Culture medium for promoting growth of lucid ganoderma and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture medium for promoting growth of lucid ganoderma and a preparation method of the culture medium, and belongs to the technical field of plant culture. The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-26 parts of sawdust, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 15-25 parts of nutshells, 8-15 parts of sunflower head powder, 1-3 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate. The invention also provides a ganoderma lucidum cultivation method. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials of the cultivation medium, adjusting the water content and the pH value, sterilizing, preparing into mushroom sticks, inoculating ganoderma lucidum mycelia on the mushroom sticks, and culturing to obtain ganoderma lucidum. By optimizing the components of the culture medium, the growth speed of the lucid ganoderma is remarkably increased. The scheme is easy and convenient to operate, low in cost and suitable for large-scale application and popularization, and sustainable development of the ganoderma lucidum industry is promoted by increasing the yield of ganoderma lucidum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a cultivation medium for promoting the growth of ganoderma lucidum and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma Lucidum Karst, also known as Lingcao and Shencao, is a precious medicinal fungus with a long history of application. According to the "Shennong Bencao Jing", Ganoderma Lucidum is listed as a top-grade product with multiple functions such as replenishing qi and calming the mind, relieving cough and relieving asthma. In recent years, with the improvement of people's health awareness and the deepening of scientific research on the efficacy of Ganoderma Lucidum, the market demand for high-quality Ganoderma Lucidum products has been growing.

[0003] Ganoderma contains a variety of bioactive ingredients, such as polysaccharides, triterpenoids, proteins, amino acids, trace elements, etc. These ingredients give Ganoderma a wide range of pharmacological effects, including immunomodulation, anti-tumor, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, etc. Therefore, Ganoderma not only occupies an important position in traditional Chinese medicine, but is also favored in modern medicine and the health care products industry. However, there are many problems with the traditional Ganoderma cultivation method: traditional cultivation substrates usually use a single or simple mixed material, such as sawdust and bran, which limits the growth rate and yield of Ganoderma; some traditional cultivation substrates use non-renewable resources, such as sawdust from specific tree species, and long-term and large-scale use will lead to resource depletion and ecological damage; in addition, traditional cultivation substrates often use corn flour as raw material, and corn flour is a food crop. Using it to cultivate edible fungi has the disadvantage of food waste.

[0004] In order to solve these problems, it is particularly important to develop a new type of cultivation matrix that is cost-saving and can effectively promote the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, which will help promote the development of the Ganoderma lucidum industry, meet market demand, and provide consumers with higher quality Ganoderma lucidum products. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation substrate for promoting the growth of ganoderma lucidum and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the above problems in the prior art. The cultivation substrate provided by the present invention significantly increases the growth rate of ganoderma lucidum.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] Technical solution 1: A cultivation medium for promoting the growth of ganoderma lucidum, comprising, by weight: 20-26 parts of sawdust, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 15-25 parts of nut shells, 8-15 parts of sunflower disc powder, 1-3 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of superphosphate.

[0008] The cultivation medium of the present invention does not add traditional wood chips, but uses sawdust instead, because sawdust can absorb and retain moisture better than wood chips when cultivating ganoderma lucidum, which is very important for the rapid growth of ganoderma lucidum, and ganoderma lucidum needs a relatively moist environment to promote the growth of mycelium and the formation of fruiting bodies. Although sawdust particles are smaller than wood chips, nut shells are added to the cultivation medium of the present invention, and appropriate air permeability can be maintained through reasonable allocation. And the present invention can provide a moist and ventilated growth environment for ganoderma lucidum by controlling the humidity and density of sawdust. In addition, sawdust, as a byproduct of wood processing, is relatively low in price and easy to obtain.

[0009] Furthermore, the components include, by weight: 24 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of rice bran, 20 parts of nut shells, 10 parts of sunflower disc powder, 1 part of gypsum powder and 2 parts of superphosphate.

[0010] Furthermore, the size of the nut shell is 1 cm×1 cm.

[0011] Nutshells are derived from Yunnan nuts (Macadamia), also known as macadamia nuts and macadamia nuts, belonging to the Proteaceae family, and are evergreen tall trees that do not fall leaves all year round, native to Australia. The main components of nutshells are cellulose and lignin, wherein the carbon content is high and the ash content is low, and the nutshells are hard in texture, widely available, and low in cost. At present, most of the nutshells are discarded, which wastes resources and pollutes the environment. The present invention uses them to prepare the cultivation medium of Ganoderma lucidum, which can achieve the purpose of waste recycling.

[0012] Furthermore, the sunflower disc powder is prepared by crushing the sunflower disc and passing it through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the powder.

[0013] Sunflower disk powder (powder ground from sunflower disks) is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, and its complex carbohydrates can be decomposed and utilized by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to promote its growth; sunflower disk powder contains a certain amount of protein and amino acids, which can provide Ganoderma lucidum with the necessary nitrogen source; sunflower disk powder also has a certain water retention capacity, which can help maintain the appropriate humidity in the cultivation medium, avoid excessive evaporation of water, and ensure the water supply required for Ganoderma lucidum growth. In addition, sunflower disk powder is a kind of agricultural waste. Using it for Ganoderma lucidum cultivation can realize the recycling of resources and reduce the pollution of agricultural waste to the environment. Using sunflower disk powder as part of the cultivation medium is in line with the concept of sustainable development and helps promote the development of green agriculture.

[0014] Technical Solution 2: The method for preparing the cultivation matrix comprises the following steps: mixing the components according to weight proportions, adjusting the water content and pH value, and performing sterilization to obtain the cultivation matrix.

[0015] Furthermore, the water content is 60% and the pH value is 7.

[0016] Technical solution three: A method for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum, comprising the following steps: mixing the components according to weight proportions, adjusting the water content and pH value, sterilizing to prepare mushroom sticks, inoculating Ganoderma lucidum mycelium on the mushroom sticks, and cultivating the Ganoderma lucidum.

[0017] Preferably, the culture condition is to culture at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 70%.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom diameter of the mushroom stick is 20 cm.

[0019] Furthermore, the water content is 60% and the pH value is 7.

[0020] Furthermore, the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium is a liquid strain.

[0021] Preferably, the inoculated volume is 28 mL.

[0022] Furthermore, the sterilization treatment is performed at 100° C. for 2 hours.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a cultivation matrix for promoting the growth of ganoderma lucidum, wherein sawdust and sunflower flour provide the main carbon source and structural support; rice bran provides an additional carbon source and a small amount of nitrogen source; nut shells increase the air permeability and water retention of the matrix; sunflower flour can also supplement a variety of nutrients and improve the physical properties of the matrix; sunflower flour is mixed with other raw materials to optimize the comprehensive performance of the cultivation matrix; gypsum powder and superphosphate adjust the pH value and provide minerals. The cultivation matrix provided by the present invention can significantly increase the growth rate of ganoderma lucidum, and the scheme is simple to operate, low in cost, suitable for large-scale promotion and application, and promotes the sustainable development of the ganoderma lucidum industry by increasing the yield of ganoderma lucidum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0027] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0029] Example 1 A method for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum

[0030] 1. Raw material pretreatment: After the sunflower disk is crushed, it is passed through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain sunflower disk powder; the nut shell is crushed into 1×1 cm size;

[0031] 2. Mixing materials to form mushroom sticks: Mix 24 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of rice bran, 20 parts of nut shells, 10 parts of sunflower disk powder, 1 part of gypsum powder and 2 parts of superphosphate according to weight; stir for 10 minutes, adjust the water content to 60%, and adjust the pH to 7; mix the materials to form mushroom sticks, the bottom diameter of the mushroom sticks is 20 cm, and the height is 30 cm;

[0032] 3. Sterilization: sterilize the bacteria sticks at 100℃ for 2h;

[0033] 4. Inoculation: After sterilization, cool the sterilized bacteria sticks naturally, and inoculate the liquid bacteria (Ganoderma mycelium) in a positive pressure, sterile, 19°C environment with an inoculation volume of 28 mL;

[0034] 5. Cultivate fruiting bodies: maintain the culture temperature at 25°C, ventilation (2500CO2), and humidity at 70% until fruiting bodies appear.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Compared with Example 1, the cultivation substrate components of this example are: 20 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of nut shells, 8 parts of sunflower disk powder, 2 parts of gypsum powder and 1 part of superphosphate in terms of weight. The remaining steps are the same.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] Compared with Example 1, the cultivation substrate components of this example are: 26 parts of sawdust, 25 parts of rice bran, 25 parts of nut shells, 15 parts of sunflower disk powder, 3 parts of gypsum powder and 3 parts of superphosphate in terms of weight. The remaining steps are the same.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] Compared with Example 1, the cultivation substrate components of this comparative example are: 30 parts of sawdust, 27 parts of rice bran, 14 parts of nut shells, 20 parts of sunflower disk powder, 0.5 parts of gypsum powder and 4 parts of superphosphate in terms of weight. The remaining steps are the same.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] Compared with Example 1, the cultivation substrate components of this comparative example are: 24 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of bran, 20 parts of nut shells, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of gypsum powder and 2 parts of superphosphate in terms of weight. The remaining steps are the same.

[0043] Comparative Example 3

[0044] Compared with Example 1, the cultivation substrate components of this comparative example are: 34 parts of sawdust, 30 parts of rice bran, 10 parts of sunflower disk powder, 1 part of gypsum powder and 2 parts of superphosphate in terms of weight. The remaining steps are the same.

[0045] Comparative Example 4

[0046] Compared with Example 1, the cultivation substrate components of this comparative example are: 24 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of rice bran, 20 parts of nut shells, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of gypsum powder and 2 parts of superphosphate in terms of weight. The remaining steps are the same.

[0047] The cultivation substrates of each treatment group of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were inoculated and cultured in the same environment, and the time for mycelium to fill the bag and the time for fruiting bodies to grow were counted, that is, the growth of Ganoderma lucidum was counted. The statistical results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0048] Table 1 Comparison of the growth of Ganoderma lucidum in each treatment group

[0049] Mycelium full bag time (d) Time to fruiting body (d) Example 1 24 34 Example 2 25 36 Example 3 26 37 Comparative Example 1 31 46 Comparative Example 2 36 52 Comparative Example 3 34 46 Comparative Example 4 32 43

[0050] From the data results in Table 1, it can be seen that the cultivation substrates provided in Examples 1-3, compared with the cultivation substrates (wood chips, bran and corn flour) of traditional wood chips in Comparative Example 2, have achieved the beneficial effect of promoting the growth of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium. Compared with the cultivation substrate effect of Comparative Example 3 without adding nut shells, the growth rate of Ganoderma lucidum cultured in the cultivation substrates provided in Examples 1-3 is significantly faster. Comparative Example 4 is an implementation scheme in which sunflower disk powder is replaced with conventional corn flour. From the comparison results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the addition of sunflower disk powder improves the cultivation effect of the cultivation medium.

[0051] In summary, in the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum, the present invention provides a cultivation matrix that promotes the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, and utilizes waste sawdust, rice bran, a by-product of deep processing of food, waste nut shells and sunflower disc powder to replace traditional wood chips, bran and corn flour, thereby effectively improving the recycling rate of various raw materials, turning waste into treasure, reducing the cultivation cost of edible fungi, and significantly increasing economic benefits. At the same time, it also achieves the technical effect of increasing the growth rate of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0052] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation medium for promoting the growth of Ganoderma lucidum, characterized in that: The components include, by weight: 20-26 parts of sawdust, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 15-25 parts of nut shells, 8-15 parts of sunflower disc powder, 1-3 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of superphosphate.

2. The cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that The components include, by weight: 24 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of rice bran, 20 parts of nut shells, 10 parts of sunflower disc powder, 1 part of gypsum powder and 2 parts of superphosphate.

3. The cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that The nut shell has a size of 1 cm×1 cm.

4. The cultivation medium according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the sunflower disc powder is as follows: the sunflower disc is crushed and then passed through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the powder.

5. The method for preparing the cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The components are mixed according to weight proportions, the water content and pH value are adjusted, and sterilization is performed to obtain the cultivation medium.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water content is 60% and the pH value is 7.

7. A method for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the cultivation substrate according to claim 1 according to weight proportions, adjusting the water content and pH value, sterilizing the mixture to prepare mushroom sticks, inoculating Ganoderma lucidum mycelium on the mushroom sticks, and cultivating the Ganoderma lucidum.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water content is 60% and the pH value is 7.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ganoderma mycelium is a liquid strain.

10. The cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sterilization treatment is performed at 100° C. for 2 h.