Canal water flow monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water flow monitoring, in particular to a river and canal water flow monitoring method. By designing the movable monitoring block capable of moving back and forth along the lead screw guide rail mechanism, the multiple flow monitoring holes longitudinally formed in the movable monitoring block can monitor water flow information of all positions of the cross section of the river and the canal in the process that the movable monitoring block moves back and forth at a constant speed, and a more accurate flow monitoring value can be obtained by averaging. The river and canal flow monitoring section is cuboid-shaped, has fixed width and can relieve the turbulent flow of the original river, and the water level height average value in the process that the movable monitoring block moves back and forth at a constant speed can be obtained in combination with water level detection, so that the average water flow area of the cross section of the monitored river and canal is obtained; the average water flow of the cross section of the river and the canal can be converted according to the proportion of the area of water flow passing through the flow monitoring holes. The monitoring method can improve the water flow monitoring accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water flow monitoring, and in particular to a method for monitoring water flow in a river channel. Background Art

[0002] The Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN109029597B discloses a channel water measuring device and method, which includes a widened channel, the widened channel is divided into three areas, namely, a water inlet pool area, a water pipe laying area and a water outlet pool area, the water pipe laying area is composed of a row of pipes, the pipes are sealed by concrete, a non-full pipe electromagnetic flowmeter is installed on one of the pipes, and the total flow area of ​​the pipes in the water pipe laying area is greater than the original channel flow area. The present invention realizes the pipeline measurement of the channel. By setting multiple pipes, it not only ensures that the water flow rate is not reduced, but also reduces the pipe diameter, and the small instrument is easier to install and replace.

[0003] Since the water flow velocity in each area in the cross section of the canal is not balanced, the water flow velocity near the sides of the canal will be lower than the water flow velocity in the middle of the canal. Therefore, in the above patent solution, the electromagnetic flow meter is only installed in one of the pipes, which ignores the problem of different water flow velocities at different positions in the canal, resulting in inaccurate monitoring results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a river channel water flow monitoring method capable of improving the accuracy of water flow monitoring.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for monitoring water flow in a river channel is based on a monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device comprises:

[0007] A river channel flow monitoring section, wherein the river channel flow monitoring section is a rectangular river channel section arranged in the middle of the river channel;

[0008] A screw guide rail mechanism, the screw guide rail mechanism comprises a connecting frame, a screw body, a guide rail body, a motor, a reduction box and a sliding seat; the two connecting frames are respectively erected on both sides of the middle of the river flow monitoring section; the two ends of the screw body are respectively rotatably connected to the connecting frame; the two ends of the guide rail body are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame; the motor is transmission-connected to the screw body through the reduction box; the sliding seat is threadedly connected to the screw body, and the sliding seat is slidably matched with the guide rail body;

[0009] A monitoring mechanism, the monitoring mechanism comprising a mobile monitoring block connected to the lower part of the sliding seat, the mobile monitoring block is provided with a flow monitoring hole axially in the X direction, and a plurality of the flow monitoring holes are distributed in an array along the vertical direction;

[0010] A brushing mechanism, the brushing mechanism is connected to the lower part of the monitoring mechanism, and the brushing mechanism includes a brush that contacts the bottom of the river flow monitoring section;

[0011] A flow meter, wherein each of the flow measurement holes is provided with a flow meter;

[0012] A river water level sensor, which is connected to the inner wall of the river flow monitoring section or to the side wall of the monitoring block;

[0013] A controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the motor, the flow meter and the river water level sensor respectively;

[0014] The monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0015] The control motor drives the sliding seat to move back and forth at a uniform speed along the screw rod, and each flow meter is used to obtain the average water flow rate Q1 in each flow monitoring hole during the time period when the sliding block slides back and forth;

[0016] The average water level H1 during the period of one back-and-forth sliding of the mobile monitoring block is obtained through the river water level sensor;

[0017] According to the known cross-sectional area S1 of a single flow monitoring hole, the average cross-sectional area S2 of the flow measurement hole through which the water flows during the period is calculated;

[0018] According to the known cross-sectional width D1 of the canal flow monitoring section, combined with the average water level H1, the average cross-sectional area S3 of the water flow in this period is calculated;

[0019] According to the formula The average water flow Q2 of the river channel during this period is calculated.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the X-direction length of the brushing mechanism is longer than the X-direction length of the mobile monitoring block.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the reduction box is a worm gear reduction box.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the guide rail body is a shaft rod symmetrically distributed on both sides of the screw rod body, and the sliding seat is provided with a sleeve that slides with the shaft rod.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the Y-direction width of the sliding seat is greater than the Y-direction width of the mobile monitoring block.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the upper end height of the flow monitoring hole located at the top is higher than the liquid level height of the river channel water flow.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the inner diameter of the flow monitoring hole is 10-15 cm.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the distance between two adjacent flow monitoring holes is 1-4 cm.

[0027] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned river channel water flow monitoring method, the flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by designing a mobile monitoring block that can move back and forth along a screw guide rail mechanism, a plurality of flow monitoring holes arranged longitudinally on the mobile monitoring block can monitor the water flow information at each position of the river channel cross section during the process of the mobile monitoring block moving back and forth at a uniform speed, and a more accurate flow monitoring value can be obtained by taking the average value. Since the river channel flow monitoring section is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the width is fixed and the turbulence of the original river can be alleviated, combined with water level detection, the average water level height during the process of the mobile monitoring block moving back and forth at a uniform speed can be obtained, thereby obtaining the average water flow area of ​​the monitored river channel cross section, and the average water flow of the river channel cross section can be calculated by the ratio of the area of ​​the flow monitoring hole through which the water flows. By arranging a brushing mechanism at the bottom of the mobile monitoring block, the bottom of the river channel flow monitoring section can be brushed with a brush during the process of the mobile monitoring block moving along the Y direction, so that the brushed silt is promptly washed away by the water flow, and the silt is prevented from being deposited in large quantities at the monitoring position of the river channel flow monitoring section. The above monitoring method can improve the accuracy of water flow monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A;

[0031] Figure 3 It is an X-direction view of the monitoring device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part B;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of calculating the area submerged by the liquid level of the flow monitoring hole located at the top in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of calculating the area submerged by the liquid level of the flow monitoring hole located at the top in the present invention;

[0035] Description of labels:

[0036] 1. River and canal flow monitoring section;

[0037] 2. Screw guide rail mechanism; 21. Connecting frame; 22. Screw body; 23. Guide rail body; 24. Motor; 25. Speed ​​reducer; 26. Sliding seat;

[0038] 3. Monitoring mechanism; 31. Mobile monitoring block; 32. Flow monitoring hole;

[0039] 4. Brushing mechanism; 41. Brush;

[0040] 5. River water level sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in combination with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The present invention relates to a method for monitoring water flow in a river channel, based on a monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device comprises:

[0043] A river channel flow monitoring section 1, wherein the river channel flow monitoring section 1 is a rectangular river channel section arranged in the middle of the river channel;

[0044] The screw guide rail mechanism 2 comprises a connecting frame 21, a screw body 22, a guide rail body 23, a motor 24, a reduction box 25 and a sliding seat 26; the two connecting frames 21 are respectively erected on both sides of the middle of the canal flow monitoring section 1; the two ends of the screw body 22 are rotatably connected to the connecting frame 21; the two ends of the guide rail body 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame 21; the motor 24 is transmission-connected to the screw body 22 through the reduction box 25; the sliding seat 26 is threadedly connected to the screw body 22, and the sliding seat 26 is slidably connected to the guide rail body 23;

[0045] The monitoring mechanism 3 includes a mobile monitoring block 31 connected to the lower part of the sliding seat 26, and the mobile monitoring block 31 is provided with a flow monitoring hole 32 with an axial direction in the X direction, and a plurality of the flow monitoring holes 32 are distributed in an array along the vertical direction;

[0046] A brushing mechanism 4, the brushing mechanism 4 is connected to the lower part of the monitoring mechanism 3, and the brushing mechanism 4 includes a brush 41 in contact with the bottom of the river flow monitoring section 1;

[0047] A flow meter, wherein each of the flow measurement holes is provided with a flow meter;

[0048] A river water level sensor 5, wherein the river water level sensor 5 is connected to the inner wall of the river flow monitoring section 1 or to the side wall of the monitoring block;

[0049] A controller, the controller is electrically connected to the motor 24, the flow meter and the river water level sensor 5 respectively;

[0050] The monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0051] The control motor 24 drives the sliding seat 26 to move back and forth at a uniform speed along the screw rod, and obtains the average water flow Q1 in each flow monitoring hole 32 during the time period when the sliding block slides back and forth one time through each flow meter;

[0052] The average water level H1 during the period of one round trip of the mobile monitoring block 31 is obtained by the river water level sensor 5;

[0053] According to the known cross-sectional area S1=πr2 of a single flow monitoring hole 32, the average cross-sectional area S2 of the flow measuring hole through which the water flows in the period is calculated;

[0054] According to the known cross-sectional width D1 of the canal flow monitoring section 1, combined with the average water level H1, the average cross-sectional area S3 of the water flow in this period is calculated;

[0055] According to the formula The average water flow Q2 of the river channel during this period is calculated.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, a pointed end can be set on the X-direction reverse side of the mobile monitoring block. When the water flow contacts the X-direction reverse side of the mobile monitoring block, the pointed end can reduce the resistance generated by the water flow, so that the water flow can be smoothly diverted at the flow monitoring hole and its two sides, thereby avoiding turbulence and eddy currents in the river channel and affecting the effect of flow monitoring.

[0057] It should be noted that the X-direction length of the canal flow monitoring section should be longer than the X-direction length of the mobile monitoring block, preferably more than 10 times. In this way, before the canal water flows into the flow monitoring hole, the rectangular canal flow monitoring section can act to make the water flow tend to be gentle and uniform, thereby reducing the turbulence generated by the canal before affecting the flow monitoring effect.

[0058] In the above implementations, the water level of the canal is not completely constant, but changes with time, such as the flood season, drought period and other seasonal factors. Therefore, the monitoring method of the present invention introduces the calculation of the canal water level.

[0059] Due to the difference in water flow velocity at different positions in the cross-section of the canal flow monitoring section, the water flow velocity in the middle of the canal is generally greater than the water flow velocity at the edge of the canal, and the change in water flow velocity is more complicated. This may be due to the frictional resistance generated by the water flow and the edge of the canal, which causes certain turbulence and eddies, resulting in a decrease in the water flow velocity at the edge. That is, the water flow measured in this position is lower than that in the middle of the canal. Therefore, the flow result obtained by monitoring the water flow at a fixed position in the canal alone is inaccurate.

[0060] The present invention designs a mobile monitoring block that can move back and forth along a screw guide mechanism, so that a plurality of flow monitoring holes longitudinally arranged on the mobile monitoring block can monitor the water flow information at various positions of the river channel cross section during the process of the mobile monitoring block moving back and forth at a uniform speed. A more accurate flow monitoring value Q1 can be obtained by taking the average value. Since the river channel flow monitoring section is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a fixed width and can alleviate the turbulence of the original river, combined with water level detection, the average water level height H1 during the process of the mobile monitoring block moving back and forth at a uniform speed can be obtained, thereby obtaining the average water flow area S3=D1×H1 of the monitored river channel cross section. The average water flow of the river channel cross section can be converted by the ratio of the area of ​​the water flow passing through the flow monitoring hole. Since the water flow is mixed with silt, over time, the silt in the water flow will settle at the bottom of the river flow monitoring section, which will cause certain turbulence or eddy currents in the water flow under the resistance of the silt, affecting the accuracy of flow monitoring. By arranging a brushing mechanism at the bottom of the mobile monitoring block, the bottom of the river flow monitoring section can be brushed with a brush during the movement of the mobile monitoring block along the Y direction, so that the brushed silt can be washed away by the water flow in time, avoiding the large amount of silt deposited at the monitoring position of the river flow monitoring section. In the monitoring method, if the monitoring mechanism has not been moved for a long time, the mobile monitoring block can be controlled to move back and forth at a faster speed for several times, and after the silt is fully brushed, the above monitoring method can be carried out after the water flow returns to normal. The above monitoring method can improve the accuracy of water flow monitoring.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the X-direction length of the brushing mechanism is longer than the X-direction length of the mobile monitoring block.

[0062] In the above implementation, since the sediment deposition in the canal flow monitoring section will affect the accuracy of water flow monitoring, by lengthening the X-direction length of the brushing mechanism, the front and back of the monitoring part can be fully brushed, further reducing the impact of riverbed sediment deposition on flow monitoring.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, the reduction box is a worm gear reduction box.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the guide rail body is a shaft rod symmetrically distributed on both sides of the screw rod body, and the sliding seat is provided with a sleeve that slides with the shaft rod.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the Y-axis width of the sliding seat is greater than the Y-axis width of the mobile monitoring block.

[0066] The above structure can improve the stability of the mobile monitoring block during movement.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the upper end height of the flow monitoring hole located at the top is higher than the liquid level of the river water flow.

[0068] In the above implementation, the height of the upper end of the flow monitoring hole located at the top is higher than the highest liquid level of the river channel water flow. The advantage of this setting is that a more accurate river channel flow can be obtained. Because if the height of the upper end of the flow monitoring hole located at the top is not high enough, and the river channel water flow is much higher than the uppermost flow monitoring hole during the flood season, the water flow velocity is generally the highest closer to the water surface, and the flow monitoring hole cannot obtain the water flow information close to the water surface, which will cause the measured water flow to be lower than the actual water flow, resulting in inaccurate monitoring values. If the height of the upper end of the flow monitoring hole located at the top is high enough, even during the flood season, the water level will not completely cover the flow monitoring hole located at the top, which can fully monitor the water flow information of the water surface, thereby improving the accuracy of flow monitoring.

[0069] It should be noted that the top flow monitoring hole generally does not completely cover the water flow. When calculating the average cross-sectional area S2 of the flow measurement hole through which the water flows, it is necessary to convert the water level value and the height of the top flow monitoring hole, that is, to calculate the percentage of the area of ​​the top flow monitoring hole covered by the water flow. For the specific calculation method, refer to Figure 5 Since the shaft height of the top flow monitoring hole (hereinafter referred to as the flow monitoring hole) is fixed, it can be calculated as H2. The height difference between the water level and the shaft height of the top flow monitoring hole is calculated as H3 = |H1-H2|. When H1 is greater than H2, the central angle of the intersection of H1 and the flow monitoring hole can also be calculated as α. Figure 5 ,because r is the radius of the flow monitoring hole, which can be used to calculate the angle β, and then calculate α = 360-2β; the sector area of ​​the angle α can be calculated Calculate the triangular area of ​​region A as S5 = H3 × sinβr; and the area of ​​the flow monitoring hole covered by the water level as S6 = S4 + S5.

[0070] If H1 is less than H2, refer to Figure 6 ; α=2β, S5=H3×sinβr, S6=S4-S5.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 , taking the number of flow monitoring holes as 3 as an example, S2=2S1+S6.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the flow monitoring hole is 10-15 cm.

[0073] As a preferred embodiment, the distance between two adjacent flow monitoring holes is 1-4 cm.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment, the flowmeter is an electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0075] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring water flow in a river channel, characterized in that: Based on a monitoring device, the monitoring device comprises: A river channel flow monitoring section, wherein the river channel flow monitoring section is a rectangular river channel section arranged in the middle of the river channel; A screw guide rail mechanism, the screw guide rail mechanism comprises a connecting frame, a screw body, a guide rail body, a motor, a reduction box and a sliding seat; the two connecting frames are respectively erected on both sides of the middle of the river flow monitoring section; the two ends of the screw body are respectively rotatably connected to the connecting frame; the two ends of the guide rail body are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame; the motor is transmission-connected to the screw body through the reduction box; the sliding seat is threadedly connected to the screw body, and the sliding seat is slidably matched with the guide rail body; A monitoring mechanism, the monitoring mechanism comprising a mobile monitoring block connected to the lower part of the sliding seat, the mobile monitoring block is provided with a flow monitoring hole axially in the X direction, and a plurality of the flow monitoring holes are distributed in an array along the vertical direction; A brushing mechanism, the brushing mechanism is connected to the lower part of the monitoring mechanism, and the brushing mechanism includes a brush that contacts the bottom of the river flow monitoring section; A flow meter, wherein each of the flow measurement holes is provided with a flow meter; A river water level sensor, which is connected to the inner wall of the river flow monitoring section or to the side wall of the monitoring block; A controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the motor, the flow meter and the river water level sensor respectively; The monitoring method comprises the following steps: The control motor drives the sliding seat to move back and forth at a uniform speed along the screw rod, and each flow meter is used to obtain the average water flow rate Q1 in each flow monitoring hole during the time period when the sliding block slides back and forth; The average water level H1 during the period of one back-and-forth sliding of the mobile monitoring block is obtained through the river water level sensor; According to the known cross-sectional area S1 of a single flow monitoring hole, the average cross-sectional area S2 of the flow measurement hole through which the water flows during the period is calculated; According to the known cross-sectional width D1 of the canal flow monitoring section, combined with the average water level H1, the average cross-sectional area S3 of the water flow in this period is calculated; According to the formula The average water flow Q2 of the river channel during this period is calculated.

2. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction length of the brushing mechanism is longer than the X-direction length of the mobile monitoring block.

3. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction box is a worm gear reduction box.

4. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail body is a shaft rod symmetrically distributed on both sides of the screw rod body, and the sliding seat is provided with a shaft sleeve that is slidably matched with the shaft rod.

5. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-direction width of the sliding seat is greater than the Y-direction width of the mobile monitoring block.

6. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end height of the flow monitoring hole located at the top is higher than the liquid level height of the river channel water flow.

7. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the flow monitoring hole is 10-15 cm.

8. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent flow monitoring holes is 1-4cm.

9. The method for monitoring river water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter.

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