Stock bin and lightweight method and system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a stock bin and a lightweight method and system thereof. The stock bin comprises a skirt, a stock bin barrel arranged on the skirt, a cone top arranged on the stock bin barrel and a hopper arranged on the lower portion of the stock bin barrel. The skirt, the stock bin barrel, the cone top and the hopper are respectively divided into a plurality of corresponding units, the outer walls of the joints of any unit and other units are connected through flanges, and the inner walls of the joints are welded. Then, a finite element three-dimensional model of the stock bin is established, and shell unit simulation is conducted on a preset assembly of the stock bin; loading a preset load based on a preset working condition, and setting a boundary condition; and the loaded finite element three-dimensional model is solved based on preset software, demand parameters are obtained, and the wall thickness of the stock bin barrel is adjusted based on the demand parameters until the wall thickness meets preset strength and stability indexes. Therefore, the lightweight design of the stock bin is realized, and the construction cost of the stock bin of a polyolefin project is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of silos, and in particular to a silo and a lightweight method and system thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a silo for storing loose materials such as polypropylene and polyethylene, it has been widely used due to its large storage capacity, small footprint, high degree of mechanization, less material waste and easy mechanized operation. Among them, aluminum alloy silos have been widely used due to their low density, easy molding, good appearance, corrosion resistance and economical and practical advantages, especially the absence of iron pollutants. With the increase in the scale of polyolefin plants, large aluminum silos (volume exceeding 1000m 3 ) continue to appear, and the cost requirements are further increased. Therefore, a silo and its lightweight method and system are needed to further reduce the silo cost without changing the performance, so as to meet the current green, energy-saving and environmental protection requirements.

[0003] In the prior art, most of the silos used to store polyolefin powder and pellets in polyolefin plants are fully welded. Especially in the context of large-scale polyolefin plants, the shortcomings of this structural silo are particularly obvious, and the specific defects are as follows:

[0004] (1) The welded silo design standard NB / 47003.2 uses the cylinder film theory for analysis, which is an idealized analysis method. When the cylinder is subjected to an out-of-plane load, especially at the point where the cylinder wall thickness changes and the shell surface turns (such as the connection between the silo cylinder and the lower hopper), this method will cause a large error. In order to consider the impact of this error, the standard adopts a design concept that is biased towards safety, which results in a larger silo wall thickness and an inability to achieve a lightweight design.

[0005] (2) Since silos are generally oversized equipment (diameter oversize), they require a larger on-site construction area and more on-site construction personnel, resulting in high on-site management costs;

[0006] (3) Welded silos can generally only be welded manually (external manual welding) on ​​site, which requires a lot of welding work, resulting in a long construction period and high construction costs for the silo. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention at least partially solve the technical problem of high silo cost in the prior art by providing a silo and a lightweight method and system thereof, and achieve the technical effect of lightweight design and low-cost production of large aluminum silos.

[0008] In the first aspect, to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0009] A silo, comprising:

[0010] A skirt, a silo cylinder disposed on the skirt, a cone top disposed on the silo cylinder, and a hopper disposed at the lower part of the silo cylinder;

[0011] The skirt, the silo cylinder, the cone top and the hopper are respectively divided into a plurality of corresponding units, and the outer walls of the connection between any of the units and other units are connected by flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0012] Optionally, the silo cylinder includes a plurality of cylindrical shell units connected end to end, the outer walls of the connection between any of the cylindrical shell units and the other cylindrical shell units are connected via flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0013] Optionally, the cylindrical shell unit includes a plurality of first arc units, and the outer walls of the connection points between any of the first arc units and other first arc units are connected via flanges, and the inner walls of the connection points are welded.

[0014] Optionally, the hopper comprises a plurality of hollow truncated cone units, and the outer walls of the connection between any of the hollow truncated cone units and the other hollow truncated cone units are connected via a flange, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0015] Optionally, the hollow cone unit includes a plurality of second arc units, and the outer walls of the connection between any of the second arc units and other second arc units are connected via a flange, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0016] Optionally, a ring beam is provided at the connection between the silo cylinder and the hopper.

[0017] Optionally, the skirt seat includes an upper section, a lower section and an anchor bolt seat which are connected in sequence, the upper section is connected to the silo cylinder, the upper section is made of aluminum alloy, and the lower section is connected to the anchor bolt seat, and the lower section is made of carbon steel.

[0018] Optionally, the upper section and the lower section are connected via a circumferential flange.

[0019] Optionally, a first reinforcing rib is provided between the circumferential flange and the ring beam, and a second reinforcing rib is provided between the lower section and the anchor bolt seat.

[0020] In a second aspect, a silo lightweight method is provided, comprising:

[0021] Establish a finite element three-dimensional model of the silo and perform shell element simulation on the preset components of the silo;

[0022] Apply preset loads based on preset working conditions and set boundary conditions;

[0023] The loaded finite element three-dimensional model is solved based on the preset software to obtain the required parameters. Based on the required parameters, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder is adjusted until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators.

[0024] Optionally, the step of adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators further includes:

[0025] Solving the loaded finite element three-dimensional model based on preset software to obtain a stress intensity cloud diagram and an equivalent stress at a maximum stress point of the three-dimensional model under any preset working condition;

[0026] When the above-mentioned equivalent stress meets the conditions set based on the preset standard rules, the silo strength meets the requirements; otherwise, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder is adjusted, and the finite element analysis is re-performed until the preset strength requirements are met.

[0027] Optionally, the step of adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators further includes:

[0028] The above three-dimensional finite element model is subjected to linear elastic branch buckling simulation analysis to obtain the elastic instability load of the silo;

[0029] The above three-dimensional finite element model is subjected to elastic-plastic nonlinear analysis to obtain the plastic limit instability load;

[0030] Based on the above plastic limit instability load, elastic instability load and preset formula, the design allowable instability pressure is calculated;

[0031] When the design external pressure of the above-mentioned silo is less than or equal to the above-mentioned design allowable instability pressure, it is determined that the stability requirement is met; otherwise, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder is adjusted, and the design allowable instability pressure is recalculated based on the above steps.

[0032] In a third aspect, a silo lightweight system is provided, comprising:

[0033] A model building module, used to build a finite element three-dimensional model of the silo as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and perform shell element simulation on the preset components of the silo;

[0034] Loading module, which loads preset loads based on preset working conditions and sets boundary conditions;

[0035] The stability assessment module solves the loaded finite element three-dimensional model based on preset software to obtain required parameters, and based on the required parameters, adjusts the wall thickness of the silo cylinder until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators.

[0036] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0037] The invention is based on the role of reinforcing ribs in improving the stability of the silo, and adopts flanges for connection, thereby realizing a lightweight design of the silo. For engineering companies executing polyolefin projects, especially overseas polyolefin projects, it can shorten the silo production cycle and material costs, reduce on-site construction and management costs and safety risks (the cost of personnel relocation for overseas projects is high), thereby effectively reducing the execution cost of polyolefin projects, providing a guarantee for achieving more profits, and has very broad application prospects and important practical significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a silo provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the silo cylinder, the hopper and the skirt in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flange type reinforcement rib in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the outer wall being fixed by flange-type reinforcing ribs and the interior being welded in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a mechanical analysis diagram in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 A flow chart of a silo lightweight method provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a silo lightweight system provided by the present invention.

[0046] Figure numerals: 1. hopper; 2. skirt; 21. ring beam; 22. first reinforcement rib; 23. upper section; 24. circumferential flange; 25. second reinforcement rib; 26. lower section; 27. anchor bolt seat; 3. silo cylinder; 4. cone top; 5. flange reinforcement rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limitations of the technical solutions of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0052] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0053] The self-reinforced flange connection type silo is adopted, that is, the flange connection is set at the connection point, which is equivalent to setting a reinforcing rib (hereinafter referred to as flange reinforcing rib 5), and automatic welding or semi-automatic welding is adopted on the inner wall to improve the installation efficiency. At the same time, the stability increased by the reinforcing rib is used to conduct mechanical analysis on the silo wall thickness, so as to achieve lightweight design and reduce costs.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A silo is shown, comprising:

[0055] A skirt 2, a silo cylinder 3 arranged on the skirt 2, a cone top 4 arranged on the silo cylinder 3, and a hopper 1 arranged at the lower part of the silo cylinder 3; the skirt 2, the silo cylinder 3, the cone top 4 and the hopper 1 are respectively divided into a plurality of corresponding units, and the outer walls of the connection between any unit and other units are connected by flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0056] It should be noted that the skirt 2, the silo body 3, the cone 4 and the hopper 1 are divided into a plurality of corresponding units, respectively, in order to carry out a modular design of the silo, that is, standardized block division, so that the divided units and the reinforcing ribs (such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the prefabrication is carried out in the factory, achieving highly standardized prefabrication in the factory and modular and quick assembly construction on site. This can greatly save the construction area, construction workers and construction period on site, thereby saving the cost of on-site assembly and construction management. The outer wall of the joint is connected by a flange, which is intended to connect the units and enhance the stability between the units. In addition, the inner wall of the joint is also welded, such as Figure 4 As shown, the stability is further improved. Compared with the manual welding used in the prior art, the main reason is that the units are not fixed correspondingly during installation, or they need to be fixed with the help of huge lifting machinery, so manual welding can only be used. After the flange-type reinforcement rib 5 of the outer wall is connected in this embodiment, the entire device is fixed by the flange, so that the inner wall can be welded by semi-automatic or fully automatic welding, which improves the installation efficiency.

[0057] As for improving stability, the specific principle is as follows: compared with the pressure vessels in the petrochemical plant, the silo is generally a large diameter, thin shell structure. Such a structure (a structure with a large diameter-to-thickness ratio) is prone to buckling instability under load. Therefore, longitudinal or transverse flange-type reinforcement ribs 5 are arranged on the outside of the silo, which can effectively improve the stability of the silo. Similarly, the flange-type reinforcement ribs 5 have a reinforcing effect on the silo wall, silo top and bottom cone shell of the silo. In addition, the flange-type reinforcement ribs 5 on the outer wall of the silo can also play a turbulent role, thereby eliminating or destroying the formation of Karman vortices under wind load. The natural frequency of the silo with flange-type reinforcement ribs 5 is significantly higher than that of the welded silo, thereby improving the stability of the silo.

[0058] Furthermore, the silo cylinder 3 includes a plurality of cylindrical shell units connected end to end, and the outer walls of the connection between any cylindrical shell unit and other cylindrical shell units are connected by flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0059] It should be noted that the standardized modules of the silo are mainly divided according to different parts. As for the silo cylinder 3, it is cylindrical, so it is divided into a plurality of standard cylindrical shell units, which is convenient for transportation and installation. The connection method adopts the method of flange-type reinforcement ribs 5, that is, the outer wall of the connection is connected by a flange, and the inner wall of the connection is fixed by welding, thereby improving stability.

[0060] Furthermore, the cylindrical shell unit includes a plurality of first arc units, and the outer walls of the connection between any first arc unit and other first arc units are connected through flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0061] It should be noted that the division of the cylindrical shell unit only strengthens the stability of the silo cylinder 3 in the circumferential direction, but the stability in the axial direction or vertical direction also needs to be increased. At the same time, the cylindrical shell unit is divided again to make the standard unit smaller, thereby realizing factory standardized prefabrication and container-type transportation. Therefore, the cylindrical shell unit is divided into multiple standard arc units, and flange-type reinforcement ribs 5 are added in the axial direction or vertical direction to further improve the stability.

[0062] Furthermore, the hopper 1 includes a plurality of hollow truncated cone units, and the outer walls of the connection between any hollow truncated cone unit and other hollow truncated cone units are connected through flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

[0063] It should be noted that the principle is the same as that of the silo cylinder 3, but the hopper 1 is divided into multiple hollow truncated cone units due to its different shapes, and the connection method is still the flange-type reinforcement rib 5, so as to improve stability. Correspondingly, the hollow truncated cone unit can also be further divided, that is, the hollow truncated cone unit includes multiple second arc units, and the outer wall of the connection between any second arc unit and other second arc units is connected by a flange, and the inner wall of the connection is welded.

[0064] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, a ring beam 21 is provided at the connection between the silo cylinder 3 and the hopper 1 .

[0065] It should be noted that, for the hopper 1 of the silo, the meridional force (tangential) and normal pressure of the loose materials on the wall of the hopper 1, as well as the friction force caused thereby, will cause the wall of the hopper 1 to generate a pulling force along the generatrix direction, and reach a maximum value at the turning connection between the silo cylinder 3 and the hopper 1. As a result, the horizontal component of the pulling force causes a large circumferential pressure to be generated at the turning connection. For this reason, in this embodiment, a ring beam 21 is provided at the turning connection to withstand this pressure, so as to increase the strength of the turning connection and improve the stability.

[0066] Furthermore, if Figure 2As shown, the skirt 2 includes an upper section 23, a lower section 26 and an anchor bolt seat 27 which are connected in sequence. The upper section 23 is connected to the silo cylinder 3 and is made of aluminum alloy. The lower section 26 is connected to the anchor bolt seat 27 and is made of carbon steel.

[0067] Since the weight of the entire equipment and external loads (i.e. wind and earthquake loads) need to be supported by the skirt 2 (i.e. the upper section 23 and the lower section 26), the skirt 2 needs to be designed to be relatively thick to meet the strength requirements. For this reason, the present embodiment adopts a method of separating the upper and lower sections, and only requires the aluminum alloy of the upper section 23 to be thicker, so that the entire skirt 2 does not need to be made of aluminum alloy, which is a relatively expensive material. The lower section 26 is made of carbon steel, firstly because the material cost is low, and secondly because the strength of carbon steel is higher than that of aluminum alloy, so the thickness of the skirt 2 of the lower section 26 can be appropriately reduced. In addition, dividing the skirt 2 into two parts can also facilitate construction and disassembly.

[0068] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the upper section 23 and the lower section 26 are connected by a circumferential flange 24. Because the connection between the upper section 23 and the lower section 26 needs to withstand greater stress, the flange is used for connection, thereby playing the role of a reinforcing rib.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, a first reinforcing rib 22 is provided between the circumferential flange 24 and the ring beam 21 , and a second reinforcing rib 25 is provided between the lower section 26 and the anchor bolt seat 27 .

[0070] It should be noted that, for a silo with a weighing instrument, the silo skirt 2 is supported on a number of (usually 6-8) discontinuous weighing units. In order to prevent excessive stress from being generated on the silo cylinder 3 at the discontinuous support points, radial flange-type reinforcement ribs 5, namely the first reinforcement rib 22 and the second reinforcement rib 25, are arranged at the discontinuous support points, thereby improving stability.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided Figure 6 A silo lightweight method is shown, the method comprising steps S101 to S103:

[0072] S101, establishing a finite element three-dimensional model of the silo, and performing shell element simulation on the preset components of the silo;

[0073] It should be noted that the establishment of the finite element three-dimensional model is to use the finite element software ANSYS to establish the silo finite element overall three-dimensional model. Among them, the silo cylinder 3, the silo top / bottom cone shell head, the silo top / bottom pipe, the cylinder and the flange type reinforcement 5 are all simulated by the 4-node shell element SHELL181. The calculated thickness of the finite element model is the effective thickness of each analysis element, that is, the material corrosion allowance and material negative deviation have been deducted.

[0074] In detail, when establishing the model (that is, when designing), it is necessary to divide the silo cylinder 3 into several cylindrical units according to the different silo volumes and cylinder heights, and each cylindrical shell unit is divided into 4 to 6 first arc units; the silo cone 4 is divided into 4 to 6 standard blocks; the silo hopper 1 is divided into three hollow truncated cone units, the top section is divided into 4 second arc units, the middle section is divided into 2 second arc units, and the bottom section is not divided into blocks. All standard blocks are connected in the circumferential and axial directions by reinforcing ribs that act as flanges.

[0075] S102, loading a preset load based on a preset working condition and setting boundary conditions;

[0076] It should be noted that under actual working conditions, it is necessary to consider the pressure load (positive pressure, negative pressure), the operating weight of the silo, the additional pipeline load of the silo cone top 4, the wind load and the earthquake load, and the load caused by the loose materials in the silo. The operating weight of the silo includes the gravity load of the silo, the operating materials, accessories, insulation materials, ladder platforms, etc. and other auxiliary equipment. The load caused by the loose materials in the silo includes the vertical pressure of the materials, the horizontal pressure, and the friction between the materials and the silo wall. Based on this, the preset working conditions are shown in Table 1.

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Table 1

[0080] According to the preset working conditions in Table 1, the preset load is loaded. First, in the loading of force load and material load, only the pressure load is loaded for the position without material (the silo cone top 4 and the silo cylinder 3 above the material level line); and the cylinder part of the silo that contacts the material is loaded with the combined force of the pressure and the horizontal pressure of the material, and at the same time, the downward friction between the material and the cylinder wall needs to be loaded, such as Figure 5 As shown. In addition, the material generates vertical force and horizontal force on the hopper 1, and these two forces are decomposed into the normal force perpendicular to the cone surface and the tangential force along the cone surface. When loading the hopper 1, the normal force and the pressure are combined for loading, and the tangential force and the friction between the material and the cone shell caused by the normal force are combined for loading, as shown in Figure 5 shown.

[0081] Secondly, when loading seismic loads, when the design intensity is less than or equal to 7 degrees, only horizontal seismic forces are considered. When the seismic intensity is 8 or 9 degrees, in addition to horizontal seismic forces, vertical seismic forces in the upper and lower directions also need to be considered. The horizontal seismic forces and vertical seismic forces borne by each section of the silo body can be obtained according to the provisions of the standard specifications. Among them, for the horizontal seismic force, it is loaded in two parts: ① The horizontal seismic force of the silo shell body, the horizontal seismic force of each belt of the silo cylinder 3 is divided by the number of nodes in each belt, and the horizontal seismic force applied to each node is obtained and applied to the model node; ② The horizontal seismic force generated by the material due to the earthquake, the surface effect unit is used to apply the horizontal seismic force of the material according to the projected area.

[0082] Third, when loading the wind load, the horizontal wind force of each section of the silo is obtained according to the provisions of industry standards and formulas, and is applied to the windward side of the silo top cone shell, silo cylinder 3 and skirt 2 in the form of surface pressure.

[0083] After the load is applied, the boundary conditions are set as follows: the degrees of freedom of all nodes on the bottom surface of the skirt 2 in all directions are constrained, that is, the displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions and the rotations in the circumferential direction are all zero.

[0084] S103, solving the loaded finite element three-dimensional model based on the preset software to obtain the required parameters, and based on the required parameters, adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators.

[0085] It should be noted that the finite element analysis of the silo mainly uses finite element numerical simulation to analyze the strength and stability of the flange-connected silo. The strength and stability analysis of the silo under internal pressure and external loads uses the stress classification method; the instability analysis of the silo under external pressure and external loads uses the linear branch buckling analysis. The detailed strength and stability analysis methods are as follows:

[0086] In the step of adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators, the strength and stability analysis under internal pressure and external load includes:

[0087] The loaded finite element three-dimensional model is solved based on the preset software to obtain the stress intensity cloud diagram and the equivalent stress at the maximum stress point of the three-dimensional model under any preset working condition; when the equivalent stress meets the conditions set based on the preset standard rules, the silo strength meets the requirements; otherwise, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 is adjusted, and the finite element analysis is re-performed until the preset strength requirements are met.

[0088] In detail, the equivalent stress at the maximum stress point of the three-dimensional model is the equivalent stress of the middle surface, bottom surface and top surface at the maximum stress point. According to the stress classification evaluation rules in the analysis and design standard specifications, the stress of the middle surface is the primary local membrane stress SII , press 1.5K Assessment, among which, is the design stress intensity at the design temperature, K is the load factor, which is 1.0; Φ is the weld factor. The stress on the top and bottom surfaces is the primary plus secondary stress S IV , press Max Assessment, where S m is the design stress intensity at room temperature, is the yield strength at the design temperature. II , S IV When it is greater than the preset allowable value (i.e. the set condition), adjust the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 and re-perform finite element analysis until the preset requirements are met.

[0089] In the step of adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators, the instability analysis under external pressure and external load includes:

[0090] The finite element three-dimensional model is subjected to linear elastic branch buckling simulation analysis to obtain the elastic instability load P of the silo. cr ; The finite element three-dimensional model is subjected to elastic-plastic nonlinear analysis to obtain the plastic limit instability load P pl ;

[0091] Calculate the design allowable buckling pressure based on the plastic limit buckling load, elastic buckling load and preset formula;

[0092] In detail, calculate the flexibility first

[0093] The elastic-plastic reduction factor χ is calculated based on the flexibility, where λ0 is taken as 0.2 for axial instability assessment and 0.4 for circumferential instability assessment. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Then calculate the critical elastic-plastic instability load P k =χP pl ;

[0096] Finally, the design allowable instability pressure P is obtained. d =P k / 1.1.

[0097] The judgment is made based on the design allowable instability pressure. When the design external pressure of the silo is less than or equal to the design allowable instability pressure, it is judged that the stability requirement is met; otherwise, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 is adjusted, and the design allowable instability pressure is recalculated based on the above steps.

[0098] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a silo lightweight system, such as Figure 7 As shown, including:

[0099] Model building module, used to build a finite element three-dimensional model of the silo and perform shell element simulation on the preset components of the silo;

[0100] Loading module, which loads preset loads based on preset working conditions and sets boundary conditions;

[0101] The stability assessment module solves the loaded finite element three-dimensional model based on the preset software to obtain the required parameters, and based on the required parameters, adjusts the wall thickness of the silo cylinder 3 until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators.

[0102] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0103] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0104] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A silo, characterized in that: The silo comprises: A skirt, a silo cylinder disposed on the skirt, a cone top disposed on the silo cylinder, and a hopper disposed at the lower part of the silo cylinder; The skirt, the silo cylinder, the cone top and the hopper are respectively divided into a plurality of corresponding units, and the outer walls of the connection between any one of the units and the other units are connected by flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

2. The silo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo cylinder body includes a plurality of cylindrical shell units connected end to end, the outer walls of the connection between any cylindrical shell unit and other cylindrical shell units are connected via flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

3. The silo according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylindrical shell unit includes a plurality of first arc units, and the outer wall of the connection between any of the first arc units and other first arc units is connected through a flange, and the inner wall of the connection is welded.

4. The silo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hopper includes a plurality of hollow truncated cone units, and the outer walls of the connection between any of the hollow truncated cone units and other hollow truncated cone units are connected via flanges, and the inner walls of the connection are welded.

5. The silo according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow truncated cone unit includes a plurality of second circular arc units, and the outer wall of the connection between any second circular arc unit and other second circular arc units is connected through a flange, and the inner wall of the connection is welded.

6. The silo according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ring beam is provided at the connection between the silo cylinder and the hopper.

7. The silo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skirt seat includes an upper section, a lower section and an anchor bolt seat which are connected in sequence, the upper section is connected to the silo cylinder and is made of aluminum alloy, the lower section is connected to the anchor bolt seat and is made of carbon steel.

8. The silo according to claim 7, characterized in that The upper section and the lower section are connected via a circumferential flange.

9. The silo according to claim 8, characterized in that A first reinforcing rib is provided between the circumferential flange and the ring beam, and a second reinforcing rib is provided between the lower section of the skirt seat and the anchor bolt seat.

10. A method for lightweighting a silo, characterized in that: The method comprises: Establishing a finite element three-dimensional model of the silo as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and performing shell element simulation on the preset components of the silo; Apply preset loads based on preset working conditions and set boundary conditions; The loaded finite element three-dimensional model is solved based on preset software to obtain required parameters, and based on the required parameters, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder is adjusted until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The step of adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators also includes: Solving the loaded finite element three-dimensional model based on preset software to obtain a stress intensity cloud diagram and an equivalent stress at a maximum stress point of the three-dimensional model under any preset working condition; When the equivalent stress meets the conditions set based on the preset standard rules, the silo strength meets the requirements; otherwise, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder is adjusted and the finite element analysis is re-performed until the preset strength requirements are met.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The step of adjusting the wall thickness of the silo cylinder until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators also includes: Performing linear elastic branch buckling simulation analysis on the finite element three-dimensional model to obtain the elastic instability load of the silo; Performing elastic-plastic nonlinear analysis on the finite element three-dimensional model to obtain the plastic limit instability load; Calculating the design allowable instability pressure based on the plastic limit instability load, the elastic instability load and a preset formula; When the design external pressure of the silo is less than or equal to the design allowable instability pressure, it is determined that the stability requirement is met; otherwise, the wall thickness of the silo cylinder is adjusted, and the design allowable instability pressure is recalculated based on the above steps.

13. A silo lightweight system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A model building module, used to build a finite element three-dimensional model of the silo as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and perform shell element simulation on the preset components of the silo; Loading module, which loads preset loads based on preset working conditions and sets boundary conditions; The stability assessment module solves the loaded finite element three-dimensional model based on preset software to obtain required parameters, and based on the required parameters, adjusts the wall thickness of the silo cylinder until it meets the preset strength and stability indicators.

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