Method for producing hydrocolloid using mushroom as raw material, method for producing mushroom powder, hydrocolloid using mushroom as raw material, and mushroom powder

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of producing a hydrocolloid and mushroom powder from mushrooms as a raw material by means of simple steps, said hydrocolloid and mushroom powder having no fibrous sensation. A pulpy hydrocolloid is produced by grinding coarsely pulverized mushrooms by compression, shearing, and friction. Furthermore, the hydrocolloid is dried and powdered, thereby producing a mushroom powder. The hydrocolloid and the mushroom powder can be used as a thickening agent, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydrating agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydrocolloid and mushroom powder using mushrooms as raw materials, and the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder obtained by the production method can be used for food and beverage, cosmetics, ink, coating, daily necessities and agricultural materials. Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, hydrocolloids or thickeners or gelling agents containing hydrocolloids have been used to improve the physical properties of foods and beverages, cosmetics, inks, coatings, daily necessities, or agricultural materials.

[0003] On the other hand, in recent years, consumers have shown interest in keywords such as clean labels or additive-free. For example, in the food industry, the trend of reducing the use of thickeners or gelling agents as food additives and replacing them with hydrocolloids as food raw materials has become increasingly active. In addition to the food industry, for example, in the cosmetics industry, ink and coatings industry, the demand for hydrocolloids as a substitute for chemically synthesized polymers and as a food raw material with a lower risk of human ingestion is also increasing.

[0004] Hydrocolloid is a general term for polysaccharides or proteins containing various sugars, and can be used as a thickener for purposes such as thickening, gelling, emulsification, and dispersion stabilization.

[0005] Most hydrocolloids are basically manufactured through fermentation, synthesis, extraction, concentration and other steps, and the manufacturing steps are complicated.

[0006] If the pH value is adjusted to alkaline or acidic in the extraction step, alkaline or acidic agents will be used again for chemical treatment in the subsequent neutralization step. Even if the used agents are removed and rendered non-toxic in the manufacturing step, the agents themselves are often dangerous.

[0007] Furthermore, in the production methods of hydrocolloids involving an extraction step, residues remain after extraction, which results in a time-consuming and costly disposal.

[0008] For this reason, research and development of hydrocolloids or thickeners containing hydrocolloids have been conducted by performing simple processing such as pulverizing the food raw materials themselves.

[0009] As a food raw material used in the development of hydrocolloids or thickeners containing hydrocolloids, mushrooms can be cited as an example. Mushrooms can be cultivated stably throughout the year without being affected by the weather. Japan has had experience in eating mushrooms since ancient times, so it is a raw material that is easily accepted by consumers. The cell wall of mushrooms is composed of hydrocolloids such as polysaccharides or proteins, or lipids. Examples of polysaccharides as hydrocolloids contained in mushrooms include cellulose, α-glucan, β-glucan and other glucans or chitin.

[0010] Patent Document 1 describes that edible mushrooms selected from the group consisting of Tremella fuciformis, Pholiota nameko, and Tremella foliacea are finely ground to prepare a thickener having a particle size of 44 μm or less.

[0011] Patent Document 2 describes a method for producing β-glucan by a series of steps, including obtaining a primary pulverized powder having an average particle size of 50 to 100 μm from a mushroom selected from the group consisting of Sparassis latifolia, Phellinus linteus, Agrocybe oleraceus, Schizophyllum commune, Ganoderma lucidum, Inonotus obliquus, Lentinula edodes, and Grifola frondosa by a primary coarse pulverization step, and producing micronized mushroom powder having an average particle size of 1 to 20 μm by a secondary fine pulverization step, and subjecting the powder to ultrasonic extraction and thermal extraction. Furthermore, the method describes that since the alkali treatment extraction step is not performed, the problematic alkali neutralization step and the environmental pollution caused thereby can be eliminated.

[0012] Prior Art Literature

[0013] Patent Literature

[0014] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-155116

[0015] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-535310 Summary of the invention

[0016] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0017] However, although the method described in Patent Document 1 does not require a chemical treatment step and does not require a complicated production step, it has a problem that a sufficient thickening effect cannot be obtained because the powder is pulverized and stirred using a stirrer.

[0018] Patent Document 2 requires two grinding steps and a complicated step of treating the ground product by ultrasonic extraction and thermal extraction. In addition, since the extraction step is involved, there is a problem that residues remain after the extraction.

[0019] The present invention aims to solve the above problems by using mushrooms as raw materials to produce hydrocolloid and mushroom powder without residual fiber feeling through simple steps.

[0020] Solutions to the problem

[0021] In order to solve the above problems, one of the present inventions provides a method for producing a hydrocolloid using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that it comprises:

[0022] The grinding step is to grind the mushrooms by compression, shearing and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution.

[0023] According to this configuration, the amount of insoluble dietary fiber contained in mushrooms is reduced and the amount of water-soluble dietary fiber is increased through simple steps, thereby making it possible to produce a hydrocolloid without residual fiber feeling.

[0024] Moreover, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing a hydrocolloid using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that it comprises:

[0025] a coarse pulverizing step of coarsely pulverizing the mushrooms; and

[0026] The grinding step is to grind the mushrooms roughly ground in the roughly grinding step by compression, shearing and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution.

[0027] According to this configuration, the amount of insoluble dietary fiber contained in mushrooms can be reduced and the amount of water-soluble dietary fiber can be increased through simple steps, thereby producing a hydrocolloid without residual fiber feeling.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing mushroom powder using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that it comprises:

[0029] a grinding step of grinding the mushrooms by compression, shearing, and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution; and

[0030] The drying and pulverizing step is to dry and pulverize the slurry of mushroom solution ground in the pulverizing step.

[0031] According to this configuration, the amount of insoluble dietary fiber contained in mushrooms is reduced and the amount of water-soluble dietary fiber is increased through simple steps, thereby making it possible to produce mushroom powder without residual fiber feeling.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing mushroom powder using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that it comprises:

[0033] A coarse crushing step of coarsely crushing the mushrooms;

[0034] a grinding step of grinding the mushrooms coarsely ground in the coarse grinding step by compression, shearing, and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution; and

[0035] The drying and pulverizing step is to dry and pulverize the slurry of mushroom solution ground in the pulverizing step.

[0036] According to this configuration, the amount of insoluble dietary fiber contained in mushrooms can be reduced and the amount of water-soluble dietary fiber can be increased through simple steps, thereby producing mushroom powder without residual fiber feeling.

[0037] In the method for producing the hydrocolloid or mushroom powder of the present invention, the grinding step may be performed using a mortar grinder.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another aspect of the present invention provides a hydrocolloid, characterized in that it is composed of a slurry mushroom solution, and

[0039] The average particle size measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer is 500 μm or less.

[0040] The viscosity measured by the following measurement method is 200 [Pa·s] or more,

[0041] The precipitation rate of the insoluble residue measured by the following measurement method was less than 1%.

[0042] Viscosity measurement method: Viscosity was measured using a viscoelasticity measuring device with parallel plate fixtures, a shear rate of 0.01-1000 [1 / s], and a temperature of 20°C.

[0043] Method for determining the precipitation rate of insoluble residue: dilute 1 g of slurry with 59 g of water, centrifuge the diluted sample (10,000×g, 10 minutes, room temperature), use qualitative filter paper No. 101 (maintaining particle size 5μm, manufactured by Advantec) to dry the centrifuged precipitate at room temperature for 1 day, and measure the weight of insoluble residue attached to the filter paper. The ratio of the weight of the insoluble residue to 1 g of slurry is calculated and set as the precipitation rate of the insoluble residue.

[0044] According to this structure, a hydrocolloid suitable as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent can be provided.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another aspect of the present invention provides a mushroom powder, characterized in that it is a mushroom powder obtained by drying and powdering a slurry-like mushroom solution, and

[0046] These are particles that do not pass through the 325-mesh sieve.

[0047] It can be dispersed and dissolved in water regardless of the temperature.

[0048] The viscosity measured by the following measurement method is 10 [mPa·s] or more.

[0049] Viscosity measurement method: Mushroom powder was dispersed and dissolved in water to prepare a 1% by mass dispersion solution, and the viscosity was measured using a viscoelasticity measuring device with a parallel plate fixture, a shear rate of 50 [1 / s], and a temperature of 20°C.

[0050] According to this structure, it is possible to provide a mushroom powder which has good dispersibility and solubility and is suitable as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

[0051] The hydrocolloid or mushroom powder obtained in the present invention can be used as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

[0052] According to this structure, a hydrocolloid or mushroom powder having a thickening effect or a retaining / stabilizing effect can be produced by using dietary fiber.

[0053] Moreover, the mushrooms used as raw materials can be selected from any one or two or more of Auricularia polytricha Sacc, Nameko, Grifola frondosa, Shimeji mushroom, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Hydrangea latifolia, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Black Abalone Mushroom, Tremella fuciformis, Trametes versicolor, Schizophora protozoa, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus subrufescens, and Matsutake.

[0054] According to this structure, a hydrocolloid or mushroom powder having a thickening effect or a retaining / stabilizing effect can be produced.

[0055] Effects of the Invention

[0056] According to the present invention, a hydrocolloid and mushroom powder without residual fiber feeling can be manufactured and provided by using mushrooms as raw materials. The hydrocolloid and mushroom powder can be used as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 The following are photographs showing the slurries obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 2 and 3, and graphs showing the pH values ​​and sugar contents of each.

[0058] Figure 2 These are photographs showing the results of the dispersion stability evaluation test on the solid particles of Examples 2 and 3.

[0059] Figure 3 The photographs show the results of the dispersion stability evaluation test on the oils and fats of Examples 2 and 3.

[0060] Figure 4 These are photographs showing the results of the dispersion stability evaluation test on the solid particles of Examples 4 and 5.

[0061] Figure 5 These are photographs showing the results of the dispersion stability evaluation test on the oils and fats of Comparative Example 5 and Examples 4 and 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In the present invention, as the mushrooms used as the raw material, for example, it is preferred to use any one or two or more selected from Auricularia auricula, Nameko, Grifola frondosa, Pleurotus eryngii, Agaricus edulis, Agaricus spp., Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Hydrangea spp., Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Tremella fuciformis, Trametes versicolor, Schizophora protozoa, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus blazei, and Tricholoma matsutake. Among them, Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis are particularly preferred.

[0063] The mushrooms may be ground directly, but preferably a coarse grinding step is performed in advance. The coarse grinding can be performed using, for example, a food processor, a chopper, a chopper, a noiseless chopper, etc., and is preferably performed so that the particle size becomes about 0.1 to 50 mm. The particle size of the coarsely ground product can be measured by measuring the maximum diameter of each granular material using a measuring instrument and finding the average thereof.

[0064] The coarsely crushed mushrooms are then subjected to a grinding step, where they are ground by compression, shearing, and friction. The grinding by compression, shearing, and friction can be performed, for example, using a mortar grinder. As the mortar grinder, a grinder using a stone mortar can be preferably used, for example, the "Super Masscolloider" (registered trademark) manufactured by Masuyuki Sangyo Co., Ltd. can be used. The grinding step is performed until the mushrooms become a paste. In this way, a paste-like hydrocolloid of the present invention can be obtained.

[0065] In the present invention, the hydrocolloid means that mushrooms are ground into a slurry, and the tissues of the mushrooms are uniformly dispersed or dissolved.

[0066] The average particle size of the hydrocolloid of the present invention is preferably 500 μm or less, more preferably 200 μm or less. In addition, in the present invention, the average particle size of the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder represents the volume moment average particle size D [4, 3] measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device. As a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device, for example, "LMS-3000" (trade name, manufactured by Malvern) can be used.

[0067] Furthermore, the viscosity of the hydrocolloid of the present invention measured by the following measurement method is preferably 150 [Pa·s] or more, and more preferably 200 to 10000 [Pa·s].

[0068] Viscosity measurement method: Viscosity was measured using a viscoelasticity measuring device with parallel plate fixtures, a shear rate of 0.01-1000 [1 / s], and a temperature of 20°C.

[0069] For example, using "MCR302" (trade name, manufactured by Anton Paar) as a viscoelasticity measuring apparatus, using a PP50 fixture, measuring at a shear rate of 0.01-1000 [1 / s] and a temperature of 20°C, the viscosity value can be measured at a shear rate of 0.1 [1 / s].

[0070] Furthermore, the precipitation rate of the insoluble residue of the hydrocolloid of the present invention measured by the following measuring method is preferably less than 1%, and more preferably less than 0.9%.

[0071] Method for determining the precipitation rate of insoluble residue: dilute 1 g of slurry with 59 g of water, centrifuge the diluted sample (10,000×g, 10 minutes, room temperature), use qualitative filter paper No. 101 (maintaining particle size 5μm, manufactured by Advantec) to dry the centrifuged precipitate at room temperature for 1 day, and measure the weight of insoluble residue attached to the filter paper. The ratio of the weight of the insoluble residue to 1 g of slurry is calculated and set as the precipitation rate of the insoluble residue.

[0072] The hydrocolloid of the present invention can exert thickening effect, dispersion stabilization effect, emulsification stabilization effect, and dehydration prevention effect by being added to food, cosmetics, medical products, inks, coatings, daily necessities, agricultural materials, etc. Therefore, it can be used as a thickener, dispersion stabilizer, emulsifier, or dehydration prevention agent, or their raw materials in a slurry state.

[0073] Furthermore, the mushroom powder of the present invention can be obtained by drying and powdering the above-mentioned slurry hydrocolloid. The drying method is not particularly limited, and for example, freeze drying, spray drying, pulverization drying using an airflow pulverizer, vacuum drying, etc. can be used, and preferably, a method of drying while finely pulverizing using an airflow pulverizer is used. As the airflow pulverizer, for example, a product manufactured by Advantec Corporation can be used.

[0074] If necessary, the dried powder can be further pulverized to adjust the particle size. The pulverization method is not particularly limited, and for example, a dry bead mill, a ball mill (rolling type, vibration type, etc.) and other media stirring mills, a jet mill, a chopper, a high-speed rotary impact mill (pin mill, etc.), a roller mill, a hammer mill, etc. can be used for pulverization. Furthermore, the pulverized material can be sieved to obtain a powder of a specific particle size.

[0075] In the present invention, the particle size of the mushroom powder is preferably a particle that does not pass through a 325-mesh (45 μm) sieve. Furthermore, the average particle size of the mushroom powder is preferably 46 to 1000 μm, and more preferably 50 to 900 μm. The average particle size can be measured by the above-mentioned method using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device.

[0076] The mushroom powder of the present invention can be dispersed and dissolved in water regardless of the temperature. When dispersed and dissolved in water, the viscosity measured by the following measurement method is preferably 10 [mPa·s] or more, and more preferably 20 [mPa·s] or more.

[0077] Viscosity measurement method: Mushroom powder was dispersed and dissolved in water to prepare a 1% by mass dispersion solution, and the viscosity was measured using a viscoelasticity measuring device with a parallel plate fixture, a shear rate of 50 [1 / s], and a temperature of 20°C.

[0078] For example, using "MCR302" (trade name, manufactured by Anton Paar) as a viscoelasticity measuring apparatus, using a PP50 jig, measuring at a shear rate of 50 [1 / s] and a temperature of 20°C, the viscosity value can be measured at a shear rate of 0.1 [1 / s].

[0079] The mushroom powder of the present invention is easily dispersed and dissolved in water, and can be added to food, cosmetics, medical supplies, inks, coatings, daily necessities, agricultural materials, etc. to exert thickening effect, dispersion stabilization effect, emulsification stabilization effect, and anti-dehydration effect. Therefore, it can be used as a thickener, dispersion stabilizer, emulsifier, or anti-dehydration agent, or a raw material thereof.

[0080] The above-mentioned viscosity-increasing effect refers to the effect of increasing the viscosity of a solvent such as water by adding the hydrocolloid or mushroom powder of the present invention to the solvent.

[0081] The above-mentioned dispersion stabilization effect refers to the effect of dispersing and stably maintaining the undissolved components contained in the liquid raw material by adding the hydrocolloid or mushroom powder of the present invention.

[0082] The emulsion stabilization effect is an effect of maintaining a solute having a low solubility relative to the solvent in a dispersed state in the solvent.

[0083] The anti-dehydration effect refers to the effect of suppressing the phenomenon that the water retained in the object (for example, food materials such as vegetables and meat) to which the hydrocolloid or mushroom powder of the present invention is added is released and drips after being stored in a refrigerator or a freezer.

[0084] Examples of foods and beverages to which the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder of the present invention can be applied include: seafood, livestock processed products (e.g., sausages, ham, hamburgers, fish balls, etc.), fillings for meat buns, dumplings, spring rolls, steamed buns, croquettes, etc., ingredients for rice balls, sandwiches, etc. (e.g., tuna mayonnaise), stir-fried vegetables, egg rolls, yogurt, agar products such as yokan, jams such as fruit jams, jellies such as coffee jelly and jelly, fresh cream, mayonnaise, independent sauces, emulsified sauces, oil-free sauces, sauces such as dressings, pizza sauces, Worcestershire sauce, white sauce, etc., condiments, ice cream, lactic acid ice cream, ice milk, frozen foods such as cones.

[0085] As cosmetics to which the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder of the present invention can be applied, for example, basic cosmetics such as facial cream, emulsion, lotion, essence, etc., cleansing cosmetics such as soap, facial cleanser, shampoo, conditioner, hair cosmetics such as hair growth lotion, hair styling lotion, color cosmetics such as foundation, eyeliner, mascara, lipstick, oral cosmetics such as toothbrush, bath cosmetics, etc. can be cited.

[0086] Examples of inks and coatings to which the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder of the present invention can be applied include inks for ballpoint pens, inks for printers such as ink jet printers, paints, and drawing pigments.

[0087] Examples of daily necessities to which the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder of the present invention can be applied include detergents, disinfectants, toothpastes, and the like.

[0088] Examples of agricultural materials to which the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder of the present invention can be applied include agents for improving water retention of seeds or soil, pesticides, and the like.

[0089] The hydrocolloid and mushroom powder of the present invention can play a viscosity increasing effect, a dispersion stabilizing effect, an emulsifying stabilizing effect, and an anti-dehydration effect by being added to the raw materials of various products as described above.

[0090] Example 1

[0091] (Coarse pulverization step)

[0092] The harvested Auricularia auricula was coarsely crushed into pieces of about 1 to 2 cm using a rotary cutter.

[0093] (Grinding step)

[0094] Secondly, about 3 times the mass of water was added to the coarsely ground product, and the product was ground using a Super Masscolloider (registered trademark) manufactured by Zeng Xing Industry Co., Ltd. as a stone mortar grinder. Thus, all the hairy fungus was ground without leaving residue in the stone mortar by compression, shearing, and friction to form a slurry hairy fungus solution, that is, a hydrocolloid. Hereinafter, the hydrocolloid is referred to as "Defi hairy fungus".

[0095] (Drying and pulverizing step)

[0096] Next, a drying and pulverizing step is performed. In the drying and pulverizing step, the slurry of Auricularia auriculariae solution is dried and pulverized by a jet mill to produce powdered mushroom powder. As the jet mill, a jet mill manufactured by Advantec Corporation is used.

[0097] In addition, any one or two or more mushrooms selected from the group consisting of nameko, maitake, pleurotus ostreatus, agaricus, agaricus, enoki mushroom, king oyster mushroom, broad-leaved hydrangea, shiitake, oyster mushroom, golden-topped pleurotus eryngii, black oyster mushroom, tremella, versicolor Trametes, primitive schizomycetes, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus blazei, and Matsutake can also be used instead of Auricularia auricula, and the hydrocolloid or mushroom powder can be prepared using the same method.

[0098] (Comparative Example 1)

[0099] The raw Tremella fuciformis containing water was roughly pulverized using a food processor (trade name "MK-K61", manufactured by Panasonic Corporation).

[0100] Then, the mixture was pulverized at room temperature at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes using a TK homogenizer (trade name "TKHOMOMIXER MARK2 MODEL2.5", manufactured by PRIMIX Co., Ltd.) to obtain a slurry. Hereinafter, this slurry is abbreviated as "HG Tremella".

[0101] (Comparative Example 2)

[0102] Raw ARA fungus was used and ground in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and ground using a homogenizer to obtain a slurry. Hereinafter, this slurry is referred to as "HG fungus".

[0103] Example 2

[0104] The raw Tremella fuciformis containing water was roughly pulverized using a food processor (trade name "MK-K61", manufactured by Panasonic Corporation).

[0105] The Tremella fuciformis was put into a mortar grinder (trade name "Super Masscolloider MKCA6-5J", manufactured by Masukousho Sangyo) for grinding. The rotation speed was set to 1,500 rpm, and the gap of the grinder was set to 100 μm for the first and second treatments, and to -40 μm for the third and fourth treatments during contact operation.

[0106] In this way, a defibrated pulp, i.e., the hydrocolloid of the present invention, is obtained. Hereinafter, the hydrocolloid is referred to as "Defi Tremella".

[0107] Example 3

[0108] Raw Auricularia auricula was crushed and ground in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain a defibration slurry, i.e., the hydrocolloid of the present invention. Hereinafter, the hydrocolloid is referred to as "Defi Auricularia auricula".

[0109] [Test Example 1 (properties of slurry)]

[0110] The slurries obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 2 and 3 were photographed, and the pH value and the sugar content (Brix) were measured. The pH value was measured using a pH meter (F-74S, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.), and the sugar content was measured using a digital saccharimeter (DBX-85, manufactured by ATAGO).

[0111] The results are shown in Figure 1 .like Figure 1 As shown, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 2 and 3 that have been ground have smoother textures and higher sugar content than the slurries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0112] [Test Example 2 (Particle Size Distribution)]

[0113] For each of the slurries obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 2 and 3, the volume moment average particle diameter D[4,3] was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (trade name "LMS-3000", manufactured by Malvern).

[0114] The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0115]

[0116] Table 1

[0117] As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 2 and 3 subjected to the grinding treatment have smaller particle sizes than the slurries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0118] [Test Example 3 (Viscosity Measurement)]

[0119] The viscosity of each slurry obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 2 and 3 was measured by the following measurement method to obtain the viscosity value at a shear rate of 0.1 [1 / s].

[0120] (Measurement method)

[0121] Measuring machine: Trade name "MCR302" (manufactured by Anton Paar)

[0122] Fixture used: PP50

[0123] Measurement conditions

[0124] Shear speed: 0.01-1000[1 / s]

[0125] Temperature: 20℃

[0126] The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0127]

[0128] Table 2

[0129] As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 2 and 3 subjected to the grinding treatment have significantly higher viscosities than the slurries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0130] [Test Example 4 (precipitation rate)]

[0131] The precipitation rate of the insoluble residue was evaluated for each of the slurries obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 2 and 3 by the following method.

[0132] (Evaluation method of precipitation rate of insoluble residue)

[0133] 1 g of the slurry was diluted with 59 g of water, and the diluted sample was centrifuged (10,000 × g, 10 minutes, room temperature). The centrifuged precipitate was dried at room temperature for 1 day using qualitative filter paper No. 101 (maintaining a particle size of 5 μm, manufactured by Advantec) and the weight of the insoluble residue attached to the filter paper was measured. The ratio of the weight of the insoluble residue to 1 g of the slurry was obtained and set as the precipitation rate of the insoluble residue. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0134]

[0135] Table 3

[0136] As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 2 and 3 subjected to the grinding treatment have lower precipitation rates of insoluble residues than the slurries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0137] [Test Example 5 (Evaluation of Dispersion Stability of Solid Particles)]

[0138] The dispersion stability of each slurry (hydrocolloid) obtained in Examples 2 and 3 was evaluated by the following method.

[0139] (Method for preparing dispersion stability evaluation solution)

[0140] Mix room temperature water and each slurry in a ratio of 1:1 and stir with a mixer for 10 minutes.

[0141] (Dispersion evaluation method)

[0142] 10 g of the mixed solution was placed in a 15 mL tube, and 0.05 g of black pepper (particle size in a dry state ≤ 2 mm) was added.

[0143] After being thoroughly mixed by inversion, the mixture was left to stand at room temperature for 7 days, and the dispersion state of the black pepper was evaluated. The dispersion stability evaluation was performed by rating the black pepper sufficiently dispersed as ○, and rating the black pepper precipitated as ×.

[0144] The photos and evaluation results after 7 days of standing are shown in Figure 2 .

[0145] like Figure 2 As shown, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 2 and 3 have excellent dispersion stability for solid particles in aqueous solution.

[0146] [Test Example 6 (Evaluation of Dispersion Stability of Oil and Fats)]

[0147] The dispersion stability of oil and fat was evaluated for each slurry (hydrocolloid) obtained in Examples 2 and 3 by the following method.

[0148] (Method for preparing solution containing fat and oil)

[0149] Each slurry and water were weighed in a 500 mL stainless steel tube.

[0150] After stirring for 3 minutes using a TK homogenizer (trade name: "TKHOMOMIXER MARK2 MODEL2.5", manufactured by PRIMIX Co., Ltd.), commercially available salad oil was added and stirred using the TK homogenizer (room temperature, 7,500 rpm, 5 minutes).

[0151] The mixing ratio of slurry, water and salad oil is adjusted to Figure 3 The blending ratios (mass %) are shown.

[0152] (Evaluation of dispersion stability of oils and fats)

[0153] The mixture was filled in a beverage bottle and left to stand at room temperature for 7 days. The separation state of the water layer and the oil layer was evaluated by visual observation and photographing.

[0154] The case where the separation of the water layer and the oil layer could not be visually confirmed was marked as ○, and the case where the separation was confirmed was marked as ×. The results are shown in Figure 3 .

[0155] like Figure 3 As shown, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 2 and 3 have excellent dispersion stability to oils and fats in aqueous solution.

[0156] [Test Example 7 (Dehydration Inhibition Effect)]

[0157] The dehydration inhibitory effect test was performed by the following method on each of the slurries obtained in Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 and the control example to which these slurries were not added.

[0158] (Dehydration inhibition effect test)

[0159] 10 g of commercially available salad oil was placed in a frying pan and heated on a tabletop IH heater over medium heat for 1 minute. Then, 250 g of bean sprouts and 20 g of slurry (8% by weight relative to the bean sprouts) were added and stir-fried for 4 minutes. 2.5 g of salt was added and stir-fried for 1 minute. The heated bean sprouts were placed on a plate and cooled, and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for 24 hours.

[0160] Thereafter, the plate was taken out from the refrigerator, unrolled, and fixed at an inclined angle of 10 degrees. The amount of dehydration after standing for 15 minutes was collected using a glass pipette and measured by weight using an electronic balance.

[0161] (Evaluation of dehydration inhibitory effect)

[0162] The dehydration inhibitory effect was evaluated as ○ when the amount of dehydration after 24 hours was less than 0.5 g, and as × when it was 0.5 g or more. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0163]

[0164] Table 4

[0165] As shown in Table 4, compared with the control example and comparative example 1, the slurry (hydrocolloid) obtained in Example 3 has excellent anti-dehydration effect.

[0166] (Comparative Example 3)

[0167] Commercially available dry Tremella fuciformis was used and ground into powder using a tabletop dry grinder (trade name "T-351", manufactured by SUNAO JAPAN). Hereinafter, this powder is referred to as "DP Tremella fuciformis".

[0168] (Comparative Example 4)

[0169] Commercially available dried Auricularia auricula was used and ground into powder using a tabletop dry grinder (trade name "T-351", manufactured by SUNAO JAPAN). Hereinafter, this powder is referred to as "DP Auricularia auricula".

[0170] Example 4

[0171] The slurry of Tremella fuciformis obtained in Example 2 ("Defi Tremella fuciformis") was freeze-dried and pulverized using a tabletop dry grinder (trade name "T-351", manufactured by SUNAO JAPAN) to prepare a powder. Hereinafter, this powder is abbreviated as "FDP Tremella fuciformis".

[0172] Example 5

[0173] The slurry of Auricularia auricularia obtained in Example 3 ("Defi Auricularia auricularia") was freeze-dried and pulverized using a table dry grinder (trade name "T-351", manufactured by SUNAO JAPAN) to prepare a powder. Hereinafter, this powder is abbreviated as "FDP Auricularia auricularia".

[0174] [Test Example 8 (Particle Size Distribution)]

[0175] Each powder obtained in Examples 4 and 5 was added to normal temperature water while being stirred with a stirrer to disperse the powder, and then heated with a microwave oven to prepare a dispersion solution. The dispersion solution was stirred with a stirrer for 10 minutes to obtain a 1 mass % solution.

[0176] The above-mentioned dispersion solutions were used as samples, and the volume moment average particle diameter D[4,3] was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (trade name "LMS-3000", manufactured by Malvern). The results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0177]

[0178] Table 5

[0179] [Test Example 9 (Viscosity Measurement 1)]

[0180] The powder (FDP Auricularia auricula) obtained in Example 5 was ground with a mortar, and the ground powder was sieved with a 325-mesh sieve (mesh size 45 μm, manufactured by Tokyo Screen), and the powder that passed through the sieve was collected and used to prepare a powder with a particle size of ≤45 μm. This powder (Comparative Example 5) and the powder obtained in Example 5 that was not ground with a mortar and did not pass through the sieve were used to evaluate their respective thickening effects.

[0181] Each powder was placed in a 15 mL tube, and a 0.1 wt% solution was prepared using deionized water. The solution was stirred using a vortex stirrer, and the viscosity was measured under the following conditions to obtain the viscosity value at 120 seconds.

[0182] (Viscosity measurement method)

[0183] The viscosity was measured under the following conditions, and the value of the viscosity at 120 seconds was obtained.

[0184] Measuring machine: Trade name "MCR302" (manufactured by Anton Paar)

[0185] Fixture used: PP50

[0186] Measurement conditions

[0187] Shear speed: 50[1 / s]

[0188] Temperature: 20℃

[0189] Measurement interval: 1 point / s

[0190] Measurement time: 120s

[0191] The results are shown in the following Table 6. The evaluation of the viscosity increase was evaluated as ○ when the viscosity was 10 [mPa·s] or more, and × when the viscosity was less than 10 [mPa·s].

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] Table 6

[0195] As shown in Table 6, it can be seen that the viscosity is reduced when the powder has a particle size of 45 μm or less (Comparative Example 5).

[0196] [Test Example 10 (Viscosity Measurement 2)]

[0197] Using each powder obtained in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 and Examples 4 and 5, the viscosity was measured by the following measurement method.

[0198] (Preparation of Viscosity Evaluation Solution)

[0199] Each powder was dispersed while mixing cold water (adjusted to 15° C. or lower) and room temperature water (adjusted to 15° C. or higher and lower than 25° C.) obtained by mixing equal amounts of ice and water with a stirrer.

[0200] In another test area, freeze-dried powder or raw material dry-crushed powder was dispersed while stirring water at room temperature with a mixer, and then heated with a microwave oven (to a temperature of 80° C. or above).

[0201] The dispersion solution was stirred for 10 minutes with a stirrer while maintaining each temperature to obtain a 1 wt% concentration of raw material pulverized material dispersion, cold water dispersion, room temperature water dispersion, or heated dispersion solution. The cold water solution was stored in a thermostat at 10°C until immediately before measurement.

[0202] (Viscosity measurement method)

[0203] The viscosity was measured under the following conditions, and the value of the viscosity at 120 seconds was obtained.

[0204] Measuring machine: Trade name "MCR302" (manufactured by Anton Paar)

[0205] Fixture used: PP50

[0206] Measurement conditions

[0207] Shear speed: 50[1 / s]

[0208] Temperature: 20℃

[0209] Measurement interval: 1 point / s

[0210] Measurement time: 120s

[0211] The results of Tremella fuciformis are shown in the following Table 7. The results of Auricularia a ...

[0212]

[0213] Table 7

[0214]

[0215] Table 8

[0216] As shown in Tables 7 and 8, the powders of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 lacked thickening effect, but the powders of Examples 4 and 5 could obtain excellent thickening effect at any temperature, whether cold water, room temperature or heating.

[0217] [Test Example 11 (Evaluation of Dispersion Stability of Solid Particles)]

[0218] The dispersion stability of each powder obtained in Examples 4 and 5 was evaluated by the following method.

[0219] (Method for preparing dispersion stability evaluation solution)

[0220] The freeze-dried powder was dispersed while stirring the room temperature water with a stirrer, and then heated with a microwave oven. The solution was stirred with a stirrer for 10 minutes to obtain a 3 wt % Tremella solution and a 1 wt % Auricularia auricula solution.

[0221] A 15 mL tube was filled with 10 g of the solution, and 0.05 g of black pepper (particle size in dry state ≤ 2 mm) was added. After sufficient inversion and mixing, the mixture was left to stand at room temperature for 7 days to evaluate the dispersion state of the black pepper. The dispersion stability evaluation was set as ○ when the black pepper was fully dispersed, and as × when it was precipitated.

[0222] The photos and evaluation results after 7 days of standing are shown in Figure 4 .

[0223] like Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the slurries (hydrocolloids) of Examples 4 and 5 have excellent dispersion stability for solid particles in aqueous solution.

[0224] [Test Example 12 (Evaluation of Dispersion Stability of Oil and Fats)]

[0225] The dispersion stability of oil and fat was evaluated by the following method for each powder obtained in Examples 4 and 5. Furthermore, as Comparative Example 5, commercially available xanthan gum powder was subjected to the same test.

[0226] (Method for preparing solution containing fat and oil)

[0227] Weigh water in a 500 mL stainless steel tube.

[0228] The powder was dispersed while stirring with a TK homogenizer (TKHOMOMIXER MARK2 MODEL2.5, manufactured by PRIMIX Co., Ltd.) After continuing stirring for 3 minutes, commercially available salad oil was added and stirred with a TK homogenizer (room temperature, 7,500 rpm, 5 minutes).

[0229] The mixing ratio of slurry, water and salad oil is adjusted to Figure 5 The blending ratios (mass %) are shown.

[0230] (Evaluation of dispersion stability of oils and fats)

[0231] The mixture was filled in a beverage bottle and left to stand at room temperature for 7 days. The separation state of the water layer and the oil layer was evaluated by visual observation and photographing.

[0232] The case where the separation of the water layer and the oil layer could not be visually confirmed was marked as ○, and the case where the separation was confirmed was marked as ×. The results are shown in Figure 5 .

[0233] like Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that the powders of Examples 4 and 5 have excellent dispersion stability to fats and oils in aqueous solution. In contrast, xanthan gum (Comparative Example 5), which is a common thickener, has no dispersion stability to fats and oils in aqueous solution.

[0234] [Test Example 13 (Dehydration Inhibition Effect)]

[0235] The dehydration inhibitory effect test was conducted on the powders obtained in Examples 4 and 5 and the control example to which these powders were not added by the following method.

[0236] (Dehydration inhibition effect test)

[0237] 10 g of commercially available salad oil was placed in a frying pan and heated for 1 minute on a tabletop IH heater over medium heat. 250 g of bean sprouts and 0.75 g of powder (0.3% by weight relative to the bean sprouts) were then added and stir-fried for 4 minutes. 2.5 g of salt was then added and stir-fried for 1 minute. The heated bean sprouts were placed on a plate and cooled, and stored at 4°C for 24 hours.

[0238] Thereafter, the plate was taken out from the refrigerator, unrolled, and fixed at an inclined angle of 10 degrees. The amount of dehydration after standing for 15 minutes was collected using a glass pipette and measured by weight using an electronic balance.

[0239] (Evaluation of dehydration inhibitory effect)

[0240] The dehydration inhibitory effect was evaluated as "○" when the amount of dehydration after 24 hours was less than 0.5 g, and as "×" when it was 0.5 g or more. The results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0241]

[0242] Table 9

[0243] As shown in Table 9, compared with the control example, the powders obtained in Examples 4 and 5 have excellent anti-dehydration effects.

[0244] Industrial Applicability

[0245] According to the present invention, a hydrocolloid and mushroom powder without residual fiber feeling can be prepared by using mushrooms as raw materials, and the hydrocolloid and mushroom powder can be used as a thickener, a dispersing stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

Claims

1. A method for producing a hydrocolloid using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that: include: The grinding step is to grind the mushrooms by compression, shearing and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution.

2. A method for producing a hydrocolloid using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that: include: A coarse crushing step of coarsely crushing the mushrooms; as well as The grinding step is to grind the mushrooms roughly ground in the roughly grinding step by compression, shearing and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution.

3. The method for producing a hydrocolloid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrocolloid is used as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

4. The method for producing a hydrocolloid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mushrooms are one or more selected from the group consisting of Auricularia auricula, Nameko, Grifola frondosa, Oyster mushroom, Agaricus edulis, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Hydrangea pubescens, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Tremella fuciformis, Trametes versicolor, Schizophora protozoa, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus blazei and Tricholoma matsutake.

5. The method for producing a hydrocolloid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the grinding step is performed using a mortar grinder.

6. A method for producing mushroom powder using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that: include: a grinding step of grinding the mushrooms by compression, shearing and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution; as well as The drying and pulverizing step is to dry and pulverize the slurry of mushroom solution ground in the pulverizing step.

7. A method for producing mushroom powder using mushrooms as raw materials, characterized in that: include: A coarse crushing step of coarsely crushing the mushrooms; a grinding step of grinding the mushrooms coarsely ground in the coarse grinding step by compression, shearing, and friction to prepare a slurry-like mushroom solution; and The drying and pulverizing step is to dry and pulverize the slurry of mushroom solution ground in the pulverizing step.

8. The method for producing mushroom powder according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the mushroom powder is used as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

9. The method for producing mushroom powder according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the mushrooms are one or more selected from the group consisting of Auricularia auricula, Nameko, Grifola frondosa, Oyster mushroom, Agaricus edulis, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Hydrangea latifolia, Lentinula edodes, Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Tremella fuciformis, Trametes versicolor, Schizosporium protozoum, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus blazei and Matsutake.

10. The method for producing mushroom powder according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the grinding step is performed using a mortar grinder.

11. A hydrocolloid, characterized in that: It is composed of a paste-like mushroom solution, and The average particle size measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer is 500 μm or less. The viscosity measured by the following measurement method is 200 [Pa·s] or more, The precipitation rate of the insoluble residue measured by the following determination method is less than 1%, Viscosity measurement method: Use a viscoelasticity measuring device, parallel plate fixture, shear speed: 0.01-1000[1 / s], temperature: 20°C, Method for determining the precipitation rate of insoluble residue: dilute 1 g of slurry with 59 g of water, centrifuge the diluted sample (10,000×g, 10 minutes, room temperature), use qualitative filter paper No. 101 (maintaining particle size 5μm, manufactured by Advantec) to dry the centrifuged precipitate at room temperature for 1 day, and measure the weight of insoluble residue attached to the filter paper. The ratio of the weight of the insoluble residue to 1 g of slurry is calculated and set as the precipitation rate of the insoluble residue.

12. The hydrocolloid according to claim 11, which is used as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

13. The hydrocolloid according to claim 11 or 12, which is obtained by using one or more selected from the group consisting of Auricularia auricula, Nameko, Grifola frondosa, Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus rubrum, Agaricus edulis, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Hydrangea lappa, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Tremella fuciformis, Trametes versicolor, Schizosporium protozoum, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus blazei and Tricholoma matsutake as raw materials.

14. A mushroom powder, characterized in that: It is a mushroom powder made by drying and powdering a paste-like mushroom solution, and the particles do not pass through a 325-mesh sieve. It can be dispersed and dissolved in water regardless of the temperature. The viscosity measured by the following measurement method is 10 [mPa·s] or more, Viscosity measurement method: Mushroom powder was dispersed and dissolved in water to prepare a 1% by mass dispersion solution, and the viscosity was measured using a viscoelasticity measuring device with a parallel plate fixture, a shear rate of 50 [1 / s], and a temperature of 20°C.

15. The mushroom powder according to claim 14, which is used as a thickener, a dispersion stabilizer, an emulsifier or an anti-dehydration agent.

16. The mushroom powder according to claim 14 or 15, which is obtained by using one or more selected from the group consisting of Auricularia auricula, Nameko, Grifola frondosa, Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus rubrum, Agaricus edulis, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Hydrangea latifolia, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Tremella fuciformis, Trametes versicolor, Schizosporium protozoum, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Agaricus blazei and Tricholoma matsutake as raw materials.

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