Rigid-flexible automatic switching suspension system and method for high-speed telescopic arm forklift and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a rigid-flexible automatic switching suspension system and method for a high-speed telescopic boom forklift and a vehicle. The rigid-flexible automatic switching suspension system comprises a frame; the front axle is positioned on the front side of the frame; the damping assembly comprises a damper and a steel plate spring which are mounted between the frame and the front axle; the oil cylinder conversion assembly comprises a suspension oil cylinder connected between the frame and the front axle and a suspension valve group connected to an oil way between the suspension oil cylinder and the oil tank; when the high-speed telescopic boom forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the suspension valve group is powered off, a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the suspension oil cylinder are locked, and the suspension oil cylinder is in a locked state; when the high-speed telescopic arm forklift is in a high-speed running state, the suspension valve set is powered on and enables the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the suspension oil cylinder to be communicated, the suspension oil cylinder is in a floating state, and the damping assembly is used for damping when the suspension oil cylinder is in the floating state. By means of function switching of the suspension oil cylinder, high-speed running comfort and low-speed operation safety of the high-speed telescopic arm forklift are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system, method and vehicle for a high-speed telescopic arm forklift, and belongs to the field of forklift suspension systems. Background Art

[0002] Traditional telescopic forklifts have low travel speed and poor maneuverability. Therefore, a high-speed telescopic forklift is developed to integrate the chassis system of traditional beam-type engineering vehicles with the conventional telescopic lifting system to achieve fast vehicle travel and improve work efficiency. The elastic elements of the chassis suspension of traditional beam-type engineering vehicles are mostly leaf springs. Since the chassis suspension leaf springs are elastic, this affects the stability of the entire vehicle when the telescopic forklift is in operation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system to meet the actual market demand for the functions and performance of telescopic forklifts.

[0003] The existing patent discloses a suspension locking device for a high-speed telescopic forklift (CN114655892A), which includes a cylinder mounting seat fixedly connected to the vehicle beam and away from the upper left side of the vehicle front axle axis, a limit seat fixedly connected to the vehicle beam and close to the upper left side of the vehicle front axle axis, a locking rod hinged to the vehicle beam at the upper middle part and facing the vehicle front axle axis, the locking rod close to the right side of the limit seat and the lower end corresponds to the middle of the suspension leaf spring; it also includes a locking cylinder whose base is hinged to the cylinder mounting seat through a pin, and the piston of the locking cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the locking rod; a bidirectional hydraulic lock is provided on the locking cylinder, and the electric operation of the bidirectional hydraulic lock can extend or retract the piston of the locking cylinder. The cylinder used in this patent only plays a role in suspension locking, and does not play a role in shock absorption. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a high-speed telescopic arm forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system, method and vehicle, which can play a role in suspension locking and shock absorption.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts a high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system, comprising:

[0006] Frame;

[0007] A front axle, located at the front side of the frame;

[0008] a shock absorbing assembly, comprising a shock absorber and a leaf spring mounted between the vehicle frame and the front axle;

[0009] The cylinder conversion assembly includes a suspension cylinder connected between the frame and the front axle and a suspension valve group connected on the oil circuit between the suspension cylinder and the oil tank; when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operating state, the suspension valve group is powered off and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder are locked, and the suspension cylinder is in a locked state; when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the suspension valve group is powered on and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder are connected, and the suspension cylinder is in a floating state, and the shock absorbing assembly is used for shock absorbing when the suspension cylinder is in a floating state.

[0010] In some embodiments, the suspension valve group has an A oil port connected to the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder, a B oil port connected to the rod chamber of the suspension cylinder, and a C oil port connected to the oil circuit, and the other end of the oil circuit is connected to the oil tank through an oil return port.

[0011] In some embodiments, the suspension valve group includes a first solenoid valve connected between the A oil port and the C oil port, and a second solenoid valve connected between the B oil port and the C oil port.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operating state, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are simultaneously de-energized, and the oil in the C oil port flows unidirectionally to the A oil port and the B oil port, so that the suspension cylinder is locked; when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are simultaneously energized, and the C oil port, the A oil port, and the B oil port are connected, so that the suspension cylinder is in a floating state.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve both have a first working position and a second working position;

[0014] When the first solenoid valve is in the first working position, the C oil port is connected to the A oil port, and when the first solenoid valve is in the second working position, the C oil port is connected to the A oil port through a one-way valve; when the second solenoid valve is in the first working position, the C oil port is connected to the B oil port, and when the second solenoid valve is in the second working position, the C oil port is connected to the B oil port through a one-way valve.

[0015] In some embodiments, the suspension valve group further includes a relief valve connected between the B oil port and the C oil port.

[0016] In some embodiments, the suspension cylinder is connected to the vehicle frame via an upper suspension cylinder support, and is connected to the front axle via a lower suspension cylinder support.

[0017] In some embodiments, the upper end of the shock absorber is connected to the vehicle frame through a shock absorber support, and the lower end is connected to the front axle.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for the rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system of the high-speed telescopic forklift, comprising the following steps:

[0019] When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the control suspension valve group is powered off, the oil in the oil tank flows unidirectionally to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder, the suspension cylinder is in a locked state and the frame is rigidly connected to the front axle, and the shock absorbing assembly does not have a shock absorbing effect;

[0020] When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the control suspension valve group is energized, the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder are connected to the oil tank, the suspension cylinder is in a floating state and the frame is flexibly connected to the front axle, and the shock absorbing assembly plays a shock absorbing role.

[0021] A third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, on which the high-speed telescopic arm forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system is installed, and the vehicle is a high-speed telescopic arm forklift.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the automatic rigid-flexible conversion suspension system of the high-speed telescopic forklift of the present invention switches the suspension cylinder between a locked state and a floating state by controlling the suspension valve group. When the suspension cylinder is in the locked state, the frame and the front axle are rigidly connected, thereby improving the integrity of the entire vehicle, thereby achieving the safety of low-speed operation of the high-speed telescopic forklift; when the suspension cylinder is in the floating state, the front axle is pushed to move up and down relative to the frame to adapt to changes in the road surface, and the suspension leaf spring and shock absorber are combined to improve the overall shock absorption effect of the vehicle, thereby achieving the comfort of high-speed driving of the high-speed telescopic forklift. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the suspension valve group of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1. frame, 2. shock absorber support, 3. upper support of suspension cylinder, 4. suspension cylinder, 5. suspension valve group, 6. piston rod, 7. lower support of suspension cylinder, 8. front axle, 9. shock absorber, 10. leaf spring, 11. first solenoid valve, 12. second solenoid valve, 13. fuel tank, 14. overflow valve, 15. oil circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below with the help of accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system includes a frame 1, a front axle 8, a shock absorbing assembly and a cylinder conversion assembly, wherein the front axle 8 is located at the front side of the frame 1, and the shock absorbing assembly includes a shock absorber 9 and a leaf spring 10 installed between the frame 1 and the front axle 8;

[0030] The oil cylinder conversion assembly includes a suspension oil cylinder 4 connected between the frame 1 and the front axle 8 and a suspension valve group 5 connected on an oil circuit 15 between the suspension oil cylinder 4 and an oil tank 13;

[0031] When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the suspension valve group 5 is powered off and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder 4 are locked, and the suspension cylinder 4 is in a locked state. At this time, the frame 1 and the front axle 8 are rigidly connected, and the shock absorber 9 and the leaf spring 10 do not play a shock absorbing role; when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the suspension valve group 5 is powered on and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder 4 are connected, and the suspension cylinder 4 is in a floating state. At this time, the frame 1 and the front axle 8 are flexibly connected, and the front axle 8 moves up and down relative to the frame 1 to adapt to changes in the road surface, and the shock absorber 9 and the leaf spring 10 play a shock absorbing role. Among them, the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder 4 are both locked, which means that no oil flows out of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber.

[0032] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the suspension valve group 5 has an A oil port connected to the rodless chamber of the suspension oil cylinder 4, a B oil port connected to the rod chamber of the suspension oil cylinder 4, and a C oil port connected to the oil circuit 15, and the other end of the oil circuit 15 is connected to the oil tank 13 through the oil return port. Furthermore, the suspension valve group 5 includes a first solenoid valve 11 connected between the A oil port and the C oil port, and a second solenoid valve 12 connected between the B oil port and the C oil port. The connection between the A oil port and the C oil port is controlled by the first solenoid valve 11, and the connection between the B oil port and the C oil port is controlled by the second solenoid valve 12, so as to realize the control of the oil communication in the suspension oil cylinder 4, and then control the suspension oil cylinder 4 to be in a locked state or a floating state.

[0033] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the first solenoid valve 11 and the second solenoid valve 12 are simultaneously de-energized, and the oil in the C oil port flows unidirectionally to the A oil port and the B oil port, so that the suspension oil cylinder 4 is locked;

[0034] When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the first solenoid valve 11 and the second solenoid valve 12 are energized at the same time, and the C oil port, the A oil port, and the B oil port are connected, so that the suspension cylinder 4 is in a floating state.

[0035] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the first solenoid valve 11 and the second solenoid valve 12 both have a first working position and a second working position;

[0036] When the first solenoid valve 11 is in the first working position, the C oil port is connected to the A oil port, and the oil can flow from the C oil port to the A oil port, or from the A oil port to the C oil port. When the first solenoid valve 11 is in the second working position, the C oil port is connected to the A oil port through a one-way valve, and the oil can only flow from the C oil port to the A oil port, and cannot flow from the A oil port to the C oil port, thus reaching a locked state.

[0037] When the second solenoid valve 12 is in the first working position, the C oil port is connected to the B oil port. At this time, the oil can flow from the C oil port to the B oil port, and can also flow from the B oil port to the C oil port. When the second solenoid valve 12 is in the second working position, the C oil port is connected to the B oil port through a one-way valve. At this time, the oil can only flow from the C oil port to the B oil port, and cannot flow from the B oil port to the C oil port, thereby reaching a locked state.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the suspension valve group 5 further includes a relief valve 14 connected between the oil port B and the oil port C. The relief valve 14 is used to ensure that the pressure in the rod chamber of the suspension cylinder 4 does not exceed the set pressure of the relief valve 14, thereby ensuring the safety of the suspension cylinder 4.

[0039] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the cylinder barrel of the suspension cylinder 4 is hinged to the frame 1 through the suspension cylinder upper support 3, and the piston rod 6 of the suspension cylinder 4 is hinged to the front axle 8 through the suspension cylinder lower support 7. By switching the suspension cylinder 4 to a locked state or a floating state, a rigid connection or a flexible connection between the frame 1 and the front axle 8 is achieved.

[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the upper end of the shock absorber 9 is connected to the frame 1 through the shock absorber support 2, and the lower end is connected to the front axle 8. The shock absorber 9 and the leaf spring 10 can achieve a shock absorbing effect when the high-speed telescopic forklift is traveling at high speed, thereby improving comfort.

[0041] A second aspect of the present invention further provides a control method for the rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system of the high-speed telescopic forklift, comprising the following steps:

[0042] When the high-speed telescopic forklift is operating at a low speed, the electric control suspension valve group 5, the first solenoid valve 11 and the second solenoid valve 12 are not energized. Due to the action of the solenoid valve spring, the first and second solenoid valves are both located in the first working position. Due to the action of the one-way valve of the solenoid valve itself, the large and small chambers of the suspension cylinder 4 are not connected, and the suspension cylinder 4 is locked. At this time, when the suspension cylinder 4 cannot move by itself, the relief valve 14 plays a role in ensuring that the pressure in the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder 4 does not exceed the set pressure of the relief valve 14, thereby ensuring the safety of the suspension cylinder 4. At the same time, when the suspension cylinder 4 is in a locked state, the shock absorbing functions of the shock absorber 9 and the leaf spring 10 fail, and the frame 1 and the front axle 8 are equivalent to a rigid connection, which improves the integrity of the whole vehicle, thereby achieving the safety of the low-speed operation of the high-speed telescopic forklift;

[0043] When the high-speed telescopic forklift is traveling at high speed, the suspension valve group 5 is electrically controlled, and the first solenoid valve 11 and the second solenoid valve 12 are energized. Due to the action of the solenoid valve spring, when the first and second solenoid valves are both in the second working position, the rod chamber and the rodless chamber inside the suspension cylinder 4 are connected to the oil tank 13. When the piston rod 6 of the suspension cylinder 4 is extended, the oil in the rodless chamber enters the rod chamber, and the excess oil enters the oil tank 13. When the piston rod 6 is retracted, the oil is replenished to the suspension cylinder 4 through the oil tank 13, so that the suspension cylinder 4 can float freely, and the hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy, so as to push the front axle 8 to move up and down relative to the frame 1 to adapt to the changes in the road surface, and play a role in buffering and supporting; and combined with the suspension leaf spring 10 and the shock absorber 9, the overall shock absorption effect of the vehicle is improved, thereby realizing the comfort of high-speed telescopic forklift traveling at high speed.

[0044] A third aspect of the present invention further provides a vehicle, on which the high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system is installed, and the vehicle is a high-speed telescopic forklift;

[0045] The high-speed telescopic arm forklift has the following two functions through the high-speed telescopic arm forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system:

[0046] Function 1: Buffering and supporting function. The suspension cylinder 4 can convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to push the wheels to move up and down to adapt to changes in the road surface, and combine with the suspension leaf spring 10 and shock absorber 9 to enhance the overall shock absorption effect of the vehicle.

[0047] Function 2: Locking function, locking the leaf spring 10 and the shock absorber 9, so that the suspension system is rigidly connected to the frame 1, and the integrity of the whole vehicle is improved.

[0048] Ultimately, by switching the functions of the suspension cylinder, the comfort of high-speed telescopic forklifts and the safety of low-speed operations are achieved.

[0049] The high-speed telescopic arm forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system of the present invention switches the suspension cylinder to a locked state or a floating state by controlling the suspension valve group. When the suspension cylinder is in the locked state, the frame and the front axle are rigidly connected, which improves the integrity of the whole vehicle, thereby achieving the safety of low-speed operation of the high-speed telescopic arm forklift; when the suspension cylinder is in the floating state, the front axle is pushed to move up and down relative to the frame to adapt to changes in the road surface, and the suspension leaf spring and shock absorber are combined to improve the overall shock absorption effect of the vehicle, thereby achieving the comfort of high-speed driving of the high-speed telescopic arm forklift.

[0050] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0051] In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments also means being within the scope of protection of the present invention and forming different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use them in combination according to the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modify the technical contents suggested above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system, characterized in that: include: Frame (1); A front axle (8), located at the front side of the vehicle frame (1); A shock absorbing assembly, comprising a shock absorber (9) and a leaf spring (10) installed between the vehicle frame (1) and the front axle (8); The cylinder conversion assembly comprises a suspension cylinder (4) connected between the frame (1) and the front axle (8) and a suspension valve group (5) connected to the oil circuit (15) between the suspension cylinder (4) and the oil tank (13); when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the suspension valve group (5) is powered off and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder (4) are both locked, and the suspension cylinder (4) is in a locked state; when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the suspension valve group (5) is powered on and the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder (4) are both connected, and the suspension cylinder (4) is in a floating state. The shock absorbing assembly is used for shock absorbing when the suspension cylinder (4) is in a floating state.

2. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension valve group (5) comprises an oil port A connected to the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder (4), an oil port B connected to the rod chamber of the suspension cylinder (4), and an oil port C connected to an oil circuit (15); the other end of the oil circuit (15) is connected to an oil tank (13) via an oil return port.

3. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suspension valve group (5) comprises a first solenoid valve (11) connected between the A oil port and the C oil port, and a second solenoid valve (12) connected between the B oil port and the C oil port.

4. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the first solenoid valve (11) and the second solenoid valve (12) are simultaneously de-energized, and the oil in the C oil port flows unidirectionally to the A oil port and the B oil port, so that the suspension oil cylinder (4) is locked; when the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the first solenoid valve (11) and the second solenoid valve (12) are simultaneously energized, and the C oil port, the A oil port, and the B oil port are connected, so that the suspension oil cylinder (4) is in a floating state.

5. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first solenoid valve (11) and the second solenoid valve (12) both have a first working position and a second working position; When the first solenoid valve (11) is in the first working position, the oil port C is connected to the oil port A; when the first solenoid valve (11) is in the second working position, the oil port C is connected to the oil port A through a one-way valve; when the second solenoid valve (12) is in the first working position, the oil port C is connected to the oil port B; when the second solenoid valve (12) is in the second working position, the oil port C is connected to the oil port B through a one-way valve.

6. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The suspension valve group (5) further comprises a relief valve (14) connected between the B oil port and the C oil port.

7. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension cylinder (4) is connected to the vehicle frame (1) via an upper suspension cylinder support (3), and is connected to the front axle (8) via a lower suspension cylinder support (7).

8. The high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the shock absorber (9) is connected to the vehicle frame (1) via a shock absorber support (2), and the lower end is connected to the front axle (8).

9. A control method for a high-speed telescopic forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a low-speed operation state, the control suspension valve group (5) is powered off, the oil in the oil tank (13) flows unidirectionally to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension cylinder (4), the suspension cylinder (4) is in a locked state and the frame (1) is rigidly connected to the front axle (8), and the shock absorbing component does not have a shock absorbing effect; When the high-speed telescopic forklift is in a high-speed driving state, the control suspension valve group (5) is energized, the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the suspension oil cylinder (4) are connected to the oil tank (13), the suspension oil cylinder (4) is in a floating state and the frame (1) is flexibly connected to the front axle (8), and the shock absorbing component plays a shock absorbing role.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with the high-speed telescopic arm forklift rigid-flexible automatic conversion suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the vehicle is a high-speed telescopic arm forklift.

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