MCU-based pitch signaling system for adjustable pitch propeller and broken wire detection method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of the ship controllable pitch propeller, and provides a controllable pitch propeller pitch signaling system and a broken line detection method based on MCU, which comprises an MCU processing unit, a pitch signaling module and a pitch indication module. The MCU processing unit integrates signal acquisition, filtering, broken line detection and fault diagnosis units, supports voltage, RS485 and current input modes, and realizes real-time monitoring and broken line detection of the pitch signal. The broken line detection covers VCC, GND, VIN, current input and RS485 communication signals. The controllable pitch propeller pitch signaling system and the broken line detection method based on MCU can determine the broken line condition through a preset threshold and an algorithm, record faults and alarm feedback, can monitor the transmission state of the pitch signaling signal in real time, and improve the reliability and stability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship controllable pitch propeller technology, specifically to a MCU-based controllable pitch propeller pitch signaling system and a wire breakage detection method. Background Technology

[0002] Controllable pitch propeller systems are widely used in marine propulsion, adjusting thrust by changing the blade angle to achieve more efficient power transmission and maneuverability. In these systems, pitch signaling and indication signals are a key technology for monitoring and controlling the propeller angle (pitch), responsible for transmitting pitch position signals to the control system for precise control and feedback. However, in the complex marine environment, signal lines may break or loosen, affecting the normal operation of the system and potentially leading to serious consequences. Therefore, having accurate and reliable methods for detecting broken wires is crucial for the safety and stability of marine propulsion systems.

[0003] In existing technologies, one method for detecting circuit breaks is to use limit switches or contact sensors to detect the breakage through mechanical contacts. In signal transmission and indication lines, limit switches are typically installed at critical nodes or the ends of transmission lines. When the transmission line changes position due to a break or detachment, it triggers the limit switch, thereby changing the circuit state to detect the breakage. When the transmission line is operating normally, the limit switch is in a normally open or normally closed state (depending on design requirements). When a break or detachment occurs, the limit switch is triggered, changing the circuit state and sending a signal to notify the system of the breakage. Contact sensors detect the state of the transmission line through physical contact. When the transmission line breaks or becomes loose, the contact sensor immediately detects the change. The transmission line is connected to the detection circuit via the contact sensor. During normal operation, the sensor detects the voltage or current signal of the transmission line. When a break occurs, the sensor cannot detect the signal change and triggers an alarm signal.

[0004] Method 1's mechanical components are prone to wear and tear, requiring regular maintenance and replacement. Its response speed is slow, making real-time detection of wire breaks impossible. Mechanical contacts may be affected by environmental factors, leading to false alarms or missed alarms. Regular maintenance and calibration are required, increasing system complexity and maintenance costs. Furthermore, it can only detect wire breaks at extreme positions, not those in intermediate positions.

[0005] The second method uses analog signal detection, determining whether signal transmission has been interrupted by monitoring changes in voltage or current. This method often uses comparator circuits or voltage monitors. A conversion resistor is used to convert the current signal into a voltage signal. Assuming the current signal is 4-20mA, a voltage will be generated across a resistor of known resistance as the current flows through it.

[0006] For example, using a 250-ohm resistor, a 4-mA current will produce a 1-V voltage, and a 20-mA current will produce a 5-V voltage. This voltage range can be directly compatible with a voltage monitor. A voltage monitor is a dedicated IC that can monitor the voltage of an analog signal in real time and compare it to a set threshold. When the signal voltage is detected to be outside the set range, the monitor outputs an alarm signal.

[0007] The second method is susceptible to noise and electromagnetic interference, which can cause false positives. It is also difficult to accurately detect the specific situation of the potentiometer tap-out. The threshold voltage of the comparator and the monitor needs to be precisely adjusted and configured, increasing the design complexity. It can usually only detect signal changes within a specific range, making it difficult to adapt to a variety of signal characteristics. The debugging and maintenance of the analog signal detection method requires physical adjustment and testing of the circuit, which is tedious and easily affected by the environment. SUMMARY

[0008] To solve the problems in the background art, the present application provides a pitch signaling system based on MCU for pitch control, which includes an MCU processing unit, a pitch signaling module, and a pitch indication module.

[0009] The MCU processing unit receives, processes, and monitors the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, executes the tap-out detection algorithm, and manages the fault diagnosis and alarm mechanism of the system.

[0010] The pitch signaling module is provided with an input interface, supporting at least two input modes: voltage input mode and RS485 and current simultaneous input mode, for generating a pitch position signal and sending it to the MCU processing unit.

[0011] The pitch indication module is provided with an output interface that receives the pitch position signal from the MCU processing unit and displays it. The output tap-out detection logic of the pitch indication module is consistent with that of the pitch signaling module.

[0012] The MCU processing unit is internally integrated with a signal acquisition unit, a filter module, a tap-out detection algorithm module, and a fault diagnosis and alarm unit. Among them:

[0013] The signal acquisition unit acquires the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, as well as the voltage signal of the potentiometer, through an ADC analog-to-digital converter.

[0014] The filter module performs moving average filtering on the signals obtained by the signal acquisition unit.

[0015] The tap-out detection algorithm module detects tap-out based on the filtered signals and a pre-set threshold and algorithm.

[0016] The fault diagnosis and alarm unit performs fault diagnosis according to the result of the disconnection detection algorithm module.

[0017] In the preferred scheme, the system is further provided with a voltage input interface for receiving voltage signal input of the potentiometer, a current input interface for receiving current signal input, an RS485 communication interface for communicating with external devices, and an analog-to-digital converter ADC connected to the voltage input interface for converting the voltage signal into a digital signal.

[0018] In the preferred scheme, the voltage input interface includes 0V (GND) line input, 5V (VCC) line input and potentiometer middle tap line input.

[0019] In the preferred scheme, after detecting disconnection, the fault diagnosis and alarm unit records the fault through the internal FLASH and displays the fault information on the OLED screen, and performs real-time fault alarm and feedback.

[0020] In the preferred scheme, the disconnection detection algorithm module includes:

[0021] A VCC disconnection detection module for detecting disconnection of the power supply voltage input line;

[0022] A GND disconnection detection module for detecting disconnection of the ground line;

[0023] A VIN disconnection detection module for detecting disconnection of the potentiometer output end;

[0024] A current input disconnection detection module for detecting disconnection of the current input signal;

[0025] An RS485 input disconnection detection module for detecting disconnection of the RS485 communication signal.

[0026] The disconnection detection method of the pitch signaling system of the MCU-based pitch control paddle is performed according to the following steps:

[0027] S1, initializing the MCU processing unit;

[0028] S2, the signal acquisition unit acquires input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, and voltage signals of the potentiometer through the ADC analog-to-digital converter;

[0029] S3, the filter module performs moving average filtering processing on the signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit;

[0030] S4, the disconnection detection algorithm module performs disconnection detection on the filtered signals according to the preset threshold and algorithm;

[0031] S5, disconnection detection is performed according to the input mode of the signaling system:

[0032] S51, wire break detection in case of voltage input only;

[0033] S52, wire break detection in case of RS485 and current input simultaneously.

[0034] In step S5:

[0035] A counter is used to record the number of detected errors; the absolute difference between the current input voltage data and the last input voltage data is calculated; if the voltage difference is within the preset range, the error count is increased; if the current input voltage data is greater than the preset threshold, the error count is increased; if the voltage difference is not within the preset range and the current input voltage data is not greater than the preset threshold, the error count is reduced by 3 times each time. Update the last input voltage data as the current input voltage data, and prepare for the next detection.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the specific process of step S51 includes:

[0037] For potentiometer input wire break fault diagnosis, the MCU periodically monitors the potentiometer input value; if the input value is judged to be in a fault state, it is considered that the potentiometer input is broken;

[0038] S511, VCC wire break detection:

[0039] Set the Vin input threshold, use ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time; if it is detected that Vin is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that VCC is broken; use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen;

[0040] S512, GND wire break detection:

[0041] GND wire break will cause the voltage read by Vin to be pulled to the same potential as VCC, set the initial threshold, use ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time; when it is detected that Vin is higher than the set threshold, it is determined that GND is broken; use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen;

[0042] S513, VIN wire break detection:

[0043] By monitoring the potentiometer output voltage VIN, it is detected whether the signal is disconnected; if it is detected that the voltage value of VIN is an abnormal value close to the supply voltage or 0V, it is determined that the wire is broken.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, in step S52, the RS485 input is used first; if communication abnormalities are judged, the RS485 needs to be shielded and switched to current input; after communication is normal, the RS485 is switched back, and the specific process includes:

[0045] S521, current input disconnection detection:

[0046] Determine whether there is a current input disconnection by input signal range, outside the specified range, then determine the current input disconnection, pitch transmitter current signal acquisition, if the acquisition value is invalid, output the current input disconnection fault effective;

[0047] S522, RS485 input disconnection detection:

[0048] Determine whether the RS485 input signal is abnormal by the RS485 input signal range; when the RS485 transmission signal amplitude is outside the specified range, determine the RS485 input fault.

[0049] In the preferred scheme, the data collected by the ADC in step S3 is filtered by moving average filtering, and the specific process is:

[0050] S31, define a fixed length window, i.e. N samples;

[0051] S32, for each new data point, calculate the average of all data points in the window;

[0052] S33, use the calculated average as the output of the current data point.

[0053] The beneficial effects achieved by the present application are:

[0054] The pitch signaling system and disconnection detection method based on MCU of the present application can monitor the transmission state of the pitch signaling signal in real time, detect and handle the disconnection situation in time through the integrated MCU processing unit. The programming ability of MCU enables the detection method to be adjusted and optimized according to the actual situation, improving the real-time and accuracy of detection. The system supports multiple input modes such as voltage, RS485 and current, which can adapt to different application scenarios and needs, increasing the flexibility and versatility of the system. The system covers VCC, GND, VIN, current input and RS485 communication signal disconnection detection, which can comprehensively detect various problems in signal transmission, improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0055] The application adopts an ADC analog-digital converter to digitally process signals, and effectively filters noise and interference through moving average filtering and other technologies, providing more accurate and reliable broken line detection results and reducing the false positive rate. After the system detects a broken line condition, fault records are made through an internal FLASH, and fault information is displayed on an OLED screen, real-time fault alarm and feedback are performed, which facilitates quick positioning and problem solving. The programming ability and flexibility of the MCU make the system easy to integrate with other electronic control systems, improving the overall performance of the system. At the same time, the digital processing method reduces the cumbersome process of physical adjustment and testing, reducing the maintenance cost of the system. Compared with the traditional mechanical contact and analog signal detection method, the broken line detection method based on MCU is not affected by the environment and can stably operate in a complex marine environment, improving the stability and applicability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 is the application scene one structure diagram of the MCU-based pitch indication system of the controllable pitch propeller.

[0057] Figure 2 is the application scene two structure diagram of the MCU-based pitch indication system of the controllable pitch propeller.

[0058] Figure 3 is the potentiometer input broken line fault diagnosis function flow chart.

[0059] Figure 4 is the current input broken line fault diagnosis function flow chart.

[0060] Figure 5 is the RS485 input fault diagnosis function flow chart.

[0061] Figure 6 is the current output broken line fault diagnosis function flow chart.

[0062] Figure 7 is the potentiometer Vin input circuit diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The technical solutions in the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the application, and the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are only examples, and the application is not limited to each structure described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0064] REFERENCE Figures 1-7 The application provides an MCU-based pitch indication system of a controllable pitch propeller, which comprises an MCU processing unit, a pitch indication module and a pitch indication module.

[0065] The MCU processing unit receives, processes and monitors the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, executes the broken line detection algorithm, and manages the fault diagnosis and alarm mechanism of the system;

[0066] The pitch signaling module is provided with an input interface, supporting at least two input modes: voltage input mode and RS485 and current simultaneous input mode, for generating a pitch position signal and sending the signal to the MCU processing unit;

[0067] The pitch indication module is provided with an output interface, which receives the pitch position signal from the MCU processing unit and displays it, and the output broken line detection logic is consistent with that of the pitch signaling module;

[0068] The MCU processing unit is internally integrated with a signal acquisition unit, a filtering module, a broken line detection algorithm module and a fault diagnosis and alarm unit; wherein:

[0069] The signal acquisition unit acquires the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, and the voltage signal of the potentiometer through an ADC analog-to-digital converter;

[0070] The filtering module performs moving average filtering processing on the signals obtained by the signal acquisition unit;

[0071] The broken line detection algorithm module detects the broken line according to the preset threshold and algorithm for the filtered signals;

[0072] The fault diagnosis and alarm unit performs fault diagnosis according to the results of the broken line detection algorithm module.

[0073] In the preferred scheme, the system is also provided with a voltage input interface for receiving the voltage signal input of the potentiometer, a current input interface for receiving the current signal input, an RS485 communication interface for communicating with external devices, and an analog-to-digital converter ADC connected to the voltage input interface for converting the voltage signal into a digital signal.

[0074] In the preferred scheme, the voltage input interface includes a 0V (GND) line input, a 5V (VCC) line input and a potentiometer middle tap line input.

[0075] In the preferred scheme, the fault diagnosis and alarm unit detects the broken line condition and records the fault through the internal FLASH, displays the fault information on the OLED screen, and performs real-time fault alarm and feedback.

[0076] In the preferred scheme, the broken line detection algorithm module includes:

[0077] The VCC broken line detection module is used to detect the broken line of the power voltage input line.

[0078] GND disconnection detection module for detecting ground line disconnection;

[0079] VIN disconnection detection module for detecting potentiometer output disconnection;

[0080] Current input disconnection detection module for detecting current input signal disconnection;

[0081] RS485 input disconnection detection module for detecting RS485 communication signal disconnection.

[0082] The MCU-based pitch signaling system disconnection detection method for the pitch control rudder includes the following steps:

[0083] S1, initializing the MCU processing unit;

[0084] S2, the signal acquisition unit acquires the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, and the voltage signal of the potentiometer through the ADC analog-to-digital converter;

[0085] S3, the filter module performs moving average filtering processing on the signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit;

[0086] S4, the disconnection detection algorithm module detects the disconnection of the filtered signal according to the preset threshold and algorithm;

[0087] S5, according to the input mode of the signaling system, the disconnection detection is performed:

[0088] S51, disconnection detection under voltage input condition;

[0089] S52, disconnection detection under RS485 and current input condition.

[0090] In step S5:

[0091] A counter is used to record the number of detected errors; the absolute difference between the current input voltage data and the last input voltage data is calculated; if the voltage difference is within the preset range, the error count is increased; if the current input voltage data is greater than the preset threshold, the error count is increased; if the voltage difference is not within the preset range and the current input voltage data is not greater than the preset threshold, the error count is reduced by 3 times. Update the last input voltage data as the current input voltage data, and prepare for the next detection.

[0092] In the preferred scheme, the specific process of step S51 includes:

[0093] For potentiometer input disconnection fault diagnosis, the MCU periodically monitors the potentiometer input value; if the input value is judged to be in a fault state, it is considered that the potentiometer input is disconnected;

[0094] S511, VCC disconnection detection:

[0095] Set the Vin input threshold, use the ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time; if it is detected that Vin is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that VCC is disconnected; use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen;

[0096] S512, GND disconnection detection:

[0097] GND disconnection will cause the voltage read by Vin to be pulled to the same potential as VCC. Set the initial threshold, use the ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time; when it is detected that Vin is higher than the set threshold, it is determined that GND is disconnected; use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen;

[0098] S513, VIN disconnection detection:

[0099] By monitoring the potentiometer output voltage VIN, it is detected whether the signal is disconnected; if the voltage value of VIN is detected as an abnormal value close to the supply voltage or 0V, it is determined that it is disconnected.

[0100] In the preferred scheme, the RS485 input is used first in step S52; if the communication is abnormal, the RS485 needs to be shielded and switched to current input; after the communication is normal, the RS485 is switched back, and the specific process includes:

[0101] S521, current input disconnection detection:

[0102] Determine whether there is a current input disconnection by input signal range; if it is outside the specified range, it is determined that the current input is disconnected. If the collected value is invalid, the output current input disconnection fault is valid.

[0103] S522, RS485 input disconnection detection:

[0104] Determine whether the RS485 input signal is abnormal by the RS485 input signal range; when the RS485 transmission signal amplitude is outside the specified range, it is determined that the RS485 input is faulty.

[0105] In the preferred scheme, the data collected by the ADC in step S3 is filtered by moving average filtering, and the specific process is:

[0106] S31, define a fixed length window, i.e. N samples;

[0107] S32, for each new data point, calculate the average of all data points in the window;

[0108] S33, use the calculated average as the output of the current data point.

[0109] In this embodiment, there are two cases for input consideration. Case one: only voltage input, case two: RS485 and current input at the same time. Any mode and any input condition needs to diagnose the input broken line.

[0110] Case one: voltage input. 0V(GND), 5V(VCC) and the middle tap of the potentiometer. Any one of the three lines needs to be broken and an alarm needs to be reported.

[0111] Case two: RS485 and current input at the same time. Prefer to use RS485 input, if the communication is abnormal, need to shield RS485 and switch to current input, and switch back to RS485 after communication is normal.

[0112] Any mode and any input condition needs to diagnose the broken line of the two-way current output loop. Two-way current output outputs at the same time, and only alarms in abnormal conditions without additional action. The output broken line discrimination method of the domestic pitch indication module is consistent with the signaling module, so this scheme is only described by taking the signaling broken line as an example.

[0113] First, case one: potentiometer input broken line fault diagnosis:

[0114] MCU periodically monitors the potentiometer input value, if the input value is judged to be in a fault state, it is considered that the potentiometer input is broken. The software flow chart is shown in Figure 2

[0115] And the key to identifying the broken line fault is to identify the characteristics of the three broken lines of the potentiometer input. The specific detection steps according to the characteristics of the potentiometer input broken line are as follows:

[0116] 1. VCC broken line detection:

[0117] Set the Vin input threshold, use ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time:

[0118] If the detected Vin is lower than the set threshold (such as lower than 80% of the normal range), it is determined that the VCC is broken. Use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen.

[0119] 2. GND broken line detection:

[0120] GND broken line will cause the voltage read by Vin to be pulled to the same potential as VCC. Similar to VCC broken line detection, set the initial threshold, use ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time;

[0121] ​When the Vin is detected to be higher than the set threshold, it is determined that the GND is disconnected. The fault record is made by the MCU internal FLASH and the fault information is displayed on the OLED screen.

[0122] 3. VIN disconnection detection:

[0123] By monitoring the voltage of the potentiometer output (VIN), it is detected whether the signal is disconnected. The ADC channel of the MCU is connected to the output of the potentiometer (VIN), and a reasonable voltage range is set according to the characteristics of the circuit, for example, the output voltage range of the potentiometer is 1V to 4V. If the voltage value of VIN is detected to be an abnormal value (such as close to the supply voltage or 0V), it may be disconnected.

[0124] Case two: RS485 input or current input disconnection:

[0125] Current input disconnection detection:

[0126] By judging whether there is a current input disconnection in the input signal range, it is determined that the current input is disconnected outside the specified range. As shown in Figure 3 .

[0127] RS485 input disconnection detection:

[0128] By judging whether the RS485 input signal is abnormal, it is determined that the RS485 input is faulty when the RS485 transmission signal amplitude is outside the specified range. As shown in Figure 4 .

[0129] Case three: current output disconnection:

[0130] In any case, it is necessary to determine whether the current output is faulty. When the back sampling output value is abnormal, it is determined that the current output is faulty. As shown in Figure 5 .

[0131] Reference Figure 6 Since the disconnection of the middle tap of the potentiometer will cause the data read by Vin to be in an unknown state under normal conditions, but we determine the disconnection threshold and Vin disconnection determination algorithm for this circuit by combining specific analysis and actual test records of this circuit: a counter is used to record the number of errors detected; by calculating the absolute difference between the current input voltage data and the last input voltage data; if the voltage difference is within the preset range, increase the error count; if the current input voltage data is greater than the preset threshold, increase the error count; if the voltage difference is not within the preset range and the current input voltage data is not greater than the preset threshold, decrease the error count by 3 times; update the last input voltage data to the current input voltage data, and prepare for the next detection.

[0132] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A MCU-based pitch signaling system for a controllable pitch propeller, characterized in that it comprises a MCU processing unit, a pitch signaling module and a pitch indication module; the MCU processing unit receives, processes and monitors the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, executes a broken line detection algorithm, and manages the fault diagnosis and alarm mechanism of the system; the pitch signaling module is provided with an input interface, supports at least two input modes: a voltage input mode and an RS485 and current simultaneous input mode, is used to generate a pitch position signal, and sends the signal to the MCU processing unit; the pitch indication module is provided with an output interface, receives the pitch position signal from the MCU processing unit and performs indication display, and the output broken line detection logic thereof is consistent with that of the pitch signaling module; the MCU processing unit is internally integrated with a signal acquisition unit, a filter module, a broken line detection algorithm module and a fault diagnosis and alarm unit; wherein: the signal acquisition unit acquires the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, and the voltage signal of the potentiometer through an ADC analog-digital converter; the filter module performs moving average filtering processing on the signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit; the broken line detection algorithm module comprises: a VCC broken line detection module for detecting a power voltage input line broken line; a GND broken line detection module for detecting a ground line broken line; a VIN broken line detection module for detecting a potentiometer output end broken line; a current input broken line detection module for detecting a current input signal broken line; an RS485 input broken line detection module for detecting an RS485 communication signal broken line; the broken line detection algorithm module performs broken line detection on the filtered signals according to a preset threshold and algorithm; the fault diagnosis and alarm unit performs fault diagnosis according to the results of the broken line detection algorithm module, records faults through an internal FLASH when a broken line condition is detected, displays fault information on an OLED screen, and performs real-time fault alarm and feedback; the system is further provided with a voltage input interface for receiving voltage signal input of the potentiometer, a current input interface for receiving current signal input, and an RS485 communication interface for communicating with external devices; an analog-digital converter ADC connected to the voltage input interface is used to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal; the voltage input interface comprises a 0V (GND) line input, a 5V (VCC) line input and a potentiometer middle tap line input.

2. A broken line detection method for a MCU-based pitch signaling system for a controllable pitch propeller, characterized in that it adopts the MCU-based pitch signaling system for a controllable pitch propeller as claimed in claim 1, and performs the following steps: S1, initializing the MCU processing unit; S2, the signal acquisition unit acquires the input and output signals of the pitch signaling module and the pitch indication module, and the voltage signal of the potentiometer through an ADC analog-digital converter; S3, the filter module performs moving average filtering processing on the signals acquired by the signal acquisition unit; S4, the broken line detection algorithm module performs broken line detection on the filtered signals according to a preset threshold and algorithm; S5, performing broken line detection according to the input mode of the signaling system: S51, broken line detection in the case of only voltage input; ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ S52, line break detection in the case of simultaneous input of RS485 and current.

3. The MCU-based pitch break detection method of the variable pitch propeller pitch signaling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S5: A counter is used to record the number of detected errors; the absolute difference between the current input voltage data and the last input voltage data is calculated; If the voltage difference is within the preset range, increase the error count; If the current input voltage data is greater than the preset threshold, increase the error count; If the voltage difference is not within the preset range and the current input voltage data is not greater than the preset threshold, decrease the error count by 3 each time; Update the last input voltage data to the current input voltage data, ready for the next detection.

4. The MCU-based pitch break detection method of the variable pitch propeller pitch signaling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process of step S51 includes: For potentiometer input line break fault diagnosis, the MCU periodically monitors the potentiometer input value; if the input value is judged to be in a fault state, the potentiometer input is considered to be broken, specifically: S511, VCC line break detection: Set the Vin input threshold, use ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time; if it is detected that Vin is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that VCC is broken; use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen; S512, GND line break detection: GND line break will cause the voltage read by Vin to be pulled to the same potential as VCC, set the initial threshold, use ADC to monitor the voltage value read by Vin in real time; when it is detected that Vin is higher than the set threshold, it is determined that GND is broken; use the MCU internal FLASH to record the fault and display the fault information on the OLED screen; S513, VIN line break detection: By monitoring the voltage of the potentiometer output VIN, it is detected whether the signal is disconnected; if the voltage value of VIN is detected as an abnormal value close to the supply voltage or 0V, it is determined that the line is broken.

5. The MCU-based pitch break detection method of the variable pitch propeller pitch signaling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S52, RS485 input is used preferentially; if communication abnormalities are judged, RS485 needs to be shielded and switched to current input; after communication is normal, switch back to RS485, the specific process includes: S521, current input line break detection: Determine whether there is a current input line break by input signal range, outside the specified range, then determine that the current input line is broken, if the collected value is invalid, output the current input line break fault; S522, RS485 input line break detection: Determine whether the RS485 input signal is abnormal by judging the RS485 input signal range; when the RS485 transmission signal amplitude is outside the specified range, it is determined that the RS485 input is faulty.

6. The MCU-based pitch break detection method of the variable pitch propeller pitch signaling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the data collected by the ADC is filtered by moving average filtering, the specific process is: S31, define a fixed length window, i.e. N samples; S32, for each new data point, calculate the average of all data points in the window; S33, use the calculated average as the output of the current data point.

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