Bolt stress detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fastener heat treatment, in particular to a bolt stress detection device and method, and the device comprises a base, a fastening mechanism and a detection mechanism. The fastening mechanism comprises two limiting assemblies. Each limiting assembly comprises a positioning block, a fixing ring, a rotating ring, a guiding sliding block and an adjusting piece. The positioning block is mounted on the base; the fixing ring is fixedly connected with the positioning block; the rotating ring is rotationally connected with the fixed ring; a guide chute is formed in one side, close to the rotating ring, of the fixed ring; planar spiral teeth are arranged on one side of the rotating ring, and arc-shaped teeth meshed with the planar spiral teeth are arranged on one side of the guide sliding block; the adjusting piece is arranged on the rotating ring; the detection mechanism is mounted on the base; through the movement of the guide slide block, the stress detection of to-be-detected bolts of different sizes and specifications is realized, the installation efficiency of the to-be-detected bolts is improved, and the bolt stress detection efficiency is further improved. And meanwhile, the torque stress, the tensile stress, the bending stress and the shearing stress of the to-be-detected bolt can be conveniently detected through the detection mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fastener heat treatment, and in particular to a bolt stress detection device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] A bolt is a cylindrical threaded mechanical part used to fit a nut. It consists of two parts: a bolt head and a screw rod. It is used to fasten and connect two or more parts with through holes. Therefore, the performance of the bolt is one of the important indicators for judging the connection performance of parts. The performance test of the bolt mainly includes tensile stress test, shear stress test, torque stress test and bending stress test.

[0003] The bolt stress detection device in the prior art includes a base, an outer wall of the base is fixedly connected to a placing table, an inner wall of the placing table is fixedly connected to a motor, an output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft, a first pulley and a second screw are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, a fixed block is threadedly connected to the second screw, the fixed block is slidably connected to the placing table, an outer wall of the fixed block is fixedly connected to a first pressure sensor, an outer wall of the first pressure sensor is fixedly connected to a first pressure head, an outer wall of the base is fixedly connected to a support rod, an end of the support rod away from the base is fixedly connected to a top seat, a cylinder is provided on the top seat, a second fixed plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, a second fixed plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fixed plate, a second pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second pressure sensor, a second pressure head is fixedly connected, a positioning block is provided on the placing table, and a fastening ring for fixing the bolt to be tested is detachably connected to the positioning block.

[0004] In the above-mentioned bolt stress detection process, the fastening ring needs to be replaced according to the size of the bolt to be tested, and then the bolt to be tested is fixed on the fastening ring, which means that the fastening ring needs to be replaced when testing bolts of different sizes, affecting the efficiency of bolt stress detection. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of bolt stress detection, the present application provides a bolt stress detection device and a detection method.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a bolt stress detection device, which adopts the following technical solution: A bolt stress detection device comprises a base, a fastening mechanism and a detection mechanism; The fastening mechanism includes two groups of limit assemblies, which are distributed along the axial direction of the bolt to be tested. The limit assemblies include a positioning block, a fixing ring, a rotating ring, a guide slider and an adjusting member. The positioning block is installed on the base; The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the positioning block; The rotating ring is rotatably connected to the fixed ring, and a plurality of guide slots for connecting the guide sliders are provided on one side of the fixed ring close to the rotating ring, and the plurality of guide slots are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixed ring, and each of the guide slots is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed ring; The rotating ring is provided with a plane spiral tooth on one side close to the guide slider, and the guide slider is provided with an arc-shaped tooth meshing with the plane spiral tooth on one side close to the plane spiral tooth; The adjusting member is arranged on the rotating ring, and the adjusting member is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate; The detection mechanism is installed on the base, and the detection mechanism is used for stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the stress of the bolt to be tested is detected, first, the bolt to be tested is passed through the two rotating rings, and then the adjusting member is driven, the adjusting member drives the rotating ring to rotate, and the rotating ring drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the plane spiral teeth drive the arc teeth to move, and the arc teeth drive the guide slider to slide along the length direction of the guide slide groove, slide until the guide slider applies force to the bolt to be tested, so that the bolt to be tested moves to one side of the central axis of the rotating ring, and moves until all the guide sliders are tightly against the bolt to be tested. At this time, the bolt to be tested is located on the central axis of the rotating ring, and the position of the bolt to be tested is fixed, and then the stress of the bolt to be tested is detected by the detection mechanism; the designed bolt stress detection device realizes stress detection of bolts to be tested with different sizes and specifications by moving the guide slider along the radial direction of the rotating ring, avoiding the repeated replacement of the fastening ring during the detection of bolts to be tested with different sizes and specifications in the prior art, and improving the efficiency of bolt stress detection.

[0008] Optionally, the adjusting member includes a driven bevel gear ring, a driving bevel gear and a rotating rod; The driven bevel gear ring is concentrically arranged with the rotating ring, and the driven bevel gear ring is fixedly connected with the rotating ring at a side away from the guide slider; The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the fixing ring, and one end of the rotating rod extending into the inner cavity of the fixing ring is coaxially fixed with the driving bevel gear, and the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating rod is rotated, and the rotating rod drives the active bevel gear to rotate. Since the active bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring, the active bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear ring to rotate, and the driven bevel gear ring drives the rotating ring to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotating ring; the designed adjustment piece is convenient for driving the rotating ring to rotate, thereby realizing the limit clamping of bolts to be tested with different sizes and specifications.

[0010] Optionally, the detection mechanism includes a first stress detection component for detecting the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested, and the first stress detection component includes a sliding block, a first mounting plate, a first pressure sensor and a first hydraulic cylinder; The base is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding block to slide, and the sliding groove is provided along the axial direction of the fixing ring; The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is installed on the base, and the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove; The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate; The first pressure sensor is installed on a side of the first mounting plate away from the first hydraulic cylinder; The first pressure sensor is connected to the sliding block at a side away from the first mounting plate, and the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of one of the positioning blocks.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested is tested, the rotating rod is rotated, and the rotating rod drives the active bevel gear to rotate. Since the active bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring, the active bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear ring to rotate, and the driven bevel gear ring drives the rotating ring to rotate. The rotating ring drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the plane spiral teeth drive the arc teeth to move, and the arc teeth drive the guide slider to slide along the length direction of the guide slide groove, slide until the guide slider applies force to the bolt to be tested, so that the bolt to be tested moves to one side of the central axis of the rotating ring, and moves until all the guide sliders are tightly against the bolt to be tested. At this time, the bolt to be tested is located on the central axis of the rotating ring, so that the position of the bolt to be tested is fixed. ; Then install the nut on the tail end of the bolt to be tested, and make the nut fit with the fixing ring; then, adjust the first hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder drives the first mounting plate to move, the first mounting plate drives the first pressure sensor to move, the first pressure sensor drives the sliding block to move, the sliding block drives the positioning block, the fixing ring, the rotating ring and the guide slider to move synchronously, the fixing ring applies a force to the nut, and when the force value displayed on the first pressure sensor exceeds the tensile stress value, observe whether the bolt to be tested is broken, so as to detect the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested; the designed first stress detection component acts on the bolt to be tested through the sliding connection between the sliding block and the sliding groove, so as to detect the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested.

[0012] Optionally, the detection mechanism further includes a second stress detection assembly for detecting bending and shear stress of the bolt to be tested, the second stress detection assembly includes two groups of detection members, both groups of detection members are installed on the base, one detection member is located above the bolt to be tested, and the other detection member is located below the bolt to be tested; the detection member includes a pressure head, a second pressure sensor, a second mounting plate and a second hydraulic cylinder; The second hydraulic cylinder is installed on the base, and the piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinder are arranged along the radial direction of the bolt to be tested; The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second mounting plate, and the second mounting plate is connected to the second pressure sensor at a side away from the second hydraulic cylinder; The pressure head is connected to the side of the second pressure sensor away from the second mounting plate, and the pressure heads of the two detection members are distributed on both sides of the axis of the bolt to be detected.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the bending and shear stress of the bolt to be tested are tested, the second hydraulic cylinder is adjusted, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder drives the second mounting plate to move, the second mounting plate drives the second pressure sensor to move, and the second pressure sensor drives the pressure head to apply a force to the bolt to be tested. When the force value displayed on the second pressure sensor exceeds the shear force value, it is observed whether the bolt to be tested between the two pressure heads is deformed or sheared, so as to realize the bending and shear stress detection of the bolt to be tested; the designed second stress detection component applies a force to the bolt to be tested through two pressure heads, so as to realize the bending and shear stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0014] Optionally, the detection mechanism further includes a third stress detection component for measuring the torque stress of the bolt to be tested, and the third stress detection component includes a positioning clamp and a torque tester body; The positioning card plate is installed on the positioning block, the positioning card plate is arranged opposite to the fixing ring and away from the positioning block of the sliding groove, and an engaging groove for engaging the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is provided on the positioning card plate; The torque tester body is installed on the base, and the nut matched with the bolt to be tested is installed on the torque tester body.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested is carried out, the bolt to be tested is inserted into the two rotating rings, and the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is embedded in the embedding groove to realize the clamping connection between the bolt to be tested and the positioning clamping plate, and then, the nut is installed on the bolt to be tested, and the nut is fitted with the fixing ring away from the bolt head of the bolt to be tested, and then the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested is carried out through the torque tester body to realize the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested; the designed third stress detection component facilitates the clamping connection of the bolt head of the bolt to be tested through the positioning clamping plate to realize the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0016] Optionally, a sliding block is provided on the bottom wall of the positioning clamping plate, and a sliding groove for sliding the sliding block is opened on the top wall of the positioning block, the sliding groove is arranged along the axial direction of the fixing ring, and an adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the positioning block, the adjusting screw passes through the sliding block along the length direction of the sliding groove, and the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the sliding block.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting screw is rotated, and the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, and the sliding block drives the positioning card plate to move. When it moves to a certain distance between the positioning card plate and the fixing ring, the bolt to be tested is placed on the two rotating plates along the gap between the positioning card plate and the fixing ring, and the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is facing the side of the positioning card plate. After the bolt to be tested is fixed, the adjusting screw is then rotated, and the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, and the sliding block drives the positioning card plate to move until the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is clamped into the engaging groove. The designed sliding positioning card plate is convenient for installing the positioning bolt to be tested, and at the same time, it is convenient for limiting the bolt head of the bolt to be tested to prevent the bolt to be tested from rotating, thereby facilitating stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0018] Optionally, the positioning clamp plate includes a sliding part, an adjusting part and a fixing bolt, the sliding part is connected to the sliding block, and the sliding part is provided with an adjustment groove for sliding of the adjusting part, the adjustment groove passes through the sliding part, the engaging groove is located on the adjusting part, the fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the sliding part, and the fixing bolt passes through the sliding part and is tightly pressed against the adjusting part.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixing bolt is rotated to separate the bolt head of the fixing bolt from the adjusting part, and then force is applied to the adjusting part to make the adjusting part move along the adjusting groove, and the adjusting groove drives the engaging groove to move, thereby realizing the adjustment of the position of the engaging groove; the segmented positioning clamping plate facilitates the adjustment of the position of the engaging groove through the sliding of the adjusting part and the sliding part, thereby facilitating the engaging groove to be aligned with the bolt head of the bolt to be tested, thereby realizing the clamping limit of the bolt to be tested, thereby preventing the bolt to be tested from rotating.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of the embedding grooves are provided, and the plurality of the embedding grooves are used to embed bolt heads of bolts to be tested of different specifications.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a plurality of engaging grooves of different sizes and specifications are provided, so as to limit and clamp the bolt heads of the bolts to be tested of different types and specifications, thereby preventing the bolts to be tested from rotating.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides a bolt stress detection method, which adopts the following technical solution: A bolt stress detection method, using the bolt stress detection device, comprises the following steps: S1. Installation of bolts to be tested: S11. Position adjustment of the positioning card: Turn the adjusting screw, the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, and the sliding block drives the positioning card to move along the length direction of the sliding groove until the positioning card is away from the fixing ring; S12. Adjustment of the spacing between the rotating rings: Adjust the first hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod sliding block of the first hydraulic cylinder slides along the sliding groove, the sliding block drives the positioning block to move, the positioning block drives the fixed ring and the rotating ring to move, until the distance between the two rotating rings meets the stress detection requirements of the bolt to be tested; S13. Initial installation of the bolt to be tested: Place the bolt head of the bolt to be tested toward the positioning clamping plate and pass the bolt to be tested through the two rotating rings; S14. Limiting the bolt to be tested: Start the adjustment member, which drives the rotating ring to rotate, and the rotating ring drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the guide slider is driven to slide along the guide slot until the end of the guide slider is pressed against the bolt to be tested, thus completing the fixing of the position of the bolt to be tested; S15. Reset the positioning card: If the torque stress of the bolt to be tested is detected, the adjusting screw is rotated, and the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, and the sliding block drives the positioning card to move along the length direction of the sliding groove until the fitting groove of the positioning card is engaged with the bolt head away from the bolt to be tested; S2. Stress detection: According to the detection type of the bolt to be tested, select the corresponding detection mechanism to perform stress detection on the bolt to be tested.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the bolt to be tested, the adjusting screw is rotated, the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, the sliding block drives the positioning card plate to move along the length direction of the sliding groove until the positioning card plate is away from the fixed ring; then, the first hydraulic cylinder is adjusted, the piston rod sliding block of the first hydraulic cylinder slides along the sliding groove, the sliding block drives the positioning block to move, the positioning block drives the fixed ring and the rotating ring to move, until the distance between the two rotating rings meets the stress detection requirements of the bolt to be tested; then, the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is directed toward the positioning card plate, and the bolt to be tested is passed through the two rotating rings; the adjusting piece is started, the adjusting piece drives the rotating ring to rotate, and the rotating ring drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. The plane spiral teeth mesh with the arc teeth to drive the guide slider to slide along the guide slide groove, slide to the end of the guide slider and press against the bolt to be tested, so as to fix the position of the bolt to be tested; if the torque stress of the bolt to be tested is detected, the adjusting screw is rotated, and the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, and the sliding block drives the positioning card to move along the length direction of the sliding groove until the engaging groove of the positioning card is engaged with the bolt head away from the bolt to be tested; according to the detection type of the bolt to be tested, the corresponding detection mechanism is selected to perform stress detection on the bolt to be tested; the designed bolt stress detection method is convenient for limiting and fixing the bolts to be tested of different sizes and specifications, and at the same time, it is convenient for different types of stress detection of the bolts to be tested.

[0024] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The designed bolt stress detection device realizes stress detection of bolts to be tested with different sizes and specifications by moving the guide slider along the radial direction of the rotating ring, thereby avoiding repeated replacement of the fastening ring during the detection of bolts to be tested with different sizes and specifications in the prior art, improving the installation efficiency of the bolts to be tested, and thus improving the efficiency of bolt stress detection; at the same time, the detection mechanism is used to facilitate the detection of the torque stress, tensile stress, bending stress and shear stress of the bolts to be tested.

[0025] 2. The designed bolt stress detection method is convenient for limiting and fixing the bolts to be tested of different sizes and specifications, and at the same time, it is convenient for different types of stress detection of the bolts to be tested. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bolt stress detection device and detection method of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bolt stress detection device and detection method according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part C of FIG. Figure 6 yes Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part D of FIG.

[0027] Description of reference numerals: 1. base; 2. fastening mechanism; 21. limit assembly; 211. positioning block; 212. fixing ring; 213. rotating ring; 214. guide slider; 215. guide slide groove; 216. adjusting member; 2161. driven bevel gear ring; 2162. driving bevel gear; 2163. rotating rod; 3. detection mechanism; 31. first stress detection assembly; 311. slide groove; 312. first hydraulic cylinder; 313. first mounting plate; 314. first pressure sensor; 315. Sliding block; 32, second stress detection assembly; 321, detection member; 3211, second hydraulic cylinder; 3212, second mounting plate; 3213, second pressure sensor; 3214, pressure head; 33, third stress detection assembly; 331, torque tester body; 332, positioning clamp; 3321, sliding part; 3322, adjusting part; 3323, fixing bolt; 3324, fitting groove; 3325, adjusting groove; 333, sliding block; 334, adjusting screw; 335, sliding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-6This application is described in further detail.

[0029] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a bolt stress detection device.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A bolt stress detection device comprises a base 1, a fastening mechanism 2 and a detection mechanism 3. In the present application, the detection mechanism 3 and the fastening mechanism 2 are both installed on the base 1, and the detection mechanism 3 is used for stress detection of the bolt to be tested. In the present application, the stress types of the bolt to be tested detected by the detection mechanism 3 include tensile stress, bending stress, shear stress and torque stress. The detection mechanism 3 comprises a first stress detection component 31, a second stress detection component 32 and a third stress detection component 33. The first stress detection component 31 is used for tensile stress detection of the bolt to be tested, the second stress detection component 32 is used for bending and shear stress detection of the bolt to be tested, and the third stress detection component 33 is used for torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The fastening mechanism 2 includes two groups of limit assemblies 21, which are distributed along the axial direction of the bolt to be tested. The limit assemblies 21 include a positioning block 211, a fixed ring 212, a rotating ring 213, a guide slider 214 and an adjusting member 216; the positioning block 211 is installed on the base 1, the fixed ring 212 is fixedly connected to the positioning block 211, and in this embodiment, the fixed ring 212 is welded to the positioning block 211; the rotating ring 213 is coaxially arranged with the fixed ring 212, and the rotating ring 213 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 212, and the fixed ring 212 is close to the rotating ring 213. A plurality of guide slots 215 for connecting the guide slider 214 are provided on the side. The guide slots 215 in the present application can be three, four, or five, as long as the limit fixation of the bolt to be tested is achieved. In order to reduce the production cost, three guide slots 215 are provided in the present embodiment. The three guide slots 215 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixing ring 212, and each guide slot 215 is arranged along the radial direction of the fixing ring 212; a plane spiral tooth is provided on the side of the rotating ring 213 close to the guide slider 214. In the present embodiment, the plane spiral tooth is The rotating ring 213 is integrally connected, and an arc-shaped tooth meshing with the plane spiral tooth is provided on the side of the guide slider 214 close to the plane spiral tooth. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped tooth is integrally connected with the guide slider 214; an adjusting member 216 is provided on the rotating ring 213, and the adjusting member 216 is used to drive the rotating ring 213 to rotate, and the adjusting member 216 includes a driven bevel gear ring 2161, a driving bevel gear 2162 and a rotating rod 2163; the driven bevel gear ring 2161 is concentrically arranged with the rotating ring 213, and the driven bevel gear ring 2161 is fixed to the side of the rotating ring 213 away from the guide slider 214 Connection, in this embodiment, the driven bevel gear ring 2161 is integrally connected with the rotating ring 213; the rotating rod 2163 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 212, and one end of the rotating rod 2163 extends into the inner cavity of the fixed ring 212 and is coaxially fixed with the active bevel gear 2162, and the active bevel gear 2162 is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring 2161 to drive the driven bevel gear ring 2161 to rotate. In addition, one end of the rotating rod 2163 extending out of the fixed ring 212 is provided with an embedding groove for engaging a screwdriver. In this embodiment, the embedding groove is set as an inner hexagonal hole to facilitate the rotation of the rotating rod 2163 in cooperation with the hexagonal screwdriver.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The first stress detection component 31 includes a sliding block 315, a first mounting plate 313, a first pressure sensor 314 and a first hydraulic cylinder 312; the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is installed on the base 1. In this embodiment, the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts, and the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove 311; the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 313. In this embodiment, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 313 by a flange; the first pressure sensor 314 is installed on the side of the first mounting plate 313 away from the first hydraulic cylinder 312. In this embodiment, the first pressure sensor 314 and the first mounting plate 313 are fixedly connected by a flange. Bolt fixed; the first pressure sensor 314 is connected to the sliding block 315 on the side away from the first mounting plate 313. In this embodiment, the first pressure sensor 314 and the sliding block 315 are fixed by bolts, and the sliding block 315 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of one of the positioning blocks 211. In this application, the sliding block 315 is connected to the positioning block 211 away from the bolt head of the bolt to be tested; a sliding groove 311 for the sliding movement of the sliding block 315 is provided on the base 1, and the sliding groove 311 is provided along the axial direction of the fixing ring 212 to facilitate the position adjustment of one group of limit assemblies 21, and then adjust the distance between the two limit assemblies 21, so as to facilitate the detection of bolts to be tested with different length specifications, and at the same time, facilitate the tensile stress detection of the bolts to be tested.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The second stress detection assembly 32 includes two sets of detection components 321, both of which are installed on the base 1, one detection component 321 is located above the bolt to be tested, and the other detection component 321 is located below the bolt to be tested. In this application, the two sets of detection components 321 are staggered; the detection component 321 includes a pressure head 3214, a second pressure sensor 3213, a second mounting plate 3212 and a second hydraulic cylinder 3211; the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 is installed on the base 1, and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 is arranged along the radial direction of the bolt to be tested. In this embodiment, the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 is fixed to the base by bolts 1, and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 is vertically arranged; the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 is connected to the second mounting plate 3212, and the second mounting plate 3212 is connected to the second pressure sensor 3213 at a side away from the second hydraulic cylinder 3211. In this embodiment, the plane where the second mounting plate 3212 is located is parallel to the plane where the base 1 is located, and the second mounting plate 3212 and the second pressure sensor 3213 are fixed by bolts; the pressure head 3214 is connected to the side of the second pressure sensor 3213 away from the second mounting plate 3212, and the pressure heads 3214 of the two detection members 321 are distributed on both sides of the axis of the bolt to be tested.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 The third stress detection component 33 includes a positioning card plate 332, a sliding block 333, an adjusting screw 334 and a torque tester body 331; the positioning card plate 332 is installed on the positioning block 211, the positioning card plate 332 is arranged opposite to the fixing ring 212, and the positioning card plate 332 is located on the positioning block 211 away from the sliding groove 311, and the positioning card plate 332 is provided with an engaging groove 3324 for engaging the bolt head of the bolt to be tested, so as to realize the limited clamping of the bolt to be tested and prevent the bolt to be tested from rotating; the torque tester body 331 is installed on the base 1. In this embodiment, the torque tester body 331 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts, and at the position to be tested When the bolt is subjected to torque stress detection, the nut matched with the bolt to be tested is installed on the torque tester body 331 to facilitate the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested; the sliding block 333 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the positioning clamp 332, and a sliding groove 335 for the sliding of the sliding block 333 is provided on the top wall of the positioning block 211, and the sliding groove 335 is arranged along the axial direction of the fixing ring 212, and an adjusting screw 334 is rotatably connected to the positioning block 211, and the adjusting screw 334 is arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove 335 and penetrates the sliding block 333, and the adjusting screw 334 is threadedly connected to the sliding block 333 to facilitate the position adjustment of the positioning clamp 332.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 The positioning card plate 332 includes a sliding portion 3321, an adjusting portion 3322 and a fixing bolt 3323. The sliding portion 3321 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 333. In this embodiment, the sliding portion 3321 is welded to the sliding block 333, and an adjusting groove 3325 for sliding the adjusting portion 3322 is provided on the sliding portion 3321. In this application, the adjusting groove 3325 is horizontally arranged, and the adjusting groove 3325 is arranged through the sliding portion 3321. The fitting groove 3324 is located on the adjusting portion 3322. The fixing bolt 3323 is threadedly connected to the sliding portion 3321, and the fixing bolt 3323 passes through the sliding portion 3321 and is tightly pressed against the adjusting portion 3322. In this embodiment, the fixing bolt 3323 is located The axis is perpendicular to the plane where the base 1 is located; in addition, there are multiple engaging grooves 3324. In the present application, the engaging grooves 3324 can be three, four, or five, as long as the bolt heads of different types of bolts to be tested can be limited and clamped. In the present embodiment, the engaging grooves 3324 are set to three, and the three engaging grooves 3324 are used to engage the bolt heads of bolts to be tested with different sizes and specifications. In the present embodiment, the engaging grooves 3324 can be hexagonal holes of different sizes and specifications to facilitate the limited clamping of hexagonal bolts of different sizes and specifications, or they can be cylindrical holes, and a hexagonal joint is concentrically arranged in the cylindrical hole to facilitate the limited clamping of the bolt heads of hexagonal bolts of different sizes and specifications.

[0036] The implementation principle of the bolt stress detection device of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested is tested, the rotating rod 2163 is rotated, and the rotating rod 2163 drives the active bevel gear 2162 to rotate. Since the active bevel gear 2162 is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring 2161, the active bevel gear 2162 drives the driven bevel gear ring 2161 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear ring 2161 drives the rotating ring 213 to rotate, and the rotating ring 213 drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the plane spiral teeth drive the arc teeth to move, and the arc teeth drive the guide slider 214 to slide along the length direction of the guide slot 215, slide until the guide slider 214 applies force to the bolt to be tested, so that the bolt to be tested moves toward one side of the central axis of the rotating ring 213, and moves until all the guide sliders 214 are aligned with the bolt to be tested. The bolt is tightened. At this time, the bolt to be tested is located on the central axis of the rotating ring 213, so that the position of the bolt to be tested is fixed; then the nut is installed on the tail end of the bolt to be tested, and the nut is fitted with the fixing ring 212; then, the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is adjusted, and the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 312 drives the first mounting plate 313 to move, the first mounting plate 313 drives the first pressure sensor 314 to move, the first pressure sensor 314 drives the sliding block 315 to move, the sliding block 315 drives the positioning block 211, the fixing ring 212, the rotating ring 213 and the guide slider 214 to move synchronously, the fixing ring 212 applies a force to the nut, and when the force value displayed on the first pressure sensor 314 exceeds the tensile stress value, observe whether the bolt to be tested is broken, so as to detect the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested; When the bending and shear stress tests are performed on the bolt to be tested, the rotating rod 2163 is rotated, and the rotating rod 2163 drives the active bevel gear 2162 to rotate. Since the active bevel gear 2162 is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring 2161, the active bevel gear 2162 drives the driven bevel gear ring 2161 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear ring 2161 drives the rotating ring 213 to rotate, and the rotating ring 213 drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the plane spiral teeth drive the arc teeth to move, and the arc teeth drive the guide slider 214 to slide along the length direction of the guide slot 215, slide to the guide slider 214 to apply force to the bolt to be tested, so that the bolt to be tested moves toward one side of the central axis of the rotating ring 213. Move until all the guide slide blocks 214 are pressed against the bolts to be tested. At this time, the bolts to be tested are located on the central axis of the rotating ring 213, so that the position of the bolts to be tested is fixed; adjust the second hydraulic cylinder 3211, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 drives the second mounting plate 3212 to move, the second mounting plate 3212 drives the second pressure sensor 3213 to move, and the second pressure sensor 3213 drives the pressure head 3214 to apply a force to the bolts to be tested. When the force value displayed on the second pressure sensor 3213 exceeds the shear force value, observe whether the bolts to be tested between the two pressure heads 3214 are deformed or sheared, so as to realize the bending and shear stress detection of the bolts to be tested; When the torque stress of the bolt to be tested is tested, the adjusting screw 334 is rotated, and the adjusting screw 334 drives the sliding block 333 to slide along the sliding groove 335, and the sliding block 333 drives the positioning clamping plate 332 to move, and when the positioning clamping plate 332 and the fixing ring 212 have a certain distance, then the bolt to be tested is placed on the two rotating rings 213 along the gap between the positioning clamping plate 332 and the fixing ring 212; then the rotating rod 2163 is rotated, and the rotating rod 2163 drives the active bevel gear 2162 to rotate. Since the active bevel gear 2162 is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring 2161, the active bevel gear 2162 drives the driven bevel gear ring 2161 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear ring 2161 drives the rotating ring 213 to rotate, and the rotating ring 213 drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the plane spiral teeth drive the arc teeth to move, and the arc teeth are meshed. The teeth drive the guide slider 214 to slide along the length direction of the guide slot 215, and slide until the guide slider 214 applies force to the bolt to be tested, so that the bolt to be tested moves toward one side of the central axis of the rotating ring 213, and moves until all the guide sliders 214 are tightly against the bolt to be tested. At this time, the bolt to be tested is located on the central axis of the rotating ring 213, and the position of the bolt to be tested is fixed; then, the adjusting screw 334 is rotated, and the adjusting screw 334 drives the sliding block 333 to slide along the sliding slot 335, and the sliding block 333 drives the positioning clamping plate 332 to move, and moves until the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is clamped in the engaging groove 3324, and then, the nut is installed on the bolt to be tested, and the nut is made to fit with the fixing ring 212 away from the bolt head of the bolt to be tested, and then the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested is performed through the torque tester body 331, so as to realize the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0037] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application also discloses a bolt stress detection method.

[0038] A bolt stress detection method, using a bolt stress detection device, comprises the following steps: S1. Installation of bolts to be tested: S11. Adjust the position of the positioning card plate 332: rotate the adjusting screw 334, the adjusting screw 334 drives the sliding block 333 to slide along the sliding groove 335, and the sliding block 333 drives the positioning card plate 332 to move along the length direction of the sliding groove 335 until the positioning card plate 332 is away from the fixing ring 212.

[0039] S12. Adjustment of the spacing between the rotating rings 213: adjust the first hydraulic cylinder 312, the piston rod sliding block 315 of the first hydraulic cylinder 312 slides along the sliding groove 311, the sliding block 315 drives the positioning block 211 to move, and the positioning block 211 drives the fixed ring 212 and the rotating ring 213 to move until the distance between the two rotating rings 213 meets the stress detection requirements of the bolt to be tested.

[0040] S13. Initial installation of the bolt to be tested: the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is directed toward the positioning clamping plate 332 , and the bolt to be tested is passed through the two rotating rings 213 .

[0041] S14. Limiting the bolt to be tested: rotating the rotating rod 2163, the rotating rod 2163 drives the active bevel gear 2162 to rotate. Since the active bevel gear 2162 is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring 2161, the active bevel gear 2162 drives the driven bevel gear ring 2161 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear ring 2161 drives the rotating ring 213 to rotate. The rotating ring 213 drives the plane helical teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane helical teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the guide slider 214 is driven to slide along the guide slot 215, slide to the end of the guide slider 214 and press against the bolt to be tested, so as to fix the position of the bolt to be tested.

[0042] S15. Reset the positioning card plate 332: If the torque stress of the bolt to be tested is detected, the fixing bolt 3323 is rotated so that the bolt head of the fixing bolt 3323 is separated from the adjusting portion 3322, and then force is applied to the adjusting portion 3322 so that the adjusting portion 3322 moves along the adjusting slot 3325, and the adjusting slot 3325 drives the engaging slot 3324 to move until the engaging slot 3324 of the required size specification is exactly opposite to the bolt head of the bolt to be tested, and the fixing bolt 3323 is rotated so that the bolt head of the fixing bolt 3323 is tightly pressed against the adjusting portion 3322, so that the position of the adjusting portion 3322 is fixed; then, the adjusting screw 334 is rotated, and the adjusting screw 334 drives the sliding block 333 to slide along the sliding slot 335, and the sliding block 333 drives the positioning card plate 332 to move along the length direction of the sliding slot 335 until the engaging slot 3324 of the positioning card plate 332 is engaged with the bolt head away from the bolt to be tested.

[0043] S2. Stress detection: According to the detection type of the bolt to be tested, select the corresponding detection mechanism 3 to perform stress detection on the bolt to be tested; When detecting the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested, the nut is installed at the tail end of the bolt to be tested, and the nut is fitted with the fixing ring 212; then, the first hydraulic cylinder 312 is adjusted, and the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 312 drives the first mounting plate 313 to move, the first mounting plate 313 drives the first pressure sensor 314 to move, the first pressure sensor 314 drives the sliding block 315 to move, the sliding block 315 drives the positioning block 211, the fixing ring 212, the rotating ring 213 and the guide slider 214 to move synchronously, the fixing ring 212 applies a force to the nut, and when the force value displayed on the first pressure sensor 314 exceeds the tensile stress value, observe whether the bolt to be tested is broken, so as to realize the detection of the tensile stress of the bolt to be tested; When detecting the bending and shear stress of the bolt to be tested, adjust the second hydraulic cylinder 3211, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 3211 drives the second mounting plate 3212 to move, the second mounting plate 3212 drives the second pressure sensor 3213 to move, the second pressure sensor 3213 drives the pressure head 3214 to apply a force to the bolt to be tested, when the force value displayed on the second pressure sensor 3213 exceeds the shear force value, observe whether the bolt to be tested between the two pressure heads 3214 is deformed or sheared, so as to realize the bending and shear stress detection of the bolt to be tested; When detecting the torque stress of the bolt to be tested, the bolt to be tested is inserted into the two rotating rings 213, and the bolt head of the bolt to be tested is embedded in the embedding groove 3324 to realize the clamping connection between the bolt to be tested and the positioning clamping plate 332. Then, the nut is installed on the bolt to be tested, and the nut is fitted with the fixing ring 212 away from the bolt head of the bolt to be tested. The torque stress of the bolt to be tested is then tested through the torque tester body 331 to realize the torque stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bolt stress detection device, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), a fastening mechanism (2) and a detection mechanism (3); The fastening mechanism (2) comprises two groups of limit assemblies (21), the two groups of limit assemblies (21) are distributed along the axial direction of the bolt to be tested, and the limit assemblies (21) comprise a positioning block (211), a fixing ring (212), a rotating ring (213), a guide slider (214) and an adjusting member (216); The positioning block (211) is installed on the base (1); The fixing ring (212) is fixedly connected to the positioning block (211); The rotating ring (213) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (212); a plurality of guide grooves (215) for connecting the guide slider (214) are provided on a side of the fixed ring (212) close to the rotating ring (213); the plurality of guide grooves (215) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the fixed ring (212), and each guide groove (215) is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed ring (212); The rotating ring (213) is provided with a plane spiral tooth on one side close to the guide slider (214), and the guide slider (214) is provided with an arc-shaped tooth meshing with the plane spiral tooth on one side close to the plane spiral tooth; The adjusting member (216) is arranged on the rotating ring (213), and the adjusting member (216) is used to drive the rotating ring (213) to rotate; The detection mechanism (3) is installed on the base (1), and the detection mechanism (3) is used for stress detection of the bolt to be tested.

2. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting member (216) comprises a driven bevel gear ring (2161), a driving bevel gear (2162) and a rotating rod (2163); The driven bevel gear ring (2161) is concentrically arranged with the rotating ring (213), and the driven bevel gear ring (2161) is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating ring (213) away from the guide slider (214); The rotating rod (2163) is rotatably connected to the fixing ring (212), and one end of the rotating rod (2163) extends into the inner cavity of the fixing ring (212) and is coaxially fixed with the driving bevel gear (2162), and the driving bevel gear (2162) is meshed with the driven bevel gear ring (2161).

3. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (3) comprises a first stress detection component (31) for detecting the tensile stress of a bolt to be tested, wherein the first stress detection component (31) comprises a sliding block (315), a first mounting plate (313), a first pressure sensor (314) and a first hydraulic cylinder (312); The base (1) is provided with a sliding groove (311) for the sliding block (315) to slide, and the sliding groove (311) is provided along the axial direction of the fixing ring (212); The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (312) is mounted on the base (1), and the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (312) is arranged along the length direction of the sliding groove (311); The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (312) is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate (313); The first pressure sensor (314) is installed on a side of the first mounting plate (313) away from the first hydraulic cylinder (312); The first pressure sensor (314) is connected to the sliding block (315) at a side away from the first mounting plate (313), and the sliding block (315) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of one of the positioning blocks (211).

4. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (3) further comprises a second stress detection assembly (32) for detecting bending and shear stress of the bolt to be tested, the second stress detection assembly (32) comprising two groups of detection components (321), both groups of detection components (321) being mounted on the base (1), one of the detection components (321) being located above the bolt to be tested, and the other of the detection components (321) being located below the bolt to be tested; The detection member (321) comprises a pressure head (3214), a second pressure sensor (3213), a second mounting plate (3212) and a second hydraulic cylinder (3211); The second hydraulic cylinder (3211) is installed on the base (1), and the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (3211) is arranged along the radial direction of the bolt to be tested; The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (3211) is connected to the second mounting plate (3212), and the second mounting plate (3212) is connected to the second pressure sensor (3213) at a side away from the second hydraulic cylinder (3211); The pressure head (3214) is connected to the side of the second pressure sensor (3213) away from the second mounting plate (3212), and the pressure heads (3214) of the two detection members (321) are distributed on both sides of the axis of the bolt to be tested.

5. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (3) further comprises a third stress detection assembly (33) for measuring the torque stress of the bolt to be tested, wherein the third stress detection assembly (33) comprises a positioning clamping plate (332) and a torque tester body (331); The positioning card plate (332) is installed on the positioning block (211), the positioning card plate (332) is arranged opposite to the fixing ring (212) and on the positioning block (211) away from the sliding groove (311), and the positioning card plate (332) is provided with an engaging groove (3324) for engaging the bolt head of the bolt to be tested; The torque tester body (331) is mounted on the base (1), and a nut matched with the bolt to be tested is mounted on the torque tester body (331).

6. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding block (333) is arranged on the bottom wall of the positioning clamping plate (332); a sliding groove (335) for sliding the sliding block (333) is opened on the top wall of the positioning block (211); the sliding groove (335) is arranged along the axial direction of the fixing ring (212); an adjusting screw (334) is rotatably connected to the positioning block (211); the adjusting screw (334) passes through the sliding block (333) along the length direction of the sliding groove (335), and the adjusting screw (334) is threadedly connected to the sliding block (333).

7. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning card plate (332) includes a sliding part (3321), an adjusting part (3322) and a fixing bolt (3323); the sliding part (3321) is connected to the sliding block (333), and the sliding part (3321) is provided with an adjusting groove (3325) for the adjusting part (3322) to slide; the adjusting groove (3325) passes through the sliding part (3321), the engaging groove (3324) is located on the adjusting part (3322), the fixing bolt (3323) is threadedly connected to the sliding part (3321), and the fixing bolt (3323) passes through the sliding part (3321) and is tightly pressed against the adjusting part (3322).

8. The bolt stress detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The embedding grooves (3324) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of embedding grooves (3324) are used to embed bolt heads of bolts to be tested of different sizes and specifications.

9. A bolt stress detection method, using a bolt stress detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Installation of bolts to be tested: S11. Adjusting the position of the positioning card plate (332): rotating the adjusting screw (334), the adjusting screw (334) drives the sliding block (333) to slide along the sliding groove (335), and the sliding block (333) drives the positioning card plate (332) to move along the length direction of the sliding groove (335) until the positioning card plate (332) is away from the fixing ring (212); S12. Adjustment of the spacing between the rotating rings (213): adjusting and driving the first hydraulic cylinder (312), driving the piston rod sliding block (315) of the first hydraulic cylinder (312) to slide along the sliding groove (311), the sliding block (315) drives the positioning block (211) to move, and the positioning block (211) drives one of the fixed rings (212) and the rotating ring (213) to move until the distance between the two rotating rings (213) meets the stress detection requirements of the bolt to be tested; S13. Initial installation of the bolt to be tested: the bolt head of the bolt to be tested faces the positioning card plate (332), and the bolt to be tested passes through the two rotating rings (213); S14. The bolt to be tested is limited: the adjusting member (216) is started, the adjusting member (216) drives the rotating ring (213) to rotate, and the rotating ring (213) drives the plane spiral teeth to rotate synchronously. Since the plane spiral teeth are meshed with the arc teeth, the guide slider (214) is driven to slide along the guide groove (215) until the end of the guide slider (214) is pressed against the bolt to be tested, and the position of the bolt to be tested is fixed; S15. The positioning card plate (332) is reset: if the torque stress of the bolt to be tested is detected, the adjusting screw (334) is rotated, the adjusting screw (334) drives the sliding block (333) to slide along the sliding groove (335), and the sliding block (333) drives the positioning card plate (332) to move along the length direction of the sliding groove (335) until the fitting groove (3324) of the positioning card plate (332) is engaged with the bolt head away from the bolt to be tested; S2. Stress detection: According to the detection type of the bolt to be tested, select the corresponding detection mechanism (3) to perform stress detection on the bolt to be tested.

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