 10mm on the combed adhesive and press with a weight block for 1 minute. The bonding strength test is carried out according to the method given in JCT / 547-2017 "Ceramic Tile Adhesive". The bonding system is maintained at an ambient temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50%±5%) for (28d±12h). After the curing is completed, it is placed under different environmental conditions for 7 days, and then a high-strength adhesive is applied to the surface of the tile, followed by a special iron block for mortar bonding strength testing, and continued to be cured under standard curing conditions for 24 hours. After it is firmly bonded, the bonding strength of the system is measured using a bonding strength tester at a loading rate of (100±10)N / s.

[0051] Adhesive test results:

[0052] Through the bonding strength test, the compatibility and strength test results of different adhesives with deck coverings were obtained. The experimental results show that under dry conditions, all kinds of adhesives have good bonding effects with dressings, with little difference; the strength of the bonded specimens immersed in water is reduced to a certain extent compared with the strength of the dry bonded specimens under the same conditions (that is, the bonding strength of DCx is greater than that of WCx, and the bonding strength of DPx is greater than that of WPx). This is because the change in environmental conditions causes the curing degree of the adhesive to change, thereby reducing the bonding strength. From the perspective of bonding strength, for humid environments, two-component polyurethane adhesives are more suitable for cement bases or polyurethane bases than quick-setting cement adhesives and two-component epoxy resin adhesives.

[0053] Preferably, two-component epoxy resin caulking is provided between each block of the panel 7. The two-component polyurethane adhesive is composed of two components, epoxy resin and curing agent, and is prepared in a certain proportion before use.

[0054] Embodiment 2,

[0055] This embodiment provides a surface layer structure for a wet area of ​​a cruise ship, characterized in that it is obtained by laying according to the surface layer laying method described in Embodiment 1, and comprises:

[0056] The water retaining flat iron 3 is continuously welded to the deck 1 through the rigid support plate 31;

[0057] A first adhesive layer, covering and sealing the continuous weld seam;

[0058] The second adhesive layer is provided on the deck base dressing 2, the water-retaining flat iron 3 and the outer side of the wall plate 5, and is used to adhere the panel 7;

[0059] The panel 7 is arranged on the outermost side of the surface layer.

[0060] From the above description, it can be seen that the surface layer laying method and surface layer structure disclosed in the present invention for the wet area of ​​the cruise ship are improved by arranging a rigid support plate at the inner corner where the water-retaining flat iron meets the deck for continuous welding and adhesive sealing of welds, adhesive for tiles and other construction processes and materials, so as to meet the reliability of the surface layer laying method and the high quality of the surface layer structure in the wet area of ​​the cruise ship.

[0061] Those skilled in the art should understand that those skilled in the art can implement variations by combining the prior art and the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. Such variations do not affect the essential content of the present invention, and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and the devices and structures that are not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any technician familiar with the art can use the above-disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for laying a surface layer in a wet area of ​​a cruise ship, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, installing the water retaining flat iron (3): after the deck (1) is calibrated, the water retaining flat iron (3) is installed before the deck base material (2) is installed; the water retaining flat iron (3) is provided with a rigid support plate (31) at the inner corner where it meets the deck, and the rigid support plate (31) and the deck (1) are continuously welded; Step S2, using a first adhesive (4) to seal the weld in step S1; Step S3, laying a deck base material (2) on the deck (1); laying a wallboard (5) on the water retaining flat iron (3); Step S4: using a second adhesive (6) to lay a panel (7) on the outside of the deck base covering (2), the water-retaining flat iron (3) and the wallboard (5).

2. The surface layer laying method for the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the water retaining flat iron (3) matches the material of the deck (1), the height is not less than 100 mm, and the thickness is 3-5 mm; the rigid support plate (31) is a pad iron, the material is cast iron or cast steel, the height is 50 mm, and the thickness is 8-10 mm.

3. The surface layer laying method for the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 2 is characterized in that: For the steel deck, the water retaining flat iron (3) is made of AISI 316 steel and is welded using SUPRANOX 309L welding rod or welding rods of equivalent specifications.

4. The surface layer laying method for the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first adhesive (4) is a single-component polyurethane adhesive or a silicone adhesive; and the deck base dressing (2) is a cement-based deck dressing or a polyurethane dressing.

5. The surface layer laying method for the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The panel (7) is a tile or marble; the second adhesive (6) is a two-component polyurethane adhesive.

6. The surface layer laying method for the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two-component epoxy resin caulking is also provided between the blocks of the panel (7).

7. The surface structure of the wet area of ​​the cruise ship is characterized by: The surface layer laying method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is obtained by laying, comprising: The water retaining flat iron (3) is continuously welded to the deck (1) via a rigid support plate (31); A first adhesive layer, covering and sealing the continuous weld seam; A second adhesive layer is provided on the outside of the deck base material (2), the water-retaining flat iron (3) and the wall plate (5) and is used for adhering the panel (7); The panel (7) is arranged on the outermost side of the surface layer.

8. The surface structure of the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the water retaining flat iron (3) matches the material of the deck (1), the height is not less than 100 mm, and the thickness is 3-5 mm; the rigid support plate (31) is a pad iron, the material is cast iron or cast steel, the height is 50 mm, and the thickness is 8-10 mm.

9. The surface structure of the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first adhesive layer is a single-component polyurethane adhesive; the deck base dressing (2) is a cement-based deck dressing or a polyurethane dressing.

10. The surface structure of the wet area of ​​a cruise ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The panel (7) is a tile or marble; the second adhesive (6) is a two-component polyurethane adhesive; and two-component epoxy resin caulking is also provided between the blocks of the panel (7).

Images