Trace lubricant and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The lubricant composition provided by the invention is characterized in that the lubricant composition is composed of isohexadecanol, lactic acid, isopropanolamine, sulfamic acid and water, and the molar ratio of isohexadecanol to lactic acid is 1: (1-1.2); the weight ratio of the isopropanolamine is 10-20% of the sum of the isohexadecanol and the lactic acid, the weight ratio of the sulfamic acid is 1-2% of the sum of the isohexadecanol and the lactic acid, and the weight of the water is 7-10 times that of the sulfamic acid. The lubricant composition prepared by the invention has better lubricity, good water solubility, good rust resistance and hard water resistance, and can perfectly solve the cooling and lubricating effects when being used for minimal quantity lubrication. The invention also provides a trace lubricant containing the lubricant composition. The trace lubricant is prepared from the following components: the lubricant composition, oleic diethanolamide, urea phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol and water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lubrication, and in particular, relates to a trace lubricant and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of metal cutting, in order to effectively reduce the friction and deformation heat generated during the cutting process, and to improve the tool life and workpiece quality, cutting oil / cutting fluid is often used for a large amount of flushing lubrication and cooling. However, this traditional lubrication and cooling method has obvious disadvantages. During the processing, the workpiece and debris will take away a large amount of lubricant, resulting in a large amount of lubricant leakage.

[0003] This large amount of lubricant use not only causes a serious waste of resources, but also brings pollution problems to the processing site and the environment. The various chemical components contained in the cutting oil / fluid may penetrate into the soil and water sources after leakage, causing long-term adverse effects on the ecological environment. At the same time, the lubricant odor and volatile harmful gases that permeate the processing site also seriously affect the health of the operators. Long-term contact may lead to occupational diseases such as skin diseases and respiratory diseases.

[0004] In order to solve these problems, the research on micro-lubrication technology has made certain progress in recent years. Micro-lubrication technology has solved the problems of large leakage of the above lubricants and serious ecological environmental pollution. Micro-lubricants developed with synthetic esters as base oils can basically achieve a relatively ideal lubrication effect, but during use, due to the excessive heat generated by instantaneous friction and deformation during processing, some ester molecules decompose and evaporate, producing unpleasant odors, which affects actual use. The use of some water in the micro-lubricant formula can make the friction and deformation heat dissipate faster, quickly reduce the local temperature of the processing area, and is beneficial to the workpiece accuracy and tool life. However, water-soluble micro-lubricants have certain defects in lubricity and long-term storage, so they are not used much in actual applications.

[0005] It is of practical significance to study new water-soluble micro-lubricant technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a lubricant composition.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lubricant composition, characterized in that it consists of isohexadecanol, lactic acid, isopropanolamine, aminosulfonic acid and water, wherein the molar ratio of isohexadecanol to lactic acid is 1:1-1.2; the weight ratio of isopropanolamine is 10-20% of the sum of isohexadecanol and lactic acid, the weight ratio of aminosulfonic acid is 1-2% of the sum of isohexadecanol and lactic acid, and the weight of water is 7-10 times that of aminosulfonic acid.

[0008] The above-mentioned isomeric hexadecanol can be selected from Synative ALG16 isomeric alcohol produced by BASF (the main component is C16 isomeric alcohol) or SAFOL16 isomeric alcohol produced by Sasol (the main component is C16 isomeric alcohol).

[0009] The above-mentioned isomeric hexadecanol and lactic acid can undergo an esterification reaction under the catalysis of aminosulfonic acid to generate isomeric hexadecanol lactate that is easily soluble in water. The aminosulfonic acid does not need to be separated after the reaction is completed. The -NH2 and -SO3 remaining in the lubricant composition can enhance the water solubility and resistance to hard water, and also have certain extreme pressure and anti-wear properties.

[0010] The isopropanolamine can completely neutralize the acidity of the catalyst aminosulfonic acid, while improving the hydrophilicity of isomeric hexadecanol lactate, maintaining the alkalinity of the lubricant composition, and improving the anti-rust effect and extreme pressure performance of the lubricant composition.

[0011] The present invention provides a method for preparing the lubricant composition: Step 1, weighing aminosulfonic acid and adding it into water to dissolve it, to prepare an aminosulfonic acid aqueous solution; Step 2, weigh isomeric hexadecanol and lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add aminosulfonic acid aqueous solution, react at 110-120° C. for 6-8 hours; during the reaction, reduce pressure and drain water 2-3 times; Step 3: Weigh isopropanolamine, add it into the reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

[0012] The lubricant composition prepared by the present invention has good lubricity, good water solubility, good rust prevention performance and hard water resistance, and can be used for minimal lubrication to perfectly solve its cooling and lubricating effects.

[0013] The above lubricant composition can be directly used as a trace lubricant by adding 1-5 times of water.

[0014] The lubricant composition can also be used to prepare a micro-lubricant according to the following weight percentages: Lubricant composition 30-40%； Oleic acid diethanolamide 5-10%； Urea phosphate 1-2%； Polyvinyl alcohol 0.5-1%； water margin. The preparation method of the above-mentioned trace lubricant is as follows: urea phosphate and polyvinyl alcohol are added into hot water at 70-80°C and stirred to dissolve, and then the lubricant composition and oleic acid diethanolamide are added and stirred until completely transparent, thereby obtaining a trace lubricant.

[0015] The above-mentioned trace lubricant can be used after adding 1-3 times of water.

[0016] The above-mentioned oleic acid diethanolamide has good lubricity and rust resistance, and is also a good surfactant.

[0017] The urea phosphate can be prepared by reacting phosphoric acid and urea, and can improve the corrosion inhibition performance of metals while increasing extreme pressure properties.

[0018] The polyvinyl alcohol is generally selected from low-molecular-weight products with a molecular weight of less than 120,000, and the product model is preferably PVA1788. The polyvinyl alcohol has good film-forming properties in the micro-lubricant, increases the kinematic viscosity of the lubricant aqueous solution, reduces the surface tension of the micro-lubricant, increases permeability and adhesion on the processed surface, and improves the lubrication effect.

[0019] Functions and Effects of the Invention The lubricant composition prepared by the present invention has good lubricity, good water solubility, good rust prevention performance and hard water resistance, and can be used for minimal lubrication to perfectly solve its cooling and lubricating effects.

[0020] The oleic acid diethanolamide used in the present invention has good lubricity and rust resistance, and is also a good surfactant.

[0021] The urea phosphate used in the present invention can improve the corrosion inhibition performance of the metal and increase the extreme pressure performance.

[0022] The polyvinyl alcohol used in the present invention has excellent film-forming performance in the trace lubricant, increases the viscosity of the lubricant aqueous solution, reduces the surface tension of the trace lubricant, increases the permeability and adhesion on the processed surface, and improves the lubrication effect.

[0023] The micro-lubricant prepared by the present invention can meet the lubrication, cooling, environmental protection and rust prevention requirements of metal processing; when used in conjunction with a micro-lubricating device, the amount of lubricant used can be saved by more than 90%, and the energy-saving, emission-reduction and environmental protection effects are remarkable.

[0024] In the present invention, after the components are mixed, based on their respective structural characteristics, weak intermolecular bond forces may occur, and after mutual dissolution and promotion, the lubricity and solubility of each other are improved and stimulated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0025] Step 1, weigh 40 g of aminosulfonic acid and add it into 320 g of water to dissolve it to prepare an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid; Step 2: Weigh 2424.4 g (10 mol) of SAFOL16 isomeric hexadecanol and 900.8 g (10 mol) of lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid, and react at 115°C for 7 hours; during the reaction, reduce the pressure and drain the water 3 times; Step 3: Weigh 350 g of isopropanolamine, add it into a reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

[0026] 500 g of the lubricant composition was added to 1500 g of water and stirred until transparent, and the mixture was used as a trace lubricant sample 1 for experiment.

[0027] Weigh 20g of urea phosphate and 5g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA1788) and add them to 545g of hot water at 70°C and stir to dissolve. Then add 350g of the lubricant composition prepared above and 80g of oleic acid diethanolamide and stir until completely transparent to obtain a trace lubricant.

[0028] The micro-lubricant prepared above was added to 2000 g of water and stirred until transparent, and then used as micro-lubricant sample 2 for experiment.

[0029] The prepared micro-lubricant (sample 1, sample 2) was applied to sawing 6061 aluminum alloy profiles. The micro-lubricant was supplied using the micro-lubricating device (model KS-2106) produced by our company, and the surface roughness tester (model: TR270) was used to measure the machining surface accuracy. The temperature of the sawing block and the sawing surface of the raw material was measured using a handheld thermometer. The specific data is shown in the table below.

[0030]

[0031] It can be clearly seen from the above table that the prepared micro-lubricant can basically meet the requirements of micro-lubrication processing.

[0032] Surface roughness grade reference table (provided by equipment provider, not experimental data): Example 2

[0033] Step 1, weigh 50 g of aminosulfonic acid and add it into 350 g of water to dissolve it to prepare an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid; Step 2: Weigh 2424.4 g (10 mol) of isomeric hexadecanol and 990.9 g (11 mol) of lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid, and react at 110° C. for 8 hours; during the reaction, reduce the pressure and drain the water 3 times; Step 3: Weigh 450 g of isopropanolamine, add it into a reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

[0034] Weigh 10 g of urea phosphate and 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, add them into 580 g of hot water at 80° C. and stir to dissolve, then add 300 g of the lubricant composition prepared above and 100 g of oleic acid diethanolamide and stir until completely transparent to obtain a trace lubricant.

[0035] When using, add the micro-lubricant prepared above into 1 times water and stir. Example 3

[0036] Step 1, weigh 60 g of aminosulfonic acid and add it into 480 g of water to dissolve it to prepare an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid; Step 2: Weigh 2424.4 g (10 mol) of isomeric hexadecanol and 1081 g (12 mol) of lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid, and react at 120° C. for 6 hours; during the reaction, reduce the pressure and drain the water twice; Step 3: Weigh 600 g of isopropanolamine, add it into a reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

[0037] The lubricant composition was added with 3 times the amount of water and stirred until transparent, and then used directly as a trace lubricant as sample 1 for experiment.

[0038] Weigh 15 g of urea phosphate and 8 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA1788) into 567 g of hot water at 75°C and stir to dissolve. Then add 340 g of the lubricant composition prepared above and 70 g of oleic acid diethanolamide and stir until completely transparent to obtain a trace lubricant. Example 4

[0039] Step 1, weigh 35 g of aminosulfonic acid and add it into 350 g of water to dissolve it to prepare an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid; Step 2: Weigh 2424.4 g (10 mol) of isomeric hexadecanol and 900.8 g (10 mol) of lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid, and react at 116°C for 7 hours; during the reaction, reduce the pressure and drain the water 3 times; Step 3: Weigh 500 g of isopropanolamine, add it into a reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

[0040] Weigh 16 g of urea phosphate and 6 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA1788) into 498 g of hot water at 70°C and stir to dissolve. Then add 400 g of the lubricant composition prepared above and 80 g of oleic acid diethanolamide and stir until completely transparent to obtain a trace lubricant. Example 5

[0041] Step 1, weigh 65 g of aminosulfonic acid and add it into 520 g of water to dissolve it to prepare an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid; Step 2: Weigh 2424.4 g (10 mol) of Synative ALG16 isomeric hexadecanol and 900.8 g (10 mol) of lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add an aqueous solution of aminosulfonic acid, and react at 117° C. for 7 hours; during the reaction, reduce the pressure and drain the water 3 times; Step 3: Weigh 550 g of isopropanolamine, add it into a reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

[0042] Weigh 18 g of urea phosphate and 9 g of polyvinyl alcohol, add them into 553 g of hot water at 75° C. and stir to dissolve, then add 360 g of the lubricant composition prepared above and 60 g of oleic acid diethanolamide and stir until completely transparent to obtain a trace lubricant.

Claims

1. A lubricant composition, characterized in that , composed of isohexadecanol, lactic acid, isopropanolamine, aminosulfonic acid and water, wherein the molar ratio of isohexadecanol to lactic acid is 1:1-1.2; the weight ratio of isopropanolamine is 10-20% of the sum of isohexadecanol and lactic acid, the weight ratio of aminosulfonic acid is 1-2% of the sum of isohexadecanol and lactic acid, and the weight of water is 7-10 times that of aminosulfonic acid.

2. A lubricant composition, characterized in that The isomeric hexadecanol is selected from Synative ALG16 isomeric alcohol produced by BASF or SAFOL16 isomeric alcohol produced by Sasol.

3. The method for preparing the lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Step 1, weighing aminosulfonic acid and adding it into water to dissolve it, to prepare an aminosulfonic acid aqueous solution; Step 2, weigh isomeric hexadecanol and lactic acid, place them in a reactor, mix and stir, add aminosulfonic acid aqueous solution, react at 110-120° C. for 6-8 hours; during the reaction, reduce pressure and drain water 2-3 times; Step 3: Weigh isopropanolamine, add it into the reactor, stir it thoroughly until it becomes transparent, and after cooling, a lubricant composition is obtained.

4. A micro-lubricant prepared from the lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The lubricant composition is added with 1-5 times of water and used directly as a trace lubricant.

5. A micro-lubricant prepared from the lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following components in weight percentage: Lubricant composition 30-40%; Oleic acid diethanolamide 5-10%; Urea phosphate 1-2%; Polyvinyl alcohol 0.5-1%; Water balance.

6. A micro-lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The urea phosphate is prepared by reacting phosphoric acid and urea.

7. A micro-lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polyvinyl alcohol is selected from medium and low molecular weight products with a molecular weight lower than 120,000.

8. A micro-lubricant as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The polyvinyl alcohol selected is product model PVA1788.

9. A method for preparing a trace lubricant as claimed in claims 4-8, characterized in that: Urea phosphate and polyvinyl alcohol are added into hot water at 70-80° C. and stirred to dissolve, and then the lubricant composition and oleic acid diethanolamide are added and stirred until completely transparent to obtain a trace lubricant.

10. A method for using a trace lubricant as claimed in claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The micro-lubricant is added with 1-3 times of water before use.

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