CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and fire extinguishing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and a fire extinguishing method, and relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing equipment. The CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher comprises a hopper, a temperature controller, a transmission pipeline, a mixing cabin, a gas inlet pipeline and a sprayer, the hopper, the conveying pipeline, the mixing cabin and the sprayer are sequentially connected, the hopper is used for containing particle materials of CO2 hydrate, the temperature controller is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and used for freezing the particle materials in the hopper, an air inlet is formed in the conveying pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is connected to one end of the mixing cabin, and the spraying device is arranged in the mixing cabin. And the gas inlet pipeline is used for introducing high-pressure gas to spray out the particle materials in the mixing cabin from the sprayer in a curtain wall form. According to the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and the fire extinguishing method, the adopted fire extinguishing materials are environmentally friendly in use, secondary pollution cannot be caused, the fire extinguishing efficiency is high, and the fire extinguishing cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing equipment, and in particular to a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and a fire extinguishing method. Background Art

[0002] As summer temperatures gradually rise around the world, large-scale forest or grassland fires inside buildings or in the wild have begun to occur frequently in recent years. However, extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings and forests is currently a global problem. Existing methods are restricted by technical bottlenecks, usage costs, and fire extinguishing agent effectiveness, and cannot fully meet fire extinguishing needs.

[0003] In view of the three essential elements of fire (combustibles, combustion-supporting materials and ignition sources), the corresponding links need to be destroyed when extinguishing a fire. In layman's terms, the burning materials should be moved away, cooled by pouring water, isolated from the air (such as covering with sand or dry powder, foam, etc.), and chemical reactions should be used to suppress them.

[0004] At present, the widely used fire extinguishing agents for fire extinguishing mainly include water, foam fire extinguishing agent, dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent. In the process of using water to extinguish fire, water can absorb a large amount of heat from the fire scene, rapidly reduce the temperature of the burning object, extinguish the flame, and control the fire; foam fire extinguishing agent mainly generates a condensed foam floating layer on the surface of the object, which has a suffocating and cooling effect; carbon dioxide mainly extinguishes fire by reducing the oxygen concentration in the fire space; dry powder fire extinguishing agent mainly effectively inhibits the generation of free radicals in the fire scene and reduces the concentration of free radicals in the flame to force the combustion to stop. However, water, foam fire extinguishing agent, and dry powder fire extinguishing agent cannot quickly cool down the surrounding environment during the use of fire extinguishing. When carbon dioxide is in liquid state, the storage temperature required by itself is relatively low (generally below minus 60°C). When used as a fire extinguishing material, the storage conditions required for liquid carbon dioxide are harsh. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and a fire extinguishing method. The fire extinguishing materials used in the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and the fire extinguishing method are environmentally friendly in use, will not cause secondary pollution, have high fire extinguishing efficiency and low fire extinguishing cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher, the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher comprising a hopper, a temperature controller, a transmission pipeline, a mixing chamber, an air intake pipeline and a sprayer;

[0007] The hopper, transmission pipeline, mixing chamber and sprayer are connected in sequence. The hopper is used to load the granular material of CO2 hydrate. The temperature controller is arranged at the bottom of the hopper. The temperature controller is used to freeze the granular material in the hopper. An air inlet is opened on the transmission pipeline. The air inlet pipeline is connected to one end of the mixing chamber. The air inlet pipeline is used to introduce high-pressure gas to spray the granular material in the mixing chamber from the sprayer in the form of a curtain wall.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the sprayer is a rotating disc type curtain wall sprayer, and a spiral line structure is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating disc type curtain wall sprayer.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the sprayer is a vertical-sweep strip-type sprayer, and vertical strips extending along the spraying direction are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical-sweep strip-type sprayer.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing method, the fire extinguishing method comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1: Preparation of CO2 hydrate granular material;

[0012] S2: Load the granular material into the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher of the aforementioned embodiment and use it for fire extinguishing.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, S1 includes:

[0014] CO2 gas and water are combined to form solid CO2 hydrate, which is then stored in a cold storage;

[0015] The solid CO2 hydrate is crushed into a granular material of CO2 hydrate.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the solid CO2 hydrate is crushed into a particulate material of CO2 hydrate, comprising:

[0017] The solid CO2 hydrate is placed in a cloth material bag, and the solid CO2 hydrate is crushed by physical beating and crushing;

[0018] The crushed solid CO2 hydrate is screened using a porous sieve to obtain a granular material of CO2 hydrate.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, S2 includes:

[0020] Introduce high-pressure gas into the air intake pipe and aim the sprayer at the ignition point to spray the particulate material.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the pressure range of the high-pressure gas is 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa.

[0022] Through the above technical scheme, only a small amount of CO2 gas and water are released during the fire extinguishing process. The fire extinguishing material is environmentally friendly and will not cause secondary pollution. The materials required for synthesis are mainly CO2 and water, and the materials are simple and easy to obtain. During the fire extinguishing process, CO2 hydrate can play a role in all four factors necessary for fire extinguishing: it is spread on the surface of the burning object in solid form to physically isolate it, the hydrate decomposition process absorbs heat violently to cool the fire temperature, and a large number of bubbles are formed during the decomposition process to isolate the combustion agent (such as air). The CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher can efficiently and quickly spray a large number of fine particulate materials outward to effectively reduce the concentration of free radicals during the combustion process.

[0023] With the help of external high-pressure gas, CO2 hydrate can be sprayed out quickly and efficiently, greatly increasing the fire-fighting area of ​​the fire-fighting material, reducing the amount of material input and the cost of fire-fighting; the quickly sprayed fire-fighting material has a high linear movement speed and can directly reach the inner flame part of the fire point, where the fire source temperature is lower, thus avoiding the premature and ineffective decomposition of CO2 hydrate, improving its fire-fighting efficiency, and further reducing the amount of material used and the cost of fire-fighting.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a fire extinguishing method provided in the third embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Icons: 1-hopper; 2-temperature controller; 3-transmission pipeline; 31-air inlet; 4-handle; 5-mixing chamber; 6-air inlet pipeline; 7-sprayer; 8-granular material; 9-high-pressure gas; 10-ignition point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Compared with various existing fire extinguishing agents, CO2 hydrate itself has the inherent advantage of fire extinguishing and will produce a good fire extinguishing effect. In addition, CO2 hydrate has low preparation cost and is environmentally friendly. Its use as a fire extinguishing material belongs to the resource recycling of CO2 gas, which meets the needs of the "dual carbon" policy. CO2 hydrate is a milky white solid compound with an ice-like appearance formed by liquid water and CO2 under low temperature and medium pressure conditions. The formation of hydrates can be achieved in a variety of simple ways. For example, it can be formed in a static porous silica gel powder medium, and can be obtained in a solution by simple methods such as stirring, spraying, and bubbling. Solid CO2 hydrate can strongly absorb heat during the instantaneous and violent decomposition process, and release a large amount of liquid water and CO2 gas. From this perspective, CO2 hydrate, as a new type of fire extinguishing material, can effectively destroy the four necessary links when a fire occurs: the thermal decomposition process can absorb a large amount of heat to cool the fire source; the decomposition process can form a large number of bubbles to effectively isolate the combustibles from oxygen; the decomposition releases a large amount of CO2 gas, which can reduce the oxygen concentration in the space and suffocate the fire; CO2 hydrate itself is a white solid that can be scattered in the fire scene in the form of powder to reduce the concentration of free radicals in the flame.

[0034] First embodiment

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher, which includes a hopper 1, a temperature controller 2, a transmission pipeline 3, a hand-held handle 4, a mixing chamber 5, an air intake pipeline 6 and a sprayer 7.

[0036] Specifically, the hopper 1, the transmission pipeline 3, the mixing chamber 5 and the sprayer 7 are connected in sequence, wherein the hand-held handle 4 is connected to the bottom of the mixing chamber 5, the transmission pipeline 3 can be connected to the mixing chamber 5 through the hand-held handle 4, the hopper 1 is used to load the particulate material 8 of CO2 hydrate, the temperature controller 2 is arranged at the bottom of the hopper 1, the temperature controller 2 is used to freeze the particulate material 8 in the hopper 1, the transmission pipeline 3 is provided with an air inlet 31, the air inlet pipeline 6 is connected to one end of the mixing chamber 5, and the air inlet pipeline 6 is used to pass high-pressure gas 9 to spray the particulate material 8 in the mixing chamber 5 from the sprayer 7 in the form of a curtain wall ( Figure 1 The middle arrow indicates the flow direction of the high pressure gas 9).

[0037] In this embodiment, the sprayer 7 is a rotating disc type curtain wall sprayer, and a spiral line structure is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating disc type curtain wall sprayer.

[0038] Among them, CO2 hydrate refers to a white solid compound formed by CO2 and liquid water under low temperature and certain pressure (≤6MPa) conditions. Its decomposition process will violently release CO2 and water, and violently absorb heat. Therefore, CO2 hydrate has inherent advantages when used as a fire extinguishing material: before decomposition, CO2 hydrate can be spread on the surface of the burning object in solid form to isolate the burning object. The violent heat absorption during the decomposition process of CO2 hydrate can quickly cool the temperature of the fire scene. A large number of bubbles are formed during the decomposition process of CO2 hydrate to isolate the air. When the particulate material 8 of CO2 hydrate is quickly sprayed outward in different ways, a large number of fine hydrate particles will be formed to effectively reduce the concentration of combustion free radicals.

[0039] After the CO2 hydrate is synthesized, it is fully frozen in a cold storage. At this time, the synthesized CO2 hydrate will enter a "self-protection" state under low temperature conditions, that is, it can be stably stored for a long time under normal pressure. Before using CO2 hydrate to extinguish a fire, the stored CO2 hydrate needs to be put into a cloth material bag for physical beating and grinding, and then a porous screen is used to obtain a uniform granular material 8. When using the granular material 8 of CO2 hydrate for fire extinguishing, the screened uniform granular material 8 is quickly sprayed directly onto the fire source and its surroundings through a device similar to a sandblasting gun, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly extinguishing the fire.

[0040] Second embodiment

[0041] Please refer to Figure 2This embodiment provides a CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher, which is different from the first embodiment in that the type of the sprayer 7 is different.

[0042] The sprayer 7 is a vertical-sweep strip sprayer, and vertical strips extending along the spraying direction are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical-sweep strip sprayer, so that triangular CO2 hydrate strips can be sprayed horizontally with the help of high-pressure gas 9, and the fire point 10 can be extinguished by horizontal upward and downward spraying in the vertical direction through the handheld handle 4 of the mobile device.

[0043] Third embodiment

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3 This embodiment provides a fire extinguishing method, which includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: Preparation of CO2 hydrate granular material 8.

[0046] First, CO2 gas and water are combined to form solid CO2 hydrate, which is then stored in a cold storage (above -10°C). Specifically, the solid CO2 hydrate is first placed in a cloth material bag, and the solid CO2 hydrate is crushed by physical beating and crushing; then the crushed solid CO2 hydrate is screened using a porous sieve to obtain a granular material 8 of CO2 hydrate.

[0047] Then, the solid CO 2 hydrate is crushed into a granular material 8 of CO 2 hydrate.

[0048] Since CO2 hydrate will enter a "self-protection" state under negative temperature conditions, it will maintain a stable state without decomposition during the primary crushing of CO2 hydrate.

[0049] S2: The granular material 8 is loaded into the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher of the aforementioned embodiment and used for fire extinguishing.

[0050] Specifically, first, the temperature controller 2 is started to keep the CO2 hydrate and the hopper 1 in a low temperature state so as to freeze the added CO2 hydrate.

[0051] Then, the crushed CO2 hydrate granular material 8 is loaded into the hopper 1. Since the hopper 1 is in a low temperature state, the loaded CO2 hydrate can be frozen without decomposition.

[0052] Next, high-pressure gas 9 is introduced into the air inlet pipe 6, and the sprayer 7 is aimed at the ignition point 10 to spray the particulate material 8. Specifically, the pressure range of the high-pressure gas 9 is 0.5Mpa to 1.5Mpa. When the high-pressure gas 9 passes through the mixing chamber 5 and sprays outward, a negative pressure will be formed in the mixing chamber 5, and the CO2 hydrate in the hopper 1 will be continuously sucked into the mixing chamber 5 through the transmission pipe 3, and the high-pressure gas 9 and the CO2 hydrate will be quickly mixed. After that, the mixture of the high-pressure gas 9 and the CO2 hydrate will be quickly sprayed toward the ignition point 10 in the form of a disc-shaped hydrate curtain wall through the sprayer 7. The sprayed CO2 hydrate will directly sprinkle and cover the ignition point 10 in a high-speed rotating disc shape, and will quickly decompose and release liquid water and CO2 gas under the high temperature conditions around the ignition point 10, thereby quickly and efficiently extinguishing the ignition point 10.

[0053] The technical core of the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and fire extinguishing method provided in this embodiment is:

[0054] It is proposed to use CO2 hydrate, which is easy to obtain and has no secondary pollution risk, as a new type of fire extinguishing agent material. This material will decompose rapidly under normal pressure and high temperature, and can significantly absorb the ambient temperature of the fire scene. CO2 gas can be efficiently trapped in CO2 hydrate, and 1 volume of CO2 hydrate can release 170 volumes of CO2 gas under standard conditions. Therefore, when the powder of CO2 hydrate is quickly sprayed to the fire point 10 by using a device similar to a sandblasting gun, the sprayed hydrate powder is quickly heated under the high temperature condition of the fire point 10 to release CO2 gas and liquid water, and the fire point 10 is quickly extinguished by implementing rapid cooling and suffocation on the fire point 10. In addition, by drawing on the working principle of a high-pressure sandblasting gun, the powder of CO2 hydrate is efficiently sprayed in different forms using high-pressure gas 9, which can further improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of this method, greatly reduce the use of fire extinguishing agent materials, and thus reduce the cost of fire extinguishing operations and excessive consumption of resources.

[0055] The CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher and fire extinguishing method provided in this embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. Drawing on the working principle of a sandblasting gun, the granular material 8 of CO2 hydrate is sprayed directly onto the fire point 10, and then with the help of external high-pressure gas 9, the fire extinguishing material is sprayed directly onto the fire point 10 at a high linear speed to increase the fire extinguishing area of ​​the fire extinguishing material. In addition, combined with the characteristics of CO2 hydrate that it decomposes rapidly under high temperature conditions and thus reduces the ambient temperature, the fire extinguishing efficiency is further improved.

[0057] 2. The structure of the device similar to the sandblasting gun is modified, so that the fire extinguisher proposed in this embodiment can directly spray CO2 hydrate on the fire point 10 in a high-speed rotating disc shape, or extinguish the fire point 10 in a horizontal line upward and downward sweeping manner in a triangular strip shape in the vertical direction.

[0058] 3. Use CO2 hydrate as a new type of fire extinguishing material, making full use of the characteristics of CO2 hydrate decomposition endothermic and the violent release of CO2 and liquid water during the decomposition process, and fully covering the combustibles, combustion aids, fire temperature, and combustion free radicals to achieve the purpose of efficient fire extinguishing.

[0059] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application may be combined with each other.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher, characterized in that: The CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher comprises a hopper (1), a temperature controller (2), a transmission pipeline (3), a mixing chamber (5), an air intake pipeline (6) and a sprayer (7); The hopper (1), the transmission pipeline (3), the mixing chamber (5) and the sprayer (7) are connected in sequence. The hopper (1) is used to load the particulate material (8) of CO2 hydrate. The temperature controller (2) is arranged at the bottom of the hopper (1). The temperature controller (2) is used to freeze the particulate material (8) in the hopper (1). The transmission pipeline (3) is provided with an air inlet (31). The air inlet pipeline (6) is connected to one end of the mixing chamber (5). The air inlet pipeline (6) is used to pass high-pressure gas (9) to spray the particulate material (8) in the mixing chamber (5) from the sprayer (7) in the form of a curtain wall.

2. The CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sprayer (7) is a rotating disc type curtain wall sprayer, and a spiral line structure is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating disc type curtain wall sprayer.

3. The CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sprayer (7) is a vertical-sweep strip-type sprayer, and vertical strips extending along the spraying direction are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical-sweep strip-type sprayer.

4. A fire extinguishing method, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing method comprises the following steps: S1: preparing a particulate material of CO2 hydrate (8); S2: Loading the granular material (8) into the CO2 hydrate water curtain wall fire extinguisher described in claim 1 and using it for fire extinguishing.

5. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: S1 includes: CO2 gas and water are combined to form solid CO2 hydrate, which is then stored in a cold storage; The solid CO2 hydrate is crushed into a granular material of CO2 hydrate (8).

6. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of crushing the solid CO2 hydrate into a particulate material of CO2 hydrate (8) comprises: The solid CO2 hydrate is placed in a cloth material bag, and the solid CO2 hydrate is crushed by physical beating and crushing; The crushed solid CO2 hydrate is screened using a porous sieve to obtain a granular material of CO2 hydrate (8).

7. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 4, characterized in that S2 include: High pressure gas (9) is introduced into the air inlet pipe (6), and the sprayer (7) is aimed at the ignition point (10) to spray the particulate material (8).

8. The fire extinguishing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure range of the high-pressure gas (9) is 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa.

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