Special-shaped part tool clamp and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped part tool clamp and a using method, aims at solving the technical problems that machining holes in the edge of a special-shaped thin plate are prone to deformation, and interference is prone to occurring during clamping due to the fact that special-shaped parts are uneven in structure distribution and irregular in shape, and belongs to the technical field of clamps. The clamping jaw comprises a jaw seat and an aligning bolt, the jaw seat comprises a center shaft, a first circular boss is arranged at one end of the center shaft, a second circular boss is arranged at the other end of the center shaft, a stud is fixed to the center of the outer side of the first circular boss, a fastening nut is assembled on the stud, and a plurality of clamping jaws are connected to the circumferential face of the center shaft in the radial direction. Threaded holes are formed in the positions, close to the tops, of the clamping jaws in the direction parallel to the axis of the center shaft, and the aligning bolts are screwed into the threaded holes. By designing the special-shaped part tool clamp adapting to the appearance characteristics and the machining characteristics of the part, the purposes of manufacturing a plurality of threaded holes and unthreaded holes in the thin plate special-shaped part and meeting the corresponding tolerance and position degree are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps, and in particular relates to a tooling clamp for special-shaped parts and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown, when making holes in a certain part, it is necessary to process 4 M5 threaded holes, 4 φ5 through holes, and 1 φ4.5 through hole along the circumference of the φ284 ring surface with a width of 16mm and a thickness of 3mm. The front and back sides of the part body cover plate 43 are welded to the W-shaped plate 41 and the cylindrical recess respectively, and the W-shaped weld is almost closely connected with the recess weld.

[0003] Due to the interference of the weld seams of the parts, the conventional disc-shaped fixture cannot fit tightly against the torus surface and cannot serve the purpose of supporting the torus surface.

[0004] Even if a corresponding hollow W shape is milled on a conventional disc-shaped fixture, the disc-shaped fixture cannot be closely attached to the annular surface due to interference from the weld, and the purpose of supporting the annular surface cannot be achieved.

[0005] If the process of machining first and welding later is adopted, a conventional disc-shaped fixture can be used to clamp the main body cover plate 43. After the disc-shaped fixture clamps the main body cover plate 43, the holes are first processed and then the W-shaped plate 41 is welded. However, this method will affect the position of each hole due to the welding thermal stress, thereby affecting the final assembly effect.

[0006] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the detailed features of a part are as follows: (1) The overall appearance of the part is a 9 mm thick boss with a hole in the center, a 3 mm thick middle section between the 15 mm thick ring band, a 3 mm thick edge on the outside of the 15 mm thick ring band, and different thicknesses along the radial direction. In addition, a 1.5 mm thick cylindrical recess and a 2 mm thick W-shaped plate 41 are welded on the front and back sides respectively.

[0007] from Figure 1 From the front view, the cover plate 43 of the main body of the part is in the shape of a disk, with 4 M5 threaded holes, 4 φ5 through holes, and 1 φ4.5 through hole evenly distributed on the φ284 circle with a thickness of only 3mm at the edge. The thickness of the middle boss is 9mm, and there is a φ108 hole in the center; a W-shaped thin plate with a thickness of 2mm is welded directly below the φ108 hole. Figure 3 There is a φ45 hole just below the thin plate, the center of which is 108mm from the φ108 hole. Figure 3 Look, a cylindrical recess with a thickness of 1.5mm is welded on the left side of the φ45 hole.

[0008] (2) The design drawing requires that the cover plate 43 and the cylindrical recess be welded together first, such as Figure 3The E surface with a thickness of 15 mm shown is not allowed to be machined further.

[0009] Because after the conventional three-jaw chuck is used to clamp and tighten the external circle processing holes, it is easy to deform irregularly or even exceed the position tolerance after being released to the natural state. A special-shaped fixture is urgently needed to effectively avoid this situation. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tooling fixture for special-shaped parts and a method of use, which is used to solve the problem that processing holes on the edges of special-shaped thin plates are easily deformed, and the technical problem that interference is easily caused when clamping due to uneven structural distribution and irregular shapes of special-shaped parts. By designing a tooling fixture for special-shaped parts that adapts to the appearance characteristics and processing characteristics of the parts, the purpose of making multiple threaded holes and light holes on thin plate special-shaped parts and meeting the corresponding tolerances and positional degrees is achieved.

[0011] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A tooling fixture for special-shaped parts includes a claw seat and an adjustment bolt, the claw seat includes a central axis, one end of the central axis is provided with a circular boss 1, and the other end is provided with a circular boss 2, a stud is fixed to the outer center of the circular boss 1, and the stud is equipped with a fastening nut, a plurality of claws are radially connected to the circumferential surface of the central axis, all the claws are provided with threaded holes near the top parallel to the axial direction of the central axis, and the adjustment bolt is screwed into the threaded hole.

[0012] When in use, the circular boss 2 is clamped on the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, and then the part is passed through the stud and the center hole of the part is clamped on the circular boss 1, and then the part is fixed with a fastening nut. After the initial fixation, start adjusting the adjustment bolts on each jaw so that the head of the adjustment bolt contacts the circular surface of the part to ensure that the circular surface of the part is in a vertical plane.

[0013] Further preferably, an antenna-shaped pressing plate is included, wherein the antenna-shaped pressing plate includes two round sticks and a pressing plate, wherein the two round sticks are fixed on the pressing plate at a certain angle, wherein a light hole for the stud to pass through is provided at the center of the pressing plate, and the space formed by the two round sticks is adapted to the recess on the part. The provision of the round stick has two functions, namely, determining the relative position of the part and the antenna-shaped pressing plate when clamping, and preventing the product from rotating in the circumferential direction.

[0014] Further preferably, the pressing plate is circular in shape and has a diameter not less than the diameter of the center hole of the part, so that the pressing plate can effectively press the part.

[0015] Further preferably, the adjusting bolt is also equipped with a locking nut.

[0016] Further preferably, the contact portion between the clamping claw and the locking nut is arranged to be a plane, so that the locking nut can be screwed as close to the clamping claw as possible.

[0017] Further preferably, the claw is connected to the central shaft in a fixed connection or a detachable connection.

[0018] Further preferably, the claw is in the shape of a cylinder or a prism.

[0019] The specific steps of using the above-mentioned special-shaped fixture are as follows: Step 1: Clamp the part to be processed onto the claw seat with a fastening nut, and place each hole to be processed on the part close to the nearby claws, while the center hole of the part to be processed is clamped on the circular boss 1.

[0020] Step 2: Clamp the circular boss 2 at the other end of the claw seat onto the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool.

[0021] Step 3: Rotate the adjusting bolt to adjust the distance between the head of the adjusting bolt and the part to be processed, so that the end face of the part to be processed supported by the adjusting bolt remains in the same vertical plane.

[0022] Step 4: Start the subsequent process of the parts to be processed.

[0023] Further preferably, the adjusting bolt is also equipped with a locking nut, and in step three, after the part to be processed is adjusted, the locking nut is tightened.

[0024] Further preferably, in step three, a dial indicator is used to determine whether the end faces of the parts to be processed are in the same vertical plane. The specific operation is as follows: when the needle of the dial indicator rotates one circle on the end face of the part to be processed and the needle swings, it means that the end face of the part to be processed is not adjusted. At this time, adjust the corresponding adjusting bolt. When the needle rotates one circle on the end face of the part to be processed and the needle does not swing, it means that the end face of the part to be processed remains in the same vertical plane.

[0025] Further preferably, it also includes an antenna-shaped pressure plate, which includes two round sticks and a pressure plate, the two round sticks are fixed on the pressure plate at a certain angle, a light hole for the stud to pass through is set in the center of the pressure plate, the space formed by the two round sticks is adapted to the recess on the part, the pressure plate is circular in shape and the diameter is not less than the diameter of the center hole of the part, in step one, the specific method of clamping the part to be processed to the claw seat is to sequentially put the part to be processed and the antenna-shaped pressure plate onto the stud, and then tighten the nut, at which time the two round sticks of the antenna-shaped pressure plate are just stuck in the recess.

[0026] The invention is a set of fixtures with reasonable appearance and structure, which can reliably clamp parts on a processing machine tool, and can slightly adjust and align parts by adjusting bolts to ensure that the holes of parts are made safely and reliably without deformation and meet the requirements of part drawings.

[0027] The screw micrometer principle and double nut anti-loosening principle are used to accurately adjust and tighten the parts to be processed. The uniform characteristics of the eight claws are used to balance the support force of the parts with the drilling cutting force, and the processing stress is evenly released to ensure the position of the threaded holes and light holes, so that 100% of the products are qualified in one inspection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of a special-shaped part of the first embodiment is shown.

[0031] Figure 2 Embodiment 1 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at BB in the middle.

[0032] Figure 3 Embodiment 1 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at AA in the middle.

[0033] Figure 4 The present invention is shown in a front view schematic diagram.

[0034] Figure 5 The present invention is shown using a right side schematic diagram.

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the front view of the claw seat.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing the right side view of the claw seat.

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the front view of the antenna-shaped pressure plate.

[0038] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing the right side view of the antenna-shaped pressure plate.

[0039] In the figure: 1-claw seat, 11-center axis, 12-circular boss one, 13-circular boss two, 14-stud, 15-fastening nut, 16-claw, 2-adjusting bolt, 21-locking nut, 3-antenna-shaped pressure plate, 31-round stick, 32-pressure plate, 4-parts, 41-W-shaped plate 41, 42-recess, 43-cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0041] In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0043] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-9 As shown, a tooling fixture for special-shaped parts includes a claw seat 1 and an adjustment bolt 2. The claw seat 1 includes a central axis 11. A circular boss 12 is provided at one end of the central axis 11, and a circular boss 2 13 is provided at the other end. A stud 14 is fixed to the outer center of the circular boss 1. The stud 14 is equipped with a fastening nut 15. A plurality of claws 16 are radially connected to the circumferential surface of the central axis 11. All claws 16 are provided with threaded holes near the top parallel to the axial direction of the central axis 11. The adjustment bolt 2 is screwed into the threaded hole. The claw 16 is connected to the central axis 11 in a fixed connection or a detachable connection. The shape of the claw 16 is a cylinder or a prism. Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the claw 16 is connected to the central shaft 11 by welding, and the claw 16 is cylindrical in shape.

[0045] In this embodiment, the number of claws 16 is evenly distributed as 8, and no claws 16 are set near the φ4.5 through hole. The reason is that through actual operation, it is found that the strength of the part 4 is sufficient, that is, when other holes are supported, the φ4.5 hole is not supported, and no deformation will occur after the hole is made.

[0046] It also includes an antenna-shaped pressure plate 3, which includes two round sticks 31 and a pressure plate 32. The two round sticks 31 are fixed on the pressure plate 32 at a certain angle. A light hole for the stud 14 to pass through is set in the center of the pressure plate 32. The space formed by the two round sticks 31 is adapted to the recess 42 on the part 4. The pressure plate 32 is circular in shape and its diameter is not less than the diameter of the center hole of the part 4.

[0047] The adjusting bolt 2 is also equipped with a locking nut 21, which can be screwed on either side of the claw 16. In this embodiment, the locking nut 21 is arranged between the claw 16 and the head of the adjusting bolt 2 to prevent the thickness of the part 4 from being too thick and the part of the adjusting bolt 2 exposed from the claw 16 from being insufficient to screw the locking nut 21.

[0048] Embodiment 2, a method for using a special-shaped fixture. In this embodiment, the connection between the claw 16 and the central shaft 11 is welding, and the shape of the claw 16 is cylindrical. The specific steps of use are as follows: Step 1: Clamp the part 4 to be processed onto the claw seat 1 with the fastening nut 15. The specific method of clamping the part 4 to be processed onto the claw seat 1 is to sequentially fit the part 4 to be processed and the antenna-shaped pressing plate 3 onto the stud 14, and then screw the fastening nut 15. Each place where a hole needs to be processed on the part 4 to be processed is close to the nearby clamping claw 16, and the center hole of the part 4 to be processed is clamped on the circular boss 12.

[0049] Step 2: clamp the circular boss 2 13 at the other end of the claw seat 1 on the three-claw chuck of the machine tool.

[0050] Step three, rotate the adjusting bolt 2 to adjust the distance between the head of the adjusting bolt 2 and the part 4 to be processed, so that the adjusting bolt 2 supports the end face of the part 4 to be processed and keeps them in the same vertical plane; determine whether the end faces of the part 4 to be processed are in the same vertical plane by using a dial indicator. The specific operation is as follows: when the needle of the dial indicator rotates one circle on the end face of the part 4 to be processed and the needle swings, it means that the end face of the part 4 to be processed is not adjusted. At this time, adjust the corresponding adjusting bolt 2. When the needle rotates one circle on the end face of the part 4 to be processed and the needle does not swing, it means that the end face of the part 4 to be processed remains in the same vertical plane.

[0051] Step 4, start the subsequent process of the part 4 to be processed.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Using the principle of the micrometer screw, that is, when the screw rotates one circle in the nut, the screw moves a linear relationship of the pitch along the direction of the rotation axis. The part 4 to be processed is clamped to the claw seat 1 with the fastening nut 15. After the claw seat 1 is fastened to the three-jaw chuck of the machine tool, the 8 adjustment bolts 2 are rotated to slightly adjust the height of the screw to support the end face of the part 4 to be processed to maintain the same height, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately aligning the outer circle and the end face.

[0053] (2) By using the double-nut anti-loosening principle, after adjusting the part 4 to be processed, tighten the eight anti-loosening nuts 21 to generate axial force with the eight claws 16 with threaded holes, thereby increasing the friction between the nut and the tooth shape of the adjusting bolt 2 and preventing the nut from automatically loosening, thereby playing an effective anti-loosening role and keeping the part 4 in the adjusted state under processing vibration conditions.

[0054] (3) The special-shaped part 4 to be processed has a strange shape and is extremely thin. The present invention uses multiple small circular surfaces to contact the part 4 instead of the overall surface contact, which can effectively avoid the interference between the fixture and the part 4, is easy to process, and has the characteristics of being light, material-saving, and easy to manufacture.

[0055] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Although detailed descriptions are given with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tooling fixture for special-shaped parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises a claw seat (1) and an adjusting bolt (2), wherein the claw seat (1) comprises a central axis (11), one end of the central axis (11) is provided with a circular boss 1 (12), and the other end is provided with a circular boss 2 (13), a stud (14) is fixed at the outer center of the circular boss 1 (12), and the stud (14) is equipped with a fastening nut (15), a plurality of claws (16) are radially connected to the circumferential surface of the central axis (11), and all the claws (16) are provided with threaded holes near the top parallel to the axial direction of the central axis (11), and the adjusting bolt (2) is screwed into the threaded holes.

2. A tooling fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an antenna-shaped pressing plate (3), the antenna-shaped pressing plate (3) including two round sticks (31) and a pressing plate (32), the two round sticks (31) being fixed on the pressing plate (32) at a certain angle, a light hole for the stud (14) to pass through being arranged at the center of the pressing plate (32), and the space formed by the two round sticks (31) being adapted to a recess (42) on the component (4).

3. A tooling fixture for special-shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing plate (32) is circular in shape and has a diameter no less than the diameter of the central hole of the part (4).

4. The special-shaped part fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting bolt (2) is also equipped with a locking nut (21).

5. The special-shaped part fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact portion between the clamping claw (16) and the locking nut (21) is arranged to be a flat surface.

6. The special-shaped part fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The claw (16) is connected to the central shaft (11) in a fixed connection or a detachable connection.

7. A special-shaped parts fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The claw (16) is in the shape of a cylinder or a prism.

8. A method for using a special-shaped fixture, characterized in that: This is achieved by a special-shaped part fixture as described in claim 1, 5 or 6, and the specific use steps are as follows: Step 1: The part to be processed (4) is clamped onto the claw seat (1) using a fastening nut (15), and each location of the part to be processed (4) where a hole needs to be processed is close to a nearby clamping claw (16), and at the same time, the center hole of the part to be processed (4) is clamped on the circular boss 1 (12); Step 2: clamp the circular boss 2 (13) at the other end of the claw seat (1) on the three-claw chuck of the machine tool; Step 3, rotating the adjusting bolt (2) to adjust the distance between the head of the adjusting bolt (2) and the part to be processed (4), so that the end surface of the part to be processed (4) supported by the adjusting bolt (2) remains in the same vertical plane; Step 4: Start the process following the part to be processed (4).

9. The method for using a special-shaped part fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting bolt (2) is also equipped with a locking nut (21). In step three, after the workpiece (4) to be processed is adjusted, the locking nut (21) is tightened.

10. The method for using a special-shaped part fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the end faces of the part to be processed (4) are determined to be in the same vertical plane by using a dial indicator. The specific operation is as follows: when the dial indicator needle swings after rotating the end face of the part to be processed (4) one circle, it means that the end face of the part to be processed (4) is not adjusted. At this time, the corresponding adjustment bolt (2) is adjusted. When the dial indicator needle does not swing after rotating the end face of the part to be processed (4) one circle, it means that the end face of the part to be processed (4) remains in the same vertical plane.

11. The method for using a special-shaped part fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an antenna-shaped pressing plate (3), wherein the antenna-shaped pressing plate (3) comprises two round sticks (31) and a pressing plate (32), wherein the two round sticks (31) are fixed on the pressing plate (32) at a certain angle, wherein a light hole for the stud (14) to pass through is arranged at the center of the pressing plate (32), and the space formed by the two round sticks (31) is adapted to the recess (42) on the part (4), wherein the pressing plate (32) is circular in shape and has a diameter not less than the diameter of the center hole of the part (4). In step 1, the specific method for clamping the part (4) to be processed to the claw seat (1) is to sequentially fit the part (4) to be processed and the antenna-shaped pressing plate (3) onto the stud (14), and then screw the fastening nut (15), at which time the two round sticks of the antenna-shaped pressing plate (3) just fit into the recess (42).

12. A method for using a special-shaped workpiece fixture according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: The claw (16) is in the shape of a cylinder or a prism.

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