Method for reducing interstitial water salinity of mangrove forest planting bottom mud

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for reducing the interstitial water salinity of mangrove forest planting bottom mud, and relates to the technical field of coastal wetland ecological remediation, and the method comprises the following steps: taking a proper amount of low-salinity bottom mud in a mud taking area, and conveying the low-salinity bottom mud to a mud making area; filling the low-salinity bottom mud into the mud making area, and uniformly distributing the low-salinity bottom mud to a proper thickness; cleaning sundries such as bricks and stones in the beach building area; loosening the soil of the beach building area; an internal water channel of the beach building area is communicated with an external water channel, so that the overall soil salinity is reduced, the soil compactness of the beach face of the beach building area is ensured while the water salinity of a substrate gap is reduced, and sludge nutrients are not lost; according to the method for reducing the interstitial water salinity of the mangrove forest planting bottom mud, the interstitial water salinity of the bottom mud can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the fertility and the structure of soil are kept, and it is ensured that mangrove forest seedlings can grow healthily in a low-salinity environment, so that the survival rate of the mangrove forest seedlings is increased, the planting cost is reduced, and restoration and development of a mangrove forest ecological system are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coastal wetland ecological restoration, in particular to a method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting bottom mud. Background Art

[0002] Mangroves grow on the shallows of the land-sea interface and are a special ecosystem that transitions from land to sea. They are mainly distributed in the upper intertidal zones of tropical and subtropical low-energy coasts and can grow in seawater. They have a developed root system and play an important role in maintaining ecological balance and promoting biodiversity.

[0003] However, although mangroves can grow in seawater, the growth of mangrove seedlings will be severely restricted in a high-salinity environment, thus affecting the formation of mangroves. Therefore, a method is needed to effectively reduce the salinity of the interstitial water in the mangrove planting sediment to adapt to the growth of mangrove seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediments. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediments can effectively reduce the salinity of interstitial water in the sediments while maintaining the fertility and structure of the soil, thereby ensuring that mangrove seedlings can grow healthily in a low-salinity environment, thereby improving the survival rate of mangrove seedlings and reducing planting costs, and promoting the recovery and development of the mangrove ecosystem.

[0005] The above-mentioned optimized structure of the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: A method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediments comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mud collection and transportation; Taking an appropriate amount of low-salinity bottom mud in the mud taking area, and transporting the low-salinity bottom mud to the beach building area; Step 2: Fill the bottom mud; Filling the low-salinity bottom mud into the beach construction area so that it is evenly distributed to a suitable thickness; Step 3: Clean up the debris; Cleaning the beach construction area of ​​bricks, stones and other debris; Step 4: Loosen the soil; Loosening the soil in the beach building area; Step 5: Waterway connection; The internal waterway of the beach construction area is connected with the external waterway to reduce the overall soil salinity. While reducing the salinity of the bottom interstitial water, the compactness of the beach surface soil in the beach construction area is ensured to prevent the loss of silt nutrients.

[0006] In some embodiments, in step one, an amphibious excavator is used to extract mud in the mud extraction area, and the low-salinity bottom mud is transported to the beach construction area by means of a relay plate mud or a mud pump to pump mud or a mud barge to transport the mud.

[0007] In some embodiments, in the step 2, the low-salinity sludge is blown into the beach-building area through a suction device and a matching pipeline.

[0008] In some embodiments, in step 2, the water level of the low-salinity sludge is strictly controlled during the process of blowing the low-salinity sludge into the beach building area, and the position of the blowing pipe in the beach building area is continuously changed.

[0009] In some embodiments, the water surface elevation of the blown fill mud water is not higher than 2.2 meters.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the hard soil layer generated at the filling position in the beach construction area is higher than 0.9 meters, the mud is stirred evenly to a low concentration by using a water and land excavator.

[0011] In some embodiments, in step four, the stirring device is inserted deeply into the filled low-salinity sediment to loosen the original soil in the beach construction area and stir and mix it with the low-salinity sediment to achieve a preliminary reduction in the overall soil salinity.

[0012] In some embodiments, in step five, the internal waterway of the beach construction area is connected with the external waterway by excavation or dredging, and lower salinity seawater is introduced for flushing to further reduce the overall soil salinity while ensuring that water nutrients are not lost, thereby providing a suitable soil environment for the growth of mangrove seedlings.

[0013] In some embodiments, the low-salinity sludge is one or more of dredged soil from dredging projects, borrowing areas, and waterway dredging.

[0014] In some embodiments, the process also includes planting mangrove seedlings while lowering the salinity of the interstitial water in the sediment to ensure that the seedlings grow under the adjusted appropriate salinity conditions.

[0015] One or more of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The present invention can effectively reduce the salinity of interstitial water in the sediment by filling low-salinity sediment and introducing low-salinity seawater, while maintaining the fertility and structure of the soil, ensuring that mangrove seedlings can grow healthily in a low-salinity environment, thereby improving the survival rate of mangrove seedlings and reducing planting costs, and promoting the recovery and development of the mangrove ecosystem; and using dredged soil from dredging projects, soil borrowing areas and waterway dredging as low-salinity sediment can achieve waste recycling, reduce waste treatment, and reduce dependence on additional soil resources, thereby reducing planting costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] refer to Figure 1, a method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediments, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mud collection and transportation; Take an appropriate amount of low-salinity sediment in the sediment collection area and transport the low-salinity sediment to the beach construction area.

[0023] In the selected mud-collecting area, an appropriate amount of low-salinity bottom mud is collected by amphibious excavators. The amphibious excavators can be amphibious long-arm excavators to meet the length requirements in the mud-collecting process. These bottom muds can come from dredging projects, soil-collecting areas and dredged soil from waterway dredging, etc. One or more of them can be mixed and used as planting materials to reuse waste and reduce waste treatment. At the same time, it reduces dependence on additional soil resources and reduces planting costs. After collecting mud, the low-salinity bottom mud is transported to the beach construction area by relaying mud, pumping mud with a mud pump or transporting mud by mud barge.

[0024] Step 2: Fill the bottom mud; Fill the beach construction area with low-salinity sludge and distribute it evenly to a suitable thickness.

[0025] By using suction equipment and matching pipelines, low-salinity sludge is evenly blown into the beach construction area. The fluidity of low-salinity sludge can be improved during the blowing process, thereby improving the mixing degree of low-salinity sludge. At the same time, blowing is to spray low-salinity sludge into the air in a mist-like form and fall into the beach construction area. During this process, low-salinity sludge is fully in contact with the air, making the low-salinity sludge rich in oxygen, accelerating the microbial reaction in the low-salinity sludge, thereby improving the fertility of the low-salinity sludge. At the same time, it can increase the coverage area of ​​low-salinity sludge, reduce the volume of low-salinity sludge per unit area, avoid the accumulation of low-salinity sludge during the blowing process, thereby forming a hard soil layer, and then affecting the subsequent reduction of salinity and the production of mangroves; during the blowing process, the water surface elevation of the blowing sludge is strictly controlled, and the water surface elevation of the blowing sludge does not exceed 2.2 meters to ensure the blowing effect. At the same time, by continuously changing the position of the filling pipe mouth in the beach building area, the separation of mud and sand can be avoided, resulting in the local accumulation of low-salinity sludge and the formation of a hard soil layer in the beach building area, and the soil quality can be kept moderate, ensuring that the mud quality in the beach building area meets the requirements and the thickness is up to standard. When a hard soil layer higher than 0.9 meters is produced at the filling position, the mud can be evenly stirred to a low concentration by a long-arm excavator on land and water, which can break up and separate the hard soil layer and mix it with the low-salinity sludge to improve the overall uniformity.

[0026] Step 3: Clean up the debris; Clean up debris such as bricks and stones in the beach construction area; The beach construction area is cleaned thoroughly and carefully by manual or mechanical means to remove all bricks, stones and other debris that may affect the integrity of the soil structure and the ecological balance. This can provide a clean and undisturbed initial environment for subsequent soil treatment and ecological construction, and avoid the impact of debris on the subsequent growth of mangrove seedlings.

[0027] Step 4: Loosen the soil; Loosen the soil in the beach construction area.

[0028] In order to promote the integration of low-salinity sediment and the original soil in the beach construction area, and to prepare for the subsequent waterway interconnection and salinity regulation, a stirring device can be used to penetrate into the filled low-salinity sediment to loosen the original soil in the beach construction area and fully mix the two through stirring. This process not only helps to initially reduce the overall soil salinity, but also enhances the permeability and fertility of the soil, laying a good foundation for subsequent ecological restoration. The stirring device can be a sludge solidification mixer, which can be installed on a long-arm excavator on land and water to penetrate into the low-salinity sediment. Through rotation, the original soil in the beach construction area is loosened and fully mixed with the low-salinity sediment, forming a mixed layer above the original soil in the beach construction area, reducing the impact of salt in the original soil on the salinity of the low-salinity sediment, ensuring the growth environment of mangrove seedlings, and adjusting the water in the soil structure by controlling the stirring depth and frequency, so as to better adjust the compactness of the soil and provide a better growth environment.

[0029] In some embodiments, an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer or microbial agent may be added during the stirring process to promote the uniform distribution of the additive in the soil, so as to further improve soil fertility and biodiversity and create more favorable conditions for the growth of vegetation such as mangroves.

[0030] Step 5: Waterway connection; Connecting the internal waterway of the beach construction area with the external waterway can reduce the overall soil salinity. While reducing the salinity of the bottom soil interstitial water, it can ensure the compactness of the beach surface soil in the beach construction area and prevent the loss of silt nutrients.

[0031] By digging or dredging, the internal waterway of the beach construction area is effectively connected with the external waterway, so as to introduce low-salinity seawater and make it flow along the internal waterway of the beach construction area, so as to flush the loosened and mixed soil, further improve the uniformity of soil distribution in the beach construction area, and at the same time, the flow of natural water bodies and the self-exchange capacity between high-concentration liquid and low-concentration liquid can be used to accelerate the dilution of soil salt, further reduce the overall soil salinity, and ensure that the nutrients in the water are retained and not lost, so as to provide suitable soil conditions for the growth of vegetation such as mangroves. During the flushing process, the water flow rate and flushing time can be controlled to ensure the retention of water nutrients and the compactness of the beach surface soil.

[0032] By loosening the soil and connecting the waterways, three salinity zones can be formed from top to bottom in the beach-building area, namely, the high-salinity zone of the original soil in the beach-building area, the medium-salinity zone formed by sufficient mixing of the soil with the low-salinity sediment after loosening, and the low-salinity zone formed by the low-salinity sediment and the low-salinity seawater, thereby making the beach-building area suitable for the growth of mangroves. After planting mangroves, the salt in the planting soil is absorbed through the salt-secreting function of the mangroves, and the salt spontaneously flows from the high-concentration solution to the low-concentration solution, so that the salinity in the planting soil where the mangroves are located is maintained within a certain dynamic equilibrium range, thereby achieving the predictability and controllability of mangrove growth.

[0033] In some embodiments, while reducing the salinity of the interstitial water in the bottom mud, the planting of mangrove seedlings can be carried out simultaneously to ensure that the seedlings grow under the adjusted suitable salinity conditions to improve their survival rate and growth rate, ensure that nutrients in the water are not lost, and at the same time, the salt content in the soil can be further reduced through the salt secretion function of mangroves, thereby achieving ecological restoration and sustainable development of the beach construction area.

[0034] The specific working principle of the present invention is as follows: In the selected mud-collecting area, an appropriate amount of low-salinity bottom mud is collected by amphibious excavators. After collecting the mud, the low-salinity bottom mud is transported to the beach-building area by means of relay mud pumping, mud pumping or mud barge transportation. The low-salinity bottom mud is evenly blown into the beach-building area using suction equipment and pipelines. During the blowing and filling process, the water surface elevation of the blown and filled mud is strictly controlled to ensure the blowing and filling effect. The position of the blowing and filling pipe mouth is changed continuously to avoid mud and sand separation, local accumulation and formation of hard soil layers. When a hard soil layer higher than 0.9 meters is produced, an amphibious long-arm excavator is used to mix the mud evenly to improve the overall uniformity. The initial reduction of the salinity of the interstitial water in the mud is achieved through the self-exchange of salt between the low-salinity bottom mud and the original soil in the beach-building area. After the filling is completed, the bricks, stones and other debris in the beach construction area are completely cleaned up by manual or mechanical means to provide a clean and undisturbed initial environment for subsequent soil treatment and ecological construction. The stirring device is used to penetrate into the filled low-salinity bottom mud to loosen the original soil in the beach construction area and mix the two thoroughly through stirring. By controlling the stirring depth and frequency, the moisture in the soil structure is adjusted to provide a better growth environment. The internal waterway of the beach construction area is connected with the external waterway through excavation or dredging, so as to introduce low-salinity seawater for flushing. The flow and exchange capacity of natural water bodies is used to accelerate the dilution of soil salt, further reduce the overall soil salinity, ensure the compactness of the beach soil, and retain the nutrients of the silt, thereby achieving the reduction of the salinity of the interstitial water in the mangrove planting mud.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediments, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Mud collection and transportation; Taking an appropriate amount of low-salinity bottom mud in the mud taking area, and transporting the low-salinity bottom mud to the beach building area; Step 2: Fill the bottom mud; Filling the low-salinity bottom mud into the beach construction area so that it is evenly distributed to a suitable thickness; Step 3: Clean up the debris; Cleaning the beach construction area of ​​bricks, stones and other debris; Step 4: Loosen the soil; Loosening the soil in the beach building area; Step 5: Waterway connection; The internal waterway of the beach construction area is connected with the external waterway to reduce the overall soil salinity. While reducing the salinity of the bottom interstitial water, the compactness of the beach surface soil in the beach construction area is ensured to prevent the loss of silt nutrients.

2. A method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, mud is collected in the mud collecting area by using an amphibious excavator, and the low-salinity bottom mud is transported to the beach building area by means of a mud relay or mud pump or mud barge transportation.

3. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the low-salinity sludge is blown into the beach-building area through a suction device and a matching pipeline.

4. A method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 2, the water level of the filled mud is strictly controlled during the process of blowing the low-salinity bottom mud into the beach building area, and the position of the blowing pipe in the beach building area is continuously changed.

5. A method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water surface elevation of the blown fill mud water is not higher than 2.2 meters.

6. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the hard soil layer generated at the filling position in the beach construction area is higher than 0.9 meters, the mud is stirred evenly to a low concentration by using a water and land excavator.

7. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the stirring device is deeply inserted into the filled low-salinity sediment to loosen the original soil in the beach construction area and stir and mix it with the low-salinity sediment to achieve a preliminary reduction in the overall soil salinity.

8. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the internal waterway of the beach construction area is connected with the external waterway by excavation or dredging, and lower-salinity seawater is introduced for flushing to further reduce the overall soil salinity while ensuring that water nutrients are not lost, thereby providing a suitable soil environment for the growth of mangrove seedlings.

9. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-salinity sludge is one or more of dredged soil from dredging projects, earth-boring areas and waterway dredging.

10. The method for reducing the salinity of interstitial water in mangrove planting sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes planting mangrove seedlings simultaneously with reducing the salinity of the interstitial water in the bottom mud to ensure that the seedlings grow under the adjusted suitable salinity conditions.

Images