Laser texturing assisted 3D printing forming device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser texturing auxiliary 3D printing forming device and method, and relates to the technical field of 3D printing, the laser texturing auxiliary 3D printing forming device comprises 3D printing equipment, a laser texturing auxiliary device and a laser texturing auxiliary device, the laser device is provided with a laser texturing head, the laser texturing head is connected with the 3D printing spray head, the laser texturing head and the 3D printing spray head are arranged in parallel, and the laser texturing head is located on the rear side of the advancing direction of the 3D printing spray head. The video monitoring and early warning system is installed above the 3D printing nozzle and used for monitoring the operation process of the 3D printing nozzle and the laser texturing head and meanwhile conducting early warning on the excessive texturing state. The computer control system is connected with the laser and the 3D printing device and used for controlling texturing and printing work. The device is matched with the method, the surface of each layer can be subjected to synchronous texturing treatment in the 3D printing process, and the interface bonding strength between the layers is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a laser texturing-assisted 3D printing molding device and method. Background Art

[0002] During the 3D printing process, the nozzle prints the first layer of the product on a two-dimensional plane, then the nozzle rises to a set height and continues to print the next layer, thus building a complete three-dimensional product layer by layer. During the stacking process, there is an interface bond between each layer. The better the interface bond, the higher the strength of the part. According to the basic theory of interlayer bonding, the surface roughness of the bonding part has a significant effect on the interlayer bonding strength. The greater the roughness, the higher the bonding strength. Roughening the surface of each layer of bonding is a method to increase the surface roughness.

[0003] However, the 3D printing technology known to the inventors cannot simultaneously roughen the surface of each layer of the injection-molded "sheet" during the 3D printing process, that is, there is no technical means to simultaneously assist in enhancing the interface bonding strength between the molded "sheets". Based on this, it is urgent to design a technical solution that can simultaneously roughen the surface of the injection-molded "sheet" during the 3D printing process to enhance the interface bonding strength between the molded "sheets". Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser texturing-assisted 3D printing forming device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. During the 3D printing process, each layer surface can be texturing-treated synchronously, thereby enhancing the interface bonding strength between the layers.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a laser texturing assisted 3D printing forming device, comprising:

[0007] A 3D printing device, which is provided with a 3D printing nozzle;

[0008] A laser, provided with a laser texturing head, the laser texturing head is connected to the 3D printing nozzle, the laser texturing head and the 3D printing nozzle are arranged in parallel, and the laser texturing head is located at the rear side of the forward direction of the 3D printing nozzle;

[0009] A video monitoring and early warning system is installed obliquely above the 3D printing nozzle, and is used to monitor the operation process of the 3D printing nozzle and the laser texturing head, and to warn of excessive texturing status;

[0010] A computer control system is connected to the laser and the 3D printing device respectively, and is used to control the texturing and printing operations.

[0011] Preferably, the laser output terminal of the laser is formed as the laser texturing head; and the laser is an infrared pulse laser.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a synchronous coupling module, one side of which is fixedly connected to the 3D printing nozzle, and the other side is provided with a vertical slide rail, the vertical slide rail is provided with a slider, and the laser texturing head is fixedly connected to the slider; the slider is connected to a driving device, which is a hydraulic cylinder or oil cylinder fixed on the synchronous coupling module, and the cylinder rod is connected to the slider, and the hydraulic cylinder or oil cylinder drives the cylinder rod to extend and retract to achieve the up and down movement of the slider; and then the driving device can drive the slider to move along the vertical slide rail. The synchronous coupling module can use a connecting block with a rectangular cross-section, the connecting block is fixed to a mature and known three-dimensional moving device, and then the 3D printing nozzle is fixed to one side of the connecting block, and the laser texturing head is fixed to the vertical slide rail on the other side of the connecting block through the slider; the three-dimensional moving device is a known structure, and a screw nut pair or a gear rack transmission connection structure or a guide rail and guide block matching structure can be used to achieve horizontal and vertical movement.

[0013] Preferably, the 3D printing nozzle can be used for printing filaments or powders made of resin-based composite materials.

[0014] The present invention also provides a laser texturing assisted 3D printing forming method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S110, determining the properties of the 3D printing material;

[0016] S120, determining 3D printing technical parameters;

[0017] S130, determining laser texturing process parameters;

[0018] S140, determining a 3D printing path according to the three-dimensional model;

[0019] S150, performing a 3D printing operation and a laser scanning texturing operation at the same time, texturing the upper surface of the molded body while the 3D printing is being performed.

[0020] Preferably, a pre-processing step S100 is further included; the pre-processing step S100 includes:

[0021] S101, turn on the power, check the position and integrity of the 3D printing equipment and laser, check whether the 3D printing nozzle is clean, and check whether the printing base is tidy;

[0022] S102, start the computer control system, and debug the 3D printing nozzle, laser texturing head, and synchronous coupling module through the computer control system to see if they are operating normally, and adjust the 3D printing nozzle to the starting position of this printing task; adjust the position of the video monitoring and early warning system to be diagonally above the 3D printing nozzle, and confirm through the computer control system that the real-time status images of the 3D printing nozzle and the laser texturing head are clear;

[0023] S103, inputting a 3D printing three-dimensional model into the computer control system.

[0024] Preferably, the laser texturing head and the 3D printing nozzle move in the same direction and synchronously; the laser texturing process parameters are associated with the 3D printing technical parameters, and the association here means that the laser texturing process parameters need to be determined according to the 3D printing technical parameters, and the laser texturing process parameters are determined according to the properties of the 3D printing material and the 3D printing technical parameters; the average power of the laser in the laser texturing process parameters is 20-100W, the focal length is 12-20cm, the repetition frequency is 20-250kHz, the scanning speed is 2000-5000mm / s, and the scanning spacing is 0.01-0.03mm. The laser texturing head and the 3D printing nozzle are connected by a synchronous coupling module, so that the movement of the two is synchronous, realizing coupled synchronous operation, and then, the laser texturing process parameters are associated with the 3D printing technical parameters, and need to be determined according to the 3D printing technical parameters to ensure that when the 3D printing technical parameters are changed, the laser texturing process parameters are changed synchronously.

[0025] Preferably, the 3D printing path is a straight line, concentric, grid, cube, triangle, spiral or honeycomb.

[0026] Preferably, the 3D printing technical parameters are determined according to the properties of the 3D printing material and the technical quality requirements of the 3D printed product.

[0027] Preferably, when the 3D printing material is a polylactic acid filament with a diameter of 1.75 mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2 mm, the printing temperature is 190° C.-230° C., the printing speed is 15-70 mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%;

[0028] When the 3D printing material is ABS filament with a diameter of 1.75mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2mm, the printing temperature is 210℃-250℃, the printing speed is 15-70mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%;

[0029] When the 3D printing material is a polyamide filament with a diameter of 1.75 mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2 mm, the printing temperature is 230°C-260°C, the printing speed is 15-60 mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0031] The present invention assembles a laser texturing head on one side of the 3D printing nozzle, and the two move synchronously, so that the upper surface of the printing layer can be texturized while 3D printing is being performed, and real-time texturing of the upper surface of the 3D printing layer can be achieved, thereby enhancing the roughness of the upper surface of the 3D printing layer and making the interface bonding of the two adjacent layers better, thereby enhancing the overall molding strength of the product; the present invention controls the overall operation through a computer control system and monitors the entire operation process through a video monitoring and early warning system, and has good controllability and is easy to realize automated production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser texturing-assisted 3D printing device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process of the laser texturing assisted 3D printing forming method in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-3D printing equipment, 2-3D printing nozzle, 3-laser, 4-laser texturing head, 5-synchronous coupling module, 6-video monitoring and early warning system, 7-computer control system, 8-3D printing carrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser texturing-assisted 3D printing forming device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. During the 3D printing process, each layer surface can be texturing-treated synchronously, thereby enhancing the interface bonding strength between the layers.

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a laser texturing assisted 3D printing forming device, comprising a 3D printing device 1 and a laser 3 of an existing known structure, wherein the 3D printing device 1 is provided with a 3D printing nozzle 2; the laser 3 is provided with a laser texturing head 4, the laser texturing head 4 is connected to the 3D printing nozzle 2, the laser texturing head 4 is arranged in parallel with the 3D printing nozzle 2, and the laser texturing head 4 is located at the rear side of the 3D printing nozzle 2 in the forward direction. Figure 1 The direction of the middle arrow is the moving direction of 3D printing, and the printing process is carried out on the 3D printing carrier 8; a video monitoring and early warning system 6 is installed obliquely above the 3D printing nozzle 2, which is used to monitor the operation process of the 3D printing nozzle 2 and the laser texturing head 4, and to warn of the excessive texturing state. The video monitoring and early warning system 6 includes a high-definition camera and an alarm, which are respectively connected to the computer control system 7. The high-definition camera collects images of the surface of each layer during the printing process and transmits them to the computer control system 7. The computer control system 7 uses known analysis software or image comparison methods to analyze the state of the collected images. When the degree of texturing of the printing layer collected by the high-definition camera is too large or the printing and spraying are abnormal, the computer control system 7 can send a signal to the alarm to make it alarm, and can simultaneously warn of abnormal spraying and laser texturing operations. The computer control system 7 uses a computer with mature image analysis and processing software therein to realize its function; the computer control system 7 is respectively connected to the laser 3 and the 3D printing device 1, and can also control the start and stop of texturing and printing operations and control texturing and printing to proceed in an orderly manner according to their respective set parameters.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the 3D printing nozzle 2 is a general-purpose nozzle suitable for printing resin-based composite material wire or powder, such as an FDM 3D printing nozzle, a light-curing 3D printing nozzle, a nozzle nozzle, and a powder sintering nozzle. The laser output terminal of the laser 3 is formed as a laser texturing head 4; the laser 3 adopts an infrared pulse laser.

[0041] The 3D printing filaments in this embodiment are general resin-based composite filaments or powders such as ABS plastic, PLA (polylactic acid), PP (polypropylene), nylon, PETG (ethylene terephthalate glycol), etc. Considering the properties of the 3D printing filaments and the differences in the moving speed, printing temperature, and filament diameter of the 3D printing nozzle 2, the laser texturing process parameters must be determined according to the properties of the 3D printing filaments and the 3D printing technical parameters. When the 3D printing material is a polylactic acid filament with a diameter of 1.75mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2mm, the printing temperature is 190℃-230℃, the printing speed is 15-70mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%; when the 3D printing material is an ABS filament with a diameter of 1.75mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2mm, the printing temperature is 210℃-250℃, the printing speed is 15-70mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%; when the 3D printing material is a polyamide filament with a diameter of 1.75mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2mm, the printing temperature is 230℃-260℃, the printing speed is 15-60mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%.

[0042] The laser texturing process parameters for 3D printing of PLA filaments are: using infrared nanosecond pulse laser, average power of 20-60W, focal length of 12-15cm, repetition frequency of 20-250kHz, scanning speed of 3000-5000mm / s, scanning spacing of 0.01-0.03mm; the laser texturing process parameters for 3D printing of ABD filaments are: using infrared nanosecond pulse laser, average power of 50-100W, focal length of 12- 15cm, repetition frequency is 20-250kHz, scanning speed is 2000-4000mm / s, and scanning spacing is 0.01-0.03mm; the laser texturing process parameters for 3D printing of PA material filaments are: using infrared nanosecond pulse laser, average power is 80-100W, focal length is 12-15cm, repetition frequency is 20-250kHz, scanning speed is 2000-3000mm / s, and scanning spacing is 0.01-0.03mm.

[0043] In order to achieve the synchronous movement of the 3D printing nozzle 2 and the laser texturing head 4, and ensure that the upper surface of the printing layer can be texturized while printing, a synchronous coupling module 5 is designed in a preferred embodiment. The synchronous coupling module 5 is fixedly connected to the 3D printing nozzle 2 on one side, and a vertical slide rail is provided on the other side. A slider is provided on the vertical slide rail, and the laser texturing head 4 is fixedly connected to the slider; the slider is connected to a driving device, and the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder or oil cylinder fixed on the synchronous coupling module 5. The cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder or oil cylinder is connected to the slider, and the cylinder rod is driven by the hydraulic cylinder or oil cylinder to extend and retract to achieve the up and down movement of the slider; and then the driving device can drive the slider to move along the vertical slide rail. The synchronous coupling module 5 can use a connecting block with a rectangular cross section, and the connecting block is fixed on a mature and known three-dimensional moving device, and then the 3D printing nozzle 2 is fixed on one side of the connecting block, and the laser texturing head 4 is fixed on the vertical slide rail on the other side of the connecting block through the slider; the three-dimensional moving device is a known structure, and a screw nut pair or a gear rack transmission connection structure or a guide rail and a guide block matching structure can be used to achieve horizontal and vertical movement.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, based on the above device, the present invention also provides a laser texturing assisted 3D printing forming method, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S100 Pretreatment:

[0046] S101, turn on the power, check the position status and integrity of the 3D printing device 1 and the laser 3, check whether the 3D printing nozzle 2 is clean, and check whether the printing base is tidy;

[0047] S102, start the computer control system 7, and debug the 3D printing nozzle 2, the laser texturing head 4, and the synchronous coupling module 5 through the computer control system 7 to see if the status is normal, and adjust the 3D printing nozzle 2 to the starting position of this printing task; adjust the position of the video monitoring and early warning system 6 to be obliquely above the 3D printing nozzle 2, and confirm through the computer control system 7 that the real-time status images of the 3D printing nozzle 2 and the laser texturing head 4 are clear;

[0048] S103, inputting the 3D printing three-dimensional model to the computer control system 7;

[0049] S110, determining the properties of the 3D printing material;

[0050] S120, determining 3D printing technical parameters;

[0051] S130, determining laser texturing process parameters;

[0052] S140, determining a 3D printing path according to the three-dimensional model;

[0053] S150, performing a 3D printing operation and a laser scanning texturing operation at the same time, texturing the upper surface of the molded body while the 3D printing is being performed.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] This embodiment takes 3D printing of hollow microspheres as an example for explanation, and the printing process includes the following steps:

[0056] Turn on the power supply, check the position status and integrity of the 3D printing device 1 and the equipped laser 3, check whether the printing nozzle is clean, and check whether the printing base is tidy.

[0057] Start the computer control system 7, and debug the 3D printing nozzle 2, laser texturing head 4, and synchronous coupling module 5 through the computer control system 7 to see if they are operating normally, and adjust the 3D printing nozzle 2 to the starting position of this printing task; adjust the position of the video monitoring and early warning system 6 to be 230° obliquely above the 3D printing nozzle and 220 cm away from the 3D printing nozzle, and confirm through the computer control system 7 that the real-time status images of the 3D printing nozzle 2 and the laser texturing head 4 are clear.

[0058] The 3D printing three-dimensional model of the hollow microspheres is input into the computer control system 7. The size of the hollow microspheres is a hollow diameter of 8 cm and a wall thickness of 2 cm, and the 3D printing path is determined to be a straight line printing.

[0059] The printing filament is selected as PLA material, and the technical quality requirements of 3D printing products are determined as follows: the printing material has high purity, good thermal stability and fluidity, the material remains dry, the performance meets the requirements, the printing environment is suitable, and the equipment accuracy is normal.

[0060] The parameters of 3D printing PLA filament were determined as follows: PLA filament diameter was 1.75 mm, printing layer height was 0.15 mm, printing temperature was 210 °C, printing speed was 45 mm / s, filling rate was 60%, and the determined parameters were input into the computer control system 7.

[0061] The laser texturing process parameters are determined as follows: using infrared nanosecond pulse laser, average power of 40W, focal length of 14cm, repetition frequency of 50kHz, scanning speed of 3000mm / s, scanning spacing of 0.02mm, and the determined parameters are input into the computer control system7.

[0062] The laser texturing equipment adjusts the focal length of the texturing beam to 125 mm through the slider and the slide rail of the synchronous coupling module 5 .

[0063] The 3D printing device 1 and the laser 3 are started to perform 3D printing and laser scanning texturing operations. During 3D printing, the upper surface of the molded body is texturized. The video monitoring and early warning system 6 transmits the spray head printing and laser texturing operation images to the computer for the operator to observe according to the real-time images.

[0064] After the 3D printing task is completed, the 3D printing device 1 and the laser 3 stop working.

[0065] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser texturing assisted 3D printing device, characterized in that: include: A 3D printing device, which is provided with a 3D printing nozzle; A laser, provided with a laser texturing head, the laser texturing head is connected to the 3D printing nozzle, the laser texturing head and the 3D printing nozzle are arranged in parallel, and the laser texturing head is located at the rear side of the forward direction of the 3D printing nozzle; A video monitoring and early warning system is installed obliquely above the 3D printing nozzle, and is used to monitor the operation process of the 3D printing nozzle and the laser texturing head, and to warn of excessive texturing status; A computer control system is connected to the laser and the 3D printing device respectively, and is used to control the texturing and printing operations.

2. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser output terminal of the laser is formed as the laser texturing head; the laser is an infrared pulse laser.

3. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a synchronous coupling module, one side of which is fixedly connected to the 3D printing nozzle, and the other side is provided with a vertical slide rail, the vertical slide rail is provided with a slider, and the laser texturing head is fixedly connected to the slider; the slider is connected to a driving device, and the driving device can drive the slider to move along the vertical slide rail.

4. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 3D printing nozzle can be used for printing filaments or powders made of resin-based composite materials.

5. A laser texturing assisted 3D printing method, characterized in that: The steps include: S110, determining the properties of the 3D printing material; S120, determining 3D printing technical parameters; S130, determining laser texturing process parameters; S140, determining a 3D printing path according to the three-dimensional model; S150, performing a 3D printing operation and a laser scanning texturing operation at the same time, texturing the upper surface of the molded body while the 3D printing is being performed.

6. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method further includes a preprocessing step S100; the preprocessing step S100 includes: S101, turn on the power, check the position and integrity of the 3D printing equipment and laser, check whether the 3D printing nozzle is clean, and check whether the printing base is tidy; S102, start the computer control system, and debug the 3D printing nozzle, laser texturing head, and synchronous coupling module through the computer control system to see if they are operating normally, and adjust the 3D printing nozzle to the starting position of this printing task; adjust the position of the video monitoring and early warning system to be diagonally above the 3D printing nozzle, and confirm through the computer control system that the real-time status images of the 3D printing nozzle and the laser texturing head are clear; S103, inputting a 3D printing three-dimensional model into the computer control system.

7. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser texturing head moves in the same direction and synchronously with the 3D printing nozzle; the laser texturing process parameters are associated with the 3D printing technical parameters, and the laser texturing process parameters are determined according to the properties of the 3D printing material and the 3D printing technical parameters; the average power of the laser in the laser texturing process parameters is 20-100W, the focal length is 12-20cm, the repetition frequency is 20-250kHz, the scanning speed is 2000-5000mm / s, and the scanning spacing is 0.01-0.03mm.

8. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 3D printing path is a straight line, concentric, grid, cube, triangle, spiral or honeycomb.

9. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 3D printing technical parameters are determined according to the properties of the 3D printing materials and the technical quality requirements of the 3D printed products.

10. The laser texturing assisted 3D printing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the 3D printing material is polylactic acid filament with a diameter of 1.75mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2mm, the printing temperature is 190℃-230℃, the printing speed is 15-70mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%; When the 3D printing material is ABS filament with a diameter of 1.75mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2mm, the printing temperature is 210℃-250℃, the printing speed is 15-70mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%; When the 3D printing material is a polyamide filament with a diameter of 1.75 mm, the printing layer height is 0.1-0.2 mm, the printing temperature is 230°C-260°C, the printing speed is 15-60 mm / s, and the filling rate is 60-100%.

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