Aluminum alloy material, preparation method thereof and aluminum alloy product

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum alloy material, a preparation method thereof and an aluminum alloy product. The aluminum alloy material comprises, by mass, 4%-8% of Zn, 1%-4% of Mg, 1%-3% of Cu, 3%-12% of nanoparticles and the balance Al. The nano-particles are oxide particles with graphene layers on the surfaces. Wherein the graphene layer on the surface of the oxide particles can effectively reduce the surface energy of the oxide particles, so that the oxide particles are effectively promoted to be uniformly dispersed in an aluminum matrix, and the grain boundary interaction among the oxide particles can be effectively weakened, so that the aggregation of the oxide particles is effectively avoided; and therefore, the room-temperature strength and the high-temperature strength of the aluminum alloy material are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of alloys, and in particular to an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and aluminum alloy products. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of aerospace, high-voltage power transmission, nuclear spent fuel storage, oil drilling and other fields has put forward higher requirements on the heat resistance of aluminum alloys. For example, the surface temperature of supersonic aircraft can exceed 300℃, and the temperature of the first and second stage compressor blades of turbofan jet engines can exceed 400℃. Most of these parts are now made of steel, titanium alloy and nickel-based high-temperature alloy. If we want to reduce weight, improve thrust-to-weight ratio and reduce production costs, we urgently need to develop a batch of high-temperature aluminum alloys to replace these materials to meet the needs of use at higher temperatures. However, traditional aluminum alloys have low melting points, high stacking fault energy, narrow extended dislocations, and are prone to recovery and recrystallization. At the same time, the dispersed precipitation phase of aging-strengthened aluminum alloys can be rapidly coarsened or dissolved at 200℃, making it difficult for aluminum alloys to be used for a long time above 200℃.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the traditional technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the present application provides an aluminum alloy material with high high-temperature strength, a preparation method thereof, and an aluminum alloy product.

[0005] The technical solution of this application to solve the above technical problems is as follows.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following components by mass percentage:

[0007] Zn 4%-8%, Mg 1%-4%, Cu 1%-3%, nanoparticles 3%-12% and the balance Al; the nanoparticles are oxide particles having a graphene layer on the surface.

[0008] In some of the embodiments, in the aluminum alloy material, the mass of the nanoparticles accounts for 5% to 10% of the total mass of the aluminum alloy material.

[0009] In some of the embodiments, in the aluminum alloy material, the mass ratio of the oxide particles to Mg is (1.5~6):1.

[0010] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy material includes the following components by mass percentage:

[0011] Zn 4.6%~6.5%, Mg 1.8%~2.9%, Cu 1.2%~1.9%, nanoparticles 5%~10% and the balance Al.

[0012] In some of the embodiments, in the aluminum alloy material, the oxide particles include at least one of La2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, TiO2 and MgO.

[0013] In some of the embodiments, in the aluminum alloy material, the particle size of the nanoparticles is 10 nm to 30 nm, and the mass of the graphene layer is 10% to 30% of the total mass of the nanoparticles.

[0014] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Providing powder raw materials according to the composition of the above aluminum alloy material;

[0016] After the powder raw materials are mixed, molding treatment, thermoplastic deformation treatment and heat treatment are sequentially performed.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the method for preparing the nanoparticles comprises the following steps:

[0018] A graphene layer is grown on the surface of the oxide particles by chemical vapor deposition.

[0019] In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the chemical vapor deposition includes a deposition stage and a growth stage, and the chemical vapor deposition satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

[0020] (1) The atmosphere during the deposition stage is a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and argon;

[0021] (2) The temperature of the deposition stage is 300°C to 400°C, and the growth time is 1 h to 3 h;

[0022] (3) The temperature of the growth stage is 1000°C to 1200°C, and the growth time is 1 h to 3 h.

[0023] In some embodiments, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the preparation method satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:

[0024] (1) The temperature of the molding process is 450°C to 520°C, and the applied pressure is 110 MPa to 120 MPa;

[0025] (2) The thermoplastic deformation treatment includes one of hot extrusion treatment, rolling treatment and forging treatment;

[0026] (3) The thermoplastic deformation treatment is a hot extrusion treatment, the hot extrusion treatment temperature is 360°C to 400°C, the extrusion ratio is (2 to 6):1, and the extrusion rate is 0.4 mm / s to 1 mm / s;

[0027] (4) The heat treatment includes solution treatment and aging treatment in sequence, wherein the temperature of the solution treatment is 450°C to 480°C and the time is 1 h to 3 h; the temperature of the aging treatment is 150°C to 175°C and the time is 10 h to 15 h.

[0028] A third aspect of the present application provides an aluminum alloy product, comprising the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the aluminum alloy material of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The aluminum alloy material of the present application includes Zn, Mg, Cu, nanoparticles and Al. The nanoparticles are oxide particles with a graphene layer on the surface. The graphene layer on the surface of the oxide particles can effectively reduce the surface energy of the oxide particles, thereby effectively promoting the uniform dispersion of the oxide particles in the aluminum matrix, and can effectively weaken the grain boundary interaction between the oxide particles, thereby effectively avoiding the aggregation of the oxide particles, and then effectively improving the room temperature strength and high temperature strength of the aluminum alloy material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] References to embodiments of the present invention will now be provided in detail, one or more examples of which are described below. Each example is provided as an explanation rather than a limitation of the present invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. For example, a feature illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce a further embodiment.

[0032] Therefore, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Other objects, features and aspects of the present invention are disclosed in or are obvious from the following detailed description. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that this discussion is only a description of exemplary embodiments and is not intended to limit the broader aspects of the present invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] The term "comprises", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprising one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements. The indefinite articles "a kind of" and "an" before the elements or components of the present invention are not restrictive to the quantity requirements (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the elements or components. Therefore, "a" or "a kind of" should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and the elements or components in the singular form also include the plural form, unless the number clearly refers only to the singular form. The meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] The weight of the relevant components mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present invention may not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also indicate the weight ratio between the components. Therefore, as long as the content of the relevant components is proportionally enlarged or reduced according to the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is within the scope disclosed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, the weight described in the description of the embodiments of the present invention may be a mass unit known in the chemical industry such as μg, mg, g, kg, etc.

[0036] Except as shown in the operating examples or otherwise indicated, all numbers used in the specification and claims to indicate the amount of ingredients, physicochemical properties, etc. are understood to be adjusted by the term "about" in all cases. For example, therefore, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters listed in the above specification and the attached claims are approximate values, and those skilled in the art can use the teachings disclosed herein to seek to obtain the desired properties and appropriately change these approximate values. The use of numerical ranges expressed as endpoints includes all numbers within the range and any range within the range, for example, 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.1, 1.3, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4 and 5, etc.

[0037] The study found that directly adding oxide nanoparticles to the raw materials of aluminum alloys makes it difficult to evenly distribute them in the aluminum matrix, which limits the effect of oxide nanoparticles on improving the high-temperature performance of aluminum alloys. Analysis shows that there are large differences in physical and chemical properties between oxide nanoparticles and the aluminum matrix, which makes oxide nanoparticles easy to aggregate.

[0038] An embodiment of the present application provides an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following components by mass percentage:

[0039] Zn 4%~8%, Mg 1%~4%, Cu 1%~3%, nanoparticles 3%~12% and the balance Al; the nanoparticles are oxide particles with a graphene layer on the surface.

[0040] The aluminum alloy material of the present application includes Zn, Mg, Cu, nanoparticles and Al. The nanoparticles are oxide particles with a graphene layer on the surface. The graphene layer on the surface of the oxide particles can effectively reduce the surface energy of the oxide particles, thereby effectively promoting the uniform dispersion of the oxide particles in the aluminum matrix, and can effectively weaken the grain boundary interaction between the oxide particles, thereby effectively avoiding the aggregation of the oxide particles, and then effectively improving the room temperature strength and high temperature strength of the aluminum alloy material.

[0041] At the same time, the aluminum alloy material of the present application also has good creep resistance.

[0042] It can be understood that the aluminum alloy material provided in the present application includes but is not limited to Zn, Mg, Cu, nanoparticles and Al, and may also contain other components. The residual Al refers to the Al remaining after removing Zn, Mg, Cu, nanoparticles and "other components" from the aluminum alloy material; it can also be understood that the aluminum alloy material provided in the present application also includes unavoidable impurities.

[0043] In the aluminum alloy material, by mass percentage, Zn includes but is not limited to 4%, 4.2%, 4.6%, 4.8%, 5%, 5.2%, 5.5%, 5.8%, 6%, 6.2%, 6.5%, 6.8%, 7%, 7.2%, 7.5%, 7.8%, 8%; Mg includes but is not limited to 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4%; Cu includes but is not limited to 1 %, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3%; nanoparticles include but are not limited to 4%, 4.2%, 4.6%, 4.8%, 5%, 5.2%, 5.5%, 5.8%, 6%, 6.2%, 6.5%, 6.8%, 7%, 7.2%, 7.5%, 7.8%, 8%, 8.2%, 8.5%, 8.8%, 9%, 9.2%, 9.5%, 9.8%, 10%, 11%, 12%;

[0044] In some examples, the range may be formed by any two of these point values ​​as end values, and the same applies below.

[0045] In some of the examples, the aluminum alloy material includes the following components by mass percentage:

[0046] Zn 4.6%~6.5%, Mg 1.8%~2.9%, Cu 1.2%~1.9%, nanoparticles 5%~10% and the balance Al.

[0047] In some of these examples, the mass of nanoparticles in the aluminum alloy material accounts for 5% to 10% of the total mass of the aluminum alloy material.

[0048] It will be appreciated that the percentage of the mass of the nanoparticles to the total mass of the aluminum alloy material includes but is not limited to 5%, 5.2%, 5.5%, 5.8%, 6%, 6.2%, 6.5%, 6.8%, 7%, 7.2%, 7.5%, 7.8%, 8%, 8.2%, 8.5%, 8.8%, 9%, 9.2%, 9.5%, 9.8%, and 10%.

[0049] Optionally, the mass of the nanoparticles accounts for 5% to 8% of the total mass of the aluminum alloy material.

[0050] By controlling the proportion of nanoparticles in aluminum alloy materials, the room temperature strength and high temperature strength of aluminum alloy materials can be further improved.

[0051] In some of these examples, the mass ratio of nanoparticles to Mg in aluminum alloy materials is (1.5~6):1.

[0052] It will be appreciated that the mass ratio of nanoparticles to Mg includes but is not limited to 1.5:1, 1.8:1, 2:1, 2.2:1, 2.5:1, 2.8:1, 3:1, 3.2:1, 3.5:1, 3.8:1, 4:1, 4.2:1, 4.5:1, 4.8:1, 5:1, 5.2:1, 5.5:1, 5.8:1, and 6:1.

[0053] Optionally, the mass ratio of nanoparticles to Mg is (2~4):1.

[0054] By controlling the mass ratio of nanoparticles to Mg in the aluminum alloy material, the room temperature strength and high temperature strength of the aluminum alloy material can be further improved.

[0055] In some of the examples, in the aluminum alloy material, the oxide particles include at least one of La2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, TiO2, and MgO.

[0056] It can be understood that the oxide particles may contain one of La2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, TiO2 and MgO, or may contain two or more of La2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, TiO2 and MgO.

[0057] In some of the examples, in the aluminum alloy material, the oxide particles include MgO and Y2O3.

[0058] Furthermore, the mass ratio of MgO to Y2O3 is (1~2):1.

[0059] By controlling the types of oxide particles, the room temperature strength and high temperature strength of aluminum alloy materials can be further improved.

[0060] In some of these examples, the oxide particles in aluminum alloy materials have a particle size of 10 nm to 30 nm.

[0061] It is understood that the particle size of the oxide particles includes but is not limited to 10 nm, 12 nm, 15 nm, 18 nm, 20 nm, 22 nm, 25 nm, 28 nm, and 30 nm.

[0062] In some of these examples, the mass of the graphene layer in the aluminum alloy material is 10% to 30% of the total mass of the nanoparticles.

[0063] It can be understood that the percentage of the mass of the graphene layer to the total mass of the nanoparticles includes but is not limited to 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 28%, and 30%. It can be further understood that by controlling the mass proportion of the graphene layer in the nanoparticles and combining the mass proportion of the nanoparticles in the aluminum alloy material, the mass proportion of the graphene in the aluminum alloy material can be obtained. For example, in the aluminum alloy material, the mass proportion of the nanoparticles is 5% to 10%, and the mass of the graphene layer is 10% to 30% of the total mass of the nanoparticles, that is, the mass proportion of the graphene layer in the aluminum alloy material is 0.5% to 3%. It can be further understood that the mass proportion of the graphene layer in the aluminum alloy material includes but is not limited to 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3%.

[0064] Such control can further improve the room temperature strength and high temperature strength of aluminum alloy materials.

[0065] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Providing powder raw materials according to the composition of the above aluminum alloy material;

[0067] After the powder raw materials are mixed, molding treatment, thermoplastic deformation treatment and heat treatment are carried out in sequence.

[0068] It can be understood that the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material can be prepared by the preparation method of the aluminum alloy material provided in the present application, and can also be prepared by other methods; it can be further understood that the characteristics between the aluminum alloy material provided in the present application and the preparation method of the aluminum alloy material can be applicable to each other.

[0069] In some examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the method for preparing the nanoparticles includes the following steps:

[0070] The graphene layer is grown on the surface of the oxide particles using chemical vapor deposition.

[0071] By in situ growing a graphene (GNPs) coating on the surface of oxide particles, the dispersion of nanoparticles in the aluminum matrix can be further improved, thereby further improving the room temperature and high temperature strength of aluminum alloy materials.

[0072] In some of these examples, the method for preparing nanoparticles by chemical vapor deposition includes a deposition phase and a growth phase.

[0073] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing nanoparticles, the atmosphere during the deposition stage is a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and argon.

[0074] Furthermore, in the mixed gas, the volume ratio of hydrogen, argon and methane is (10~30):(10~30):1.

[0075] It can be understood that the volume ratio of argon to methane is (10~30):1, and the volume ratio of hydrogen to methane is (10~30):1; it can be further understood that the volume ratio of argon to methane includes but is not limited to 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1; the volume ratio of hydrogen to methane includes but is not limited to 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1.

[0076] In some specific examples, in the method for preparing nanoparticles, the volume ratio of hydrogen, argon and methane is 20:20:1.

[0077] In some of the examples, during the deposition phase, the flow rate of argon is 50 sccm~200 sccm, the flow rate of hydrogen is 50 sccm~200 sccm, and the flow rate of methane is 2 sccm~10 sccm.

[0078] It can be understood that during the deposition stage, the flow rate of argon gas includes but is not limited to 50 sccm, 80 sccm, 100 sccm, 120 sccm, 150 sccm, 180 sccm, and 200 sccm; the flow rate of hydrogen gas includes but is not limited to 50 sccm, 80 sccm, 100 sccm, 120 sccm, 150 sccm, 180 sccm, and 200 sccm; the flow rate of methane includes but is not limited to 2 sccm, 5 sccm, 8 sccm, and 10 sccm.

[0079] In some of these examples, the nanoparticles are prepared in a method wherein the temperature during the deposition phase is 300°C to 400°C and the growth time is 1 h to 3 h.

[0080] It will be understood that the temperature in the deposition stage includes but is not limited to 300°C, 310°C, 320°C, 330°C, 340°C, 350°C, 360°C, 370°C, 380°C, 390°C, and 400°C, and the growth time includes but is not limited to 1 h, 1.2 h, 1.5 h, 1.8 h, 2 h, 2.2 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, and 3 h.

[0081] In some of these examples, in the method for preparing nanoparticles, the temperature of the growth stage is 1000℃~1200℃, and the growth time is 1 h~3 h.

[0082] It will be appreciated that the temperature during the growth phase includes but is not limited to 1000°C, 1010°C, 1020°C, 1030°C, 1040°C, 1050°C, 1060°C, 1080°C, 1100°C, 1120°C, 1150°C, 1180°C, 1200°C, and the growth time includes but is not limited to 1 h, 1.2 h, 1.5 h, 1.8 h, 2 h, 2.2 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, 3 h.

[0083] In some of these examples, argon gas was purged during the growth phase.

[0084] In some examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the method for preparing the nanoparticles includes the following steps:

[0085] Argon, hydrogen and methane gases are introduced, and the oxide particles are first heated to deposit graphene on the surface of the oxide particles; then, argon gas is continuously introduced and a second heating is performed to grow graphene, thereby obtaining nanoparticles with graphene-like layers formed on the surface of the oxide particles.

[0086] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing aluminum alloy materials, the diameter of aluminum powder in the raw material powder is 10 μm~80 μm.

[0087] It can be understood that the diameter of the aluminum powder includes but is not limited to 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, and 80 μm.

[0088] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the forming process includes but is not limited to hot isostatic pressing.

[0089] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the forming process temperature is 450°C~520°C and the applied pressure is 110 MPa~120 MPa.

[0090] It can be understood that the temperature of the molding process includes but is not limited to 450°C, 460°C, 470°C, 480°C, 490°C, 500°C, 510°C, and 520°C, and the applied pressure is 110 MPa, 112 MPa, 115 MPa, 118 MPa, and 120 MPa.

[0091] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the forming process time is 1 h to 3 h.

[0092] It can be understood that the time for the molding process includes but is not limited to 10 h, 11 h, 12 h, 13 h, 14 h, and 15 h.

[0093] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the hot plastic deformation process includes one of a hot extrusion process, a rolling process, and a forging process.

[0094] In some of the examples, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy material, the hot plastic deformation treatment is a hot extrusion treatment, the hot extrusion treatment temperature is 360°C~400°C, the extrusion ratio is (2~6):1, and the extrusion rate is 0.4 mm / s~1 mm / s.

[0095] It can be understood that the hot extrusion treatment temperature includes but is not limited to 360°C, 370°C, 380°C, 390°C, and 400°C, the extrusion ratio includes but is not limited to 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, and 6:1, and the extrusion rate includes but is not limited to 0.4 mm / s, 0.5 mm / s, 0.6 mm / s, 0.7 mm / s, 0.8 mm / s, 0.9 mm / s, and 1 mm / s.

[0096] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the heat treatment includes sequentially performing a solution treatment and an aging treatment.

[0097] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the solution treatment temperature is 450°C~480°C, and the time is 1 h~3 h.

[0098] It can be understood that the temperature of the solution treatment includes but is not limited to 450°C, 460°C, 470°C, and 480°C, and the time includes but is not limited to 1 h, 1.2 h, 1.5 h, 1.8 h, 2 h, 2.2 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, and 3 h.

[0099] In some of the examples, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material, the aging treatment temperature is 150°C~175°C, and the time is 10 h~15 h.

[0100] It can be understood that the temperature of aging treatment includes but is not limited to 150°C, 155°C, 160°C, 165°C, 170°C, 175°C, and the time includes but is not limited to 10 h, 11 h, 12 h, 13 h, 14 h, 15 h.

[0101] One embodiment of the present application provides the use of the above aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above preparation method in preparing aluminum alloy products. Another embodiment of the present application provides an aluminum alloy product, including the above aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above preparation method.

[0102] The aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above preparation method is used to prepare aluminum alloy products, which can give the aluminum alloy products higher high-temperature strength and room-temperature strength.

[0103] In some of the embodiments, the aluminum alloy products can be used in aerospace, high voltage power transmission, nuclear spent fuel storage, oil drilling and other fields, including but not limited to automotive aluminum castings, wires and cables, rail profiles, aircraft, and engines.

[0104] In some embodiments, the material of the aluminum alloy product may be the aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, that is, the aluminum alloy product is directly prepared by using the aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method. In other embodiments, the material of the aluminum alloy product may include other materials in addition to the aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0105] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods, but the implementation methods of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0106] Example 1

[0107] (1) 100 sccm of argon, 100 sccm of hydrogen and 5 sccm of methane were continuously introduced into the tube furnace, and MgO particles (particle size of 10 nm~15 nm) were selected as the growth substrate of graphene. In this environment, the heating temperature was adjusted to 300°C, and the gas was continuously introduced for 2 h to complete the deposition of graphene on the MgO surface. Then, 200 sccm of argon was continuously introduced into the tube furnace, and the heating temperature was adjusted to 1200°C in this environment. The gas was continuously introduced for 2 h to complete the growth of graphene on the MgO surface and form a graphene-like coating, that is, to prepare MgO nanoparticles. The mass proportion of graphene in the MgO nanoparticles was 12.5%.

[0108] (2) Raw materials are provided in the proportion of Zn 4.6 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.6 wt.%, MgO nanoparticles 8 wt.%, and the remainder Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then placed in an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed, and sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0109] (3) The mixed powder prepared in step (2) is hot isostatically pressed at a molding temperature of 480° C., an applied pressure of 110 MPa to 120 MPa, and a holding time of 2 h to obtain an ingot.

[0110] (4) The ingot obtained in step (3) is hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 380° C., an extrusion ratio of 4:1, and an extrusion rate of 0.6 mm / s to obtain an alloy intermediate.

[0111] (5) The alloy intermediate is subjected to heat treatment, including solution treatment and aging treatment. The temperature of the solution treatment is 450°C and the time of the solution treatment is 2 h. The temperature of the aging treatment is 150°C and the time of the aging treatment is 12 h, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy material.

[0112] Example 2

[0113] (1) 100 sccm of argon, 100 sccm of hydrogen and 5 sccm of methane were continuously introduced into the tube furnace, and Y2O3 particles (particle size of 10 nm~15 nm) were selected as the growth substrate of graphene. In this environment, the heating temperature was adjusted to 400℃, and the gas was continuously introduced for 2 h to complete the deposition of graphene on the Y2O3 surface. Then, 200 sccm of argon was continuously introduced into the tube furnace, and the heating temperature was adjusted to 1000℃ in this environment. The gas was continuously introduced for 2 h to complete the growth of graphene on the Y2O3 surface and form a graphene-like coating, that is, to prepare Y2O3 nanoparticles, in which the mass proportion of graphene in the nanoparticles was 12.5%.

[0114] (2) Provide raw materials in the proportion of Zn 5.6 wt.%, Mg 1.8 wt.%, Cu 1.9 wt.%, Y2O3 nanoparticles 5 wt.%, and the remainder Al, mix the raw materials, mix them in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h, then put the mixed powder into an aluminum alloy bag, perform vacuum degassing, and then seal to obtain a mixed powder.

[0115] (3) The mixed powder prepared in step (2) is hot isostatically pressed at a molding temperature of 520° C., an applied pressure of 110 MPa to 120 MPa, and a holding time of 2 h to obtain an ingot.

[0116] (4) The ingot obtained in step (3) is hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 400° C., an extrusion ratio of 4:1, and an extrusion rate of 1 mm / s to obtain an alloy intermediate.

[0117] (5) The alloy intermediate is subjected to heat treatment, including solution treatment and aging treatment. The temperature of the solution treatment is 480°C and the time of the solution treatment is 2 h. The temperature of the aging treatment is 175°C and the time of the aging treatment is 12 h, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy material.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] (1) 100 sccm of argon, 100 sccm of hydrogen and 5 sccm of methane were continuously introduced into the tube furnace, TiO2 particles (particle size of 10 nm~15 nm) were selected as the growth substrate of graphene, and the heating temperature was adjusted to 350°C in this environment. The gas was continuously introduced for 2 h to complete the deposition of graphene on the TiO2 surface. Then, 200 sccm of argon was continuously introduced into the tube furnace. The heating temperature was adjusted to 1000°C in this environment. The gas was continuously introduced for 2 h to complete the growth of graphene on the TiO2 surface and form a graphene-like coating, that is, to prepare TiO2 nanoparticles, in which the mass proportion of graphene in the nanoparticles was 12.5%.

[0120] (2) Provide raw materials in the proportion of Zn 6.1 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.2 wt.%, TiO2 nanoparticles 8 wt.%, and the remainder Al, mix the raw materials, and mix them in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. Then, put the mixed powder into an aluminum alloy bag, perform vacuum degassing, and then seal it to obtain a mixed powder.

[0121] (3) The mixed powder prepared in step (2) is hot isostatically pressed at a molding temperature of 450° C., an applied pressure of 110 MPa to 120 MPa, and a holding time of 2 h to obtain an ingot.

[0122] (4) The ingot obtained in step (3) is hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 370° C., an extrusion ratio of 4:1, and an extrusion rate of 1 mm / s to obtain an alloy intermediate.

[0123] (5) The alloy intermediate is subjected to heat treatment, including solution treatment and aging treatment. The temperature of the solution treatment is 480°C and the time of the solution treatment is 2 h. The temperature of the aging treatment is 150°C and the time of the aging treatment is 12 h, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy material.

[0124] Example 4

[0125] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that step (2) is as follows:

[0126] (2) Raw materials are provided in the proportion of 4.6 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.6 wt.%, MgO nanoparticles 10 wt.%, and the rest Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then placed in an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed, and sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0127] Example 5

[0128] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that step (2) is as follows:

[0129] (2) Raw materials are provided in the proportion of 4.6 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.6 wt.%, MgO nanoparticles 12 wt.%, and the remainder Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then placed in an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed, and sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0130] Example 6

[0131] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that, in step (1) of Example 6, La2O3 particles (with a particle size of 10 nm to 15 nm) are selected as the growth substrate of graphene to prepare La2O3 nanoparticles; and in step (2) of Example 6, the MgO nanoparticles in step (2) of Example 1 are replaced with La2O3 nanoparticles of equal mass.

[0132] Example 7

[0133] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that in step (2) of Example 7, the MgO nanoparticles in step (2) of Example 1 are replaced by MgO nanoparticles (prepared in Example 1) and La2O3 nanoparticles (prepared in Example 6) in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the total mass of the MgO nanoparticles and the La2O3 nanoparticles is the same as the mass of the MgO nanoparticles in step (2) of Example 1.

[0134] Comparative Example 1

[0135] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that step (1) of Example 1 is omitted, and Comparative Example 1 directly mixes the MgO particles used as the graphene growth substrate in step (1) of Example 1 with other components. Specifically:

[0136] (1) Raw materials are provided in the proportion of Zn 4.6 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.6 wt.%, MgO particles (without graphene layer on the surface) 8 wt.%, and the rest Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then placed in an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed, and then sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0137] (2) The mixed powder prepared in step (1) is subjected to hot isostatic pressing at a molding temperature of 480° C., an applied pressure of 110 MPa to 120 MPa, and a holding time of 2 h to obtain an ingot.

[0138] (3) The ingot obtained in step (2) is hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 380° C., an extrusion ratio of 4:1, and an extrusion rate of 0.6 mm / s to obtain an alloy intermediate.

[0139] (4) The alloy intermediate is subjected to heat treatment, including solution treatment and aging treatment. The temperature of the solution treatment is 450°C and the time of the solution treatment is 2 h; the temperature of the aging treatment is 150°C and the time of the aging treatment is 12 h, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy material.

[0140] Comparative Example 2

[0141] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that in step (2), no MgO nanoparticles are added.

[0142] Comparative Example 3

[0143] The method is basically the same as Example 6, except that step (2) is as follows:

[0144] (2) Raw materials are provided in the proportion of 4.6 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.6 wt.%, La2O3 nanoparticles 18 wt.%, and the remainder Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then placed in an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed, and sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0145] Comparative Example 4

[0146] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that step (2) is as follows:

[0147] (2) Raw materials are provided in the proportion of 4.6 wt.%, Zn 2.4 wt.%, Mg 1.6 wt.%, and MgO nanoparticles 1 wt.%, with the remainder being Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then placed in an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed, and sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0148] Comparative Example 5

[0149] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that step (1) is omitted, and the MgO particles and GNPs used as the graphene growth substrate in step (1) of Example 1 are directly mixed with other components, specifically:

[0150] The raw materials are provided according to Zn 4.6 wt.%, Mg 2.4 wt.%, Cu 1.6 wt.%, MgO particles 8 wt.%, GNPs 1 wt.%, and the rest is Al. The raw materials are mixed and mixed in a V-type powder mixer for more than 24 h. The mixed powder is then put into an aluminum alloy bag, vacuum degassed and then sealed to obtain a mixed powder.

[0151] The obtained mixed powder is further used to prepare aluminum alloy material according to steps (3) to (5) of Example 1.

[0152] The components of the aluminum alloy materials in the embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0153] Table 1

[0154]

[0155] The aluminum alloy materials prepared in each embodiment and comparative example were respectively subjected to tensile strength tests, and the test temperatures were room temperature (GB / T 228.1-2021 "Tensile test of metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test method"), 300°C and 500°C (GB / T 228.2-2015 "Tensile test of metallic materials Part 2: High temperature test method"), and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0156] Table 2

[0157]

[0158] It can be seen from Table 2 that compared with the comparative example, the room temperature tensile strength and high temperature tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material prepared in the embodiment are higher.

[0159] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0160] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, which is convenient for understanding the technical solution of the present application in detail, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the scope of protection of the present application. It should be understood that the technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the technical solutions provided in the present application are all within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of this application shall be based on the content of the attached claims, and the description can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy material, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, it includes the following components: Zn 4%-8%, Mg 1%-4%, Cu 1%-3%, nanoparticles 3%-12% and the balance Al; the nanoparticles are oxide particles having a graphene layer on the surface.

2. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the nanoparticles accounts for 5% to 10% of the total mass of the aluminum alloy material.

3. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the nanoparticles to Mg is (1.5-6):

1.

4. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, it includes the following components: Zn 4.6%~6.5%, Mg 1.8%~2.9%, Cu 1.2%~1.9%, nanoparticles 5%~10% and the balance Al.

5. The aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The oxide particles include at least one of La2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, TiO2 and MgO.

6. The aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The particle size of the oxide particles is 10 nm to 30 nm, and the mass of the graphene layer is 10% to 30% of the total mass of the nanoparticles.

7. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Providing a powder raw material according to the composition of the aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 6; After the powder raw materials are mixed, molding treatment, thermoplastic deformation treatment and heat treatment are sequentially performed.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for preparing the nanoparticles comprises the following steps: A graphene layer is grown on the surface of the oxide particles by chemical vapor deposition.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The chemical vapor deposition includes a deposition phase and a growth phase, and the chemical vapor deposition satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The atmosphere during the deposition stage is a mixed gas of methane, hydrogen and argon; (2) The temperature of the deposition stage is 300°C to 400°C, and the growth time is 1 h to 3 h; (3) The temperature of the growth stage is 1000°C to 1200°C, and the growth time is 1 h to 3 h.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The preparation method meets at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The temperature of the molding process is 450°C to 520°C, and the applied pressure is 110 MPa to 120 MPa; (2) The thermoplastic deformation treatment includes one of hot extrusion treatment, rolling treatment and forging treatment; (3) The thermoplastic deformation treatment is a hot extrusion treatment, the hot extrusion treatment temperature is 360°C to 400°C, the extrusion ratio is (2 to 6):1, and the extrusion rate is 0.4 mm / s to 1 mm / s; (4) The heat treatment includes solution treatment and aging treatment in sequence, wherein the temperature of the solution treatment is 450°C to 480°C and the time is 1 h to 3 h; the temperature of the aging treatment is 150°C to 175°C and the time is 10 h to 15 h.

11. An aluminum alloy product, characterized in that: It includes the aluminum alloy material as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 or the aluminum alloy material prepared by the preparation method as described in any one of claims 7 to 10.

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