Early warning method for gap breakdown of power transmission line under forest fire condition

Abstract

The invention provides a power transmission line gap breakdown early warning method under a forest fire condition, and relates to the technical field of power transmission line corridor forest fire early warning. The early warning method comprises the following steps: detecting a power transmission line corridor image based on a target detection model, obtaining the height and angular point coordinates of a target detection frame, and obtaining the lower end point coordinates of the power transmission line corridor image at the same time; performing early warning area division on the power transmission line corridor image based on the angular point coordinates of the detection frames and the lower end point coordinates of the power transmission line corridor image, and screening out an image to be subjected to height measurement based on the height of the detection frames where flames and smoke are located; and acquiring the heights of flame and smoke in the image to be subjected to height measurement based on the height of the detection frame and the angular point coordinates, calculating breakdown voltage based on the heights of the flame and the smoke, and providing early warning information. By implementing the technical scheme provided by the invention, the early warning judgment made when the forest fire occurs near the power transmission line corridor is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wildfire early warning in power transmission line corridors, and in particular to a method for early warning of gap breakdown of power transmission lines under wildfire conditions. Background Art

[0002] Fires near transmission line corridors in the wild are often difficult to be discovered and warned in time because they are far away from urban areas. When wildfires develop under the transmission line conductors, the flames and smoke will affect the insulation performance of the air gap between the conductors and the ground, which may cause accidents such as conductor discharge to the ground and line tripping. Therefore, when staff find wildfires near transmission line corridors, they often directly take power outage measures, but power outages will have a great impact on residents' lives and corporate production. When the scale of the flame is small and the impact of the flame and smoke on the breakdown voltage of the air gap between the conductor and the ground is far from enough to cause breakdown discharge of the conductor, measures such as voltage reduction or no treatment can be taken.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective method to detect wildfires near transmission line corridors, measure the height of flames and smoke, and assess the risk of wildfires, providing a basis for staff to take a variety of disposal measures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for warning of transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions, which improves the shortcomings of existing warning methods such as hysteresis and insufficient warning information resulting in lack of differentiation in processing methods.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The transmission line corridor image is detected based on the target detection model to obtain the height and corner point coordinates of the three target detection frames of the transmission line tower, flame and smoke, and the coordinates of the lower endpoint of the transmission line corridor image;

[0007] Divide the transmission line corridor image into early warning areas based on the corner point coordinates of the detection frame and the lower end point coordinates of the transmission line corridor image, and select the high image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located;

[0008] The height of the flame and smoke in the image to be tested is obtained based on the height of the detection frame and the coordinates of the corner points, and the breakdown voltage is calculated based on the height of the flame and smoke to provide warning information.

[0009] Optionally, the early warning method includes: collecting a data set of wildfire images in a transmission line corridor and setting pre-training weights, initializing training for a YOLOv8 target detection model, adjusting parameters of the YOLOv8 target detection model based on a cosine annealing algorithm, and repeating the training until the loss value converges to obtain the optimal weights.

[0010] Optionally, the process of detecting the transmission line corridor image based on the target detection model includes: obtaining an image of the forest fire in the transmission line corridor based on a camera for online monitoring of the transmission line corridor, establishing a coordinate system based on the center of the image as the origin and one pixel as a length unit; and obtaining the heights and corner point coordinates of the three target detection frames of the transmission line tower, flame, and smoke based on the target detection model and the coordinate system.

[0011] Optionally, the process of dividing the transmission line corridor image into early warning areas based on the corner point coordinates of the detection frame and the lower endpoint coordinates of the transmission line corridor image includes:

[0012] Determine two left dividing lines based on the connection line between the two left corner point coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame and the lower left end point of the transmission line corridor image, and determine two right dividing lines based on the connection line between the two right corner point coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame and the lower right end point of the transmission line corridor image;

[0013] The two left dividing lines and the left frame line of the tower detection frame form a first area, the two right dividing lines and the right frame line of the tower detection frame form a second area, the quadrilateral formed by the lower frame line of the transmission line tower detection frame and the line connecting the lower end points of the transmission line corridor image is the third area, and the other areas of the transmission line corridor image are the fourth area;

[0014] The first area and the second area are general warning areas, the third area is an emergency warning area, and the fourth area is a non-warning area.

[0015] Optionally, the process of screening out the high image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located includes: calculating the area intersection of the flame detection frame with the emergency warning area and the general warning area respectively; if the intersection of the two areas is empty, the flame is considered to be in the non-warning area; otherwise, the flame is considered to be in the warning area, and the area of ​​the intersection of the flame detection frame with the emergency warning area and the general warning area is calculated respectively; according to the area of ​​the intersection, it is determined that the area where the flame is located is the emergency warning area or the general warning area, and at the same time, the transmission line corridor image is identified as the high image to be tested; the detection frame is replaced, and the above steps are repeated until all flame and smoke detection frames are retrieved.

[0016] Optionally, the height of the flame and smoke in the image to be measured is obtained based on the height and corner point coordinates of the detection frame, including: drawing four straight lines from the four corner points of the transmission line tower detection frame to the four corner points corresponding to the flame detection frame, extending the four straight lines to obtain four intersection points, and obtaining the flame scaling factor based on the angular coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame, the angular coordinates of the flame detection frame and the four intersection points; the smoke scaling factor can be obtained similarly; and substituting the scaling factor into the fuzzy height measurement formula to obtain the flame height and the smoke height.

[0017] Optionally, substituting the scaling factor into a fuzzy height measurement formula to obtain a final flame height includes:

[0018] The formula for measuring the fuzzy height of flame and smoke is:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, H ftrue is the flame measurement height, H strue is the smoke measurement height, Z1 is the flame scaling factor, Z2 is the smoke scaling factor, h true is the actual height of the transmission line tower, H f is the height of the flame detection frame, H s is the height of the smoke detection frame, and h is the height of the transmission line tower detection frame.

[0021] Optionally, the breakdown voltage is calculated based on the height of the flame and smoke and early warning information is provided, including:

[0022] Substituting the height of the flame and smoke into the breakdown voltage formula of the wildfire in the transmission line corridor to calculate the initial breakdown voltage, correcting the initial breakdown voltage based on the voltage compensation coefficient and the shape index to obtain the final breakdown voltage, and comparing the final breakdown voltage with the rated voltage of the transmission line to determine whether the wildfire has a breakdown risk, and determining whether an alarm is needed based on the result;

[0023] The formula for the final breakdown voltage is:

[0024] U=δU o -u0;

[0025] Where U is the final breakdown voltage, δ is the morphology index, and U o is the initial breakdown voltage, and u0 is the voltage compensation coefficient.

[0026] Optionally, the height of the flame and smoke is substituted into the breakdown voltage formula of the transmission line corridor wildfire to calculate the initial breakdown voltage. The calculation formula used is as follows:

[0027] U0=9.2+70H ftrue +186.4H strue;

[0028] Among them, U0 is the initial breakdown voltage, H ftrue is the height of the flame, H strue is the height of the smoke.

[0029] Optionally, the morphology index is calculated as follows: when the flame detection frame or the smoke detection frame is partially in the general warning area or the emergency warning area, the morphology index is the ratio of the first length to the second length; the first length is the length of the area occupied by the flame or smoke in the general warning area or the emergency warning area on the Y-axis of the image, and the second length is the length of the flame or smoke detection frame on the Y-axis of the image; when the flame or smoke detection frame is completely in the general warning area or the emergency warning area, the morphology index is 1.

[0030] The invention proposes a method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention determines the warning area based on the segmentation line, and screens out images that may need to be warned based on the warning area, thereby reducing the computational complexity of the algorithm.

[0032] 2. The present invention proposes a method for fuzzy height measurement combined with a scaling factor, which solves the problem that the height of flames and smoke cannot be obtained in power transmission line monitoring.

[0033] 3. The present invention introduces a morphology index and a voltage compensation coefficient to correct the breakdown voltage, and can more accurately calculate the target breakdown voltage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood by people with general skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. "Including" and similar words used in this article mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions, see Figure 1 ,include:

[0037] S1. Detect the transmission line corridor image based on the target detection model, obtain the height and corner point coordinates of the three target detection frames of the transmission line tower, flame and smoke, and obtain the lower endpoint coordinates of the transmission line corridor image;

[0038] S2, dividing the transmission line corridor image into early warning areas based on the corner point coordinates of the detection frame and the lower end point coordinates of the transmission line corridor image, and screening out the high image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located;

[0039] S3. Acquire the height of the flame and smoke in the image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame and the coordinates of the corner points, calculate the breakdown voltage based on the height of the flame and smoke, and provide warning information.

[0040] In some embodiments, the process of executing step S1 includes:

[0041] S1.1, initialize the training target detection model;

[0042] S1.2. Detect the transmission line corridor image based on the target detection model.

[0043] Specifically, in the process of executing step S1.1, initializing the training target detection model, the following steps are included:

[0044] A dataset of wildfire images in the transmission line corridor was collected and pre-trained weights were set. The YOLOv8 target detection model was initialized and trained. The parameters of the YOLOv8 target detection model were adjusted based on the cosine annealing algorithm. The training was repeated until the loss value converged to obtain the optimal weights.

[0045] Specifically, in the process of executing step S1.2, detecting the transmission line corridor image based on the target detection model includes:

[0046] A camera based on online monitoring of the transmission line corridor obtains an image of a wildfire in the transmission line corridor, and a coordinate system is established based on the center of the image as the origin and one pixel as one length unit;

[0047] Furthermore, the heights and corner point coordinates of the three target detection frames of the transmission line tower, flame and smoke are obtained based on the target detection model and coordinate system.

[0048] In fact, with the center point of the image as the origin, the horizontal axis of the image as the X-axis, the vertical axis as the Y-axis, and one pixel as the unit length, a coordinate system is established. Based on the target detection model, the height h of the transmission line tower detection frame and the height H of the flame detection frame can be obtained. f , Smoke detection frame height H s and the transmission line tower detection frame corner coordinates Ti (x Ti ,y Ti ), the corner coordinates of the flame detection frame F i (x Fi ,y Fi ), the corner coordinates S of the smoke detection frame i (x Si ,y Si ), where i = 1, 2, 3, 4 represent the four corner point numbers of the detection frame in counterclockwise order, and similarly, the coordinates of the lower endpoint of the image P are obtained. j (x Pj ,y Pj ), where j=1 and 2 represent the left endpoint and the right endpoint respectively.

[0049] In some embodiments, the process of executing step S2 includes:

[0050] S2.1. Dividing the transmission line corridor image into early warning areas based on the corner point coordinates of the detection frame and the lower end point coordinates of the transmission line corridor image;

[0051] S2.2. Filter out the high image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located.

[0052] Specifically, when executing step S2.1, it includes:

[0053] S2.1.1, determine the segmentation line based on the corner point coordinates;

[0054] S2.1.2. Divide the warning area based on the dividing line.

[0055] Specifically, in the process of executing step S2.2.1, determining the segmentation line based on the corner point coordinates, the following steps are included:

[0056] Two left dividing lines are determined based on the line connecting the two left corner point coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame and the lower left endpoint of the transmission line corridor image, and two right dividing lines are determined based on the line connecting the two right corner point coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame and the lower right endpoint of the transmission line corridor image.

[0057] In fact, based on the two-point formula of the plane line, we can get the function expressions of the four dividing lines:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, (x Ti ,y Ti ) is the corner coordinate of the transmission line tower detection frame, (x Pj ,y Pj) is the coordinate of the endpoint below the image; when j=1 and i=1, 2, f1(x) and f2(x) are the function expressions of the left dividing lines l1 and l2 respectively; when j=2 and i=3, 4, f3(x) and f4(x) are the function expressions of the right dividing lines l3 and l4 respectively.

[0060] Specifically, in the process of executing step S2.2.2, dividing the warning area based on the dividing line includes:

[0061] The two left dividing lines and the left frame line of the tower detection frame form a first area, the two right dividing lines and the right frame line of the tower detection frame form a second area, the quadrilateral formed by the lower frame line of the transmission line tower detection frame and the line connecting the lower end points of the transmission line corridor image is the third area, and the other areas of the transmission line corridor image are the fourth area;

[0062] Furthermore, the first area and the second area are general warning areas, the third area is an emergency warning area, and the fourth area is a non-warning area.

[0063] Furthermore, the mathematical expression of the general warning area is:

[0064]

[0065] The mathematical expression of the emergency warning area is:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, f1(x), f2(x), f3(x), and f4(x) are dividing lines, and x P1 ,y P1 、x P2 、x T1 ,y T2 、x T4 All are coordinate points.

[0068] Specifically, in the process of executing step S2.2, the process of selecting the high image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located includes:

[0069] The intersection of the flame detection frame with the emergency warning area and the general warning area is calculated respectively. If the intersection of the two areas is empty, the flame is considered to be in the non-warning area; otherwise, the flame is considered to be in the warning area, and the area of ​​the intersection of the flame detection frame with the emergency warning area and the general warning area is calculated respectively. According to the area of ​​the intersection, the area where the flame is located is determined to be the emergency warning area or the general warning area, and the transmission line corridor image is identified as the high-resolution image to be tested; the detection frame is replaced and the above steps are repeated until all flame and smoke detection frames are retrieved.

[0070] In some embodiments, the process of executing step S3 includes:

[0071] S3.1. Obtaining the height of the flame and smoke in the image to be measured based on the height of the detection frame and the coordinates of the corner points;

[0072] S3.2. Calculate the breakdown voltage based on the height of the flame and smoke and provide warning information.

[0073] Specifically, when executing step S3.1, it includes:

[0074] S3.1.1, obtain the scaling factor of flame and smoke based on the corner point coordinates;

[0075] S3.1.2. Obtain the height of flame and smoke based on the fuzzy height measurement formula.

[0076] Specifically, in the process of executing step S3.1.1, obtaining the scaling coefficient of flame and smoke based on the corner point coordinates, the following steps are included:

[0077] Based on the four corner points of the transmission line tower detection frame, four straight lines are drawn toward the four corner points corresponding to the flame detection frame. The four straight lines are extended to obtain four intersection points. The flame scaling factor is obtained based on the angular coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame, the angular coordinates of the flame detection frame and the four intersection points. Similarly, the smoke scaling factor can be obtained.

[0078] In fact, the corner point T of the transmission line tower is detected i (x Ti ,y Ti ) Start from the corresponding corner point F of the flame detection frame i (x Fi ,y Fi ) to draw a straight line, and use the two-point formula of the plane line to get the function expression of the four connected lines:

[0079]

[0080] g i (x) is the function expression of four straight lines, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, (x Ti ,y Ti )、(x Fi ,y Fi ) are the coordinates of the corner points of the transmission line tower detection frame and the flame detection frame, respectively.

[0081] Furthermore, each straight line will intersect with the other two straight lines to obtain two intersection points, and the four corner points F of the flame detection frame on each straight line are calculated respectively. i (x Fi ,y Fi ) to these two intersection points O m (x Om ,yOm ) distance |F i O m |, and each corner point T of the transmission line tower detection frame i (x i ,y i ) to these two intersection points O m (x Om ,y Om ) distance |T i O m |, define |F i O m |with|T i O m The ratio is the scaling factor Z of the corner point i of the flame detection frame at the intersection point m. k , where k = 1, 2, ..., 8, and the average of all height measurement coefficients is taken to obtain the flame scaling coefficient Z. Similarly, the smoke scaling coefficient can be obtained.

[0082] Specifically, in the process of executing step S3.1.2, obtaining the height of the flame and the smoke based on the fuzzy height measurement formula includes:

[0083] Substituting the scaling factor into the fuzzy height measurement formula to obtain the flame height and the smoke height;

[0084] The formula for measuring the fuzzy height of flame and smoke is:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, H ftrue is the flame measurement height, H strue is the smoke measurement height, Z1 is the flame scaling factor, Z2 is the smoke scaling factor, h true is the actual height of the transmission line tower, H f is the height of the flame detection frame, H s is the height of the smoke detection frame, and h is the height of the transmission line tower detection frame.

[0087] Specifically, when executing step S3.2, it includes:

[0088] S3.2.1. Substitute the height of the flame and smoke into the breakdown voltage formula for wildfires in the transmission line corridor to calculate the initial breakdown voltage;

[0089] S3.2.2, correcting the initial breakdown voltage based on the voltage compensation coefficient and the morphology index to obtain a final breakdown voltage;

[0090] S3.2.3. Determine whether the wildfire has a breakdown risk based on a comparison between the final breakdown voltage and the rated voltage of the transmission line.

[0091] Specifically, in the process of executing step S3.2.1, it includes: substituting the height of the flame and smoke into the wildfire breakdown voltage formula of the transmission line corridor to calculate the initial breakdown voltage, and the calculation formula used is as follows:

[0092] U0=9.2+70H fture +186.4H strue ;

[0093] Among them, U0 is the initial breakdown voltage, H fture is the height of the flame, H strue is the height of the smoke.

[0094] Specifically, the process of executing step S3.2.2 includes:

[0095] S3.2.2.1, obtain the morphological index;

[0096] S3.2.2.2. Calculate the final breakdown voltage.

[0097] Specifically, in the process of executing step S3.2.2.1, obtaining the morphological index includes:

[0098] When the flame detection frame or the smoke detection frame is partially in the general warning area or the emergency warning area, the morphological index is the ratio of the first length to the second length;

[0099] The first length is the length of the area occupied by the flame or smoke in the general warning area or the emergency warning area on the Y axis of the image, and the second length is the length of the flame or smoke detection frame on the Y axis of the image;

[0100] When the flame or smoke detection frame is completely within the general warning area or the emergency warning area, the shape index is 1.

[0101] Specifically, in the process of executing step S3.2.2.2 to calculate the final breakdown voltage, the calculation formula used is:

[0102] U=δU o -u0;

[0103] Where U is the final breakdown voltage, δ is the morphology index, and U o is the initial breakdown voltage, and u0 is the voltage compensation coefficient.

[0104] Furthermore, according to the calculated final breakdown voltage U and the rated voltage U of the transmission line N A comparison is made to determine whether the wildfire has a risk of breakdown, and based on the result, it is determined whether an alarm is needed. The calculation results, the type of warning area corresponding to the flames and smoke, and the alarm judgment results are provided to the staff.

[0105] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention as described in the claims. Moreover, the present invention described herein may have other embodiments and may be implemented or realized in a variety of ways.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The transmission line corridor image is detected based on the target detection model to obtain the height and corner point coordinates of the three target detection frames of the transmission line tower, flame and smoke, and the coordinates of the lower endpoint of the transmission line corridor image; Divide the transmission line corridor image into early warning areas based on the corner point coordinates of the detection frame and the lower end point coordinates of the transmission line corridor image, and select the high image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located; The height of the flame and smoke in the image to be tested is obtained based on the height of the detection frame and the coordinates of the corner points, and the breakdown voltage is calculated based on the height of the flame and smoke to provide warning information.

2. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning method comprises: A dataset of wildfire images in the transmission line corridor was collected and pre-trained weights were set. The YOLOv8 target detection model was initialized and trained. The parameters of the YOLOv8 target detection model were adjusted based on the cosine annealing algorithm. The training was repeated until the loss value converged to obtain the optimal weights.

3. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of detecting the transmission line corridor image based on the target detection model includes: A camera based on online monitoring of the transmission line corridor obtains an image of a wildfire in the transmission line corridor, and a coordinate system is established based on the center of the image as the origin and one pixel as one length unit; Based on the target detection model and coordinate system, the heights and corner point coordinates of the three target detection frames of the transmission line tower, flame and smoke are obtained.

4. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of dividing the transmission line corridor image into early warning areas based on the corner point coordinates of the detection frame and the lower end point coordinates of the transmission line corridor image includes: Determine two left dividing lines based on the connection line between the two left corner point coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame and the lower left end point of the transmission line corridor image, and determine two right dividing lines based on the connection line between the two right corner point coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame and the lower right end point of the transmission line corridor image; The two left dividing lines and the left frame line of the tower detection frame form a first area, the two right dividing lines and the right frame line of the tower detection frame form a second area, the quadrilateral formed by the lower frame line of the transmission line tower detection frame and the line connecting the lower end points of the transmission line corridor image is the third area, and the other areas of the transmission line corridor image are the fourth area; The first area and the second area are general warning areas, the third area is an emergency warning area, and the fourth area is a non-warning area.

5. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of selecting the high-resolution image to be tested based on the height of the detection frame where the flame and smoke are located includes: The intersection of the flame detection frame with the emergency warning area and the general warning area is calculated respectively. If the intersection of the two areas is empty, the flame is considered to be in the non-warning area; otherwise, the flame is considered to be in the warning area, and the area of ​​the intersection of the flame detection frame with the emergency warning area and the general warning area is calculated respectively. According to the area of ​​the intersection, the area where the flame is located is determined to be the emergency warning area or the general warning area, and the transmission line corridor image is identified as the high-resolution image to be tested; the detection frame is replaced and the above steps are repeated until all flame and smoke detection frames are retrieved.

6. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the flame and smoke in the image to be measured is obtained based on the height of the detection frame and the coordinates of the corner points, including: Based on the four corner points of the transmission line tower detection frame, four straight lines are drawn toward the four corner points corresponding to the flame detection frame, and the four straight lines are extended to obtain four intersection points. The flame scaling factor is obtained based on the angular coordinates of the transmission line tower detection frame, the angular coordinates of the flame detection frame and the four intersection points; the smoke scaling factor can be obtained in the same way; Substitute the scaling factor into the fuzzy height measurement formula to obtain the flame height and the smoke height.

7. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Substituting the scaling factor into the fuzzy height measurement formula to obtain the final flame height includes: The formula for measuring the fuzzy height of flame and smoke is: Among them, H ftrue is the flame measurement height, H strue is the smoke measurement height, Z1 is the flame scaling factor, Z2 is the smoke scaling factor, h true is the actual height of the transmission line tower, H f is the height of the flame detection frame, H s is the height of the smoke detection frame, and h is the height of the transmission line tower detection frame.

8. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculates breakdown voltage based on the height of the flame and smoke and provides warning information, including: Substituting the height of the flame and smoke into the breakdown voltage formula of the wildfire in the transmission line corridor to calculate the initial breakdown voltage, correcting the initial breakdown voltage based on the voltage compensation coefficient and the shape index to obtain the final breakdown voltage, and comparing the final breakdown voltage with the rated voltage of the transmission line to determine whether the wildfire has a breakdown risk, and determining whether an alarm is needed based on the result; The formula for the final breakdown voltage is: U=δU o -u0; Where U is the final breakdown voltage, δ is the morphology index, and U o is the initial breakdown voltage, and u0 is the voltage compensation coefficient.

9. A method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: Substitute the height of the flame and smoke into the breakdown voltage formula of the transmission line corridor wildfire to calculate the initial breakdown voltage. The calculation formula used is as follows: U0=9.2+70H ftrue +186.4H strue ; Among them, U0 is the initial breakdown voltage, H ftrue is the height of the flame, H strue is the height of the smoke.

10. The method for early warning of power transmission line gap breakdown under wildfire conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation method of the pattern index is as follows: When the flame detection frame or the smoke detection frame is partially in the general warning area or the emergency warning area, the morphological index is the ratio of the first length to the second length; The first length is the length of the area occupied by the flame or smoke in the general warning area or the emergency warning area on the Y axis of the image, and the second length is the length of the flame or smoke detection frame on the Y axis of the image; When the flame or smoke detection frame is completely within the general warning area or the emergency warning area, the shape index is 1.

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