Biological feed for improving immunity of tilapia mossambica under low-temperature stress and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological feed for improving immunity of tilapia mossambica under low-temperature stress and application, and belongs to the technical field of feeds. The biological feed comprises the following raw materials: a fish feed additive and a base material, the fish feed additive comprises sphingobium griseofulvum (CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) 1.12966), sphingobium similis (Siyang) CGMCC 1.6855 and xylaria aquatica (CGMCC 2.5553). The biological feed can significantly improve the immunity of tilapia mossambica under low temperature stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed, and more specifically to a biological feed for improving the immunity of tilapia under low temperature stress and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an economical fish species, tilapia is widely loved by the public because of its low price, firm and delicious meat and few bones. However, tilapia is difficult to survive the winter, which is one of the drawbacks that limit tilapia farming in the north.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a biological feed that can improve the immunity of tilapia under low temperature stress, so as to enhance the immunity of tilapia in low temperature waters and ensure its survival rate in low temperature waters. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a biological feed for improving the immunity of tilapia under low temperature stress and its application.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fish feed additive, which comprises Sphingobacterium griseoflavine CGMCC 1.12966, Sphingobacterium siyangensis CGMCC 1.6855, and Aquatic Muraco yeast CGMCC 2.5553; the mass ratio of Sphingobacterium griseoflavine, Sphingobacterium siyangensis, and Aquatic Muraco yeast is 1:0.7-1:0.1-0.5.

[0006] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a biological feed capable of improving the immunity of tilapia under low temperature stress, wherein the biological feed comprises the fish feed additive and base material described in the first aspect.

[0007] The base material comprises 45-55 parts of cereal flour, 20-23 parts of fish meal, 16-18 parts of soybean meal, 0.1-0.2 parts of complex vitamins, 0.4-0.6 parts of mycochloridum multi-mineral, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex probiotics and 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium chloride.

[0008] The fish feed additive accounts for 1.5-2.5wt% in the biological feed.

[0009] Preferably, the moisture content in the biological feed should be ≤8wt%.

[0010] Preferably, the biological feed is sealed and packed in plastic bags during storage and stored in a ventilated and cool place.

[0011] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the biological feed described in the second aspect.

[0012] Preferably, when using this feed, the water temperature should be between 14-35°C;

[0013] Preferably, when using this feed, the water temperature should be between 14-20°C.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the biological feed is mixed with a fish feed additive and a base material, and the digestion and absorption capacity of tilapia is improved by using Sphingobacillus griseus, Sphingobacillus siyangensis and aquatic Murak yeast together, thereby improving the feed conversion rate and the activity of digestive enzymes; in addition, Sphingobacillus griseus, aquatic Murak yeast and Sphingobacillus siyangensis can help to increase the activity of serum lysozyme and antioxidant enzymes in serum and liver, thereby improving the immunity of tilapia.

[0015] It is found through experiments that adding the fish feed additive prepared by the present invention into biological feed can significantly improve the immunity of tilapia under low temperature stress. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described by the following examples. It should be understood that the examples of the present invention are only used to illustrate the technical effects of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the examples, the methods used are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0017] Some of the raw materials in the present invention come from the following sources:

[0018] Sphingobacterium griseoflavum CGMCC 1.12966: purchased from CGMCC.

[0019] Sphingobacterium Siyangensis CGMCC 1.6855: purchased from CGMCC.

[0020] Aquatic Yeast CGMCC 2.5553: purchased from CGMCC.

[0021] Grain powder: purchased from Yangzhou Hongda Feed Co., Ltd.

[0022] Fish meal: purchased from Yangzhou Hongda Feed Co., Ltd.

[0023] Soybean meal: purchased from Yangzhou Hongda Feed Co., Ltd.

[0024] Multivitamins: purchased from Henan Xumutong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: Aquatic Multivitamin Type III.

[0025] Compound probiotics: purchased from Qingdao Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Pingdu Branch, item number: FHYBGJ-200.

[0026] Meiqingduo Mineral: purchased from Zhuhai Weinuo Breeding Co., Ltd.

[0027] Sodium chloride: purchased from Yangzhou Hongda Feed Co., Ltd.

[0028] Commercial feed: Haida mixed fish pellet feed, purchased from Guangdong Haida Group Co., Ltd.

[0029] Sphingobacterium sphingomonas: purchased from CGMCC, No.: 1.2839.

[0030] Yeast: purchased from CGMCC, No.: 2.5081.

[0031] The fish species used was Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

[0032] The present invention provides a fish feed additive, the components and mass proportions of which are shown in Table 1.

[0033] Table 1 Components of fish feed additives and their mass ratios

[0034]

[0035] The present invention provides a biological feed, the components and mass percentages of which are shown in Table 2.

[0036] Table 2 Biological feed components and their mass percentages

[0037] Experimental Group Base material / wt% Fish feed additive / wt% serial number Feed 1 98 2 Additive 1 Feed 2 97.5 2.5 Additive 1 Feed 3 98.5 1.5 Additive 1 Feed 4 98 2 Additive 2 Feed 5 98 2 Additive 3 Feed① 98 2 Additives① Feed② 98 2 Additives② Feed ③ 98 2 Additives ③ Feed ④ 98 2 Additives ④ Feed⑤ 98 2 Additives⑤ Feed ⑥ 98 2 Additive ⑥ Blank feed 100 - -

[0038] Note: The base material is composed of the following components by weight: 50 parts of cereal flour, 22 parts of fish meal, 17 parts of soybean meal, 0.2 parts of multivitamins, 0.5 parts of mycochloridum multi-mineral, 1.0 parts of compound probiotics, and 0.2 parts of sodium chloride.

[0039] Biological feed preparation method:

[0040] Mix all the components, stir evenly, seal in a plastic bag, and store in a ventilated and cool place.

[0041] Experiment 1: Effect of biological feed on tilapia weight under different rearing temperatures.

[0042] The aquaculture water and bottom sludge in the aquaculture pond are used to simulate the tilapia aquaculture environment in a controllable laboratory within the range of temperature, humidity, light and dissolved oxygen to avoid distortion of experimental data caused by seasonal, climatic, environmental and other issues.

[0043] 13 controllable simulated aquaculture water bodies were set up respectively, each aquaculture water body was 10 square meters, 1.5 meters deep, with 20-30 cm of bottom mud, 14-20°C temperature, 3-5 mg / L dissolved oxygen, and 30 25-30 g two-month-old fry were put into each water body. Feed was fed according to 5% of the fish weight, four times a day, each feeding time was 1 hour, after feeding for 30 days, fasted for 24 hours, and the weight was measured to calculate the weight gain rate. The feeds used were feeds 1-5, feeds ①-⑥, blank feeds, and commercial feeds; weight gain rate / %=(final average weight-initial average weight) / initial average weight×100%.

[0044] Table 3 Effect of biological feed on tilapia weight at different feeding temperatures

[0045]

[0046] From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that in the water temperature of 14-20°C, the difference in weight gain rate between feeds 1-5 and feeds ①-⑥, blank feed, and commercial feed is significantly increased, indicating that the fish feed additive of the present application has an effect of improving the weight gain rate of tilapia in a low temperature environment, and the weight gain effect has certain advantages over commercial feed.

[0047] 2. Effects of biological feed on antioxidant enzymes and serum indicators in liver and serum of tilapia under low temperature environment.

[0048] Live fish in the test water body were taken for blood drawing and dissection, and the antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver and serum were determined.

[0049] Table 4 Effects of low temperature stress on antioxidant enzymes and serum indexes in liver and serum of tilapia

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Note: SOD (superoxide dismutase) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0053] CAT (catalase) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0054] MDA (malondialdehyde) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0055] GPx (glutathione peroxidase) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0056] ALP (alkaline phosphatase) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0057] ALT (alanine aminotransferase) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0058] AST (aspartate aminotransferase) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0059] LZM (lysozyme) detection kit was purchased from Shanghai ELISA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0060] By comparing the data of feeds 1-5, feeds ①-⑥ and blank feeds, it can be seen that the feed provided by the present invention has a certain effect of improving fish immunity. By comparing the data of feed 1, feeds ①-③ and blank feeds, it can be seen that the gray-yellow Sphingobacillus, Siyang Sphingobacillus and aquatic Murakamidae used in the present invention have a synergistic effect. By comparing feed 1 with feeds ④-⑥, it can be seen that the strains used in the present invention cannot be replaced by conventional strains.

[0061] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A biological feed for improving the immunity of tilapia under low temperature stress, characterized in that: Containing fish feed additives, wherein the amount of the fish feed additive added is 1.5-2.5wt% of the biological feed; The fish feed additive comprises Sphingobacillus griseus CGMCC 1.12966, Sphingobacillus siyangensis CGMCC1.6855, and Aquatic Muraco yeast CGMCC 2.5553, and the mass ratio of Sphingobacillus griseus, Sphingobacillus siyangensis, and Aquatic Muraco yeast is 1:0.7-1:0.1-0.

5.

2. The biological feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a base material.

3. The biological feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base material comprises one or more of cereal flour, fish meal, soybean meal, complex vitamins, mycophenolate moxibustion, complex probiotics and sodium chloride.

4. The biological feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 45-55 parts of cereal flour, 20-23 parts of fish meal, 16-18 parts of soybean meal, 0.1-0.2 parts of complex vitamins, 0.4-0.6 parts of mycochloridum multi-minerals, 0.8-1.2 parts of complex probiotics, and 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium chloride.

5. The biological feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the biological feed is ≤8wt%.

6. The biological feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological feed is sealed and packed in a plastic bag during storage and stored in a ventilated and cool place.

7. An application of the biological feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: When using this biological feed, the water temperature is 14-35℃.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: When using this biological feed, the water temperature is 14-20℃.

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