Nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device, belonging to the technical field of fire extinguishing material applications, including: a nano microcapsule layer, the nano microcapsule layer having a number of first nano microcapsules and a number of second nano microcapsules, the first nano microcapsules filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano microcapsules filled with perfluoromethyl hexanone and citric acid; the total weight ratio of sodium bicarbonate to citric acid in the nano microcapsule layer is 21:16; the weight ratio of perfluoromethyl hexanone to citric acid in the second nano microcapsules is 11:1000; it can solve the technical problem in the prior art that a large amount of nano microcapsules are loaded, resulting in the decomposition of fluorohydrocarbons under continuous heating conditions, which pollutes the ozone layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing material applications, and particularly relates to a nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device. Background Art

[0002] The nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device is a new type of fire extinguishing technology product. This device uses nanotechnology and microcapsule technology to encapsulate the fire extinguishing agent in nano-sized microcapsules. When a fire occurs, the surrounding environmental temperature rises, and the microcapsules will rupture at high temperatures. At this time, the fire extinguishing agent encapsulated inside is quickly released, covering the surface of the fire source, and suppressing the combustion reaction by absorbing heat and reducing temperature, isolating oxygen, etc., thereby quickly extinguishing the fire.

[0003] The existing patent with the application number 202311410833.0 discloses a nano capsule fire extinguishing material and its preparation method. It uses cheap chitosan, adds Sc3+ and Ce3+ to modify it, and uses it as the shell material of the nano capsule to achieve the solidification loading and large-scale loading of perfluorocyclohexanone.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems:

[0005] For the nano microcapsules mainly loaded with perfluorocyclohexanone, when heated, the perfluorocyclohexanone is released and vaporized. Perfluorocyclohexanone will thermally decompose to produce fluorohydrocarbons such as hexafluoropropene in a continuously high-temperature environment represented by electrical fires, and will be decomposed by ultraviolet rays with greater energy in the upper atmosphere, causing damage to the ozone layer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device, which can solve the technical problem in the existing technology that a large amount of perfluorocyclohexanone loaded in nano microcapsules decomposes to produce fluorohydrocarbons that pollute the ozone layer under continuous heating.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present application provides a nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device, which includes a nano microcapsule layer. The nano microcapsule layer has a number of first nano microcapsules and a number of second nano microcapsules. The first nano microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano microcapsules are filled with perfluorocyclohexanone and citric acid;

[0009] The total weight ratio of sodium bicarbonate to the total weight of citric acid in the above nano microcapsule layer is 21:16;

[0010] The weight ratio of perfluorocyclohexanone to the weight of citric acid in the above second nano microcapsules is 11:1000.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, carbon dioxide and a small amount of perfluorohexanone are generated by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate to gasify and rupture the nano-microcapsules, and then sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate react with citric acid to generate carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide isolates the fire source, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire, thereby avoiding the pollution of the ozone layer by fluorocarbons produced by a large amount of perfluorohexanone when extinguishing a continuous high-heat fire source such as an electrical fire.

[0012] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a filling groove, a heating plate and a thermistor. The filling groove is used to fill the nano-microcapsule layer. The heating plate abuts against the side of the filling groove away from the nano-microcapsule layer, and the heating plate is used to heat the nano-microcapsule layer. The thermistor is electrically connected to the heating plate. When the thermistor is heated, its resistance decreases, thereby increasing the current passing through the heating plate.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, a thermistor is used to identify the temperature of the electrical component position, and then the nano-microcapsule layer is triggered by heating, thereby avoiding accidental touching of the nano-microcapsule layer by heat dissipation caused by high-power operation of the electrical component, and improving the accuracy of the nano-microcapsule layer in releasing fire-extinguishing gas.

[0014] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises porous ceramics, and the porous ceramic cover is arranged on the outer side of the filling groove.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, porous ceramics are used to provide good heat insulation effect for the nano-microcapsule layer, further improving the resistance of the nano-microcapsule layer to external temperature changes, thereby ensuring the release effectiveness of the nano-microcapsule layer when a fire occurs.

[0016] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a cover body, which is arranged on the outside of the porous ceramic, and a plurality of exhaust passages are provided on the side of the cover body inclined downward, and the gas generated by the nano-microcapsule layer when heated passes through the pores of the porous ceramic and is discharged from the cover body through the exhaust passages.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, an exhaust duct inclined downward is used to discharge the released gas obliquely downward, which can eliminate dead corners of fire extinguishing and improve fire extinguishing performance.

[0018] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a water absorbing layer, which is laid between the nano-microcapsule layer and the filling groove.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the water absorbing layer is used to absorb the water generated by the reaction, thereby reducing the amount of water discharged with the gas.

[0020] In the present invention, the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further comprises a plurality of adhesive plates, which are connected to the filling grooves, and the adhesive plates are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the filling grooves.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, an adhesion plate is used to adsorb dust particles lifted by gas, enabling solid particles to fully react.

[0022] In the present invention, the above-mentioned nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a warning box and a warning agent. The warning box is connected to the filling groove; the warning agent decomposes when heated to generate a pungent gas.

[0023] The above-mentioned warning box isolates the warning agent from the nano-microcapsule layer.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, a warning agent is used to improve the warning property of electrical fires, facilitating the rapid location of the ignition point in the later stage for subsequent repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 An isometric view of the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A front view of the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 For Figure 2 A sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0029] Figure 4 For Figure 3 A partial enlarged view at B in

[0030] Figure 5 For Figure 3 A partial enlarged view at C in

[0031] Figure 6 An exploded view of the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 An installation schematic diagram of the nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention in an electrical cabinet.

[0033] Icons: 1 - nano - microcapsule layer; 101 - water - absorbing layer; 201 - heating plate; 202 - thermistor; 203 - power supply; 3 - porous ceramic; 401 - warning agent; 402 - warning box; 501 - bottom plate; 502 - filling groove; 503 - cover body; 5031 - exhaust duct; 504 - adhesion plate; 6 - electrical cabinet; 601 - electrical components. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plural" is two or more.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be welding, bolt connection, or riveting; it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0038] Embodiment:

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , Figures 1 to 7 as shown in

[0040] This embodiment provides a nano - microcapsule fire - extinguishing device of the present application, which includes a nano - microcapsule layer 1. The nano - microcapsule layer 1 has a number of first nano - microcapsules and a number of second nano - microcapsules. The first nano - microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate, and the second nano - microcapsules are filled with perfluoromethylcyclohexanone and citric acid.

[0041] The weight ratio of the total weight of sodium bicarbonate to the total weight of citric acid in the above-mentioned nano microcapsule layer 1 is 21:16;

[0042] The weight ratio of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone to citric acid in the above-mentioned second nano microcapsule is 11:1000.

[0043] When the first nano microcapsule is heated to above 50 degrees Celsius, it begins to decompose, and the reaction formula is:

[0044]

[0045] The carbon dioxide generated by the thermal decomposition of part of the sodium bicarbonate bursts the first nano microcapsule. At the same time, the temperature at which perfluoromethylcyclohexanone gasifies when heated is about 49 degrees Celsius. The gasified perfluoromethylcyclohexanone bursts the second nano microcapsule and releases the citric acid therein. The reaction formulas for the reaction with sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate to generate a large amount of carbon dioxide are respectively:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] For the specific reaction formula, the molar mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate to citric acid as raw materials is 3:1. The molar mass of sodium bicarbonate is 84 g / mol, and the molar mass of citric acid is 192 g / mol. Therefore, the mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate to citric acid in the nano microcapsule layer 1 is 21:16. At the same time, in order to ensure that the volume of the nano microcapsules is uniform, when one component of sodium bicarbonate is 21 g, one component of citric acid is 16 g. The density of sodium bicarbonate is 2.16 g / cm³, and the volume of 21 g of sodium bicarbonate is 9.72 cm³. The density of citric acid is 1.665 g / cm³, and the volume of 16 g of citric acid is 9.61 cm³. Therefore, 0.11 cm³ of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone can also be filled in the second nano microcapsule. Perfluoromethylcyclohexanone is liquid at room temperature, and its density is 1.6 g / cm³. Therefore, the mass of one component of filled perfluoromethylcyclohexanone is 0.176 g.

[0049] It should be noted that when conventional nano-microcapsules are filled with all perfluorohexanone, the vaporization of perfluorohexanone by heat is an endothermic reaction, so the temperature will drop below the boiling point during the reaction to suspend vaporization, which will result in the inability to fully vaporize all perfluorohexanone in a short period of time, and thus cause the repeated heating to be insufficient in the fire extinguishing effect. The reaction using sodium bicarbonate and citric acid is an exothermic reaction, which will further accelerate the generation of carbon dioxide, and produce a large amount of carbon dioxide in a short period of time to fully isolate oxygen, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire. Under normal circumstances, citric acid and perfluorohexanone will not react. Citric acid is an organic acid, which is mainly acidic and can react with alkalis, active metals, etc. Perfluorohexanone is a fluorine-containing compound with relatively stable chemical properties and generally does not react with organic acids.

[0050] Through the above technical scheme, carbon dioxide and a small amount of perfluorohexanone are generated by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate to gasify and rupture the nano-microcapsules, and then sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate react with citric acid to generate carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide isolates the fire source, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire, thereby avoiding the pollution of the ozone layer by fluorocarbons produced by a large amount of perfluorohexanone when extinguishing a continuous high-heat fire source such as an electrical fire.

[0051] As a preferred implementation method, Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device also includes a filling groove 502, a heating plate 201 and a thermistor 202. The filling groove 502 is used to fill the nano-microcapsule layer 1; the heating plate 201 is abutted against the side of the filling groove 502 away from the nano-microcapsule layer 1, and the heating plate 201 is used to heat the nano-microcapsule layer 1; the thermistor 202 is electrically connected to the heating plate 201. After the thermistor 202 is heated, the resistance decreases, thereby increasing the current passing through the heating plate 201.

[0052] When using Figure 7 As shown, the thermistor 202 is adhered to the densely packed electrical components 601 in the electrical cabinet 6 or arranged according to fire protection requirements, such as Figure 6 As shown, the power supply 203, the heating plate 201, and the thermistor 202 installed in the bottom plate 501 are connected in series to form a loop. When the temperature near the thermistor 202 increases, the resistance decreases, the current input from the power supply 203 to the heating plate 201 increases, and the heating plate 201 heats the nano-microcapsule layer 1. By selecting the temperature resistance parameters of the thermistor 202, the temperature threshold of the installation position of the thermistor 202 can be selectively controlled to the maximum temperature of the electrical component 601 for normal operation. When the thermistor 202 reaches the temperature threshold, the heating plate 201 is controlled to heat up to the threshold temperature for decomposition of the nano-microcapsule layer 1, and fire extinguishing begins.

[0053] Through the above technical solution, the temperature of the electrical component position is identified by the thermistor 202, and then the nano-microcapsule layer 1 is activated by heating, avoiding the accidental contact of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 caused by the heat dissipation during the high-power operation of the electrical component 601, and improving the accuracy of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 to release the fire extinguishing gas.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, as Figures 3 to 6 shown, the above nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a porous ceramic 3, and the porous ceramic 3 covers the outside of the filling groove 502.

[0055] Due to the large porosity and low matrix thermal conductivity of the porous ceramic 3, it has a good heat insulation effect, which can prevent the nano-microcapsule layer 1 from decomposing due to the temperature during the high-load operation of the electrical component 601 in the enclosed space, and then losing the fire extinguishing performance during a fire.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, the porous ceramic 3 provides a good heat insulation effect for the nano-microcapsule layer 1, further improving the resistance of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 to external temperature changes, and then ensuring the release effectiveness of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 during a fire.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the above nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a cover body 503, the cover body 503 covers the outside of the porous ceramic 3, and a plurality of exhaust channels 5031 are obliquely opened downward on the side surface of the cover body 503, and the gas generated by the heating of the nano-microcapsule layer 1 passes through the pores of the porous ceramic 3 and is discharged from the cover body 503 through the exhaust channels 5031.

[0058] The bottom plate 501 loads the heating plate 201, the power supply 203, and after connecting the wires with the thermistor 202, the filling groove 502 is screwed to the bottom plate 501, then the porous ceramic 3 is snap-fitted above the filling groove 502, and finally the cover body 503 is covered outside the porous ceramic 3. The cover body 503 only has a plurality of exhaust channels 5031 opened around it. When releasing the gas, it passes through the porous ceramic 3 and is discharged from the exhaust channels 5031.

[0059] Through the above technical solution, by using the obliquely downwardly opened exhaust channels 5031, the released gas is discharged obliquely downward, which can eliminate the dead corners of fire extinguishing and improve the fire extinguishing performance.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the above nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a water absorption layer 101, and the water absorption layer 101 is laid between the nano-microcapsule layer 1 and the filling groove 502.

[0061] During use, the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate, the reaction between sodium carbonate and citric acid, and the reaction between sodium bicarbonate and citric acid will all generate water. As the reaction intensifies, a large amount of heat is released. The initially generated water will directly exist in the form of water vapor, then condense and drip at the porous ceramic 3, and the dripping liquid water will be quickly absorbed by the water absorption layer 101, thereby preventing water from draining out of the porous ceramic 3.

[0062] It should be noted that the thermal decomposition temperature of sodium bicarbonate and the vaporization temperature of perfluoromethylcyclohexane are both around 50 °C. Therefore, when selecting the heating plate 201, the maximum heating temperature of the heating plate 201 will be restricted to avoid excessive heating temperature causing further significant evaporation of the water absorbed by the water absorption layer 101.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, the water absorption layer 101 is used to absorb the water generated by the reaction, reducing the amount of water discharged with the gas.

[0064] As a preferred implementation mode, as Figure 6 shown, the above-mentioned nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a plurality of adhesion plates 504. The adhesion plates 504 are connected in the filling groove 502, and the adhesion plates 504 are perpendicular to the bottom surface of the filling groove 502.

[0065] It should be noted that the powdery sodium bicarbonate and the generated sodium carbonate will be lifted by the large amount of generated gas, and then adhered by the adhesion plates 504, preventing a large amount of powder from blocking the porous ceramic 3. At the same time, the adhered powdery substances will also further react with the citric acid carried by the gas.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, the adhesion plates 504 are used to adsorb the dust particles lifted by the gas, enabling the solid particles to fully react.

[0067] As a preferred implementation mode, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the above-mentioned nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device further includes a warning box 402 and a warning agent 401. The warning box 402 is connected in the filling groove 502; the warning agent 401 decomposes when heated to generate a pungent gas;

[0068] The above warning box 402 isolates the warning agent 401 from the nano-microcapsule layer 1.

[0069] Exemplarily, ammonium chloride is selected as the warning agent 401. Ammonium chloride decomposes when heated to generate ammonia and hydrogen chloride. Since the heating temperature of the heating plate 201 is limited, the thermal decomposition starting temperature of ammonium chloride needs to be provided by the heat released from the reaction between sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. The generated ammonia has a pungent smell and will produce white thick smoke after condensation, providing an indication for the inspection personnel visually and olfactorily.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, the warning agent 401 is adopted to improve the warning property of electrical fires, which is convenient for quickly finding the ignition point in the later stage and then carrying out repairs.

[0071] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope recorded in the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. Nano microcapsule fire extinguishing device, characterized in that Comprising: A nano-microcapsule layer (1) having a number of first nano-microcapsules and a number of second nano-microcapsules, wherein the first nano-microcapsules are filled with sodium bicarbonate and the second nano-microcapsules are filled with perfluoromethyl hexanone and citric acid; The ratio of the total weight of sodium bicarbonate to the total weight of citric acid in the nano-microcapsule layer (1) is 21:16; The ratio of the weight of perfluoromethyl hexanone to the weight of citric acid in the second nano-microcapsules is 11:1000.

2. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, wherein Further comprising: A filling groove (502) for filling the nano-microcapsule layer (1); A heating plate (201) abutted against a side of the filling groove (502) facing away from the nano-microcapsule layer (1), the heating plate (201) being configured to heat the nano-microcapsule layer (1); A thermistor (202) electrically connected to the heating plate (201), the resistance of the thermistor (202) decreasing after being heated, causing an increase in the current passing through the heating plate (201); A power source (203) installed on a bottom plate (501) and forming a circuit in series with the heating plate (201) and the thermistor (202).

3. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Further comprising: A porous ceramic (3) covering the outside of the filling groove (502).

4. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Further comprising: A cover body (503) covering the outside of the porous ceramic (3), and a number of exhaust channels (5031) are obliquely and downwardly formed on a side surface of the cover body (503), and gases generated by heating the nano-microcapsule layer (1) pass through pores of the porous ceramic (3) and then are discharged outside the cover body (503) through the exhaust channels (5031).

5. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, wherein, Further comprising: A water absorption layer (101) laid between the nano-microcapsule layer (1) and the filling groove (502).

6. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, wherein, Further comprising: A number of adhesion plates (504) connected inside the filling groove (502), the adhesion plates (504) being perpendicular to the bottom surface of the filling groove (502).

7. The nano-microcapsule fire extinguishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Further comprising: A warning box (402) connected inside the filling groove (502); A warning agent (401) that decomposes when heated to generate an irritating gas; The warning box (402) isolates the warning agent (401) from the nano-microcapsule layer (1).

Images