Rock mass internal settlement monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system and monitoring method, and relates to the field of geotechnical engineering deformation monitoring, and the rock mass internal settlement monitoring system comprises a settlement monitoring system and a monitor system. The settlement monitoring system comprises a hollow monitoring pipe with two open ends; the auxiliary guide head is connected with the monitoring pipe; the monitoring pipe is sleeved with the monitoring mark; and the monitor system can be correspondingly and movably adjusted along the hollow inner wall of the monitoring pipe. The monitoring mark is buried in the slurry filled in the drill hole, the slurry is anchored with the hole wall of the drill hole, and the monitoring mark and the rock stratum are driven to synchronously move and deform, so that the range limitation of a traditional mounting base or a limiting ring is eliminated, the influence of hole wall block stone falling on the position of the monitoring mark is avoided, and the precision of rock stratum settlement monitoring can be further improved. For monitoring marks of different specifications, the magnetic intensities generated by the settlement monitor are different, and the monitoring marks at different positions are distinguished according to the difference of the magnetic intensity amplitudes, so that the settlement information of the rock stratum can still be accurately monitored under the condition that part of the monitoring marks are invalid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to geotechnical engineering deformation monitoring, and in particular to a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Underground mining of coal resources forms goafs, and the original stress balance state of the surrounding rock mass is destroyed. The stress redistribution reaches a new balance. In this process, the overlying strata and the surface of the goafs produce continuous movement, deformation and discontinuous destruction, resulting in surface collapse and delamination inside the rock mass, which will have serious consequences for the advancement of ground structures and underground projects. Monitoring the settlement of rock and soil can provide a good basis for the stability evaluation of the mining area, the determination and management of unstable layers, and can effectively alleviate the harm caused by uneven settlement of the goaf site.

[0003] At present, the settlement monitoring of rock and soil bodies mainly adopts distributed fiber optic sensing technology, multi-point displacement meters, layered settlement magnetic rings, etc. Among them, distributed optical fiber can only work within the elastic range and the material itself is relatively fragile, and the coupling relationship with the rock and soil is unclear, which makes it not applicable to the layered settlement monitoring of rock and soil bodies. The problem with the multi-point displacement meter is that the borehole volume is limited, and the multi-point displacement meter used in the industry can install up to 6 observation base points, and the observation accuracy and range are limited. When the layered settlement magnetic ring is used to monitor the settlement of rock formations, the anchoring force of the spring sheet outside the magnetic ring is weak and cannot fit tightly with the rock wall of the borehole. When the monitoring depth is large, the installation catheter is easy to disconnect at the connection; the gap between the layered settlement magnetic ring and the catheter is small. When the rock cuttings and soil particles dropped from the borehole jam the gap, the measurement function will be lost. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: to provide a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system, and further to provide a monitoring method based on the above rock mass internal settlement monitoring system, so as to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] Technical solution: An internal settlement monitoring system, including a settlement monitoring system and a monitoring instrument system.

[0006] The settlement monitoring system includes a monitoring pipe with a predetermined operating length, which is hollow and open at both ends; an auxiliary guide head connected to the monitoring pipe and having a predetermined operating size; a monitoring mark which is sleeved outside the monitoring pipe and has a predetermined operating distance between the monitoring mark and the monitoring pipe;

[0007] The monitoring instrument system has a predetermined operating size and can be adjusted accordingly along the hollow inner wall of the monitoring tube.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the monitoring system includes three parts: a settlement monitor, a support rod and a pulley; the settlement monitor is made of a magnetic sensor and has a predetermined operating size; the support rod has a predetermined operating length and supporting force, and is movably connected to the working surface of the settlement monitor through a positioning shaft, and there are multiple support rods, which can perform movable adjustment operations within a predetermined range; the pulley is connected to the support rod, has a predetermined operating size, and there are multiple support rods, which are symmetrically distributed on the working surface of the support rod, and can perform all-round rotation adjustment operations.

[0009] In a further embodiment, the hollow inner wall surface of the monitoring tube is provided with a slideway of a predetermined working length, and the pulley is movably connected in the slideway, and can perform movable adjustment operations within a predetermined range along the working surface of the slideway, and there are multiple slideways, which are symmetrically arranged on the hollow inner wall surface of the monitoring tube.

[0010] In a further embodiment, a communication cable is connected to the top position of the settlement monitor in the operating direction. The communication cable has a predetermined operating length and is used to transmit the magnetic field strength detected by the settlement monitor and the depth information of the settlement monitor.

[0011] A monitoring method of a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. Apply the drag reducer evenly on the outer wall of the monitoring pipe and ensure that the drag reducer reaches the predetermined thickness. Then fix the auxiliary guide head at the bottom position of the monitoring pipe in the operating direction, connect the monitoring pipe section by section, and lower it to the bottom of the borehole;

[0013] S2. After the monitoring tube is lowered, fill the gap between the borehole and the monitoring tube with fillers. When the fillers are filled to a certain height, the monitoring mark is placed outside the monitoring tube and lowered to the top of the fillers. Then, the filling is continued. When the specified height is reached, the monitoring mark is lowered again, and so on, until the filling reaches the ground.

[0014] S3. Slowly lower the settlement monitor into the hollow chamber of the monitoring tube. When the settlement monitor is near the monitoring mark, the magnetic intensity signal sensed by the settlement monitor will continue to increase until the magnetic intensity signal at the center of the monitor reaches a peak value. The position of the magnetic intensity peak point is very close to the position of the monitoring mark.

[0015] S4. Record the position data of each monitoring target and store the recorded position data.

[0016] In a further embodiment, when the sedimentation monitor reaches the location of monitoring marks of different shapes and structures, it identifies the identity number information of the monitoring marks based on the difference in detected magnetic intensity, thereby preventing some monitoring marks from being damaged during the monitoring period and affecting the processing and analysis of subsequent monitoring data.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the magnetic intensity detected by the settlement monitor and its depth information are transmitted to a data acquisition instrument via a communication cable. The data acquisition instrument includes two parts: a data storage module and a data transmission module; the data storage module is used to store the settlement data monitored on site, and the data transmission module is used to upload the settlement source data monitored on site to the cloud in real time through an embedded mobile network.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the data transmission module uploads the data to the cloud in real time. In order to overcome the influence of the weight of the communication cable itself and the settlement monitor on the elongation of the communication cable on the settlement monitoring accuracy, the calculation method of the communication cable elongation correction is as follows:

[0019] Elongation of the communication cable caused by the settlement monitor:

[0020] ΔL1=mg / k=mgL / EA

[0021] Elongation caused by the weight of the communication cable:

[0022] ΔL2=ρAgL / 2k=ρAgL / 2EA

[0023] Total extension of communication cable:

[0024]

[0025] During on-site monitoring, the actual depth of the settlement monitor is:

[0026]

[0027] Wherein, E is the elastic modulus of the communication cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the communication cable, k is the stiffness coefficient of the communication cable, L is the length of the communication cable placed in the hole, g is the acceleration of gravity, ρ is the density of the communication cable, m is the mass of the settlement monitor, and ΔL is the stretching amount of the communication cable 8.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The present invention relates to a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system and a monitoring method, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) Improve the monitoring range. The monitoring mark is buried in the slurry filled in the borehole. The slurry is anchored to the borehole wall and drives the monitoring mark to move and deform synchronously with the rock formation, eliminating the range limitation of the traditional installation base or limit ring.

[0030] (2) Improve monitoring accuracy. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, a settlement monitoring instrument is formed. The magnetic induction intensity reaches its peak only when it passes through the settlement mark, and the position of the monitoring mark can be accurately identified. At the same time, the monitoring mark is directly buried in the slurry filled in the borehole, avoiding the influence of the falling of the block rock on the borehole wall on the position of the monitoring mark, which can further improve the accuracy of rock formation settlement monitoring.

[0031] (3) Identify the identity information of monitoring markers. For monitoring markers of different specifications, the magnetic intensity generated by the settlement monitor is different. The monitoring markers at different locations are identified based on the difference in magnetic intensity amplitude, ensuring that even if some monitoring markers fail, the settlement information of the rock formation can still be accurately monitored. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the rock and soil settlement monitoring system.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram for monitoring the internal settlement of rock and soil.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the internal settlement monitoring system of rock and soil.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the settlement monitor.

[0036] Figure 5 This is the data processing flow chart of the cloud platform.

[0037] The reference numerals in the figure are: ground 1, borehole 2, monitoring pipe 3, slideway 3-1, monitoring mark 4, filler 5, drag reducer 6, auxiliary guide head 7, communication cable 8, pulley 9, settlement monitor 10, positioning shaft 11, support rod 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features well known in the art are not described.

[0039] The applicant believes that the existing patents mainly focus on inclinometers, but not much research has been done on stratified settlement monitoring of rock and soil, and the research is mainly focused on shallow soil layers. The current shortcomings of the stratified settlement monitoring equipment and methods for deep rock and soil are as follows: (1) The monitoring range is small; (2) Data collection is traditional, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the monitoring data has large errors and poor accuracy; (3) The monitoring mark is not synchronized with the movement and deformation of the rock layer, and the monitoring data is invalid; (4) The success rate of settlement mark installation is low, and the installation method has great drawbacks.

[0040] To this end, the applicant has designed a rock internal settlement monitoring system and monitoring method, in which the monitoring mark 4 is buried in the slurry filled in the borehole 2, the slurry is anchored to the borehole 2 wall, and the monitoring mark 4 is driven to move and deform synchronously with the rock formation, eliminating the range limitation of the traditional installation base or limit ring, avoiding the influence of the falling of the hole wall block on the position of the monitoring mark 4, and can further improve the accuracy of rock formation settlement monitoring. For monitoring marks 4 of different specifications, the magnetic intensity generated by the settlement monitor 10 is different, and the monitoring marks 4 at different positions are identified according to the difference in the magnetic intensity amplitude, ensuring that the settlement information of the rock formation can still be accurately monitored when some monitoring marks 4 fail.

[0041] The rock mass internal settlement monitoring system involved in the present invention mainly comprises two parts: a settlement monitoring system and a monitoring instrument system.

[0042] The settlement monitoring system comprises a monitoring pipe 3 with a predetermined working length, which is hollow and open at both ends; an auxiliary guide head 7 connected to the monitoring pipe 3 and having a predetermined working size; a monitoring mark 4 which is sleeved outside the monitoring pipe 3 and has a predetermined working distance between the monitoring mark 4 and the monitoring pipe 3;

[0043] The monitoring instrument system has a predetermined operating size and can be adjusted accordingly along the hollow inner wall of the monitoring tube 3 .

[0044] The monitoring system includes three parts: a settlement monitor 10, a support rod 12 and a pulley 9; the settlement monitor 10 is made of a magnetic sensor and has a predetermined operating size; the support rod 12 has a predetermined operating length and supporting force, and is movably connected to the operating surface of the settlement monitor 10 through a positioning shaft 11, and there are multiple support rods, which can perform movable adjustment operations within a predetermined range; the pulley 9 is connected to the support rod 12, has a predetermined operating size, and there are multiple support rods, which are symmetrically distributed on the operating surface of the support rod 12, and can perform all-round rotation adjustment operations.

[0045] The hollow inner wall surface of the monitoring tube 3 is provided with a slideway 3-1 of a predetermined working length, and the pulley 9 is movably connected in the slideway 3-1, and can be adjusted within a predetermined range along the working surface of the slideway 3-1. There are multiple slideways 3-1, which are symmetrically arranged on the hollow inner wall surface of the monitoring tube 3.

[0046] A communication cable 8 is connected to the top position of the settlement monitor 10 in the operating direction. The communication cable 8 has a predetermined operating length and is used to transmit the magnetic field strength detected by the settlement monitor 10 and the depth information of the settlement monitor 10 .

[0047] Based on the above rock mass internal settlement monitoring system, the present invention proposes a monitoring method of the rock mass internal settlement monitoring system, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0048] First, the drag reducer 6 is evenly applied on the outer wall of the monitoring pipe 3, and the drag reducer 6 is ensured to reach a predetermined thickness. Then, the auxiliary guide head 7 is fixed at the bottom position of the monitoring pipe 3 in the working direction, and the monitoring pipe 3 is connected section by section and lowered to the bottom of the borehole 2.

[0049] Next, when the monitoring tube 3 is lowered, the gap between the borehole 2 and the monitoring tube 3 is filled with fillers. When the fillers are filled to a certain height, the monitoring mark 4 is put outside the monitoring tube 3 and lowered to the top surface of the fillers, and then the filling is continued. When the specified height is reached, the monitoring mark 4 is lowered again, and so on, until the filling reaches the ground 1;

[0050] Subsequently, the settlement monitor 10 is slowly lowered into the hollow chamber of the monitoring tube 3. When the settlement monitor 10 is located near the monitoring mark 4, the magnetic intensity signal sensed by the settlement monitor 10 will continue to increase until the magnetic intensity signal at the center of the monitor reaches a peak value, and the position of the magnetic intensity peak point is at the position of the monitoring mark 4.

[0051] Finally, the position of each monitoring mark 4 is identified, determined and recorded, and the recorded position data is stored.

[0052] When the settlement monitor 10 reaches the position of the monitoring mark 4 of different shapes and structures, it identifies the identity number information of the monitoring mark 4 according to the difference in the detected magnetic intensity, thereby preventing some monitoring marks 4 from being damaged during the monitoring period and affecting the processing and analysis of subsequent monitoring data.

[0053] The magnetic intensity and depth information detected by the settlement monitor 10 are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument through the communication cable 8. The data acquisition instrument consists of two parts: a data storage module and a data transmission module; the data storage module is used to store the settlement data monitored on site, and the data transmission module is used to upload the settlement source data monitored on site to the cloud in real time through the embedded mobile network.

[0054] The data transmission module uploads the data to the cloud in real time and calculates the elongation correction of the communication cable 8 to overcome the influence of the weight of the communication cable 8 and the elongation of the communication cable 8 on the settlement monitoring accuracy of the settlement monitor 10. The calculation method of the elongation correction of the communication cable 8 is as follows:

[0055] Elongation of the communication cable 8 caused by the settlement monitor 10:

[0056] ΔL1=mg / k=mgL / EA

[0057] Elongation caused by the weight of the communication cable 8:

[0058] ΔL2=ρAgL / 2k=ρAgL / 2EA

[0059] Total extension of communication cable 8:

[0060]

[0061] During the on-site monitoring, the actual depth of the settlement monitor 10 is:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, E is the elastic modulus of the communication cable 8, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the communication cable 8, k is the stiffness coefficient of the communication cable 8, L is the length of the communication cable 8 placed in the hole, g is the gravitational acceleration, ρ is the density of the communication cable 8, m is the mass of the settlement monitor 10, and ΔL is the stretching amount of the communication cable 8.

[0064] In a further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a rock and soil internal settlement monitoring system, which is suitable for settlement monitoring of various rock and soil bodies, and is particularly suitable for monitoring deformation of overburden rock with large depth and settlement generated during mining. It can meet the monitoring requirements of monitoring depth exceeding 500m and settlement greater than 0.5m, and at the same time achieve the purpose of high-precision, automated and low-cost monitoring of rock and soil bodies.

[0065] The internal settlement monitoring system of rock and soil body mainly consists of two parts: monitoring mark 4 module and data acquisition and processing module. The data acquisition and processing module includes settlement monitoring instrument 10 and cloud platform. The data acquisition and processing module is used to detect the monitoring mark 4 fixed in the hole, and transmit the data detected by the settlement monitoring instrument 10 and its depth data to the cloud platform for processing, which is used for monitoring data analysis and early warning of abnormal settlement information.

[0066] The monitoring mark 4 fixed in the borehole 2 is used to settle and displace synchronously with the rock and soil layer, and the settlement monitoring instrument 10 detects the position of the monitoring mark 4 to achieve the purpose of monitoring the settlement of the rock and soil body.

[0067] This solution can meet the monitoring needs in different subdivided scenarios, such as different monitoring point layout densities, monitoring depths, cycles, frequencies, etc., and can achieve settlement monitoring inside rock and soil bodies in all scenarios.

[0068] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0069] A rock and soil internal settlement monitoring system comprises a monitoring mark 4 module and a data acquisition and processing module.

[0070] The monitoring mark 4 module includes the monitoring mark 4 and its installation and fixing structure system, wherein the monitoring mark 4 is arranged in the borehole 2 according to the designed spacing, and deforms synchronously with the rock and soil, and the deformation information of the rock and soil is reflected by the position change of the monitoring mark 4. The monitoring mark 4 is a hollow ring made of high-strength magnets or magnetic materials. The installation and fixing structure system of the monitoring mark 4 includes a monitoring tube 3, an auxiliary guide head 7, a drag reducer 6, and a filler. The monitoring tube 3 is made of high-strength non-metallic material, and the auxiliary guide head 7 is connected to the bottom of the monitoring tube 3. It is a high-strength metal arc structure. When the monitoring tube 3 is lowered into the borehole 2, it prevents the protruding rocks on the inner wall of the borehole 2 from damaging the monitoring tube 3, and ensures that the monitoring tube 3 is smoothly lowered to the bottom of the borehole 2; the drag reducer 6 is arranged on the outer wall of the monitoring tube 3. When the rock formation moves, it ensures that the monitoring tube 3 does not undergo relative displacement or be pulled apart with the settlement of the rock formation. The filler moves with the movement of the rock formation. The filler is located between the drag reducer 6 and the inner wall of the borehole 2. It is mainly used to anchor the monitoring mark 4 and the inner wall of the borehole 2 into a whole, and ensure that the monitoring mark 4 and the rock formation deform synchronously. The installation steps of the monitoring mark 4 mainly include: (1) Lowering the monitoring tube 3: Apply the drag reducer 6 evenly on the outer wall of the monitoring tube 3 to ensure that the thickness is controlled within 1 cm, then fix the auxiliary guide head 7 to the bottom of the monitoring tube 3, and finally connect the monitoring tube 3 section by section and lower it to the bottom of the borehole 2. (2) Fixing the monitoring mark 4: After the monitoring tube 3 is lowered, fill the gap between the borehole 2 and the monitoring tube 3 with fillers. When the filling reaches a certain height, pass the monitoring mark 4 through the monitoring tube 3 and lower it to the top surface of the filler, and then fill it again. After reaching the specified height, carry out the monitoring mark 4 below, and so on, until it is filled to the ground 1. The filler has the characteristics of high strength, fast setting, and high friction coefficient with the rock formation, such as cement fly ash slurry, concrete, etc.

[0071] The drag reducer 6 mainly reduces the friction between the filler and the monitoring tube 3 to prevent the monitoring tube 3 from being damaged due to deformation of the filler, thereby providing a complete monitoring path for the settlement monitor 10. The main types of the drag reducer 6 include molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride, niobium diselenide, vaseline, and the like.

[0072] The data acquisition and processing module mainly consists of a settlement monitor 10, a communication cable 8 and a monitoring tube 3. The settlement monitor 10 is made of a magnetic sensor and can detect the strength of the magnetic field. It mainly includes a pulley 9, a positioning shaft 11, and a support rod 12. The pulley 9 is connected to the end of the support shaft. The support shaft is fixed on the settlement monitor 10 by the positioning shaft 11. The support shaft can be rotated to a specified angle along the positioning shaft 11 to adapt to the width of the slideway 3-1 in the monitoring tube 3. The communication cable 8 is connected to the top of the settlement monitor 10 to transmit the magnetic field strength detected by the settlement monitor 10 and the depth information of the settlement monitor 10. The pulley 9 of the settlement monitor 10 is placed in the slideway 3-1 to prevent the settlement monitor 10 from being offset or flipped, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy. At the same time, it is ensured that the settlement monitor 10 is at the same position during each monitoring, realizing the accurate detection of the signal strength of the monitoring mark 4. Then the settlement monitor 10 is slowly lowered. When the settlement monitor 10 is located near the monitoring mark 4, the magnetic intensity signal sensed by the settlement monitor 10 will continue to increase until the magnetic intensity signal at the center of the ring of the monitoring mark 4 reaches a peak value. The position of the magnetic intensity peak point is the position of the monitoring mark 4. When the settlement monitor 10 reaches the position of the monitoring mark 4 of different shapes and structures, the identity number information of the monitoring mark 4 is identified based on the difference in the detected magnetic intensity, thereby preventing some of the monitoring marks 4 from being damaged during the monitoring period and affecting the processing and analysis of subsequent monitoring data. The communication cable 8 directly transmits the magnetic intensity detected by the settlement monitor 10 and its depth information directly to the cloud for storage. Then the customer can remotely check the settlement data of the monitoring mark 4 at different depths to improve the efficiency of data processing and analysis, and at the same time, alarm for abnormal data that occurs during the monitoring process.

[0073] The magnetic intensity detected by the settlement monitor 10 and its depth information are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument through the communication cable 8. The data acquisition instrument includes two parts: a data storage module and a data transmission module. The data storage module is used to store the settlement data monitored on site, and the data transmission module is used to upload the settlement source data monitored on site, such as signal strength and its corresponding depth, to the cloud in real time through the embedded mobile network. The settlement monitoring data is processed. In order to overcome the influence of the weight of the communication cable 8 itself and the elongation of the communication cable 8 by the settlement monitor 10 on the settlement monitoring accuracy, a calculation method for the correction of the elongation of the communication cable 8 is given:

[0074] E: elastic modulus of the communication cable 8; A: cross-sectional area of ​​the communication cable 8; k: stiffness coefficient of the communication cable 8; L: length of the communication cable 8 placed in the hole; g: gravitational acceleration; ρ density of the communication cable 8; m: mass of the settlement monitor 10; ΔL stretching amount of the communication cable 8.

[0075] Elongation of the communication cable 8 caused by the settlement monitor 10: ΔL1 = mg / k = mgL / EA

[0076] Elongation caused by the weight of the communication cable 8: ΔL2=ρAgL / 2k=ρAgL / 2EA

[0077] Total extension of communication cable 8:

[0078] Therefore, during on-site monitoring, the actual depth of the settlement monitor 10 is:

[0079]

[0080] In addition, customers can remotely check the settlement data of monitoring mark 4 at different depths through mobile phones and computers to improve the efficiency of data processing and analysis. At the same time, they can customize the alarm value of abnormal settlement. When the settlement amount exceeds the alarm value during monitoring, the abnormal settlement data alarm can be sent to the customer, and relevant measures can be taken in time to deal with the abnormal phenomenon.

[0081] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes may be made to it in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rock mass internal settlement monitoring system, characterized in that include: A settlement monitoring system, comprising a monitoring pipe having a predetermined operating length, being hollow and open at both ends; An auxiliary guide head connected to the monitoring pipe and having a predetermined operating size; a monitoring mark sleeved outside the monitoring pipe and having a predetermined operating distance between the monitoring pipe and the monitoring mark; The monitoring instrument system has a predetermined operating size and can be adjusted accordingly along the hollow inner wall of the monitoring tube.

2. A rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring system includes three parts: a settlement monitor, a support rod and a pulley; the settlement monitor is made of a magnetic sensor and has a predetermined operating size; the support rod has a predetermined operating length and supporting force, and is movably connected to the working surface of the settlement monitor through a positioning shaft, and there are multiple support rods, which can perform movable adjustment operations within a predetermined range; the pulley is connected to the support rod, has a predetermined operating size, and there are multiple support rods, which are symmetrically distributed on the working surface of the support rod, and can perform all-round rotation adjustment operations.

3. A rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow inner wall surface of the monitoring tube is provided with a slideway of a predetermined working length, and the pulley is movably connected in the slideway, and can be adjusted within a predetermined range along the working surface of the slideway. There are multiple slideways, which are symmetrically arranged on the hollow inner wall surface of the monitoring tube.

4. A rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A communication cable is connected to the top position of the settlement monitor in the operating direction. The communication cable has a predetermined operating length and is used to transmit the magnetic field strength detected by the settlement monitor and the depth information of the settlement monitor.

5. A monitoring method for a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Apply the drag reducer evenly on the outer wall of the monitoring pipe and ensure that the drag reducer reaches the predetermined thickness. Then fix the auxiliary guide head at the bottom position of the monitoring pipe in the operating direction, connect the monitoring pipe section by section, and lower it to the bottom of the borehole; S2. After the monitoring tube is lowered, fill the gap between the borehole and the monitoring tube with fillers. When the fillers are filled to a certain height, lower the monitoring mark sleeve and the outside of the monitoring tube to the top of the fillers, and then fill again. After reaching the specified height, lower the monitoring mark, and so on, until the filling reaches the ground; S3. Slowly lower the settlement monitor into the hollow chamber of the monitoring tube. When the settlement monitor is near the monitoring mark, the magnetic intensity signal sensed by the settlement monitor will continue to increase until the magnetic intensity signal at the center of the monitor reaches a peak value. The position of the magnetic intensity peak point is the position of the monitoring mark. S4. Identify, judge and read the position of each monitoring mark, and store the recorded position data.

6. The monitoring method of a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the settlement monitor reaches the monitoring mark of different shapes and structures, it identifies the identity number information of the monitoring mark based on the difference in detected magnetic intensity, thus preventing some monitoring marks from being damaged during the monitoring period and affecting the processing and analysis of subsequent monitoring data.

7. The monitoring method of a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetic intensity and depth information detected by the settlement monitor are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument through a communication cable. The data acquisition instrument consists of two parts: a data storage module and a data transmission module. The data storage module is used to store the settlement data monitored on site, and the data transmission module is used to upload the settlement source data monitored on site to the cloud in real time through the embedded mobile network.

8. The monitoring method of a rock mass internal settlement monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data transmission module uploads the data to the cloud in real time. In order to overcome the influence of the weight of the communication cable and the settlement monitor on the elongation of the communication cable on the settlement monitoring accuracy, the calculation method of the communication cable elongation correction is as follows: Elongation of the communication cable caused by the settlement monitor: ΔL1=mgk=mgLEA Elongation caused by the weight of the communication cable: ΔL2=ρAgL2k=ρAgL2EA Total extension of communication cable: During on-site monitoring, the actual depth of the settlement monitor is: Wherein, E is the elastic modulus of the communication cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the communication cable, k is the stiffness coefficient of the communication cable, L is the length of the communication cable placed in the hole, g is the acceleration of gravity, ρ is the density of the communication cable, m is the mass of the settlement monitor, and ΔL is the stretching amount of the communication cable.

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