A smart sprinkler irrigation system and its control method

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system and its control method, which includes a mobile handcart (1), a water storage tank (2), a variable frequency water pump (3), an inlet solenoid valve (4), a first solenoid valve (5), a second solenoid valve (6), a liquid level sensor (7), a storage tank (8), a third solenoid valve (9), a first quick-connect connector (10), a first pressure sensor (11), a flow sensor (12), a tree-shaped sprinkler device, and a control system. The tree-shaped sprinkler device includes a mobile cart (13), a main pipeline (14), a nozzle (15), a second quick-connect connector (16), a fourth solenoid valve (17), a second pressure sensor (18), and a battery (19). This invention realizes unified, intelligent, and automated sprinkler irrigation for edible fungi on multi-layer cultivation beds, with high precision and efficiency. It can improve the stability of the pump output pressure and flow rate, and improve the pump's anti-cavitation performance, thereby improving the pump's operational stability and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of edible fungi (mushroom) cultivation technology, specifically to an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing sprinkler irrigation systems for edible fungi (mushrooms) include a portable handcart, water tank, water pump, solenoid valve, pressure sensor, flow sensor, liquid storage tank, and controller. However, existing sprinkler irrigation systems still suffer from low levels of intelligence and automation, low precision, and the need for further improvement in sprinkler irrigation efficiency. Existing water pumps also exhibit problems such as unstable output pressure and flow, poor cavitation resistance, and the need for further improvement in hydraulic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system and its control method. This system solves the problem of the lack of intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation in the current cultivation of edible fungi (mushrooms). It achieves unified, intelligent, and automated sprinkler irrigation for edible fungi on multi-layer cultivation beds, resulting in high precision, high efficiency, and savings in fertilizers and pesticides. Through improved design of the diffuser of the variable frequency water pump, specifically the improved tail edges of the first and second guide vanes, the system can increase the pump's output pressure, improve the stability of the output pressure and flow rate, enhance the pump's anti-cavitation performance, improve the pump's operating stability and hydraulic efficiency, thereby extending the pump's service life.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A smart sprinkler irrigation system includes a mobile handcart (1), a water storage tank (2), a variable frequency water pump (3), an inlet solenoid valve (4), a first solenoid valve (5), a second solenoid valve (6), a liquid level sensor (7), a storage tank (8), a third solenoid valve (9), a first quick-connect coupling (10), a first pressure sensor (11), a flow sensor (12), a tree-shaped sprinkler device, and a control system. The water storage tank, the variable frequency water pump, and the storage tank are mounted on the mobile handcart. One end of the inlet solenoid valve is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to the water storage tank. A liquid level sensor is installed inside the water storage tank. The system includes a first solenoid valve connected at one end to a water storage tank and at the other end to a variable frequency water pump. The upstream end of the second solenoid valve is connected to the outlet pipe of the variable frequency water pump, and the downstream end is connected to the upper part of the water storage tank. A flow sensor is connected to the upstream pipeline between the storage tank and the variable frequency water pump. A first pressure sensor is installed on the storage tank. A third solenoid valve is installed on the downstream pipeline of the storage tank, and a first quick-connect fitting is connected to the end of the downstream pipeline. The first quick-connect fitting is connected to the tree-shaped sprinkler device. The control system includes a PLC controller and a touch screen. The control system is electrically connected to each solenoid valve, variable frequency water pump, and sensor.

[0006] Furthermore, the tree-shaped sprinkler device includes a mobile cart (13), a main pipe (14), a nozzle (15), a second quick-connect connector (16), a fourth solenoid valve (17), a second pressure sensor (18), and a battery (19). The main pipe and the battery are mounted on the mobile cart. The second pressure sensor is connected to the main pipe. The upstream end of the main pipe is connected to the second quick-connect connector, which is used to connect with the first quick-connect connector. Multiple branch pipes are connected to the main pipe in parallel. The fourth solenoid valve is connected to each branch pipe. Multiple nozzles are connected to each branch pipe, and the multiple nozzles are arranged side by side.

[0007] A control method for an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system, comprising:

[0008] (a) The water level in the water storage tank (2) is controlled by adjusting the water inlet solenoid valve (4). The PLC controller detects the water level in the water storage tank through the liquid level sensor. The liquid level data is pre-entered into the PLC controller through the touch screen. The PLC controller compares the detected liquid level with the pre-set liquid level, thereby controlling the water inlet solenoid valve to maintain the liquid level in the water storage tank within a certain range. The water inlet solenoid valve is connected to the tap water pipe.

[0009] (b) Water and / or fertilizer and / or pesticide mixing control: Fertilizer or pesticide is added to the water storage tank (2) in advance. After selecting the pesticide and / or fertilizer mixing control function on the touch screen, the PLC controller outputs a control signal to open the first solenoid valve (5) and the second solenoid valve (6), and then issues a command to start the frequency converter. The frequency converter drives the frequency pump (3), thereby drawing water from the bottom of the water storage tank and circulating it back to the water storage tank through the first solenoid valve, the frequency pump, and the second solenoid valve, forming water flow and thus driving the full mixing of water, fertilizer and / or pesticide. After the preset time on the touch screen, the control system automatically shuts down, and the water and fertilizer mixing is completed.

[0010] (c) The irrigation hardware connection is as follows: the tree-shaped sprinkler device is connected to the first quick-connect connector through the second quick-connect connector, and the tree-shaped sprinkler device is working on the side of the edible fungus cultivation bed frame.

[0011] The spraying process is as follows: the desired spraying irrigation method is input through the touch screen, then the PLC controller drives the relay to open the first solenoid valve, the PLC controller controls the frequency converter to drive the frequency pump (3), the control system detects the internal pressure of the storage tank (8) through the first pressure sensor (11), when the internal pressure reaches the pressure required for the system to work, the third solenoid valve is opened, the mixed liquid enters the main pipe (14) of the tree-shaped spraying device through the first quick-connect connector and the second quick-connect connector, the pressure in the main pipe is detected by the second pressure sensor, when the pressure meets the conditions, the fourth solenoid valve is opened, the mixed liquid is sprayed out through multiple nozzles (15) to realize the spraying irrigation function.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0013] (d) Constant pressure irrigation / sprinkler control is divided into three control modes: Mode 1 is manual timed mode, Mode 2 is timed and flow-controlled irrigation / sprinkler mode, and Mode 3 is smart irrigation mode.

[0014] (d1) Timed working mode: By designing a continuous time sequence table, the spraying duration and start time are defined. The defined time nodes and spraying durations are different in different growth stages of mushrooms. The spraying operation is completed according to the sequence table throughout the entire mushroom growth cycle. The sequence table is stored in a USB flash drive database. The touch screen reads the data in the USB flash drive database to realize the control of the entire process.

[0015] (d2) Timed and quantitative sprinkler irrigation mode: By designing a continuous time sequence table, the sprinkler operation is defined to start at the required time points. The amount of sprinkler is determined by the flow rate of the system. When the flow rate is greater than or equal to the current preset flow rate, the sprinkler operation ends and waits for the next sprinkler. The amount of sprinkler is preset each time, and the control system works according to the preset of the continuous time sequence table. During the non-operation period, the sprinkler volume can be modified at any time.

[0016] (d3) Intelligent Sprinkler Mode: The spray volume is controlled based on the compost moisture content. First, the water requirement at different stages of the mushroom growth cycle is defined based on the experience of the mushroom growers. The evaporation rate of the compost on the mushroom bed at different growth stages is measured. The following formula is used for calculation: First, define time T1, record the current irrigation amount Q1, and record the current compost moisture content H1. After a period of time T2, record the current compost moisture content H2. The current compost moisture content Q2 = (H1 - H2) × Q1 can then be calculated, and the evaporation rate of the moisture content can also be determined. The calculations were performed using dimensionless numerical values ​​for each parameter. The above method was used to determine the evaporation rate and water consumption at different stages of mushroom growth.

[0017] Furthermore, the humidity detection method includes: measuring and calculating the humidity of the compost on both the outer surface and inside of the mushroom bed compost, with the humidity measurement taken approximately 2 minutes after irrigation; implementing on-demand water supply during the mushroom growth cycle, with the on-demand factors being a combination of four factors: current compost humidity, water consumption, required water volume, and irrigation interval; defining a water supply table for the entire mushroom growth cycle, dividing the mushroom growth into different growth stages and defining different water requirements for each stage; and the sprinkler control includes: implementing according to a time sequence table, first spraying according to preset values, and then, given the known water requirements of the mushrooms in each growth cycle, dividing the entire growth stage into multiple on-demand water supply periods to maintain the optimal humidity of the compost.

[0018] A variable frequency water pump for a smart sprinkler irrigation system, the variable frequency water pump (3) is a centrifugal pump, the centrifugal pump includes a volute (31), a centrifugal impeller (32), a pressure chamber (33), a diffuser (34), a first guide vane (35), and a second guide vane (36), the impeller is rotatably mounted in the volute, the volute includes a pressure chamber, a diffuser is provided between the impeller and the pressure chamber, the diffuser includes multiple first guide vanes, second guide vanes, a first sidewall, and a second sidewall, the multiple first guide vanes and second guide vanes are connected to... Between the first sidewall and the second sidewall; characterized in that: in the circumferential direction, a plurality of first guide vanes and second guide vanes are alternately arranged at intervals, the downstream end of the first guide vane has a first trailing edge (37), the downstream end of the second guide vane has a second trailing edge (38), the first trailing edge and the second trailing edge are inclined relative to the radial surface / radial line, the radial surface / radial line is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the impeller, the major diameter of the first trailing edge is greater than the minor diameter of the second trailing edge, and the major diameter of the second trailing edge is greater than the minor diameter of the first trailing edge.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle of inclination between the first trailing edge (37) and the radial surface / radial line is a, and the angle a = +(54°-74°); the angle of inclination between the second trailing edge (38) and the radial surface / radial line is b, and b = -(58°-78°), where "+ or -" indicates the direction of the angle.

[0020] Furthermore, the radial length occupied by the first trailing edge (37) is 0.2-0.4 times the radial length of the first guide vane (35); the radial length occupied by the second trailing edge (38) is 0.2-0.4 times the radial length of the second guide vane (36).

[0021] Furthermore, in the circumferential direction, along the first rotation direction, the included angle α of the plurality of first trailing edges (37) gradually increases, for example, the included angle α of each first trailing edge (37) is 60°, 62°, 64°, 66°, and 68° respectively; and in the circumferential direction, along the first rotation direction, the included angle b of the plurality of second trailing edges (38) gradually increases, for example, the included angle b of each second trailing edge (38) is 66°, 67°, 68°, 69°, and 70° respectively.

[0022] The present invention discloses an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system and its control method, which solves the problem of the lack of intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation in the existing edible fungi (mushroom) cultivation process. It realizes unified intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation for edible fungi on multi-layer cultivation beds, with high sprinkler irrigation accuracy, high efficiency, and saving fertilizer / pesticides.

[0023] This invention improves the design of the diffuser of a variable frequency water pump, specifically by improving the trailing edge design of the first and second guide vanes. This improves the output pressure of the water pump, enhances the stability of the output pressure and flow rate, improves the pump's anti-cavitation performance, and enhances its operating stability and hydraulic efficiency, thereby extending the pump's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent sprinkler irrigation system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent sprinkler irrigation system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the variable frequency water pump structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the variable frequency water pump of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the diffuser structure of the variable frequency water pump of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Movable handcart; 2. Water tank; 3. Variable frequency water pump; 4. Inlet solenoid valve; 5. First solenoid valve; 6. Second solenoid valve; 7. Liquid level sensor; 8. Storage tank; 9. Third solenoid valve; 10. First quick-connect fitting; 11. First pressure sensor; 12. Flow sensor; 13. Tree-shaped sprinkler mobile cart; 14. Sprinkler irrigation main pipeline; 15. Sprinkler head; 16. Second quick-connect fitting; 17. Fourth solenoid valve; 18. Second pressure sensor; 19. Battery; 31. Volute; 32. Centrifugal impeller; 33. Pressure chamber; 34. Diffuser; 35. First guide vane; 36. Second guide vane; 37. First trailing edge; 38. Second trailing edge. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in a clearer and more complete manner below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts / structures related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Other related parts can be referred to with ordinary design. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0031] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the description of this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-2As shown, an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system includes a mobile handcart 1, a water storage tank 2, a variable frequency water pump 3, an inlet solenoid valve 4, a first solenoid valve 5, a second solenoid valve 6, a liquid level sensor 7, a liquid storage tank 8, a third solenoid valve 9, a first quick-connect coupling 10, a first pressure sensor 11, a flow sensor 12, a tree-shaped sprinkler device, and a control system. The water storage tank 2, the variable frequency water pump 3, and the liquid storage tank 8 are mounted on the mobile handcart 1. One end of the inlet solenoid valve 4 is connected to a water source (tap water), and the other end is connected to the water storage tank 2. The liquid level sensor 7 is installed inside the water storage tank 2. One end of the first solenoid valve 5 is connected to... The water storage tank 2 is connected to the variable frequency water pump 3 at one end. The upstream end of the second solenoid valve 6 is connected to the outlet pipe of the variable frequency water pump 3, and the downstream end is connected to the upper part of the water storage tank 2. A flow sensor 12 is connected to the upstream pipeline between the liquid storage tank 8 and the variable frequency water pump 3. A first pressure sensor 11 is installed on the liquid storage tank 8. A third solenoid valve 9 is installed on the downstream pipeline of the liquid storage tank 8. A first quick-connect connector 10 is connected to the end of the downstream pipeline. The first quick-connect connector 10 is connected to the tree-shaped sprinkler device. The control system includes a PLC controller and a touch screen. The control system is electrically connected to each solenoid valve, the variable frequency water pump 3, and each sensor.

[0034] The tree-shaped sprinkler system includes a mobile cart 13, a main pipe 14, sprinkler heads 15, a second quick-connect connector 16, a fourth solenoid valve 17, a second pressure sensor 18, and a battery 19. The main pipe 14 and the battery 19 are mounted on the mobile cart 13. The second pressure sensor 18 is connected to the main pipe 14. The upstream end of the main pipe 14 is connected to the second quick-connect connector 16, which is used to connect to the first quick-connect connector 10. The main pipe 14 is connected to multiple branch pipes (e.g., 2-8) arranged in parallel. The branch pipes are connected to the fourth solenoid valve 17. Each branch pipe is connected to multiple sprinkler heads 15, which are arranged side by side. The battery 19 serves as a mobile power source for power supply.

[0035] A control method for an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system, comprising:

[0036] (a) The water level in the water storage tank 2 is controlled by adjusting the water inlet solenoid valve 4. The PLC controller detects the water level in the water storage tank 2 through the liquid level sensor 7. The liquid level data is pre-input into the PLC controller through the touch screen. The PLC controller compares the detected liquid level with the pre-set liquid level, thereby controlling the water inlet solenoid valve 4 to maintain the liquid level in the water storage tank 2 within a certain range. The water inlet solenoid valve 4 is connected to the tap water pipe.

[0037] (b) Water and / or fertilizer and / or pesticide mixing control: Fertilizer or pesticide is added to the water storage tank 2 in advance. After selecting the pesticide and / or fertilizer mixing control function on the touch screen, the PLC controller outputs a control signal to open the first solenoid valve 5 and the second solenoid valve 6. Then, it sends a command to start the frequency converter. The frequency converter drives the frequency pump 3, thereby drawing water from the bottom of the water storage tank 2 and circulating it back to the water storage tank 2 through the first solenoid valve 5, the frequency pump 3, and the second solenoid valve 6. This creates water flow, which in turn drives the water, fertilizer and / or pesticide to be fully mixed. After the preset time on the touch screen, the control system automatically shuts down, and the water and fertilizer mixing is completed.

[0038] (c) The irrigation hardware connection is as follows: the tree-shaped sprinkler device is connected to the first quick-connect connector 10 through the second quick-connect connector 16, and the tree-shaped sprinkler device is operated at the side of the edible fungus (mushroom) cultivation bed frame.

[0039] The spraying process is as follows: The desired spraying irrigation method is input via the touch screen. Then, the PLC controller drives the relay to open the first solenoid valve 5. The PLC controller controls the frequency converter to drive the variable frequency water pump 3. The control system detects the internal pressure of the storage tank 8 through the first pressure sensor 11. When the internal pressure reaches the pressure required for system operation, the third solenoid valve 9 is opened. The mixed liquid enters the main pipe 14 of the tree-shaped spraying device through the first quick-connect connector 10 and the second quick-connect connector 16. The pressure in the main pipe 14 is detected by the second pressure sensor 18. When the pressure meets the conditions, the fourth solenoid valve 17 is opened. The mixed liquid is sprayed out through multiple nozzles 15 to realize the spraying irrigation function.

[0040] (d) Constant pressure irrigation / sprinkler control is divided into three control modes: Mode 1 is manual timed mode, Mode 2 is timed and flow-controlled irrigation / sprinkler mode, and Mode 3 is smart irrigation mode.

[0041] (d1) Timed working mode: By designing a continuous time sequence table, the spraying duration and start time are defined. The defined time nodes and spraying durations are different in different growth stages of mushrooms. The spraying operation is completed according to the sequence table throughout the entire mushroom growth cycle. The sequence table is stored in a USB flash drive database. The touch screen reads the data in the USB flash drive database to realize the control of the entire process.

[0042] (d2) Timed and quantitative sprinkler irrigation mode: By designing a continuous time sequence table, the sprinkler operation is defined to start at the required time points. The amount of sprinkler is determined by the flow rate of the system. When the flow rate is greater than or equal to the current preset flow rate, the sprinkler operation ends and waits for the next sprinkler. The amount of sprinkler is preset each time, and the control system works according to the preset of the continuous time sequence table. During the non-operation period, the sprinkler volume can be modified at any time.

[0043] (d3) Intelligent Sprinkler Mode: The spray volume is controlled based on the compost moisture content. First, the water requirement at different stages of the mushroom growth cycle is defined based on the experience of the mushroom growers. The evaporation rate of the compost on the mushroom bed at different growth stages is measured. The following formula is used for calculation: First, define time T1, record the current irrigation amount Q1, and record the current compost moisture content H1. After a period of time T2, record the current compost moisture content H2. The current compost moisture content Q2 = (H1 - H2) × Q1 can then be calculated, and the evaporation rate of the moisture content can also be determined. The calculations were performed using dimensionless numerical values ​​for each parameter. The above method was used to determine the evaporation rate and water consumption at different stages of mushroom growth.

[0044] The humidity detection method includes: measuring and calculating the humidity of the compost on both the outer surface and inside of the mushroom bed compost, with the humidity measurement taken 2 minutes after irrigation; implementing on-demand water supply during the mushroom growth cycle, with the on-demand factors being a combination of four factors: current compost humidity, water consumption, required water volume, and irrigation interval; defining a water supply table for the entire mushroom growth cycle, dividing the mushroom growth into different growth stages and defining different water requirements for each stage.

[0045] The spraying control includes: implementing according to a time sequence table, first spraying according to preset values, and dividing the entire growth stage into multiple time periods for water supply as needed, given that the water requirement of mushrooms in each growth cycle is known, in order to maintain the optimal humidity of compost.

[0046] Example 1: In stage 1, the water requirement is Q. First, a certain amount of water is irrigated and recorded as Q1. The current humidity is recorded as H1. After a time T1, the current humidity H2 is measured. The evaporation rate and water requirement in the current stage can be obtained using the above formula. The number of irrigations and irrigation duration in the current stage can be given based on the total water requirement Q, thereby realizing intelligent irrigation for the entire growth cycle of mushrooms.

[0047] In this invention, a PLC controller is used for calculation and analysis, one or more flow sensors are used for irrigation volume detection / statistics, the PLC controller has a built-in timing function, a touch screen is used for data modification and preset, the PLC controller drives a relay, and the relay drives a solenoid valve to control the opening and closing of the valve, thereby controlling the irrigation process.

[0048] The present invention discloses an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system and its control method, which solves the problem of the lack of intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation in the existing edible fungi (mushroom) cultivation process. It realizes unified intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation for edible fungi on multi-layer cultivation beds, with high sprinkler irrigation accuracy, high efficiency, and saving fertilizer / pesticides.

[0049] like Figure 3-5As shown, a variable frequency water pump for a smart sprinkler irrigation system is disclosed. This variable frequency water pump 3 is a centrifugal pump, comprising a volute 31, a centrifugal impeller 32, a pressure chamber 33, a diffuser 34, first guide vanes 35, and second guide vanes 36. The impeller 32 is rotatably mounted within the volute 31. The volute 31 includes the pressure chamber 33. A diffuser 34 is disposed between the impeller 32 and the pressure chamber 33. The diffuser 34 includes multiple first guide vanes 35, second guide vanes 36, a first sidewall, and a second sidewall. The multiple first guide vanes 35 and second guide vanes 36 are connected between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The pump is characterized in that, in the circumferential direction, the multiple first guide vanes 35 and second guide vanes 36 are alternately arranged at intervals. The downstream end of the first guide vane 35 has a first trailing edge 37, and the downstream end of the second guide vane 36 has a second trailing edge 38. The first trailing edge 37 and the second trailing edge 38 are inclined relative to the radial surface / radial line (e.g., ...). Figure 3-4 As shown), the radial surface / radial line is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the impeller 32, the major diameter of the first trailing edge 37 is greater than the minor diameter of the second trailing edge 38, and the major diameter of the second trailing edge 38 is greater than the minor diameter of the first trailing edge 37.

[0050] Furthermore, the angle of inclination between the first trailing edge 37 and the radial surface / radial line is α, where α = +(58°-70°), preferably 64°; the angle of inclination between the second trailing edge 38 and the radial surface / radial line is b, where b = -(62°-74°), preferably 68°, where "+" or "-" indicates the direction of the angle.

[0051] The radial length occupied by the first trailing edge 37 is 0.25-0.35 times the radial length of the first guide vane 35, preferably 0.3 times; the radial length occupied by the second trailing edge 38 is 0.25-0.35 times the radial length of the second guide vane 36, preferably 0.3 times.

[0052] The present invention discloses a variable frequency water pump for a smart sprinkler irrigation system. Through the improved design of the diffuser 34 of the variable frequency water pump, specifically the improved design of the trailing edges of the first guide vane 35 and the second guide vane 36, the output pressure of the water pump can be increased, the stability of the output pressure and flow rate of the water pump can be improved, the anti-cavitation performance of the water pump can be improved, the operating stability and hydraulic efficiency of the water pump can be improved, thereby increasing the service life of the water pump.

[0053] Furthermore, in the circumferential direction, along the first rotation direction, the included angle α of the plurality of first trailing edge edges 37 gradually increases, for example, the included angle α of each first trailing edge edge 37 is 60°, 62°, 64°, 66°, and 68° respectively; and in the circumferential direction, along the same first rotation direction, the included angle b of the plurality of second trailing edge edges 38 gradually increases, for example, the included angle b of each second trailing edge edge 38 is 64°, 66°, 68°, 70°, and 72° respectively. Through this design, the present invention can further improve the output pressure of the water pump, improve the stability of the water pump output pressure and flow rate, further improve the water pump's anti-cavitation performance, improve the water pump's operating stability and hydraulic efficiency, thereby improving the service life of the water pump.

[0054] The present invention discloses an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system and its control method, which solves the problem of the lack of intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation in the existing edible fungi (mushroom) cultivation process. It realizes unified intelligent and automated sprinkler irrigation for edible fungi on multi-layer cultivation beds, with high sprinkler irrigation accuracy, high efficiency, and saving fertilizer / pesticides.

[0055] The present invention discloses a variable frequency water pump for a smart sprinkler irrigation system. Through the improved design of the diffuser of the variable frequency water pump, specifically the improved design of the trailing edges of the first guide vane and the second guide vane, the pump output pressure can be increased, the stability of the pump output pressure and flow rate can be improved, the pump anti-cavitation performance can be improved, the pump operating stability and hydraulic efficiency can be improved, and thus the service life of the pump can be increased.

[0056] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit the invention. It is understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart sprinkler irrigation system, comprising a mobile handcart (1), a water storage tank (2), a variable frequency water pump (3), an inlet solenoid valve (4), a first solenoid valve (5), a second solenoid valve (6), a liquid level sensor (7), a liquid storage tank (8), a third solenoid valve (9), a first quick-connect coupling (10), a first pressure sensor (11), a flow sensor (12), a tree-shaped sprinkler device, and a control system. The water storage tank, the variable frequency water pump, and the liquid storage tank are mounted on the mobile handcart. One end of the inlet solenoid valve is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to the water storage tank. The water tank is equipped with a level sensor. One end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the water tank and the other end is connected to the variable frequency water pump. The upstream end of the second solenoid valve is connected to the outlet pipe of the variable frequency water pump and the downstream end is connected to the upper part of the water tank. A flow sensor is connected to the upstream pipeline between the storage tank and the variable frequency water pump. A first pressure sensor is installed on the storage tank. A third solenoid valve is installed on the downstream pipeline of the storage tank. The end of the downstream pipeline is connected to a first quick-connect fitting. The first quick-connect fitting is connected to the tree-shaped sprinkler device. The control system includes a PLC controller and a touch screen. The variable frequency water pump (3) is a centrifugal pump, which includes a volute (31), a centrifugal impeller (32), a pressure chamber (33), a diffuser (34), a first guide vane (35), and a second guide vane (36). The impeller is rotatably installed inside the volute. The volute includes a pressure chamber. A diffuser is provided between the impeller and the pressure chamber. The diffuser includes multiple first guide vanes, second guide vanes, a first sidewall, and a second sidewall. The multiple first guide vanes and second guide vanes are connected between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. Its characteristic is that: In the circumferential direction, multiple first guide vanes and second guide vanes are alternately arranged. The downstream end of the first guide vane has a first trailing edge (37), and the downstream end of the second guide vane has a second trailing edge (38). The first trailing edge and the second trailing edge are inclined relative to the radial surface / radial line, which is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the impeller. The major diameter of the first trailing edge is greater than the minor diameter of the second trailing edge, and the major diameter of the second trailing edge is greater than the minor diameter of the first trailing edge. The angle between the first trailing edge (37) and the radial plane / radial line is a, and the angle a = +(54°-74°); the angle between the second trailing edge (38) and the radial plane / radial line is b, and the angle b = -(58°-78°), where "+" or "-" indicates the direction of the angle; The radial length occupied by the first trailing edge (37) is 0.2-0.4 times the radial length of the first guide vane (35); the radial length occupied by the second trailing edge (38) is 0.2-0.4 times the radial length of the second guide vane (36).

2. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tree-shaped sprinkler system includes a mobile cart (13), a main pipe (14), a nozzle (15), a second quick-connect connector (16), a fourth solenoid valve (17), a second pressure sensor (18), and a battery (19). The main pipe and the battery are mounted on the mobile cart. The second pressure sensor is connected to the main pipe. The upstream end of the main pipe is connected to the second quick-connect connector, which is used to connect to the first quick-connect connector. The main pipe is connected to multiple branch pipes arranged in parallel. The branch pipes are connected to the fourth solenoid valve. Each branch pipe is connected to multiple nozzles, which are arranged side by side.

3. A control method for an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system, comprising the intelligent sprinkler irrigation system as described in claim 2, further comprising: (a) The water level in the water storage tank (2) is controlled by adjusting the water inlet solenoid valve (4). The PLC controller detects the water level in the water storage tank through the liquid level sensor. The liquid level data is pre-entered into the PLC controller through the touch screen. The PLC controller compares the detected liquid level with the pre-set liquid level, thereby controlling the water inlet solenoid valve to maintain the liquid level in the water storage tank within a certain range. The water inlet solenoid valve is connected to the tap water pipe. (b) Water and / or fertilizer and / or pesticide mixing control: Fertilizer or pesticide is added to the water storage tank (2) in advance. After selecting the pesticide and / or fertilizer mixing control function on the touch screen, the PLC controller outputs a control signal to open the first solenoid valve (5) and the second solenoid valve (6), and then issues a command to start the frequency converter. The frequency converter drives the frequency pump (3), thereby drawing water from the bottom of the water storage tank and circulating it back to the water storage tank through the first solenoid valve, the frequency pump, and the second solenoid valve, forming water flow and thus driving the full mixing of water, fertilizer and / or pesticide. After the preset time on the touch screen, the control system automatically shuts down, and the water and fertilizer mixing is completed. (c) The irrigation hardware connection is as follows: the tree-shaped sprinkler device is connected to the first quick-connect connector through the second quick-connect connector, and the tree-shaped sprinkler device is working on the side of the edible fungus cultivation bed frame. The spraying process is as follows: the desired spraying irrigation method is input through the touch screen, then the PLC controller drives the relay to open the first solenoid valve, the PLC controller controls the frequency converter to drive the frequency pump (3), the control system detects the internal pressure of the storage tank (8) through the first pressure sensor (11), when the internal pressure reaches the pressure required for the system to work, the third solenoid valve is opened, the mixed liquid enters the main pipe (14) of the tree-shaped spraying device through the first quick-connect connector and the second quick-connect connector, the pressure in the main pipe is detected by the second pressure sensor, when the pressure meets the conditions, the fourth solenoid valve is opened, the mixed liquid is sprayed out through multiple nozzles (15) to realize the spraying irrigation function.

4. The control method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: (d) Constant pressure irrigation / sprinkler control is divided into three control modes: Mode 1 is manual timed mode, Mode 2 is timed and flow-controlled irrigation / sprinkler mode, and Mode 3 is smart irrigation mode. (d1) Timed working mode: By designing a continuous time sequence table, the spraying duration and start time are defined. The defined time nodes and spraying durations are different in different growth stages of mushrooms. The spraying operation is completed according to the sequence table throughout the entire mushroom growth cycle. The sequence table is stored in a USB flash drive database. The touch screen reads the data in the USB flash drive database to realize the control of the entire process. (d2) Timed and quantitative sprinkler irrigation mode: By designing a continuous time sequence table, the sprinkler operation is defined to start at the required time points. The amount of sprinkler is determined by the flow rate of the system. When the flow rate is greater than or equal to the current preset flow rate, the sprinkler operation ends and waits for the next sprinkler cycle. The spray volume is preset each time, and the control system operates according to the preset continuous time sequence. During periods of inactivity, the spray volume can be modified at any time. (d3) Intelligent Sprinkler Mode: The spray volume is controlled based on the compost moisture value. First, the water requirement at different stages of the mushroom growth cycle is defined based on the experience of mushroom growers. The evaporation rate of the compost on the mushroom bed at different growth stages is measured. The following formula is used for calculation: First, define time T1, record the current irrigation amount Q1, and record the current compost moisture H1. After a period of time T2, record the current compost moisture H2. The current compost moisture content Q2 = (H1-H2) × Q1 can be calculated, and the evaporation rate of the moisture content can also be calculated. The numerical values ​​of each parameter are dimensionless in the calculation. At different stages of mushroom growth, the above method is used to obtain the evaporation rate and water consumption at different growth stages.

5. The control method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, in, Humidity detection methods include: measuring and calculating the humidity of the compost on both the outer surface and inside of the mushroom bed compost, with the humidity measured 2 minutes after irrigation as the standard; implementing on-demand water supply throughout the mushroom growth cycle, with the on-demand factors being a combination of four factors: current compost humidity, water consumption, required water volume, and irrigation interval; defining a water supply table for the entire mushroom growth cycle, dividing the mushroom growth cycle into different growth stages and defining different water requirements for each stage; and spray control including: implementing according to a time sequence table, first spraying according to preset values, and then, given the known water requirements of the mushrooms in each growth cycle, dividing the entire growth stage into multiple on-demand water supply periods to maintain optimal compost humidity.

6. The intelligent sprinkler irrigation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the circumferential direction, along the first rotation direction, the included angle α of the inclination of the plurality of first trailing edges (37) gradually increases; and in the circumferential direction, along the first rotation direction, the included angle b of the inclination of the plurality of second trailing edges (38) gradually increases.

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