Heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reaction kettle for stable reaction
By introducing carbon-based microsphere movable parts and flip feeding devices into heavy oil low-pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactors, the problems of low mass transfer efficiency and poor dispersion of the reactor are solved, and more efficient heavy oil is achieved Low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reaction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411720833.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
In the existing low-pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation technology of heavy oil, the mass transfer efficiency of the reactor is low and the one-way conversion rate is not high, resulting in slow reaction, poor overall dispersion and low coke bearing.
An ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor including a reactor body, a carbon-based microsphere movable piece, a flip feeding device, a stirring mechanism and a suspension collecting device are designed to release the middle section of the material through the transverse circumferential protrusion and the roller. , the carbon-based microsphere movable parts and extended reaction arms are used to increase the material discharge rate and reaction speed, and the flexible feeding is achieved through the flip motor, and the suspension collecting device controls the reaction process.
The mass transfer efficiency, one-way conversion rate and reaction rate are improved, the overall dispersion and coke bearing properties are improved, and a more efficient low-pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reaction of heavy oil is achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119281268A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-low pressure heavy oil, and in particular relates to an ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor for heavy oil with stable reaction. Background Art
[0002] Traditional heavy oil lightening catalysts are mainly based on industrial iron-containing waste or natural iron ore. Due to their large filling volume, low activity, low energy conversion efficiency, severe mechanical wear and other factors, they are facing the situation of being gradually eliminated, such as the red mud catalyst of the German VCC process and the pyrite ore of the Japanese Nedol coal liquefaction process. In recent years, many researchers have developed and studied heavy oil lightening catalysts, and developed and applied two series of catalysts including supported iron-based catalysts and oil-soluble molybdenum-based catalysts. The first type is supported catalysts with silica, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, alumina, etc. as carriers. The second type is oil-soluble molybdenum-based catalysts with cyclopentane acid molybdenum, heteropoly acid molybdenum, fatty acid molybdenum, etc. as active components. For example, solid supported iron-based catalysts have multiple functions. First, the carrier itself can be used as a coke inhibitor to effectively disperse coke precursors, prolong the coke induction period, prevent the fusion and growth of the "second liquid phase", and provide a surface to terminate free radical reactions, terminate the asphaltene free radical condensation reaction, and reduce reaction coke. Second, as a catalyst carrier material, it has a large specific surface area, which is conducive to the high dispersion of active components and improves hydrogenation activity. Third, by utilizing the adsorption characteristics of the carrier, the coke generated by the adsorption reaction and the raw material coke can be taken away at any time to reduce the aggregation of coke. For another example, the oil-soluble molybdenum-based series (including: cyclohexane acid molybdenum-based catalysts, fatty acid molybdenum-based catalysts, heteropolyacid molybdenum-based catalysts, etc.) catalysts have better hydrogenation performance than similar homogeneous catalysts. Under certain process parameters, the size of the MoS2 active phase formed by molybdenum conversion is ≤10nm, and it is dispersed in a single layer. Under the optimal process parameters, it can promote the efficient conversion of inferior raw materials and inhibit coking, and the synergistic effect of catalytic metals and additives can further improve the hydrogenation performance of organic molybdenum. Although the solid supported iron-based catalyst and oil-soluble molybdenum-based catalyst series used in the pilot test can be used for low-pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation of heavy oil to lighten the quality, they all have their own advantages and disadvantages and are difficult to meet the needs of low-pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation of heavy oil.
[0003] However, in the prior art, for the low-pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation technology for heavy oil, the mass transfer efficiency of the reactor is low and the single-pass conversion rate is not high, which leads to slow reaction, poor overall dispersion and low coke bearing capacity. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction, so as to solve the technical problems of low mass transfer efficiency and low single-pass conversion rate, which lead to slow reaction, poor overall dispersibility and low coke bearing capacity, so as to achieve the purpose of improving mass transfer efficiency, improving single-pass conversion rate, improving reaction rate, improving overall dispersibility and improving coke bearing capacity.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction, comprising: A reactor body and a carbon-based microsphere movable part arranged in the reactor body; The reactor body is provided with a turning feeding device; The reactor body is provided with a stirring mechanism to stir the reaction materials in the reactor body; The upper layer inside the reactor body is provided with a suspension collecting device; A transverse circumferential protrusion is arranged in the circumference of the reactor body, a circumferential flow groove is arranged in the circumferential protrusion, a roller is arranged in the circumferential flow groove, the roller slides circumferentially in the circumferential flow groove, a connecting seat is arranged on the roller, a placing dish is arranged on the connecting seat, and a middle-stage material is placed in the placing dish to slowly release the middle-stage material; An extension dish is arranged at one end of the placement dish away from the connection seat, the extension dish is connected to the placement dish, a carbon-based microsphere movable part rolls in the extension dish, and a material delivery gap is opened on the extension dish; The carbon-based microsphere movable part comprises a plurality of microspheres and a plurality of extended reaction arms connected to the spheres, the diameter of the microspheres is larger than the width of the material delivery gap, and the diameter of the extended reaction arms is smaller than the width of the material delivery gap.
[0006] Further, the circumferential flow groove is concave to accommodate the roller; The connecting seat and the circumferential protrusion are slidably connected.
[0007] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided on the upper part of the placing dish, and the discharge port is provided on a side of the placing dish close to the connecting seat; A transverse material discharge gap is provided on the upper side of the side of the placing dish.
[0008] Furthermore, an injection port is provided at the upper portion of the circumferential protrusion.
[0009] Furthermore, the overturning feeding device includes a tipping bucket arranged inside the reactor body, the opening of the tipping bucket faces upward, the tipping bucket is hinged to the reactor body, a flipping motor is arranged outside the reactor body, and a push rod of the flipping motor pushes the tipping bucket to flip the tipping bucket.
[0010] Furthermore, the suspension collecting device comprises a scraper and a containing box arranged in the reactor body, the containing box is provided with an electrically controlled closed door, the scraper is arranged corresponding to the electrically controlled closed door, and the scraper is controlled by an external scraping motor.
[0011] Furthermore, a sealing strip is provided between the electrically controlled sealing door and the containing box.
[0012] Further, the diameter of the microsphere is 1-1.2 cm; The width of the material delivery gap is 0.6-0.8 cm; The diameter of the extended reaction arm is 0.2-0.3 cm.
[0013] Furthermore, the height of the circumferential protrusion is 10-12 cm.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The middle section of the material in the placing dish can be released through the transverse circumferential protrusions, the rollers and the placing dish. After the reactor body reacts, the stirring mechanism stirs the material in the reactor body. The stirred material rotates around the inside of the reactor body to form a rotating fluid. The rotating fluid drives the connecting seat on the placing dish to move circumferentially in the circumferential flow groove. The middle section of the material in the placing dish is shaken and slowly flows out of the placing dish. At the same time, the release speed of the middle section of the material in the placing dish can be controlled by controlling the stirring speed of the stirring mechanism.
[0015] 2. The tipping motor is used to control the tipping of the bucket, so that the material in the tipping bucket can be added to the reactor body. At the same time, the tipping of the tipping motor can be controlled to add materials at any time during the reaction, which is convenient for the staff to add materials and can also avoid opening the reactor and entering pollutants to cause external pollution.
[0016] 3. The suspension collecting device can collect the suspension on the top of the reactor, collect the unreacted reactants, and control the reaction process.
[0017] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor for stable reaction of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbon-based microsphere movable parts of the heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor for stable reaction of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 Magnified image of .
[0020] In the figure: 1. Reactor body; 11. Stirring mechanism; 2. Carbon-based microsphere moving parts; 21. Microsphere; 22. Extended reaction arm; 3. Turning feeding device; 31. Tipping bucket; 32. Turning motor; 4. Suspension collecting device; 41. Scraper; 42. Receiving box; 43. Electric closed door; 5. circumferential raised portion; 51. circumferential flow groove; 52. roller; 53. injection port; 54. connecting seat; 55. placing dish; 551. material discharge gap; 56. extension dish; 57. material delivery gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example
[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction comprises: a reactor body 1 and a carbon-based microsphere movable part 2 arranged in the reactor body 1.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 3, a turning feeding device 3 is provided in the reactor body 1; the turning feeding device 3 includes a tipping bucket 31 provided inside the reactor body 1, the opening of the tipping bucket 31 faces upward, the tipping bucket 31 is hinged to the reactor body 1, and a turning motor 32 is provided outside the reactor body 1, and the push rod of the turning motor 32 pushes the tipping bucket 31 to turn the tipping bucket 31. The staff can control the control rod of the turning motor 32 to extend, and the tipping bucket 31 turns along the hinge to add the material in the tipping bucket 31 to the reactor body 1. At the same time, the staff can turn the tipping bucket 31 at any time period to add materials to the reactor body 1, such as at the beginning of the reaction stage, the middle stage of the reaction stage, or the end stage of the reaction stage.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 3 , a stirring mechanism 11 is provided in the reactor body 1 to stir the reaction materials in the reactor body 1 . The stirring mechanism 11 may be a combination of a stirring shaft and blades, and the speed of the stirring mechanism 11 may be adjustable.
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 3 , a suspension collecting device 4 is provided at the upper layer inside the reactor body 1; the suspension collecting device 4 comprises a scraper 41 and a receiving box 42 provided inside the reactor body 1, an electrically controlled sealing door 43 is provided on the receiving box 42, the scraper 41 is provided corresponding to the electrically controlled sealing door 43, and the scraper 41 is controlled by an external scraping motor. In this embodiment, a sealing strip is provided between the electrically controlled sealing door and the receiving box 42 to improve the sealing performance between the electrically controlled sealing door and the receiving box 42.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG3 , a transverse circumferential protrusion 5 is provided in the circumference of the reactor body 1, and the circumferential protrusion 5 is provided along the circumference of the middle section of the reactor body 1. A circumferential flow groove 51 is provided in the circumferential protrusion 5, and a roller 52 is provided in the circumferential flow groove 51. The roller 52 slides circumferentially in the circumferential flow groove 51. An injection port 53 is provided at the upper part of the circumferential protrusion 5, and the injection port 53 is connected to the circumferential flow groove 51, so that the user can flush clean water into the injection port 53 to clean the inside of the circumferential protrusion 5.
[0027] In this embodiment, the height of the circumferential protrusion 5 is 10-12 cm.
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG3 , a connecting seat 54 is provided on the roller 52, and a placing dish 55 is provided on the connecting seat 54. The placing dish 55 contains the middle material to slowly release the middle material. A discharge port is provided at the top of the placing dish 55, and the discharge port is provided at one side of the placing dish 55 close to the connecting seat 54; a transverse discharge gap 551 is provided at the top of the side of the placing dish 55.
[0029] Through the transverse circumferential protrusion 5, the roller 52 and the placement dish 55, the middle section of the material in the placement dish 55 can be released. After the reactor body 1 reacts, the stirring mechanism 11 stirs the material in the reactor body 1. The stirred material rotates around the inside of the reactor body 1 to form a rotating fluid. The rotating fluid drives the connecting seat 54 on the placement dish 55 to move circumferentially in the circumferential flow groove 51. The middle section of the material in the placement dish 55 is shaken and slowly flows out of the placement dish 55. At the same time, the release speed of the middle section of the material in the placement dish 55 can be controlled by controlling the stirring speed of the stirring mechanism 11.
[0030] In this embodiment, the circumferential flow groove 51 is concave to accommodate the roller 52, and the connecting seat 54 and the circumferential protrusion 5 are slidably connected.
[0031] Among them, an extension dish 56 is provided at one end of the placement dish 55 away from the connection seat 54, and the extension dish 56 is connected to the placement dish 55. The carbon-based microsphere movable part 2 rolls in the extension dish 56, and a material delivery gap 57 is opened on the extension dish 56. The length of the extension dish 56 extends to the inside of the reactor body 1, and the material in the extension dish 56 can be released through the material delivery gap 57. The release of the material in the extension dish 56 can increase the reaction rate and speed up the reaction in the reactor body 1. At the same time, through the rolling of the carbon-based microsphere movable part 2, the material in the reactor body 1 and the middle section material in the extension dish 56 can be fully reacted.
[0032] The carbon-based microsphere movable part 2 includes a plurality of microspheres 21 and a plurality of extended reaction arms 22 connected to the spheres. The diameter of the microspheres 21 is larger than the width of the material delivery gap 57, and the diameter of the extended reaction arms 22 is smaller than the width of the material delivery gap 57, so that the microspheres 21 can move in the extended dish 56, and the extended reaction arms 22 can extend out of the material delivery gap 57. On the one hand, the collision movement of the movable microspheres 21 can squeeze out the material in the extended dish 56 and increase the material discharge rate. On the other hand, the extended reaction arms 22 on the microspheres 21 can increase the contact area and form a stirring movement to increase the reaction speed between the materials. At the same time, the extended reaction arms 22 stained with materials can also extend out of the material delivery gap 57 to further accelerate the reaction speed.
[0033] In this embodiment, the diameter of the microsphere 21 is 1-1.2 cm; the width of the material delivery gap 57 is 0.6-0.8 cm; and the diameter of the extended reaction arm 22 is 0.2-0.3 cm.
[0034] In summary: through the transverse circumferential protrusion 5, the roller 52 and the placement dish 55, the middle section material in the placement dish 55 can be released. When the reactor body 1 reacts, the stirring mechanism 11 stirs and stirs the material in the reactor body 1. The stirred material rotates around the inside of the reactor body 1 to form a rotating fluid. The rotating fluid drives the connecting seat 54 on the placement dish 55 to move circumferentially in the circumferential flow groove 51. The middle section material in the placement dish 55 is shaken, so that it slowly flows out of the placement dish 55. At the same time, the release speed of the middle section material in the placement dish 55 can be controlled by controlling the stirring speed of the stirring mechanism 11. The tipping bucket 31 is turned over by the turning motor 32, so that the material in the tipping bucket 31 is added to the reactor body 1. At the same time, the turning of the turning motor 32 is controlled, and the material can be added at any time of the reaction, which is convenient for the staff to add material, and it can also avoid opening the reactor and entering pollutants to cause external pollution. Through the suspension collection device 4, the suspension on the upper part of the reactor can be collected, the unreacted reactants are collected, and the reaction process is controlled.
[0035] The various devices selected in this application are all universal standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.
[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0038] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction, characterized in that: include: A reactor body (1) and a carbon-based microsphere movable part (2) arranged in the reactor body (1); The reactor body (1) is provided with a turning feeding device (3); The reactor body (1) is provided with a stirring mechanism (11) for stirring the reaction materials in the reactor body (1); The upper layer inside the reactor body (1) is provided with a suspension collecting device (4); A transverse circumferential protrusion (5) is arranged in the circumference of the reactor body (1), a circumferential flow groove (51) is arranged in the circumferential protrusion (5), a roller (52) is arranged in the circumferential flow groove (51), the roller (52) slides in the circumferential direction in the circumferential flow groove (51), a connecting seat (54) is arranged on the roller (52), a placing dish (55) is arranged on the connecting seat (54), and a middle-stage material is placed in the placing dish (55) to slowly release the middle-stage material; An extension dish (56) is arranged at one end of the placement dish (55) away from the connection seat (54), the extension dish (56) is connected to the placement dish (55), a carbon-based microsphere movable part (2) rolls in the extension dish (56), and a material delivery gap (57) is opened on the extension dish (56); The carbon-based microsphere movable part (2) comprises a plurality of microspheres (21) and a plurality of extended reaction arms (22) connected to the spheres, the diameter of the microspheres (21) being greater than the width of the material delivery gap (57), and the diameter of the extended reaction arms (22) being less than the width of the material delivery gap (57).
2. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential flow groove (51) is concave to accommodate the roller (52); The connecting seat (54) and the circumferential protrusion (5) are slidably connected.
3. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the placing dish (55) is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is arranged on a side of the placing dish (55) close to the connecting seat (54); A transverse material discharge gap (551) is provided on the upper side of the side of the placing dish (55).
4. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: An injection port (53) is provided at the upper portion of the circumferential protrusion (5).
5. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The overturning feeding device (3) comprises a tipping bucket (31) arranged inside the reactor body (1), the opening of the tipping bucket (31) faces upward, the tipping bucket (31) is hinged to the reactor body (1), and a tipping motor (32) is arranged outside the reactor body (1), and a push rod of the tipping motor (32) pushes the tipping bucket (31) to overturn the tipping bucket (31).
6. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The suspension collecting device (4) comprises a scraper (41) and a containing box (42) arranged in the reactor body (1); an electrically controlled closed door (43) is provided on the containing box (42); the scraper (41) is arranged corresponding to the electrically controlled closed door (43); and the scraper (41) is controlled by an external scraping motor.
7. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing strip is provided between the electrically controlled sealing door and the containing box (42).
8. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the microsphere (21) is 1-1.2 cm; The width of the material delivery gap (57) is 0.6-0.8 cm; The diameter of the extended reaction arm (22) is 0.2-0.3 cm.
9. The heavy oil ultra-low pressure mesoscopic hydrogenation reactor with stable reaction as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The height of the circumferential protrusion (5) is 10-12 centimeters.