Novel nitrogen atomization device
Through the new nitrogen atomization device, the Rayleigh splitting and centrifugal nozzle atomization of liquid nitrogen in the deep-cooled chamber is solved, and the problem of workpiece oxidation and low efficiency in deep-cooled treatment is achieved, efficient and uniform low-temperature cooling is improved. Workpiece quality and production efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411431907.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
AI Technical Summary
During the deep-cooling treatment process, the workpiece is oxidized due to contact with air when transferred from the heat treatment furnace to the deep-cooling equipment, which affects the material performance. The existing equipment lacks integration, resulting in low efficiency and high energy consumption.
Design a new nitrogen atomization device to realize Rayleigh splitting and centrifugal nozzle atomization of liquid nitrogen through the gas-liquid mixing chamber and spiral mixing track, form fine liquid droplets, quickly cool workpieces, and optimize flow rate and Atomization angle ensures uniform and efficient refrigeration.
It achieves rapid reduction of temperature in a deep-cooled chamber, ensures workpiece quality, improves production efficiency, saves costs, and reaches a low temperature environment of -196℃ under vacuum high pressure, significantly improving the effect of material treatment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119307693A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal material heat treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a novel nitrogen atomization device. Background Art
[0002] Physical properties of liquid nitrogen: Low temperature properties, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is about -196 degrees Celsius, and it is one of the commonly used extremely low temperature coolants. Rapid vaporization: Liquid nitrogen will quickly vaporize into gaseous nitrogen at room temperature, forming a large volume of gas. Inertness: Nitrogen is an inert gas and will not react with most substances. Principle of atomization: Spraying of liquefied gas: Liquid nitrogen can be sprayed onto the target through a spray or spray device. When liquid nitrogen comes into contact with the surrounding environment, it will quickly vaporize into gaseous nitrogen and form a mist. Heat transfer: The vaporization process of liquid nitrogen requires the absorption of a large amount of heat, so it can be used to cool the target. During the atomization process, the temperature of the surrounding objects will drop rapidly because the vaporization of liquid nitrogen absorbs the heat of these objects. Diffusion: The atomized gaseous nitrogen will diffuse into the surrounding environment, forming a thin layer of aerosol.
[0003] The advantages of cryogenic treatment technology in material modification are widely recognized by the industry, but in specific applications, quenching is still carried out in a heat treatment furnace and then transferred to cryogenic treatment equipment for cryogenic process. During the transfer process, it is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increases energy consumption, affecting the efficiency of industrial production. More importantly, the workpiece will inevitably oxidize when in contact with air, which will seriously weaken the strengthening effect of material properties. From the perspective of related equipment development, vacuum quenching equipment and cryogenic treatment equipment technology have developed rapidly, but there is no integrated equipment. The liquid nitrogen nozzle in the cryogenic chamber has not been resolved. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel nitrogen atomization device, which can solve the problem of processing workpieces in a cryogenic chamber, reduce the temperature of the cryogenic chamber, and save processing costs while ensuring the quality of the processed workpieces and improving production efficiency.
[0005] A novel nitrogen atomization device comprises: a gas-liquid first mixing chamber (5) for Rayleigh splitting to obtain a better atomization effect; a cylindrical gas inlet; pressurized air enters through an air inlet channel (1); liquid nitrogen enters through the upper and lower sides of a liquid nitrogen channel (3); and then flows through a gas-liquid second mixing chamber (6) for a first wind-induced splitting; liquid nitrogen that has not been completely atomized can continue to complete the first wind-induced splitting in a spiral mixing track (7); and finally atomize through an atomization core body (10) and then be sprayed out by a mist beam nozzle (8).
[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spiral mixing track (7) can fully allow the liquid nitrogen to flow in the nozzle and atomize to achieve a better refrigeration effect. The liquid nitrogen can be cooled to -196°C in a cryogenic chamber.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the atomizing core body (10) can atomize liquid nitrogen into fine droplets, which can quickly cool the room temperature to -130°C in a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching cooling chamber. When the cooling temperature is required to be higher, it can be cooled to -196°C in a deep cold room.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is an air pipe pressurization hole between the liquid nitrogen channel (3) and the pressurized air inlet channel (1), which can increase the flow rate and pressure of the liquid nitrogen, thereby improving the atomization efficiency.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spiral mixing track (7) is provided with a spiral track for liquid nitrogen to flow. The principle of centrifugal nozzle atomization is that the liquid flows to the cyclone chamber along the tangential inlet under a certain pressure, generates a high-speed rotational motion in the cyclone chamber, and finally the liquid is ejected through the nozzle outlet. The remarkable feature of this nozzle is that a hollow cone is generated on the central axis of the nozzle. From the law of conservation of rotational momentum, it can be known that the rotation speed is inversely proportional to the radius of the rotating chamber. The closer to the axis of the rotating chamber, the faster the liquid rotation speed will be. Then, as the rotation speed increases, when the pressure at the center of the rotating chamber is equal to the atmospheric pressure, a hollow core phenomenon occurs in the rotating chamber, and the liquid nitrogen undergoes the first wind-induced splitting in the spiral mixing track (7). The liquid nitrogen is fully atomized, making the refrigeration uniform and efficient.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle structure body (2) and the gas-liquid primary mixing chamber (5) can adjust the space size of the gas-liquid primary mixing chamber (5) according to the required liquid nitrogen mist beam coverage area. Due to the different pressures in the space, the spray angles of the liquid nitrogen atomization are different, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the mist size.
[0011] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The whole equipment adopts a computer control system to control the flow rate, thereby improving production efficiency. 2. The vacuum deep cold chamber can achieve a low temperature environment of -196°C, which can be selected according to needs, saving materials, and being energy-saving and environmentally friendly. 3. Liquid nitrogen In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spiral mixing track (7) is provided with a spiral track for liquid nitrogen to flow. The principle of centrifugal nozzle atomization is that the liquid flows along the tangential inlet to the cyclone chamber under a certain pressure, generates a high-speed rotational motion in the cyclone chamber, and finally the liquid is rotated and sprayed out through the nozzle outlet. The significant feature of this nozzle is that a hollow cone is generated on the central axis of the nozzle. From the law of conservation of rotational momentum, it can be known that the rotation speed is inversely proportional to the radius of the rotating chamber. The closer to the axis of the rotating chamber, the faster the liquid rotation speed will be. Then, as the rotation speed increases, when the pressure at the center of the rotating chamber is equal to the atmospheric pressure, a hollow core phenomenon occurs in the rotating chamber, and the liquid nitrogen undergoes the first wind-induced splitting in the spiral mixing track (7). The liquid nitrogen effect is fully atomized, so that the refrigeration is uniform and efficient. The atomization process is fully carried out, which not only saves equipment investment and material consumption, but also improves productivity and the quality of processed workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention. In the figure: a pressurized air inlet channel (1), a nozzle structure body (2), a liquid nitrogen channel (3), a locking nut (4), a gas-liquid first mixing chamber (5), a gas-liquid second mixing chamber (6), a spiral mixing track (7), a mist nozzle (8), a conical inner wall centrifugal chamber (9), and an atomizing core body (10). DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] like Figure 1As shown, first, liquid nitrogen is stored in an insulated container to maintain its low temperature (about -196°C or 77K), and the liquid nitrogen is transported from the storage container to the nozzle through an insulated pipeline. The supply system includes a pressure regulator and a valve to control the flow and pressure of liquid nitrogen. When starting work, the pressurized air inlet channel (1) and the liquid nitrogen channels (3) on the upper and lower sides are opened, so that the liquid nitrogen undergoes Rayleigh type splitting in the gas-liquid first mixing chamber (5). When the liquid nitrogen pressure is sufficient, it is driven by pressure to enter the gas-liquid second mixing chamber (6) from the gas-liquid first mixing chamber (5), and the first wind-induced splitting is performed in the gas-liquid second mixing chamber (6). The pressure causes the liquid nitrogen to flow through the centrifugal chamber (9) on the inner wall of the cone. In the centrifugal chamber, the liquid nitrogen that is not fully gasified will flow through the spiral mixing track (7) due to pressure, and the first wind-induced splitting can continue in the track to obtain sufficient atomization. Finally, the liquid nitrogen is ejected from the nozzle of the mist beam nozzle (8) at high speed to form a liquid nitrogen flow or mist spray. The liquid nitrogen sprayed from the atomizing core body (10) contacts the target object or area and rapidly absorbs heat due to its extremely low temperature, thereby cooling or freezing the object. The liquid nitrogen will take away a large amount of heat when it vaporizes rapidly. Finally, it is sprayed on the surface of the workpiece to be processed, creating a low-temperature deep-cold environment, and finally completing the deep-cold processing.
Claims
1. A novel nitrogen atomization device, the characteristics of which include: A pressurized air inlet channel (1), a nozzle structure body (2), a liquid nitrogen channel (3), a locking nut (4), a gas-liquid first mixing chamber (5), a gas-liquid second mixing chamber (6), a spiral mixing track (7), a mist spray nozzle (8), a conical inner wall centrifugal chamber (9), and an atomizing core body (10).
2. A novel nitrogen atomization device according to claim 1, characterized in that Liquid nitrogen undergoes Rayleigh-type splitting in the first gas-liquid mixing chamber (5). Initially, due to the axially symmetrical unstable wave on the surface of the liquid nitrogen jet, its amplitude gradually increases under the action of surface tension and pressurized gas, resulting in the splitting of the liquid column, and the formed droplets are larger than the diameter of the nozzle. Then, the first wind-induced splitting is performed in the second gas-liquid mixing chamber (6). At this time, the relative movement of the liquid nitrogen jet and the ambient gas strengthens the effect of surface tension, causing the curvature of the jet surface to change, resulting in uneven pressure distribution inside the liquid, causing the liquid to flow to the area with larger curvature, causing the jet to split faster, and finally forming droplets of a size equivalent to the nozzle diameter. Since the viscosity and splitting characteristics of liquid nitrogen are relatively low, the liquid nitrogen that has not yet been atomized flows through the centrifugal chamber (9) with the inner wall of the cone, which is provided with a spiral mixing track (7) for the flow of liquid nitrogen. The principle of centrifugal nozzle atomization is that the liquid flows to the cyclone chamber along the tangential inlet under a certain pressure, generates a high-speed rotational motion in the cyclone chamber, and finally the liquid is ejected through the nozzle outlet through rotation. The significant feature of this nozzle is that a hollow cone is generated on the central axis of the nozzle. From the law of conservation of rotational moment of momentum, it can be known that the rotation speed is inversely proportional to the radius of the rotating chamber. The closer to the axis of the rotating chamber, the faster the liquid speed will be. As the rotation speed increases, when the pressure at the center of the rotating chamber is equal to the atmospheric pressure, a hollow core phenomenon will appear in the rotating chamber, further fully atomizing the liquid nitrogen and making the refrigeration uniform and efficient.
3. A novel nitrogen atomization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pipe pressurizing hole is provided between the liquid nitrogen channel (3) and the pressurized air inlet channel (1), which can increase the flow rate and pressure of the liquid nitrogen, thereby improving the atomization efficiency.
4. A novel nitrogen atomization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle structure body (2) and the mist spray nozzle (8) both adopt a conical structure with an opening angle of 55 degrees, which can make the atomization coverage of liquid nitrogen wider and achieve a better refrigeration effect.
5. A novel nitrogen atomization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle design can control the spray angle of liquid nitrogen so as to cover a larger surface area or concentrate cooling of a specific area. The nozzle structure body (2) and the gas-liquid primary mixing chamber (5) can adjust the space size of the gas-liquid primary mixing chamber (5) according to the required liquid nitrogen mist beam coverage area. Due to the different pressures in the space, the spray angle of liquid nitrogen atomization is different, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the size of the mist.