High-pressure water jet numerical control efficient joint-cutting assisted TBM hob rock breaking test system and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure water jet numerical control efficient joint cutting assisted TBM hob rock breaking test system and a test method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering tests. In order to solve the problem that the existing rock breaking test cannot accurately reflect the real mechanical response and rock breaking mechanism of repeated cutting of a hob and a high-pressure water jet nozzle on a TBM cutterhead on an excavation surface, the following technical scheme is provided: the TBM cutterhead rock breaking test device comprises a strip-shaped transportation platform, a rock box system, a supporting upright post and a fixed back plate, and a cutterhead cutter system is arranged on the back plate; the cutterhead cutter system performs rotary cutting on the rock sample, and the cutterhead cutter system performs lifting motion through a cutterhead propelling system arranged at the top; the rock box system can transversely move along the strip-shaped conveying platform, and the three-axis numerical control cutting guiding system conducts water jet cutting on a rock sample. According to the test system and the test method provided by the invention, a more accurate and efficient test means can be provided for TBM hob rock breaking, and important technical support is provided for design and construction of tunnel engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering tests, and in particular to a high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system and a test method. Background Art

[0002] The penetration of TBM cutters in extremely hard rock formations is low, and the cutter ring is prone to cracking and rapid wear, which seriously restricts the rapid excavation performance of high-end tunnel equipment tunnel boring machines (TBMs). At present, high-pressure water jets are the most promising auxiliary TBM rock breaking method in engineering. my country's first "Longyan" high-pressure water-coupled TBM has been used in the Wan'anxi Water Diversion Project in Longyan, Fujian. However, the key core issue of how to select and optimally match the cutting parameters of high-pressure water jets and the cutting parameters of cutter rock breaking has not yet been solved. It is urgent to conduct a large number of high-pressure water jet-assisted TBM cutter rock breaking tests to obtain the rock breaking efficiency and rock breaking mechanism of the cutter under specific rock and specific cutting parameters.

[0003] At present, the units in China that can conduct full-scale roller cutter rock breaking tests mainly include the linear cutting test machine of Central South University, the rotary cutting test machine of the State Key Laboratory of Shield and Excavation Technology, and the linear and rotary cutting test machine of Beijing University of Technology, etc., but there are almost no roller cutter rotary test machines equipped with high-pressure water jets. At present, the high-pressure water jet cutting test is to cut the rock with high-pressure water jets in advance in the water jet factory, and then transport it to the indoor roller cutter rock breaking test platform, or directly use a hacksaw to pre-cut the seam to simulate the cutting gap of the water jet. Obviously, these test methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot accurately reflect the real mechanical response and rock breaking mechanism of the roller cutter and the high-pressure water jet nozzle on the TBM cutter disc repeatedly cutting on the excavation surface. Therefore, it is necessary to explore an indoor efficient high-pressure water jet-assisted TBM roller cutter that can perform repeated rotary cutting and rock breaking test system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure water jet CNC efficient cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system to solve the problem that the existing rock breaking test cannot accurately reflect the real mechanical response and rock breaking mechanism of the repeated cutting of the cutter and high-pressure water jet nozzle on the TBM cutter head on the excavation surface.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A high-pressure water jet CNC high-efficiency slit-assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system comprises a strip transport platform, a rock box system, a support column fixedly connected to the strip transport platform, and a back plate arranged on the top of the support column, a cutter disc tool system is arranged on the back plate, the cutter disc tool system performs rotational cutting on rock samples through a cutter disc rotation system arranged on the top, and the cutter disc tool system performs lifting and lowering movement through a cutter disc propulsion system arranged on the top; the rock box system can move laterally along the strip transport platform, a three-axis CNC cutting guide system is arranged on the outside of the support column and above the strip transport platform, which is used for water jet cutting of rock samples, and the three-axis CNC cutting guide system is respectively connected to a water supply system, a sand supply system and an air supply system.

[0006] Furthermore, the rock box system includes a layered steel plate enclosure arranged on the periphery of the rock sample, a rock box bottom tray arranged at the bottom of the layered steel plate enclosure, and a roller arranged at the bottom of the rock box bottom tray. A hand-cranked drive wheel is provided at the side end of the layered steel plate enclosure, and the hand-cranked drive wheel is engaged with the outer teeth of the meshing roller. The hand-cranked drive wheel realizes the movement of the rock box by rotating the crank handle.

[0007] Furthermore, a pull-out positioning wedge and a push-in positioning wedge are respectively provided at both ends of the strip transport platform for auxiliary positioning of the rock box system.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutter disc tool system includes a cutter disc, a radial pull-through slide groove is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc, a cutter box is embedded in the slide groove, and the spacing between the rollers is adjusted by a cutter box push-pull cylinder above the cutter box.

[0009] Furthermore, the tool box includes a three-axis force sensor base, a three-axis force sensor arranged on the three-axis force sensor base, and a tool holder arranged at the bottom of the three-axis force sensor base. A hob shaft is connected to the tool holder by bolts, and a hob is arranged on the hob shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutter disc rotating system includes a cutter disc rotating shaft sleeve and a rotating bearing connected to the cutter disc through a flange, and a bowl-shaped sleeve is provided in the middle of the cutter disc rotating shaft sleeve, and a driving motor and a gearbox are installed on the bowl-shaped sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutter disc propulsion system includes a transverse support rod connected to the bowl-shaped sleeve, an axial propulsion cylinder connected to the transverse support rod, and a cylinder support connected to the axial propulsion cylinder and fixed on the supporting column.

[0012] Furthermore, the three-axis CNC cutting guide system includes an X-axis guide rail, a Y-axis cantilever guide rail and a Z-axis guide rail. A cantilever support platform is provided on the side of the strip transport platform, the Y-axis cantilever guide rail is installed on the cantilever support platform, the X-axis guide rail and the Z-axis guide rail are installed on the Y-axis cantilever guide rail, and the Z-axis guide rail is installed with a water jet nozzle.

[0013] A test method for a high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system comprises the following steps: S1. Draw and import the cutting path: First, draw the corresponding graphics in the CAD software according to the predetermined water jet cutting path; then, import the drawn CAD graphics into the water jet CNC operation software; then, start the three-axis CNC cutting guide system, start cutting from the preset inner or outer starting point, until a circle of cutting is completed; after the cutting is completed, the water jet is automatically turned off, and the water jet nozzle is adjusted to the next predetermined cutting position; S2. Positioning and fixing of the rock box system: After absorbing the residual moisture of the rock sample, the rock box system is pulled into the strip transport platform by hand-cranking the driving wheel until the rollers are in close contact with the positioning wedges; then, the rock box system is fixed with a fastening clamp to ensure that it does not move during the cutting process; S3. Adjust the distance between the rollers and press the cutter box: adjust the distance between the rollers by operating the axial propulsion cylinder, and adjust the rollers to the first predetermined cutting radius position; then, press and fix the cutter box with fastening bolts to ensure that the rollers remain stable during the cutting process; S4. Setting cutting parameters: In the numerical control system, setting the propulsion speed and penetration displacement of the axial propulsion cylinder of the cutter disc, and setting the rotation speed of the cutter disc; S5, executing cutting and rock breaking: starting the cutting equipment, the cutter disc starts to work at the set rotation speed and propulsion speed, and the roller cutter rolls along the water jet cutting path to break the rock; at the same time, rolling rock breaking is performed between adjacent cutting seams; S6, raising the cutterhead and adjusting the position of the reel cutter: when the reel cutter completes the first round of cutting, the cutterhead is raised by controlling the axial propulsion cylinder; then, the fixing bolts of the cutter box are loosened, the hydraulic cylinder is adjusted through the reel cutter spacing, and the next cutting position of the reel cutter is adjusted, and the cutter box is pressed again; at the same time, the rock debris generated on the rock surface is cleaned and collected; S7, repeat cutting and complete all layers: repeat steps S1-S6 until the roller cutter rock breaking on all radii of the same layer is completed; then, follow the same steps to pull out the rock box and prepare for water jet cutting and roller cutter rock breaking of the next layer; repeat the water jet cutting and roller cutter rock breaking operations until the required number of cutting layers is reached.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) High-pressure water jet CNC cutting technology can complete the rapid cutting of all water jet cuts in the rock surface in one continuous process through a CNC program. It can accurately adjust the moving speed, target distance, water pressure, abrasive feed quality and repeated cutting times of the water jet nozzle. Compared with the test speed and test accuracy when the nozzle is installed on the cutter head, the test efficiency and test accuracy are greatly improved.

[0015] (2) Through the push-pull hydraulic cylinder of the cutter box, the cutter cutting on all cutting paths can be completed in sequence, which can significantly improve the cutter rock breaking efficiency and cutting speed. At the same time, the cutter three-dimensional force and rock breaking efficiency on each cutting radius and cumulative radius can be revealed, and the influence of the curvature radius on the cutter rock breaking can be clarified.

[0016] (3) It can simulate and reveal the joint test of water jet and roller cutter of full-section TBM, predict the total thrust and total torque required by the whole TBM under different water jet cutting parameters, and clarify the optimal water jet cutting parameters and roller cutter rock breaking parameters required for specific rocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a side view of the high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 5 It is a cutting path diagram of the rotary rock breaking of the two-side slitting cutters used in the high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slitting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system of the present invention; Figure 6 A side view of the rock breaking of a water jet nozzle installed in front of or behind the roller cutter in the high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM roller cutter rock breaking test system of the present invention; Figure 7 A diagram of the rock breaking mechanism of the water jet nozzle installed in front of or behind the roller cutter in the high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM roller cutter rock breaking test system of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the rock breaking mechanism in which the water jet nozzles used in the high-pressure water jet CNC efficient slit-assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system of the present invention are installed on both sides of the cutter.

[0018] Figures 1 to 8 The reference numerals shown in the figure represent: 1-strip transport platform, 2-support column, 3-fixed back plate, 4-rock sample, 5-layered steel plate enclosure, 6-bottom tray of rock box, 7-roller, 8-hand-cranked driving wheel, 9-toothed roller, 10-cranking handle; 11-hand-cranked driving wheel fixing bracket, 12-pull out positioning wedge, 13-push in positioning wedge, 14-knife disc, 15-slide, 16-knife box, 17-knife box push-pull cylinder, 18-three-way force sensor base, 19-three-way force sensor; 20-cutter seat, 21-hob, 22-hob shaft, 23-cutter disc rotary sleeve, 24-slewing bearing, 25-bowl sleeve, 26-drive motor, 27-gearbox, 28-lateral support rod, 29-axial propulsion cylinder; 30- oil cylinder support, 31- Y-axis cantilever guide rail, 32- X-axis guide rail, 33- Z-axis guide rail, 34- water jet nozzle, 35- cantilever support platform, 36- water tank, 37- supercharger, 38- high-pressure metal steel pipe, 39- abrasive sand box; 40-air compressor, 41-high pressure air delivery pipe, 42-rock box fastening support, 43-water jet cutting, 44-roller cutting path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1-4 The present invention relates to a high-pressure water jet CNC high-efficiency slot cutting assisted TBM roller cutter rock breaking test system, which aims to improve the cutting efficiency and accuracy of rock samples 4 by combining high-pressure water jet cutting with TBM (full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine) roller cutter rock breaking technology. The system includes key components such as a strip transport platform 1, a rock box system, a support column 2, a fixed back plate 3, a cutterhead tool system, a cutterhead rotation system, a cutterhead propulsion system, and a three-axis CNC cutting guide system. The specific structure and working principle of these components will be described in detail one by one below.

[0021] The strip transport platform 1 is the foundation of the entire test system, which provides stable support and transportation functions. The length and width of the strip transport platform 1 are designed according to the test requirements to ensure that it can accommodate components such as the rock box system and the support columns 2. The surface of the platform is anti-slip treated to increase friction and stability. At both ends of the strip transport platform 1, there are pull-out positioning wedges 12 and push-in positioning wedges 13. These two wedges are used to assist in the positioning of the rock box system to ensure that the rock box does not move during the cutting process. The pull-out positioning wedge 12 is located at the starting end of the platform and is used for preliminary positioning when the rock box enters the platform; the push-in positioning wedge 13 is located at the end of the platform and is used for final positioning after the rock box moves to the specified position.

[0022] The rock box system is a key component for loading and fixing rock samples 4. It includes components such as a layered steel plate enclosure 5, a rock box bottom tray 6, and rollers 7. The layered steel plate enclosure 5 is composed of multiple layers of steel plates stacked together to form a closed enclosure structure, which is used to protect the rock sample 4 from external interference during the cutting process. A hand-cranked drive wheel 8 is provided at the side end of the enclosure, and the hand-cranked drive wheel 8 is connected to the roller 7 through a meshing roller 9 to achieve the lateral movement of the rock box. A shaking handle 10 is provided on the hand-cranked drive wheel 8, and the operator can drive the rock box to move along the strip transport platform 1 by shaking the handle 10. The bottom tray 6 of the rock box is used to carry the rock sample 4 and provide stable support. Rollers 7 are provided at the bottom of the tray, and the rollers 7 are in contact with the surface of the strip transport platform 1, reducing the friction during movement.

[0023] The support column 2 is an important component connecting the strip transport platform 1 and the fixed backboard 3. It is fixed on one side of the strip transport platform 1 and is used to support the fixed backboard 3 and the cutter head tool system thereon. The height and number of the support columns 2 are designed according to the test requirements to ensure the stability and safety of the fixed backboard 3 and the cutter head tool system. The surface of the column is treated with anti-corrosion to improve its service life and durability.

[0024] The fixed back plate 3 is the installation platform of the cutter head tool system. It is fixed on the top of the support column 2 and is used to carry the cutter head tool system and its related components. The surface of the fixed back plate 3 is flat and smooth to ensure that the cutter head tool system will not be disturbed during installation and operation. The fixed back plate 3 is provided with multiple mounting holes and connectors for fixing the cutter head tool system and other accessories.

[0025] The cutter disc tool system is one of the core components of the test system. It includes a cutter disc 14, a chute 15, a cutter box 16 and a roller cutter 21. The cutter disc 14 is a circular disc-shaped structure for installing roller cutters 21 and other cutting tools. A chute 15 is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc 14, and a cutter box 16 is embedded in the chute 15. The cutter box 16 adjusts the spacing of the roller cutters 21 through the upper cutter box push-pull cylinder 17. The cutter box 16 includes a three-axis force sensor base 18, a three-axis force sensor 19 and a cutter holder 20. The three-axis force sensor base 18 is used to install the three-axis force sensor 19, and the three-axis force sensor 19 is used to monitor the force of the roller cutter 21 in real time during the cutting process. The roller cutter shaft 22 is connected to the cutter holder 20 by bolts, and the roller cutter 21 is arranged on the roller cutter shaft 22. The roller cutter 21 is the main tool for cutting rocks, and its shape and material are selected according to the test requirements.

[0026] The cutter disc rotation system is a power system for driving the cutter disc to rotate. It includes a cutter disc rotation sleeve 23, a slewing bearing 24, a bowl-shaped sleeve 25, a drive motor 26, a gearbox 27 and other components. The cutter disc rotation sleeve 23 is connected to the cutter disc 14 through a flange, and the slewing bearing 24 is used to support the rotation of the cutter disc rotation sleeve 23. The bowl-shaped sleeve 25 is installed in the middle of the cutter disc rotation sleeve 23 and is used to install the drive motor 26 and the gearbox 27. The drive motor 26 provides power, which is transmitted to the cutter disc 14 through the gearbox 27 to drive it to rotate. The speed and direction of the cutter disc rotation system can be adjusted and controlled by the numerical control system.

[0027] The cutter disc propulsion system is a system for controlling the lifting and lowering movement of the cutter disc. It includes components such as a transverse support rod 28, an axial propulsion cylinder 29, and a cylinder support 30. The transverse support rod 28 is connected to the bowl-shaped sleeve 25 to transmit the thrust of the axial propulsion cylinder 29. The axial propulsion cylinder 29 is fixed to the support column 2 through the cylinder support 30 to control the lifting and lowering movement of the cutter disc 14. The propulsion speed and displacement of the cutter disc propulsion system can be accurately adjusted and controlled by the CNC system.

[0028] The three-axis CNC cutting guide system is a key component for realizing high-pressure water jet cutting. It includes components such as an X-axis guide rail 32, a Y-axis cantilever guide rail 31, a Z-axis guide rail 33, and a water jet nozzle 34. A cantilever support platform 35 is provided on the side of the strip transport platform 1, and the Y-axis cantilever guide rail 31 is installed on the cantilever support platform 35. The X-axis guide rail 32 and the Z-axis guide rail 33 are installed on the Y-axis cantilever guide rail 31, and the X-axis guide rail 32 and the Z-axis guide rail 33 are used to control the movement of the water jet nozzle 34 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively. The water jet nozzle 34 is installed on the Z-axis guide rail 33, and the water jet nozzle 34 is used to spray high-pressure water jets for cutting. The three-axis CNC cutting guide system is precisely controlled by the CNC system, and complex cutting paths and shapes can be achieved.

[0029] The water supply system, sand supply system and air supply system are auxiliary systems connected to the three-axis CNC cutting guide system. The water supply system includes a water tank 36 for providing sufficient cutting water. The booster 37 connected to the water tank 36 increases the water pressure to hundreds of MPa and delivers it to the water jet nozzle 34 through a high-pressure metal steel pipe 38.

[0030] The sand supply system includes an abrasive sand box 39 installed on the Z-axis guide rail 33, and sand is delivered to the sand chamber above the water jet nozzle 34 through an ordinary plastic hose. The abrasive sand is sucked into the water by the negative pressure generated by the high-pressure water to enhance the cutting ability. The air supply system includes an air compressor 40 connected to the water jet nozzle 34 through a high-pressure air delivery pipe 41, which is used to prevent the high-pressure water on the upper part of the water jet nozzle 34 from returning to the sand supply pipe when it suddenly stops working. The water supply system is used to provide a high-pressure water source to ensure that the water jet nozzle 34 can spray a water jet with sufficient pressure and flow for cutting. The sand supply system is used to add abrasive particles (such as sand particles) to the water jet to improve cutting efficiency and accuracy. The air supply system is used to provide compressed air or other gases for blowing away debris generated during the cutting process and cooling the cutting area.

[0031] After understanding the specific structure and working principle of each component, the testing method of the present invention will be described in detail below: First, draw and import the cutting path. Draw the corresponding graphics in the CAD software according to the predetermined water jet cutting path. The graphics should accurately reflect the shape, size, position and other information of the cutting path. After drawing, import the CAD graphics into the water jet CNC operation software. Set the cutting parameters in the software, such as cutting speed, cutting depth, nozzle diameter, etc. Then start the three-axis CNC cutting guide system and start cutting from the preset inner or outer starting point. During the cutting process, the three-axis CNC cutting guide system is precisely controlled according to the preset path and parameters to ensure cutting accuracy and efficiency. After the cutting is completed, the water jet nozzle 34 is automatically closed and adjusted to the next predetermined cutting position.

[0032] Next, the rock box system is positioned and fixed. Before cutting, it is necessary to ensure that the rock sample 4 is in a dry state to avoid the influence of moisture on the cutting effect. Therefore, first use a water absorption tool to absorb the residual moisture in the rock sample 4. Then, the rock box system is pulled into the strip transport platform 1 by the hand-cranked drive wheel 8. During the pulling-in process, observe the contact between the roller 7 and the push positioning wedge 13 to ensure that the roller 7 is in close contact with the push positioning wedge 13 to achieve precise positioning. After positioning is completed, use a fastening clamp to fix the rock box system. The fastening clamps should be evenly distributed around the rock box system to ensure that it does not move or deform during the cutting process.

[0033] Then adjust the spacing between the hobs 21 and tighten the cutter box 16. Before cutting, the spacing between the hobs 21 needs to be adjusted according to the test requirements. By operating the axial propulsion cylinder 29, the position of the hobs 21 on the cutter disc 14 can be adjusted to change their spacing. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the cutter box 16 with the tightening bolts. During the tightening process, ensure that the tightening torque of the bolts meets the requirements to prevent the cutter box 16 from loosening or deforming during the cutting process. At the same time, it is also necessary to check the installation of the hobs 21 to ensure that they are firm and reliable and in the correct cutting position.

[0034] Next, set the cutting parameters. In the numerical control system, according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the rock sample 4, set the propulsion speed and penetration displacement of the axial propulsion cylinder 29 of the cutter disc 14. The propulsion speed determines the movement speed of the cutter disc 14 during the cutting process, and the penetration displacement determines the depth of the cutter disc 14 into the rock. At the same time, it is also necessary to set the rotation speed of the cutter disc 14 to control the rolling speed and cutting efficiency of the hob 21 on the rock. After the setting is completed, confirm that the parameters are correct and save the settings.

[0035] Then the cutting and rock breaking operations are carried out. After starting the cutting equipment, the cutter disc 14 starts working at the set rotation speed and propulsion speed. The roller cutter 21 rolls along the water jet cutting path to break the rock, and at the same time the water jet nozzle 34 performs jet cutting between adjacent cutting seams. During the cutting process, the cutting effect and the stress of the roller cutter 21 should be closely monitored. If the cutting effect is not good or the stress of the roller cutter 21 is abnormal, the cutting parameters should be adjusted in time or the machine should be stopped for inspection. After the cutting is completed, turn off the cutting equipment and wait for the equipment to completely stop running before proceeding to the next step.

[0036] After the roller cutter 21 completes the first round of cutting, it is necessary to raise the cutter disc 14 and adjust the position of the roller cutter 21. First, the cutter disc 14 is raised by controlling the axial propulsion cylinder 29 to make the roller cutter 21 leave the rock surface. Then, the cutter box fixing bolts are loosened, and the roller cutter 21 is adjusted to the next predetermined cutting position by the roller cutter 21 spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder. After the adjustment is completed, the cutter box 16 is pressed again and the roller cutter 21 is confirmed to be in the correct cutting position. At the same time, the rock debris generated on the rock surface is cleaned and collected to prevent it from affecting the subsequent cutting operation.

[0037] Finally, repeat the cutting and complete all layers. Repeat the water jet cutting and rock breaking operations according to the above steps until the rock breaking on all radii of the same layer is completed. After completing the cutting of one layer, pull out the rock box according to the same steps and prepare for the water jet cutting and rock breaking of the next layer. Repeat these operations until the required number of cutting layers is reached. After each layer is cut, the cutting effect and the wear of the roller 21 need to be checked and the relevant data recorded for subsequent analysis.

[0038] The following points should be noted during the specific implementation process: All parts should be inspected and maintained before cutting to ensure they are in good working condition; During the cutting process, the operating status and cutting effect of the equipment should be closely monitored. If there are any abnormalities, the equipment should be shut down in time for processing. When adjusting the spacing between the hobs 21 and pressing the cutter box 16, ensure that the operation is standardized and avoid damage to the equipment; Appropriate tools and methods should be used when cleaning and collecting rock debris to avoid damage to equipment and personnel; The equipment should be thoroughly cleaned and maintained after all cutting operations to extend its service life.

[0039] Figure 5 The rock breaking process of the roller cutter on the rock sample is described in detail, especially how the roller cuts along the pre-set water jet slits on both sides. In this process, the rock box fastening support 42 ensures the stability of the rock sample, while the water jet slits 43 provide a guide for the roller cutter to cut in. The roller cutter cutting path 44 clearly shows how the roller cutter can penetrate the rock more smoothly and perform efficient rock breaking operations under the action of the free surface formed by the water jet slits on both sides. This rock breaking method assisted by the slits on both sides significantly improves the efficiency of rock breaking.

[0040] also, Figure 6-7 The rock breaking mechanism is further explained when the water jet nozzle 34 is in line with the path of the roller cutter 21 (i.e., the water jet nozzle 34 is installed in front of or behind the roller cutter 21). In this case, the high-pressure water jet is first responsible for cutting the rock sample 4 to form a gap, and then the roller cutter 21 rolls along these cuts to break the rock. The rock at the edge of the cut is damaged due to spalling and the lack of base rock, which provides more favorable conditions for the roller cutter 21 to penetrate.

[0041] Figure 8 Another rock breaking mechanism is shown, that is, the water jet nozzles 34 are arranged on both sides of the roller cutter 21. In this configuration, the free surfaces generated by the water jet cutting slits 43 on both sides greatly facilitate the expansion of lateral cracks when the roller cutter 21 penetrates, thereby further enhancing the rock breaking effect.

[0042] In summary, the present invention provides a high-pressure water jet CNC efficient slit-assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system and its test method. The system combines the advantages of high-pressure water jet cutting and TBM cutter rock breaking technology to achieve efficient and accurate rock cutting and rock breaking operations. The test method describes in detail the drawing and introduction of the cutting path, and the positioning and fixing of the rock box system.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure water jet CNC high-efficiency slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a strip transport platform (1), a rock box system, a support column (2) fixedly connected to the strip transport platform (1), and a fixed back plate (3) arranged on the top of the support column (2); a cutter head tool system is arranged on the fixed back plate (3); the cutter head tool system performs rotary cutting on a rock sample (4) through a cutter head rotary system arranged on the top, and the cutter head tool system performs lifting and lowering movement through a cutter head propulsion system arranged on the top; the rock box system can move laterally along the strip transport platform (1); a three-axis CNC cutting guide system is arranged outside the support column (2) and above the strip transport platform (1), and is used for water jet cutting of the rock sample (4); and the three-axis CNC cutting guide system is respectively connected to a water supply system, a sand supply system and an air supply system.

2. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rock box system comprises a layered steel plate enclosure (5) arranged on the periphery of the rock sample (4), a rock box bottom tray (6) arranged at the bottom of the layered steel plate enclosure (5), and a roller (7) arranged at the bottom of the rock box bottom tray (6). A hand-cranked drive wheel (8) is provided at the side end of the layered steel plate enclosure (5), and the hand-cranked drive wheel (8) is meshed with the outer teeth of a meshing roller (9). The hand-cranked drive wheel (8) realizes the movement of the rock box by rotating a crank handle (10).

3. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pull-out positioning wedge (12) and a push-in positioning wedge (13) are respectively provided at both ends of the strip-shaped transport platform (1), and the pull-out positioning wedge (12) and the push-in positioning wedge (13) are used for auxiliary positioning of the rock box system.

4. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutter disc tool system comprises a cutter disc (14), a slide groove (15) is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc (14), a cutter box (16) is embedded in the slide groove (15), and the spacing of the roller cutters (21) is adjusted by a cutter box push-pull cylinder (17) above the cutter box (16).

5. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The tool box (16) comprises a three-dimensional force sensor base (18), a three-dimensional force sensor (19) arranged on the three-dimensional force sensor base (18), and a tool holder (20) arranged at the bottom of the three-dimensional force sensor base (18); a hob shaft (22) is connected to the tool holder (20) via bolts, and a hob shaft (22) is arranged on the hob shaft (22).

6. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cutter disc rotating system comprises a cutter disc rotating shaft sleeve (23) and a rotating bearing (24) connected to the cutter disc (14) via a flange, a bowl-shaped sleeve (25) being provided in the middle of the cutter disc rotating shaft sleeve (23), and a driving motor (26) and a gearbox (27) being mounted on the bowl-shaped sleeve (25).

7. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The cutter disc propulsion system comprises a transverse support rod (28) connected to the bowl-shaped sleeve (25), an axial propulsion cylinder (29) is provided at the end of the transverse support rod (28), a cylinder support (30) is provided at the end of the axial propulsion cylinder (29), and the cylinder support (30) is fixedly connected to the support column (2).

8. The high-pressure water jet numerically controlled efficient slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-axis CNC cutting guide system comprises an X-axis guide rail (32), a Y-axis cantilever guide rail (31) and a Z-axis guide rail (33); a cantilever support platform (35) is provided on the side of the strip-shaped transport platform (1); the Y-axis cantilever guide rail (31) is installed on the cantilever support platform (35); the X-axis guide rail (32) and the Z-axis guide rail (33) are installed on the Y-axis cantilever guide rail (31); and a water jet nozzle (34) is installed on the Z-axis guide rail (33).

9. A test method for the high-pressure water jet CNC high-efficiency slot cutting assisted TBM cutter rock breaking test system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, drawing and importing a cutting path: according to a predetermined water jet cutting path, drawing a corresponding graphic in the CAD software; importing the drawn CAD graphic into the water jet CNC operation software; starting the three-axis CNC cutting guide system, starting cutting from a preset inner or outer starting point, until a circle of cutting is completed; after the cutting is completed, the water jet is automatically turned off, and the water jet nozzle (34) is adjusted to the next predetermined cutting position; S2. Positioning and fixing the rock box system: drain the residual moisture from the rock sample (4), and pull the rock box system into the strip transport platform (1) by means of the hand-cranked driving wheel (8) until the roller (7) is in close contact with the positioning wedge (13); fix the rock box system with a fastening clamp; S3, adjusting the spacing between the rollers (21) and pressing the cutter box (16): adjusting the spacing between the rollers (21) by operating the axial propulsion cylinder (29), and adjusting the rollers (21) to a first predetermined cutting radius position; and pressing and fixing the cutter box (16) with a fastening bolt; S4, setting cutting parameters: in the numerical control system, setting the propulsion speed and penetration displacement of the axial propulsion cylinder (29) of the cutter disc (14), and setting the rotation speed of the cutter disc (14); S5, executing cutting and rock breaking: starting the cutting equipment, the cutter disc (14) starts to work at a set rotation speed and propulsion speed, and the roller cutter (21) rolls along the water jet cutting path to break the rock; at the same time, rolling and breaking the rock are performed between adjacent cutting seams; S6, raising the cutter disc (14) and adjusting the position of the roller cutter (21): after the roller cutter (21) completes the first round of cutting, the cutter disc (14) is raised by controlling the axial propulsion cylinder (29); the cutter box fixing bolts are loosened, the roller cutter (21) spacing adjustment hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the next cutting position of the roller cutter (21), and the cutter box (16) is pressed again; at the same time, the rock debris generated on the rock surface is cleaned and collected; S7, repeat cutting and complete all layers: repeat steps S1-S6 until the roller cutter rock breaking on all radii of the same layer is completed; follow the same steps to pull out the rock box and prepare for water jet cutting and roller cutter rock breaking of the next layer; repeat the water jet cutting and roller cutter rock breaking operations until the required number of cutting layers is reached.

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