Equal-distance line drawing and hole forming device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation, and relates to an equidistant line drawing and hole forming device which comprises a graduated scale and an equalizer, and the graduated scale comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a fixing hole, scales, a guide groove and a cavity; the equalizer comprises a first connecting piece, a pin shaft, a first drill bushing, a second drill bushing, a nut and a second connecting piece. The device is simple to operate, avoids the conditions of manual calculation of the equidistant size and calculation errors, avoids risks, and reduces the labor intensity; the device is high in reliability, error accumulation caused by multiple times of reference conversion when a steel ruler or a divider is adopted for line drawing is greatly eliminated, and the line drawing accuracy is greatly improved; the device can be used for drawing lines at equal intervals and directly drilling holes at equal intervals, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation manufacturing and relates to an equidistant line drawing and hole making device, which is used for line drawing and initial hole making during aircraft assembly. Background Art

[0002] The aircraft assembly process generally starts with the parts being assembled into relatively simple assemblies and panels, then gradually assembled into more complex sections and components, and finally the components are connected to form the entire aircraft. During the assembly of components, parts, and even the entire aircraft, the parts are connected together by riveting, screwing, gluing, etc., of which riveting and screwing account for more than 98%.

[0003] The process flow of screw connection and riveting: drawing lines → making initial holes → expanding holes → reaming holes (bolts) → making chamfers → decomposing and deburring → gluing the fitting surface → screw connection and riveting. There are two ways to arrange fasteners in a row: fixed-distance arrangement and equidistant arrangement: fixed-distance arrangement is mostly used in two-dimensional drawings. The arrangement method is to start from the reference nail and arrange them in sequence according to a fixed pitch (usually an integer). When the last 3 to 4 nails are arranged, the remaining length is evenly divided; while three-dimensional digital models mostly use equidistant arrangement. The arrangement method is to first determine the positions of the two fasteners at the end, and then evenly divide them according to the distance between the two nails and the number of nails (usually a decimal).

[0004] The traditional method of drawing lines for equidistant arrangement is to first draw the positions of the two fasteners at the end, calculate the pitch between the two nails according to the distance between the two nails and the number of nails, use a steel ruler or divider to measure according to the pitch, and use a pencil to draw the fastener position line. The disadvantage of this method is that the maximum accuracy of the steel ruler and divider is ±0.5mm. For decimal pitches, only approximate values ​​can be measured, and the reference needs to be converted multiple times during the measurement process, which is very likely to cause error accumulation, and the position and number of fasteners do not meet the design requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art of high difficulty, low efficiency and high risk of error in equidistant line drawing, and provides a convenient, efficient, easy-to-operate, safe and reliable equidistant line drawing and hole making device.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An equidistant line drawing and hole making device comprises a scale and an equalizer, wherein:

[0008] The scale comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a fixing hole, a scale, a guide groove, and a cavity; the upper cover plate is buckled and fixed on the lower cover plate; the guide grooves are symmetrically provided on the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate along the length direction; fixing holes are symmetrically provided on one end of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate close to the guide groove for installing the second drill sleeve of the divider; and scales are provided on the upper cover plate along the guide groove;

[0009] The equalizer includes a first connecting piece, a pin, a first drill sleeve, a second drill sleeve, a nut, and a second connecting piece, wherein:

[0010] The second connecting plates are grouped into two, and the middle part is connected by the first drill sleeve to form a type structure, and the two second connecting plates can rotate relative to each other; multiple type structures are connected in series by pins to form the main structure of the divider, and a group of first connecting plates are connected by pins at the front and rear ends of the main structure, and the ends of this group of first connecting plates are connected by the second drill sleeve; wherein, the second drill sleeve at the rear end of the main structure is connected to the fixing hole, and the slide of the second drill sleeve at the front end of the main structure is located above the guide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are of a "concave"-shaped structure, and when the two are buckled together, a cavity for assembling the equal divider is formed inside, and the cavity provides movement space for the equal divider.

[0012] Furthermore, by pushing along the guide groove, the divider is lengthened or shortened.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper cover plate is fixed to the lower cover plate by screws.

[0014] Furthermore, the first drill sleeve includes a section of bolt, a center hole is provided in the axial direction of the bolt, and a nut is mounted on the end of the bolt.

[0015] Furthermore, the second drill sleeve is a section of bolt, a center hole is provided in the axial direction of the bolt, a nut is assembled at the end of the bolt, and a slide is arranged on the second drill sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the center holes on the first drill sleeve and the second drill sleeve are used to make holes or mark lines on the product through these center holes after positioning.

[0017] Furthermore, when the device is used to make holes with equal spacing between two fastener positions on a product:

[0018] The first step is to draw two fastener positions on the product and make initial holes at the fastener positions;

[0019] The second step is to place the second drill sleeve at the rear end of the main structure of the device above one of the initial holes, so that the center hole of the second drill sleeve is coaxial with the initial hole, and insert a fixing pin to fix the position of the device, and then move the second drill sleeve at the front end of the main structure of the device, select the center hole on the corresponding first drill sleeve according to the number of equal divisions to be concentric with another prepared initial hole, and insert a fixing pin to fix it;

[0020] The third step is to draw a fastener position line or directly make a fastener initial hole according to the center hole on the first drill sleeve between the two fixing pins.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. Compared with the traditional equidistant arrangement and drawing method, the device is easy to operate, avoids the situation of manual calculation of equidistant dimensions and calculation errors, avoids risks, and reduces labor intensity;

[0023] 2. Compared with the traditional equidistant arrangement line drawing method, this device has strong reliability and greatly eliminates the error accumulation caused by multiple reference conversions when using steel rulers or dividers to draw lines, greatly improving the accuracy of line drawing.

[0024] 3. Compared with the traditional equidistant line drawing method, this device can not only be used for equidistant line drawing, but also can directly make holes in equal parts, greatly improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equidistant line drawing and hole making device;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scale part.

[0027] Among them: upper cover plate 1a, lower cover plate 1b, fixing hole 1c, scale 1d, guide groove 1e, cavity 1f, first connecting piece 2a, pin shaft 2b, first drill sleeve 2c, second drill sleeve 2d, nut 2e, second connecting piece 2f. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0029] The present invention provides an equidistant line drawing and hole making device, which ensures fast and accurate equidistant line drawing and hole making during the assembly of aircraft groups and parts through low-cost improvements, thereby ensuring product quality and improving assembly efficiency.

[0030] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention provides an equidistant line drawing and hole making device, comprising a scale 1 and an equalizer 2, wherein:

[0031] The scale 1 includes an upper cover plate 1a, a lower cover plate 1b, a fixing hole 1c, a scale 1d, a guide groove 1e, and a cavity 1f; the upper cover plate 1a is buckled on the lower cover plate 1b, and the two are connected and fixed by screws; the upper cover plate 1a and the lower cover plate 1b are both "concave"-shaped structures, and a cavity 1f for assembling the divider 2 is formed inside after the two are buckled, and the cavity 1f provides movement space for the divider 2; the guide grooves 1e are symmetrically opened along the length direction on the upper cover plate 1a and the lower cover plate 1b, which are used to ensure that the divider 2 moves in a straight line; the fixing holes 1c are symmetrically opened on one end of the upper cover plate 1a and the lower cover plate 1b close to the guide groove 1e, which are used to install the second drill sleeve 2d of the divider 2, so as to connect one end of the divider 2 with the scale 1; the scale 1d is set along the guide groove 1e on the upper cover plate 1, and the scale 1d is used to read the point size of the fastener;

[0032] The divider 2 includes a first connecting piece 2a, a pin 2b, a first drill sleeve 2c, a second drill sleeve 2d, a nut 2e, and a second connecting piece 2f, wherein:

[0033] The second connecting pieces 2f are grouped into two pieces, and the middle part is connected by the first drill sleeve 2c to form an X-shaped structure, and the two second connecting pieces 2f can rotate relative to each other; the first drill sleeve 2c includes a section of bolt, the center hole of the bolt is provided in the axial direction, and the end of the bolt is equipped with a nut 2e; a plurality of X-shaped structures are connected in series by a pin 2b to form the main structure of the equal divider 2, and a group of first connecting pieces 2a are connected at the front and rear ends of the main structure by the pin 2b, and the ends of this group of first connecting pieces 2a are connected by the second drill sleeve 2d; the second drill sleeve 2d is a section of bolt, the center hole of the bolt is provided in the axial direction, and the end of the bolt is equipped with a nut, and a slide is arranged on the second drill sleeve 2d; wherein, the second drill sleeve 2d at the rear end of the main structure is connected to the fixing hole 1c, and is used to install and fix the equal divider 2; the slide of the second drill sleeve 2d at the front end of the main structure is located above the guide groove 1e, and the equal divider is lengthened or shortened by pushing the slide along the guide groove 1e; the center holes on the first drill sleeve 2c and the second drill sleeve 2d are used to make holes or mark lines on the product through these center holes after positioning.

[0034] When the equidistant marking and hole-making device is used for equidistant marking of groups and components, it can be lengthened as needed (increasing the length of the scale 1 and the number of the second connecting piece 2f, the pin 2b, and the first drill sleeve 2c); the equidistant marking and hole-making device can be used to draw fastener hole position lines, and the first drill sleeve 2c can also be used to directly drill the initial holes of the fasteners.

[0035] The preparation process of the present invention is:

[0036] ① Prepare all parts (upper cover plate 1a = 1 piece, lower cover plate 1b = 1 piece; first connecting piece 2a = 4 pieces, pin 2b = required maximum equal number n × 2, first drill sleeve 2c = required maximum equal number n-1, second drill sleeve 2d = 2, nut 2e = required maximum equal number n+1, second connecting piece 2f = (required maximum equal number n-1) × 2);

[0037] ② Combined divider 2 (using pin 2b, first drill sleeve 2c, nut 2e to connect first connecting piece 2a and second connecting piece 2f);

[0038] ③ Install the divider 2 into the lower cover 1b;

[0039] ④Install the upper cover 1a and fix the upper cover 1a and the lower cover 1b with screws;

[0040] ⑤ Install the second drill sleeve 2d and the nut 2e to connect the scale 1 and the divider 2; make the second drill sleeve 2d at one end of the divider 2 connected and fixed to the fixing hole 1c, and make the slide of the second drill sleeve 2d at the other end be located above the guide groove 1e.

[0041] When the device is used to make holes with equal spacing between two fastener positions on a product, the use process of the present invention is as follows:

[0042] The first step is to draw two fastener positions on the product and make initial holes of φ2.7 at the fastener positions;

[0043] The second step is to place the second drill sleeve 2d at the rear end of the main structure of the device above one of the primary holes, so that the center hole of the second drill sleeve 2d is coaxial with the primary hole, and insert a fixing pin to fix the position of the device, then move the second drill sleeve 2d at the front end of the main structure of the device, select the corresponding φ2.7 center hole on the first drill sleeve 2c according to the number of equal divisions to be selected to be concentric with another prepared primary hole, and insert a fixing pin to fix it; for example, there are 5 nails between the two primary holes on the product, which are 6 equal distances, then select the φ2.7 center hole on the sixth first drill sleeve 2c from left to right to be concentric with the φ2.7 primary hole on the right side of the product;

[0044] The third step is to draw a fastener position line according to the φ2.7 center hole on the first drill sleeve 2c between the two fixing pins or directly make a φ2.7 initial fastener hole.

Claims

1. An equidistant line drawing and hole making device, characterized in that: It includes a scale (1) and an equalizer (2): The scale (1) comprises an upper cover plate (1a), a lower cover plate (1b), a fixing hole (1c), a scale (1d), a guide groove (1e), and a cavity (1f); the upper cover plate (1a) is buckled and fixed on the lower cover plate (1b); the guide grooves (1e) are symmetrically provided on the upper cover plate (1a) and the lower cover plate (1b) along the length direction; fixing holes (1c) are symmetrically provided on one end of the upper cover plate (1a) and the lower cover plate (1b) close to the guide grooves (1e) for mounting a second drill sleeve (2d) of the equalizer (2); and the scale (1d) is provided on the upper cover plate (1) along the guide grooves (1e); The equalizer (2) comprises a first connecting piece (2a), a pin (2b), a first drill sleeve (2c), a second drill sleeve (2d), a nut (2e), and a second connecting piece (2f), wherein: Two second connecting pieces (2f) form a group, and the middle part is connected by a first drill sleeve (2c) to form an (X)-shaped structure, and the two second connecting pieces (2f) can rotate relatively; a plurality of (X)-shaped structures are connected in series by a pin shaft (2b) to form a main structure of the equal divider (2), and a group of first connecting pieces (2a) are connected at the front and rear ends of the main structure by a pin shaft (2b), and the ends of the group of first connecting pieces (2a) are connected by a second drill sleeve (2d); wherein the second drill sleeve (2d) at the rear end of the main structure is connected to the fixing hole (1c), and the slide of the second drill sleeve (2d) at the front end of the main structure is located above the guide groove (1e).

2. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (1a) and the lower cover plate (1b) are both of a "concave"-shaped structure. When the two are buckled together, a cavity (1f) for assembling the equalizer (2) is formed inside. The cavity (1f) provides a movement space for the equalizer (2).

3. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: By pushing along the guide groove (1e), the divider (2) is lengthened or shortened.

4. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (1a) is fixed to the lower cover plate (1b) by means of screws.

5. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drill sleeve (2c) comprises a bolt, a central hole is provided in the axial direction of the bolt, and a nut (2e) is mounted on the end of the bolt.

6. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drill sleeve (2d) is a section of bolt, a central hole is provided in the axial direction of the bolt, a nut is assembled at the end of the bolt, and a slide is arranged on the second drill sleeve (2d).

7. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center holes on the first drill sleeve (2c) and the second drill sleeve (2d) are used to make holes or mark lines on the product through these center holes after positioning.

8. The equidistant line drawing and hole making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When using an equidistant marking and hole making device to make holes at equal intervals between two fastener positions on a product: The first step is to draw two fastener positions on the product and make initial holes at the fastener positions; The second step is to place the second drill sleeve (2d) at the rear end of the main structure of the device above one of the initial holes, so that the center hole of the second drill sleeve (2d) is coaxial with the initial hole, and insert a fixing pin to fix the position of the device, and then move the second drill sleeve (2d) at the front end of the main structure of the device, select the center hole on the corresponding first drill sleeve (2c) according to the number of equal divisions to be selected to be concentric with another prepared initial hole, and insert a fixing pin to fix it; The third step is to draw a fastener position line or directly make a fastener initial hole according to the center hole on the first drill sleeve (2c) between the two fixing pins.

Images