Device for detecting pitch diameter and groove bottom diameter of piston

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for detecting the pitch diameter and the groove bottom diameter of a piston, and the device comprises two detection mechanisms, and each detection mechanism comprises a detection tool and a measuring head. The detection tool comprises a tool bottom plate, one end, away from the piston, of the tool bottom plate is vertically connected with a supporting frame, the supporting frame is vertically provided with three hinge shafts at equal intervals, the supporting frame is hinged to three mounting plates through the three hinge shafts, and sensors are mounted on the sides, close to the hinge shafts, of the mounting plates. The middle of the vertical seat I and the middle of the vertical seat II are provided with receding openings, guide columns located on the two sides of the sensor are connected between the vertical seat I and the vertical seat II respectively, a sliding seat is connected to the two guide columns in a sliding mode, the guide columns are connected with reset springs in a sleeved mode between the sliding seat and the vertical seat I, the side, away from the piston, of the sliding seat makes contact with the measuring end of the sensor, and the side, close to the piston, of the sliding seat is connected with a connecting plate. According to the invention, detection of the piston ring groove and the groove bottom diameter is completed in one station, and measurement of different piston types can be completed conveniently, rapidly and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of piston detection, and in particular to a device for detecting a piston middle diameter and a groove bottom diameter. Background Art

[0002] The piston is a reciprocating component in the engine cylinder, with a combustion chamber on its top. In order to meet the fuel combustion requirements and full combustion of the fuel in the engine, piston rings are installed in the piston ring grooves. Their functions are to seal the cylinder, lubricate, and transfer heat. If the center diameter and groove bottom diameter are unqualified, it will have a serious impact on the combustion process and engine performance.

[0003] Currently, the piston groove bottom detection is measured separately, and the groove measurement position cannot accurately measure the point position; the piston middle diameter detection cannot achieve this function in the detection machine, and the two size detections are not integrated.

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, the original groove bottom diameter measuring mechanism installs a measuring thin-sheet probe 2 at the measuring end of the sensor 3, contacts the piston groove bottom for measurement, converts the compression amount of the sensor 3 into a digital signal, and outputs the measurement result. However, this structure requires the position of the sensor 3 to be adjusted when replacing the piston 1, and the adjustment position has low accuracy, is time-consuming and labor-intensive; the thin-sheet probe 2 has no guide, and the measurement position may be at the edge of the groove during the measurement process, resulting in inaccurate measurement data, and there is a risk of failure to enter the ring groove, resulting in damage to the sensor 3 and the thin-sheet probe 2; and this structure cannot achieve the measurement of the middle diameter of the piston 1. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device for detecting the piston center diameter and the groove bottom diameter, which can integrate the piston center diameter measurement and the groove bottom diameter measurement in one workstation, and has the characteristics of lean cost reduction, stable and reliable detection quality.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for detecting the middle diameter and groove bottom diameter of a piston is provided, comprising two detection mechanisms symmetrically arranged on both sides of the piston, the detection mechanism comprising a detection tool and three probes detachably mounted on the detection tool and used to measure the middle diameter and the groove bottom diameter; the detection tool comprises a tool bottom plate, an end of the tool bottom plate away from the piston is vertically connected to a support frame, three mutually parallel hinge shafts are arranged at equal intervals above and below the support frame, the support frame is respectively hinged to three mounting plates located directly above the tool bottom plate through the three hinge shafts, and one side of each mounting plate close to the hinge shaft A transversely arranged sensor is installed through a fixed seat, and a seat I and a seat II are arranged on each mounting plate at intervals and opposite to each other. Avoidance openings are arranged in the middle of the seat I and the middle of the seat II, and guide columns located on both sides of the sensor are respectively connected between the seat I and the seat II, and a slide is slidably connected to the two guide columns. A return spring is sleeved and connected to the guide column between the slide and the seat I, and the side of the slide away from the piston contacts the measuring end of the sensor, and the side of the slide close to the piston is connected to a connecting plate extending out of the mounting plate and used for connecting the probe.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom surface of each mounting plate is connected to a buffer block facing the stand II.

[0009] By arranging a buffer block on the bottom plate of the mounting plate, two adjacent mounting plates can be supported and maintained stable by the buffer block.

[0010] Furthermore, a threaded hole is provided on the connection plate, and a corresponding threaded hole is also provided on the measuring head, and the connection plate and the measuring measuring head are connected by screws.

[0011] The connecting plate is provided with threaded holes, which match the threaded holes on the measuring head and can be detachably connected by screws, so that the measuring heads with different piston sizes can be replaced easily.

[0012] Furthermore, the front end of the middle diameter probe for measuring the middle diameter in the probe is a semicircular arc, the diameter of which is equal to the middle diameter of the inclined groove and can extend into the inclined groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the front ends of the two groove bottom probes in the probe for measuring the groove bottom diameter are provided with transition arc surfaces for guiding so as to extend into the piston ring groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the tooling base plate is connected to a translation mechanism through a tooling pad, and the translation mechanism includes a fixed seat and a driving cylinder. A moving block is slidably connected to the fixed seat through two transverse guide rods. The upper part of the moving block is connected to the tooling pad. The driving cylinder is installed on the fixed seat and is located at one end of the two transverse guide rods. The piston rod of the driving cylinder is connected to a side facing the moving block.

[0015] The bottom surface of the tooling base plate is connected to the translation mechanism through the tooling pad. The two detection tools on both sides of the piston can be driven by the driving cylinder in the translation mechanism to move toward or away from each other, so as to measure the piston after the piston is in place. The transverse guide rod on the fixed seat can guide and limit the moving block to ensure the stability of the movement of the upper tooling base plate and the entire detection tooling.

[0016] Furthermore, a receiving groove with the same width as the tooling base plate is opened on the surface of the tooling pad, and threaded positioning holes are opened on both sides of the bottom surface of the receiving groove. Strip through holes are opened on both sides of the tooling base plate corresponding to the threaded positioning holes. The tooling base plate and the two sides of the tooling pad are connected by bolts.

[0017] By opening threaded positioning holes on the tooling pad and cooperating with the strip through holes on both sides of the tooling base plate, the position of the detection tooling on the upper part of the tooling pad can be conveniently adjusted by bolts to better adapt to the measurement tasks of pistons of different sizes.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] The present invention designs two identical detection mechanisms, utilizes two detection fixtures to synchronously move toward each other and approach the piston, and customizes corresponding probes for pistons of different sizes. The detection fixture drives the probe to complete the detection and measurement of the piston ring groove and the groove bottom diameter. The detection fixture can be used to simultaneously realize the detection and measurement of the groove bottom and the ring groove diameter at one workstation. Compared with the prior art, there is no need to tediously adjust the probe position to adapt to the measurement at different positions. The operation is simple and convenient. Only the corresponding probe needs to be installed on the detection fixture according to the product size type to complete the measurement. The measurement data is accurate, and the cost is effectively reduced and the measurement time is reduced.

[0020] The present invention makes up for the limitation that the piston middle diameter detection is performed separately, can quickly complete the detection of the middle diameter and the ring groove diameter, is easy to use, has high production efficiency, and has stable and reliable test quality, thus providing a guarantee for the automatic detection of the piston. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a measuring device in the prior art.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of piston ring groove.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of piston center diameter.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is an isometric view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the two-groove bottom diameter measuring head in the present invention.

[0027] As shown in the figure:

[0028] 1. Piston, 2. Thin-film probe, 3. Sensor, 4. Tool base plate, 5. Support frame, 6. Fixed stand, 7. Stand I, 8. Slide seat, 9. Middle diameter probe, 10. Two-slot bottom diameter probe, 11. Three-slot bottom diameter probe, 12. Buffer block, 13. Reset spring, 14. Tool pad, 15. Moving block, 16. Driving cylinder, 17. Transverse guide rod, 18. Connecting plate, 19. Threaded hole, 20. Stand II, 21. Mounting plate, 22. Long through hole, 23. Articulated shaft, 24. Fixed seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0030] A device for detecting the middle diameter and groove bottom diameter of a piston comprises two detection mechanisms symmetrically arranged on both sides of a piston 1, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a detection tool and three probes detachably mounted on the detection tool and used to measure the middle diameter and groove bottom diameter. Each detection mechanism is connected to a translation mechanism at the bottom of a tool bottom plate 4 to facilitate pushing the detection mechanism for measurement.

[0031] The detection tooling includes a tooling base plate 4, which is connected to a translation mechanism through a tooling pad 14. The translation mechanism includes a fixed seat 24 and a driving cylinder 16. A moving block 15 is slidably connected to the fixed seat 24 through two transverse guide rods 17. The upper part of the moving block 15 is connected to the tooling pad 14. The driving cylinder 16 is installed on the fixed seat 24 and is located at one end of the two transverse guide rods 17. The piston rod of the driving cylinder 16 is connected to a side facing the moving block 15.

[0032] The end of the tooling base plate 4 away from the piston 1 is vertically connected to a support frame 5, and three mutually parallel hinge shafts 23 are arranged at equal intervals above and below the support frame 5. The support frame 5 is respectively hinged to three mounting plates 21 located directly above the tooling base plate 4 through the three hinge shafts 23. The mounting plates 21 are rotatably hinged to the support frame 5 through the hinge shafts 23, which can provide a certain flexibility for the probe connected to the mounting plate 21, so that when the probe is in contact with the piston 1 and subjected to force, a certain angle of rotation occurs, thereby reducing the occurrence of collision damage to the probe. A transversely arranged sensor 3 is installed on one side of each mounting plate 21 close to the hinge shaft 23 through a fixed seat 6. A seat I7 and a seat II20 are also arranged at intervals and opposite to each other on each mounting plate 21, and a buffer block 12 opposite to the seat II20 is connected to the bottom surface of each mounting plate 21.

[0033] The middle of the stand I7 and the middle of the stand II20 are both provided with avoidance openings. The stand I7 and the stand II20 are respectively connected with guide posts located on both sides of the sensor 3. A slide 8 is slidably connected to the two guide posts. The guide posts are sleeved and connected with a reset spring 13 between the slide 8 and the stand I7. The two ends of the reset spring 13 are respectively connected to the slide 8 and the stand I7. The side of the slide 8 away from the piston 1 contacts the measuring end of the sensor 3. The side of the slide 8 close to the piston 1 is connected with a connecting plate 18 extending out of the mounting plate 21 and used to connect the probe. A threaded hole 19 is provided on the connecting plate 18, and a corresponding threaded hole is also provided on the probe. The connecting plate 18 and the probe are connected by screws.

[0034] The front end of the middle diameter probe 9 used for measuring the middle diameter in the probe is a semicircular arc, and its diameter is equal to the middle diameter of the inclined groove and can be inserted into the inclined groove. The front ends of the two-groove groove bottom diameter probe 10 and the three-groove groove bottom diameter probe 11 used for measuring the groove bottom diameter in the probe are provided with a transition arc surface for guidance and can be inserted into the ring groove of the piston 1.

[0035] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the distance between the detection tooling and the piston 1, a accommodating groove with the same width as the tooling base plate 4 is opened on the surface of the tooling pad 14, and threaded positioning holes are opened on both sides of the bottom surface of the accommodating groove. Bar through holes 22 are opened on both sides of the tooling base plate 4 corresponding to the threaded positioning holes, and the tooling base plate 4 is connected to the tooling pad 14 on both sides by bolts.

[0036] Working process of the present invention:

[0037] First, according to the size of the piston to be measured, the corresponding probes are selected, and the probes are installed on the connecting plate 18 of the detection fixture respectively. After the piston 1 reaches the measuring position, the two detection mechanisms in the device are driven by the driving cylinder 16 respectively, and the moving block 15 is driven by the piston rod to move, so that the two detection fixtures move toward each other, and the middle diameter probe 9 and the two groove bottom diameter probes on the detection fixture move toward the corresponding positions of the piston respectively. The front end of the middle diameter probe 9 is a semicircular arc with a diameter equal to the middle diameter of the inclined groove, and extends into the inclined groove. The front ends of the three-groove groove bottom diameter probe 10 and the two-groove groove bottom diameter probe 11 have transition arc surfaces for guiding and extending into the piston ring groove; at this time, the middle diameter probe 9 and the three-groove groove bottom diameter probe 10 and the two-groove groove bottom diameter probe 11 are connected to the piston ring groove. The slide 8 connected to the bottom diameter probe 11 and the two-groove bottom diameter probe 10 will move backward because the probe receives the extrusion reaction force of the piston 1, thereby causing the slide 8 to compress the reset spring 13 backward. At the same time, the slide 8 squeezes the measuring end of the sensor 3. The sensor 3 converts the compression change into a digital signal and transmits the signal. The signal is compared with the value measured by the piston calibration part through a set algorithm. If the value change is within the dimensional tolerance range, the system displays qualified and can continue to detect the next piston 1 middle diameter and the annular groove bottom diameter; if the value change is not within the tolerance range, the system displays unqualified and pushes the measured piston 1 to the unqualified material channel; and the detection cycle is performed in sequence. After the measurement of a piston is completed, the piston rod of the driving cylinder 16 of the translation mechanism is retracted unidirectionally, which can drive the detection mechanisms on both sides of the piston 1 to move away from each other. At this time, the three probes on each detection mechanism will be separated from the piston 1. At the same time, under the reverse action of the reset spring 13, the slide 8 will drive the probe back to the initial position through the connecting plate 18, and restore the contact with the sensor 3 without exerting force on each other.

[0038] This application has been well applied in the piston full-automatic testing machine.

[0039] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter, characterized in that: The invention comprises two detection mechanisms symmetrically arranged on both sides of the piston, the detection mechanism comprises a detection tool and three probes detachably mounted on the detection tool and used to measure the middle diameter and the groove bottom diameter; the detection tool comprises a tool base plate, the end of the tool base plate away from the piston is vertically connected to a support frame, three mutually parallel hinge shafts are evenly spaced above and below the support frame, the support frame is respectively hinged to three mounting plates located directly above the tool base plate through the three hinge shafts, each mounting plate is provided with a laterally arranged sensor through a fixed stand on one side close to the hinge shaft, each mounting plate is also spaced and oppositely arranged with a stand I and a stand II, the middle part of the stand I and the middle part of the stand II are provided with avoidance openings, guide columns located on both sides of the sensor are respectively connected between the stand I and the stand II, a slide seat is slidably connected to the two guide columns, a reset spring is sleeved and connected to the guide column between the slide seat and the stand I, the side of the slide seat away from the piston contacts the measuring end of the sensor, the side of the slide seat close to the piston is connected to a connecting plate extending out of the mounting plate and used to connect the probe.

2. The device for detecting the piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of each mounting plate is connected with a buffer block facing the stand II.

3. The device for detecting piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate is provided with threaded holes, and the measuring head is also provided with corresponding threaded holes, and the connecting plate and the measuring probe are connected by screws.

4. The device for detecting piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the middle diameter probe used for measuring the middle diameter is a semicircular arc, the diameter of which is equal to the middle diameter of the inclined groove and can be extended into the inclined groove.

5. The device for detecting piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front ends of the two groove bottom probes used for measuring the groove bottom diameter are provided with transition arc surfaces for guiding and can extend into the piston ring groove.

6. The device for detecting piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling base plate is connected to a translation mechanism through a tooling pad, and the translation mechanism includes a fixed seat and a driving cylinder. A moving block is slidably connected to the fixed seat through two transverse guide rods. The upper part of the moving block is connected to the tooling pad. The driving cylinder is installed on the fixed seat and is located at one end of the two transverse guide rods. The piston rod of the driving cylinder is connected to a side facing the moving block.

7. The device for detecting piston center diameter and groove bottom diameter according to claim 6, characterized in that: A receiving groove of the same width as the tooling base plate is opened on the surface of the tooling pad, and threaded positioning holes are opened on both sides of the bottom of the receiving groove. Strip through holes are opened on both sides of the tooling base plate corresponding to the threaded positioning holes. The tooling base plate and the two sides of the tooling pad are connected by bolts.

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