Ecological management system for preventing water and soil loss and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water and soil treatment, and discloses an ecological treatment system and monitoring method for preventing water and soil loss, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a treatment region according to the ecological factors of the treatment region, and obtaining different ecological monitoring sub-regions; obtaining ecological management data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-regions in a cloud environment data server, and obtaining an ecological management data acquisition point distribution scheme of each ecological monitoring sub-region; and the ecological management data management module arranges ecological management data acquisition points in each ecological monitoring sub-region according to the ecological management data acquisition point distribution scheme to complete ecological management state monitoring for preventing water and soil loss. According to the invention, the method can achieve the scientific division of the treatment region through the comprehensive consideration of the slope, vegetation coverage, soil type, rainfall and other ecological factors, forms the ecological monitoring sub-regions with similar ecological characteristics, and improves the monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of soil and water management, and in particular to an ecological management system and a monitoring method for preventing soil and water loss. Background Art

[0002] As a global ecological and environmental problem, soil erosion not only seriously damages the natural ecological balance, but also has a huge impact on human production and life. Traditional soil erosion monitoring methods often rely on manual field surveys, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to achieve large-scale real-time monitoring. With the advancement of science and technology, modern information technologies such as remote sensing technology and geographic information systems (GIS) have gradually been applied to soil erosion monitoring, improving the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring. However, there are still some problems with existing monitoring methods, such as low data integration, insufficient monitoring accuracy, and imperfect abnormal detection and early warning mechanisms.

[0003] The existing technology has the following deficiencies in soil and water loss monitoring:

[0004] Low data integration: Since soil erosion involves multiple ecological factors, such as slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall, these data are often scattered among different institutions and systems, making it difficult to achieve effective integration and sharing, resulting in inefficient monitoring.

[0005] Insufficient monitoring accuracy: Existing monitoring methods often use a single remote sensing technology or GIS technology, which is difficult to fully and accurately reflect the actual situation of soil erosion. At the same time, due to the uneven distribution of data collection points, there are large errors in the monitoring results.

[0006] Imperfect abnormal detection and early warning mechanism: Existing monitoring methods often lack effective abnormal detection and early warning mechanism, and are unable to detect abnormal soil and water loss status in a timely manner, resulting in delayed control measures and exacerbating the severity of soil and water loss.

[0007] Insufficient visualization and decision support: Although existing monitoring methods can provide certain data analysis and display functions, they often lack intuitive visualization and decision support, making it difficult for relevant personnel to quickly and accurately understand the monitoring results and make decisions. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: divide the governance area according to the ecological factors of the governance area to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas;

[0010] Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environmental data server, and obtain the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan for each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-area;

[0011] Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data in each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, generates the ecological governance data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, and collects the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors;

[0012] Step 4: The state monitoring module obtains the monitoring plan, generates an ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type according to the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains a monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type, and simultaneously obtains an initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region;

[0013] Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one, and obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region respectively. If there is soil and water loss status data that exceeds the normal area range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and the process goes to step 6; otherwise, the state of the ecological monitoring sub-region is normal, and the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region is recorded, and the process goes to step 7;

[0014] Step 6: According to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-area, locate the abnormal area in the ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection points, send the abnormal area information and warning information to the warning module and the display module, and enter step 7;

[0015] Step seven: Complete the monitoring of ecological management status to prevent soil erosion.

[0016] Furthermore, the management area is divided according to the ecological factors of the management area to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas, including:

[0017] The ecological factors mentioned are preset ecological factors of different types, including slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. According to the regional scope of each ecological factor, the management area is divided to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas.

[0018] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the ecological management data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environment data server includes:

[0019] The ecological governance data collection density of ecological factors corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained in the cloud-based environmental data server.

[0020] Furthermore, the distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points of each ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained according to the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-region, including:

[0021] According to the ecological governance data collection density and the regional scope of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, the number of ecological governance data collection points for ecological governance in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained; the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area constitutes the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan.

[0022] Furthermore, the ecological governance data collection points are arranged in each ecological monitoring sub-area, and the ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is generated. According to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area is collected, including:

[0023] According to the number of ecological governance data collection points for ecological governance in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained; according to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area and the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, the initial monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained.

[0024] Furthermore, the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is generated according to the ecological factors in the monitoring scheme, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is obtained, and the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained at the same time, including:

[0025] According to the ecological factors corresponding to the influencing factor type, the ecological monitoring sub-area of ​​the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained, and the ecological monitoring sub-area of ​​the corresponding influencing factor type is ranked first. According to the set order, the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained; according to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained; according to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained.

[0026] Furthermore, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is compared with the corresponding initial monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region, including:

[0027] The state data are: the data difference between each detection data in the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type and the data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region initial monitoring data.

[0028] An ecological governance system for preventing soil and water loss, applying the ecological governance monitoring method for preventing soil and water loss, comprising a cloud data server, a data processing module, an ecological governance data management module, an ecological governance data collection module, a display module, an early warning module and a communication module;

[0029] The ecological governance data management module, ecological governance data collection module, display module, early warning module and communication module are respectively connected to the data processing module; the cloud data server is communicatively connected to the communication module.

[0030] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by comprehensively considering ecological factors such as slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall, the governance area is scientifically divided to form ecological monitoring sub-areas with similar ecological characteristics. This helps to achieve precise monitoring and improve monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

[0031] The status monitoring module continuously monitors the ecological monitoring sub-area, detects abnormal soil and water loss status in time, and issues early warning signals. This helps relevant personnel take timely measures to prevent further development of soil and water loss and protect the ecological environment.

[0032] The display module visualizes the monitoring results and early warning information on the map, allowing users to intuitively understand the soil erosion situation and abnormal areas. At the same time, it provides data visualization functions to display complex data in the form of charts, images, etc., which helps users better understand and analyze data and provide a scientific basis for ecological governance decisions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an ecological management monitoring method for preventing soil and water loss;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of an ecological management system for preventing soil and water loss;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the ecological governance data collection module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection area scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0037] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, an ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: divide the governance area according to the ecological factors of the governance area to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas;

[0040] Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environmental data server, and obtain the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan for each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-area;

[0041] Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data in each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, generates the ecological governance data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, and collects the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors;

[0042] Step 4: The state monitoring module obtains the monitoring plan, generates an ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type according to the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains a monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type, and simultaneously obtains an initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region;

[0043] Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one, and obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region respectively. If there is soil and water loss status data that exceeds the normal area range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and the process goes to step 6; otherwise, the state of the ecological monitoring sub-region is normal, and the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region is recorded, and the process goes to step 7;

[0044] Step 6: According to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-area, locate the abnormal area in the ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection points, send the abnormal area information and warning information to the warning module and the display module, and enter step 7;

[0045] Step seven: Complete the monitoring of ecological management status to prevent soil erosion.

[0046] According to the ecological factors of the governance area, the governance area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-areas, including:

[0047] The ecological factors mentioned are preset ecological factors of different types, including slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. According to the regional scope of each ecological factor, the management area is divided to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas.

[0048] The step of obtaining the ecological management data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environment data server includes:

[0049] The ecological governance data collection density of ecological factors corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained in the cloud-based environmental data server.

[0050] The distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points of each ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained according to the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-region, including:

[0051] According to the ecological governance data collection density and the regional scope of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, the number of ecological governance data collection points for ecological governance in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained; the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area constitutes the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan.

[0052] The method of arranging ecological governance data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-area, generating a distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area, and collecting initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, includes:

[0053] According to the number of ecological governance data collection points for ecological governance in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained; according to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area and the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, the initial monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained.

[0054] The method of generating an ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type according to the ecological factors in the monitoring scheme, obtaining a monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type, and obtaining a corresponding initial monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region includes:

[0055] According to the ecological factors corresponding to the influencing factor type, the ecological monitoring sub-area of ​​the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained, and the ecological monitoring sub-area of ​​the corresponding influencing factor type is ranked first. According to the set order, the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained; according to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained; according to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained.

[0056] The monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is compared with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region, including:

[0057] The state data are: the data difference between each detection data in the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type and the data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region initial monitoring data.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, an ecological governance system for preventing soil and water loss, applying the ecological governance monitoring method for preventing soil and water loss, includes a cloud data server, a data processing module, an ecological governance data management module, an ecological governance data collection module, a display module, an early warning module and a communication module;

[0059] The ecological governance data management module, ecological governance data collection module, display module, early warning module and communication module are respectively connected to the data processing module; the cloud data server is communicatively connected to the communication module.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the ecological governance data collection module includes multiple ecological governance data collection points and a collection point management module; the multiple ecological governance data collection points are respectively connected to the collection point management module, and the collection point management module is connected to the data processing module. The ecological governance data collection point includes one or more of an unmanned aerial vehicle data collection device, a ground data collection device, and a mobile data collection device.

[0061] Specific ecological management and monitoring methods to prevent soil erosion include:

[0062] Step 1: Divide the governance area according to the ecological factors of the governance area to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas

[0063] 1.1 Selection of ecological factors

[0064] Ecological factors are important factors affecting soil erosion, including slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. These factors have different distribution characteristics in different regions and have different impacts on soil erosion. Therefore, it is necessary to divide the governance area according to these factors.

[0065] 1.2 Division of governance areas

[0066] Through the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the governance area is divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-areas. Specific methods include: Slope: The slope is calculated using elevation data, and the area is divided into different sub-areas according to the slope size.

[0067] Vegetation coverage rate: Use remote sensing technology to obtain vegetation coverage data, and divide regions according to the level of vegetation coverage. Soil type: Use soil survey data to divide the management area into different types of soil sub-areas.

[0068] Precipitation: Using meteorological data, the governance area is divided according to the amount of rainfall.

[0069] Taking the above four factors into consideration, the governance area is divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-areas through the spatial analysis function of GIS, and each sub-area has similar ecological characteristics.

[0070] Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environmental data server

[0071] 2.1 Cloud environment data server

[0072] The cloud-based environmental data server stores a large amount of ecological management data, including historical monitoring data, remote sensing data, meteorological data, etc. These data are the basis for ecological management and monitoring.

[0073] 2.2 Obtaining ecological governance data density

[0074] According to the division of ecological monitoring sub-areas, the ecological governance data density corresponding to each sub-area is obtained from the cloud environmental data server. Data density refers to the number of data collection points per unit area, which determines the accuracy and efficiency of data collection.

[0075] Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data in each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, generates the ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, and collects the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors.

[0076] 3.1 Ecological governance data management module

[0077] The data management module is responsible for managing and processing ecological governance data, including functions such as data collection, storage, analysis and transmission.

[0078] 3.2 Arrangement of ecological governance data collection points

[0079] According to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, data collection points are arranged in each ecological monitoring sub-area. The arrangement of collection points should take into account factors such as terrain, vegetation, soil and meteorology to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data collection.

[0080] 3.3 Generate data collection point distribution sequence

[0081] According to the arrangement of the collection points, a distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area is generated. The sequence contains the location, number and corresponding monitoring parameters of each collection point.

[0082] 3.4 Collecting initial monitoring data

[0083] Using the ecological governance data collection module, the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area is collected according to the collection point distribution sequence and monitoring parameters. The data includes soil moisture, vegetation index, rainfall, etc., which are the basis for subsequent monitoring and analysis.

[0084] Step 4: The status monitoring module obtains the monitoring plan, generates the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type according to the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, and obtains the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area initial monitoring data sequence at the same time

[0085] 4.1 Condition Monitoring Module

[0086] The status monitoring module is responsible for monitoring and analyzing the status of soil erosion in the ecological monitoring sub-area, and timely discovering and warning of abnormal situations.

[0087] 4.2 Obtaining a monitoring plan

[0088] According to the specific conditions and monitoring needs of the governance area, a monitoring plan is formulated, which includes monitoring objectives, monitoring frequency, monitoring parameters, etc.

[0089] 4.3 Generate ecological monitoring sub-area sequence

[0090] According to the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, a sequence of ecological monitoring sub-areas corresponding to the influencing factor type is generated. For example, different sub-area sequences are obtained by sorting by slope size, vegetation coverage rate, etc.

[0091] 4.4 Obtaining monitoring data sequence and initial monitoring data sequence

[0092] According to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence, the monitoring data sequence and initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type are obtained. These data are the basis for subsequent status analysis and early warning.

[0093] Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area one by one, and obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-area. If there is soil and water loss status data that exceeds the normal area range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and proceed to step 6; otherwise, the ecological monitoring sub-area status is normal, record the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-area, and proceed to step 7

[0094] 5.1 Comparison of monitoring data series

[0095] The monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is compared with the initial monitoring data sequence one by one. The comparison methods include data difference calculation, trend analysis, etc.

[0096] 5.2 Analysis of soil and water loss status

[0097] According to the comparison results, the soil and water loss status of each ecological monitoring sub-area is analyzed. The status data includes soil erosion amount, vegetation degradation degree, etc. If the status data exceeds the normal area range, it is determined that the soil and water loss status is abnormal.

[0098] 5.3 Determine whether the status is normal

[0099] According to the analysis results of soil and water loss status, determine whether the status of the ecological monitoring sub-area is normal. If the status is abnormal, proceed to step 6; if the status is normal, record the monitoring data and proceed to step 7.

[0100] Step 6: According to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-area, locate the abnormal area in the ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection points, send the abnormal area information and warning information to the warning module and display module, and enter step 7

[0101] 6.1 Locating abnormal areas

[0102] According to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-areas, the abnormal areas are located. Through GIS technology, the abnormal areas are marked on the map.

[0103] 6.2 Sending warning information

[0104] The abnormal area information and warning information are sent to the warning module and the display module. The warning module is responsible for issuing warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures; the display module is responsible for displaying the abnormal area and warning information on the map, so as to facilitate intuitive understanding of the soil and water loss situation.

[0105] Step 7: Complete the monitoring of ecological governance status to prevent soil erosion

[0106] After the above steps, the monitoring and analysis of the soil erosion status in the governance area have been completed. According to the monitoring results, corresponding ecological governance measures can be taken, such as afforestation and soil improvement, to prevent further development of soil erosion.

[0107] System composition and functions

[0108] The cloud data server is the data storage and processing center of the system, responsible for storing and managing ecological governance data. The server uses high-performance hardware equipment to ensure the security and reliability of data. At the same time, the server also provides a data access interface to facilitate other modules to obtain and process data.

[0109] The data processing module is responsible for data analysis and processing, including data cleaning, data conversion, data mining, etc. The module uses advanced algorithms and models to conduct in-depth analysis of data, extract useful information, and provide a scientific basis for ecological governance.

[0110] The data management module is responsible for managing and maintaining ecological governance data, including data collection, storage, and update. The module uses a database management system to ensure the integrity and consistency of the data. At the same time, the module also provides data query and statistical functions to facilitate users to obtain the required data.

[0111] The ecological governance data collection module is responsible for collecting ecological governance data, including soil moisture, vegetation index, rainfall, etc. The module uses a variety of collection methods, such as drone collection, ground collection, mobile collection, etc., to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. At the same time, the module also has a data preprocessing function to clean and convert the collected data for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0112] The ecological governance data collection module includes multiple ecological governance data collection points and a collection point management module. The collection points are responsible for specific data collection work, and the collection point management module is responsible for managing and coordinating the work of each collection point. The collection points include one or more of drone data collection devices, ground data collection devices, and mobile data collection devices to meet the data collection needs under different terrain and meteorological conditions.

[0113] The display module is responsible for displaying the monitoring results and early warning information on the map, so that users can intuitively understand the soil erosion situation and abnormal areas. The module uses GIS technology to realize map zooming, panning, and annotation functions. At the same time, the module also provides data visualization functions, displaying complex data in the form of charts, images, etc., which is convenient for users to understand and analyze.

[0114] The early warning module is responsible for issuing early warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures to prevent soil erosion. The module determines whether it is necessary to issue an early warning signal based on the monitoring results and early warning rules. If an early warning signal is required, the module will notify relevant personnel through SMS, email, etc., and display the early warning information.

[0115] The communication module is responsible for the communication and data transmission between the modules of the system. The module adopts reliable communication protocols and encryption technology to ensure data security and transmission efficiency. At the same time, the module also provides a data interface to facilitate data exchange and sharing with other systems.

[0116] Specific implementation example: The Loess Plateau is one of the areas with the most serious soil erosion in China. Its special geographical environment and climatic conditions have led to serious soil erosion problems. In order to effectively monitor and control this problem, this paper proposes an ecological control monitoring method based on ecological factors and implements it in the Loess Plateau.

[0117] 1. Division of governance areas

[0118] Selection of ecological factors

[0119] In the Loess Plateau, the main ecological factors affecting soil erosion include slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. These factors have significant distribution characteristics in the Loess Plateau and have different degrees of influence on soil erosion.

[0120] Slope: The terrain of the Loess Plateau is complex and the slope varies greatly, which is an important factor in soil erosion.

[0121] Vegetation coverage rate: Vegetation is the key to maintaining water and soil. The level of vegetation coverage rate directly affects the severity of soil erosion.

[0122] Soil type: The main soil type in the Loess Plateau is loess, but the soil texture and thickness vary in different regions, and the impact on soil erosion is also different.

[0123] Precipitation: Although the rainfall in the Loess Plateau is not much, it is concentrated and intense, which easily causes soil erosion.

[0124] Division of governance areas

[0125] Using GIS technology, the Loess Plateau is divided into multiple ecological monitoring sub-areas. The specific methods are as follows:

[0126] Slope: The slope is calculated using elevation data and the area is divided into three sub-areas with slopes greater than 25°, 15°-25°, and less than 15°.

[0127] Vegetation coverage rate: Vegetation coverage data were obtained using remote sensing technology, and the area was divided into three sub-areas with vegetation coverage rates greater than 60%, 30%-60%, and less than 30%.

[0128] Soil type: Based on soil survey data, the region is divided into different types of soil sub-regions such as loess, sand, clay, etc.

[0129] Precipitation: Using meteorological data, the regions are divided into areas with annual rainfall greater than 500 mm, 300-500 mm, and less than 300 mm.

[0130] Taking the above four factors into consideration, the Loess Plateau region was divided into several ecological monitoring sub-regions through the spatial analysis function of GIS, and each sub-region has similar ecological characteristics.

[0131] Acquisition and management of ecological governance data

[0132] Cloud environment data server

[0133] Establish a cloud-based environmental data server to store ecological management data in the Loess Plateau, including historical monitoring data, remote sensing data, meteorological data, etc. These data are the basis for ecological management and monitoring.

[0134] Obtaining ecological governance data density

[0135] According to the division of ecological monitoring sub-areas, the ecological governance data density corresponding to each sub-area is obtained from the cloud environmental data server. Data density determines the accuracy and efficiency of data collection, ensuring that each sub-area has enough data points for monitoring.

[0136] Ecological governance data management module

[0137] Establish an ecological governance data management module to manage and process ecological governance data. This module includes functions such as data collection, storage, analysis and transmission to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0138] Arrange ecological governance data collection points: Arrange data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-area. The layout of the collection points takes into account factors such as terrain, vegetation, soil and meteorology to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data collection.

[0139] Generate data collection point distribution sequence: According to the layout of the collection points, generate the ecological governance data collection point distribution sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area to facilitate subsequent data collection and management.

[0140] Collect initial monitoring data: Use the ecological governance data collection module to collect initial monitoring data for each ecological monitoring sub-area based on the collection point distribution sequence and monitoring parameters, including soil moisture, vegetation index, rainfall, etc.

[0141] Condition Monitoring Module

[0142] Establish a status monitoring module to monitor and analyze the status of soil erosion in the ecological monitoring sub-area. This module can detect and warn abnormal situations in a timely manner, providing a scientific basis for ecological governance.

[0143] Get monitoring plan

[0144] A monitoring plan is formulated based on the specific conditions and monitoring needs of the Loess Plateau, including monitoring objectives, monitoring frequency, monitoring parameters, etc., to ensure the orderly conduct of monitoring work.

[0145] Generate ecological monitoring sub-area sequence

[0146] According to the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, a sequence of ecological monitoring sub-areas corresponding to the influencing factor type is generated. For example, different sub-area sequences can be obtained by sorting by slope size, vegetation coverage rate, etc., which is convenient for subsequent status analysis and early warning.

[0147] Get monitoring data sequence and initial monitoring data sequence

[0148] According to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence, the monitoring data sequence and initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type are obtained. These data are the basis for subsequent status analysis and early warning.

[0149] Comparison of monitoring data series and analysis of soil erosion status

[0150] The monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is compared with the initial monitoring data sequence one by one to analyze the soil and water loss status of each ecological monitoring sub-region. If the status data exceeds the normal area range, it is determined that the soil and water loss status is abnormal.

[0151] Locate abnormal areas and send warning information

[0152] According to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-areas, the abnormal areas are located, and the abnormal area information and warning information are sent to the warning module and display module. The warning module sends out warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures; the display module displays the abnormal areas and warning information on the map, which is convenient for intuitive understanding of soil erosion.

[0153] System composition and function realization

[0154] The cloud data server is the data storage and processing center of the system, responsible for storing and managing ecological governance data in the Loess Plateau. The server uses high-performance hardware to ensure data security and reliability. At the same time, the server also provides a data access interface to facilitate other modules to obtain and process data.

[0155] The data processing module is responsible for data analysis and processing, including data cleaning, data conversion, data mining, etc. The module uses advanced algorithms and models to conduct in-depth analysis of data, extract useful information, and provide a scientific basis for ecological governance.

[0156] The data management module is responsible for managing and maintaining ecological governance data, including data collection, storage, and update. The module uses a database management system to ensure the integrity and consistency of the data. At the same time, the module also provides data query and statistical functions to facilitate users to obtain the required data.

[0157] The ecological governance data collection module is responsible for collecting ecological governance data, including soil moisture, vegetation index, rainfall, etc. The module uses a variety of methods such as drone collection, ground collection, and mobile collection to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. At the same time, the module also has a data preprocessing function to clean and convert the collected data for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0158] The display module is responsible for displaying the monitoring results and early warning information on the map, so that users can intuitively understand the soil erosion situation and abnormal areas. The module uses GIS technology to realize map zooming, panning, and annotation functions. At the same time, the module also provides data visualization functions, displaying complex data in the form of charts, images, etc., which is convenient for users to understand and analyze.

[0159] The early warning module is responsible for issuing early warning signals to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures to prevent soil erosion. The module determines whether it is necessary to issue an early warning signal based on the monitoring results and early warning rules. If an early warning signal is required, the module will notify relevant personnel through SMS, email, etc., and display the early warning information.

[0160] The communication module is responsible for the communication and data transmission between the modules of the system. The module adopts reliable communication protocols and encryption technology to ensure data security and transmission efficiency. At the same time, the module also provides a data interface to facilitate data exchange and sharing with other systems.

[0161] By implementing this method, the soil and water loss problem in the Loess Plateau has been effectively monitored and controlled. The system can timely detect and warn abnormal soil and water loss, providing a scientific basis for ecological governance. At the same time, the composition and functional design of the system also ensure the integrity, accuracy and security of the data, providing strong support for ecological governance in the Loess Plateau.

Claims

1. An ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: divide the governance area according to the ecological factors of the governance area to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas; Step 2: Obtain the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environmental data server, and obtain the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan for each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-area; Step 3: The ecological governance data management module arranges ecological governance data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan, generates the ecological governance data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, and collects the initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors; Step 4: The state monitoring module obtains the monitoring plan, generates an ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type according to the ecological factors in the monitoring plan, obtains a monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type, and simultaneously obtains an initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region; Step 5: Compare the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type with the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region one by one, and obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region respectively. If there is soil and water loss status data that exceeds the normal area range corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region, the soil and water loss status is abnormal, and the process goes to step 6; otherwise, the state of the ecological monitoring sub-region is normal, and the monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-region is recorded, and the process goes to step 7; Step 6: According to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the abnormal ecological monitoring sub-area, locate the abnormal area in the ecological monitoring sub-area according to the ecological governance data collection points, send the abnormal area information and warning information to the warning module and the display module, and enter step 7; Step seven: Complete the monitoring of ecological management status to prevent soil erosion.

2. The ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the ecological factors of the governance area, the governance area is divided into different ecological monitoring sub-areas, including: The ecological factors mentioned are preset ecological factors of different types, including slope, vegetation coverage, soil type and rainfall. According to the regional scope of each ecological factor, the management area is divided to obtain different ecological monitoring sub-areas.

3. The ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the ecological management data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area in the cloud environment data server includes: The ecological governance data collection density of ecological factors corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained in the cloud-based environmental data server.

4. The ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The distribution scheme of ecological governance data collection points of each ecological monitoring sub-region is obtained according to the ecological governance data density corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-region and the regional scope of each ecological monitoring sub-region, including: According to the ecological governance data collection density and the regional scope of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, the number of ecological governance data collection points for ecological governance in the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained; the number of ecological governance data collection points in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area constitutes the ecological governance data collection point distribution plan.

5. The ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of arranging ecological governance data collection points in each ecological monitoring sub-area, generating a distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points corresponding to the ecological monitoring sub-area, and collecting initial monitoring data of each ecological monitoring sub-area according to the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, includes: According to the number of ecological governance data collection points for ecological governance in each corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area, the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained; according to the distribution sequence of ecological governance data collection points for the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area and the monitoring parameters corresponding to the ecological factors, the initial monitoring data of the ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained.

6. The ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of generating an ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type according to the ecological factors in the monitoring scheme, obtaining a monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type, and obtaining a corresponding initial monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region includes: According to the ecological factors corresponding to the influencing factor type, the ecological monitoring sub-area of ​​the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained, and the ecological monitoring sub-area of ​​the corresponding influencing factor type is ranked first. According to the set order, the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained; according to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type is obtained; according to the ecological monitoring sub-area sequence of the corresponding influencing factor type, the initial monitoring data sequence of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-area is obtained.

7. The ecological management system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type is compared with the corresponding initial monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region one by one to obtain the soil and water loss status data corresponding to each ecological monitoring sub-region, including: The state data are: the data difference between each detection data in the monitoring data sequence of the ecological monitoring sub-region sequence corresponding to the influencing factor type and the data of the corresponding ecological monitoring sub-region initial monitoring data.

8. An ecological management system for preventing soil erosion, characterized in that: An ecological governance system and monitoring method for preventing soil erosion according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is applied, comprising a cloud data server, a data processing module, an ecological governance data management module, an ecological governance data acquisition module, a display module, an early warning module and a communication module; The ecological governance data management module, ecological governance data collection module, display module, early warning module and communication module are respectively connected to the data processing module; the cloud data server is communicatively connected to the communication module.

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