Air cylinder with buffer structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air cylinders, in particular to an air cylinder with a buffer structure, which comprises a cylinder body, a buffer structure and a buffer structure, the end cover assembly comprises a front end cover and a rear end cover which are arranged at the two ends of the cylinder body, a first air inlet / outlet is formed in the front end cover, and a second air inlet / outlet is formed in the rear end cover; the guide rod assembly is arranged in the cylinder body, a first airflow channel communicated with the first air inlet / outlet and a second airflow channel communicated with the second air inlet / outlet are formed in the guide rod assembly, and air in the cylinder body flows to the first air inlet / outlet through the first airflow channel or flows to the second air inlet / outlet through the second airflow channel; the piston assembly comprises a piston rod and a first piston arranged on the piston rod, one end of the piston rod penetrates through the front end cover, and the other end of the piston rod is connected with the first piston.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of cylinders, and in particular to a cylinder with a buffer structure. Background Art

[0002] The cylinder is a cylindrical metal part that guides the piston to perform linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder. When the cylinder is working, the piston moves at a high speed. When running at high speed, it will bring great impact force at the end of the stroke. If the impact force of the piston on the cylinder head is not absorbed, it will not only cause a lot of noise, but also damage the cylinder and reduce the service life of the cylinder. In order to prevent strong impact on the cylinder head, the piston needs to be buffered at this time to offset the impact force of the piston hitting the cylinder head.

[0003] Patent No. 2023225648569 discloses a cylinder buffer limit structure, including a base, the upper surface of the base is fixedly connected to a shell, the upper surface of the shell is provided with a first slide groove, the back of the shell is provided with an air inlet hole, the interior of the first slide groove is slidably connected to a piston rod, the outer surface of the piston rod is sleeved with a first spring, the bottom end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a piston plate, the top end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a top plate, the upper surface of the top plate is provided with two second slide grooves, through the cooperation of the set second slide groove, slide rod, second spring and support rod, the piston rod is lowered by releasing air pressure, driving the top plate to move downward in the second slide groove through the slide rod.

[0004] The above patent utilizes the second spring to contact the support rod to alleviate the impact through elastic force, thereby achieving the buffering effect of the device when rebounding. However, the second spring is prone to deformation and fatigue after long-term use, which greatly reduces the buffering effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies or problems existing in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a cylinder with a buffer structure, and the piston of the cylinder can obtain long-term and effective buffering during operation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present disclosure to solve the above technical problems is: a cylinder with a buffer structure, comprising: Cylinder body; An end cover assembly, the end cover assembly comprising a front cover and a rear cover arranged at both ends of the cylinder body, the front cover being provided with a first air inlet / outlet, and the rear cover being provided with a second air inlet / outlet; A guide rod assembly, the guide rod assembly is arranged in the cylinder body, and the guide rod assembly is provided with a first air flow channel connected to the first air inlet / outlet and a second air flow channel connected to the second air inlet / outlet, and the gas in the cylinder body flows to the first air inlet / outlet through the first air flow channel or flows to the second air inlet / outlet through the second air flow channel; The piston assembly comprises a piston rod and a first piston, one end of the piston rod passes through the front end cover, and the other end of the piston rod is connected to the first piston.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the first air flow channel includes a first channel and a second channel that are interconnected, the first channel and the second channel are arranged at an angle to each other, and the second channel is connected to the first air inlet / outlet. The first channel and the second channel are arranged at an angle to each other so that the gas flows to the first air inlet / outlet in a curved route to slow down the flow rate of the gas.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the first air flow channel also includes a third channel, the third channel is connected to the first channel, the first channel is arranged between the second channel and the third channel, the gas enters from the third channel, and flows from the second channel to the first inlet / outlet.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the guide rod assembly includes a first guide rod, the first end of the first guide rod is connected to the front end cover, the second end of the first guide rod is connected to the rear end cover, the first air flow channel is arranged at the first end of the first guide rod, and the second air flow channel is arranged at the second end of the first guide rod.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a guide groove is opened on the side of the first guide rod, and the guide groove is the third channel; a first through hole is opened at the bottom of the guide groove, and the first through hole is the first channel; a second through hole is opened on the end face of the first guide rod along its length direction, and the second through hole is the second channel.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the second channel and the third channel are parallel to the axial direction of the first guide rod, and the first channel is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first guide rod.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the front end cover is provided with a first mounting groove, the rear end cover is provided with a second mounting groove, the first end of the first guide rod is provided in the first mounting groove, and the second end of the first guide rod is provided in the second mounting groove.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a connecting channel is provided on the front end cover, and the first air flow channel is connected with the first air inlet / outlet through the connecting channel.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the connecting channel includes a first connecting channel and a second connecting channel that are interconnected, the first connecting channel and the second connecting channel are perpendicular to each other, the first connecting channel is connected to the first air inlet / outlet, and the second connecting channel is connected to the second channel.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the first channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel; and the inner diameter of the connecting channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the guide rod assembly further includes a second guide rod, the first guide rod and the second guide rod are respectively arranged on both sides of the piston rod, the first piston is respectively provided with a first limiting hole and a second limiting hole along its thickness direction, the first guide rod passes through the first limiting hole, and the second guide rod passes through the second limiting hole. The arrangement of the first guide rod and the second guide rod can limit the circumferential position of the first piston to prevent the first piston from rotating when the external rotational force is too large.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the inner circumferential walls of the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are respectively provided with at least two annular recesses, and sealing members adapted to the shapes thereof are provided in the annular recesses.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the front end cover is provided with a third mounting groove, the rear end cover is provided with a fourth mounting groove, the first end of the second guide rod is provided in the third mounting groove, and the second end of the second guide rod is provided in the fourth mounting groove.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the first air flow channel further includes at least one fourth channel, the fourth channel is connected to the second channel, and the axis of the fourth channel is in the same plane as the axis of the first channel. When the first piston does not cover the entrances of the fourth channel and the first channel, the gas can also enter the second channel from the fourth channel. The setting of the fourth channel enables the gas to enter the second channel from multiple channels at the same time and then be discharged. In this way, when the first piston does not cover the fourth channel, the gas has a relatively large gas outlet flow rate, so that the first piston runs relatively fast in the early stage.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the structure of the second air flow channel is the same as that of the first air flow channel.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, a first connecting protrusion is provided on the front end cover, a first sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting protrusion and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body, and the height of the first sealing ring exceeds the end face of the first connecting protrusion; a second connecting protrusion is provided on the rear end cover, a second sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting protrusion and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body, and the height of the second sealing ring exceeds the end face of the second connecting protrusion.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first piston, a magnetic ring is provided in the first annular groove, a first sealing gasket is provided in the second annular groove, and a guide ring is provided in the third annular groove.

[0023] ] This configuration allows the air in the air to flow freely through the first and second air inlets, thereby reducing the risk of air leakage. The reduction in the outlet air flow causes the first piston to have a greater resistance when moving toward the front cover or the rear cover, which makes the first piston only slowly advance toward the front cover or the rear cover, and it is difficult for the first piston to collide with the front cover or the rear cover at a greater speed, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the first piston on the front cover or the rear cover at a greater speed when the cylinder is running; the present application reduces the outlet air flow of the cylinder by setting a first air flow channel and a second air flow channel, and the reduction in the outlet air flow causes the first piston to have a buffering effect when moving toward the front cover or the rear cover; the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel in the present application work reliably, and can enable the first piston to obtain a long-term and effective buffering effect, thereby preventing the first piston from causing a greater impact on the front cover or the rear cover, and extending the service life of the cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be used as a limitation on the scope of the present application. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the drawings are only schematically representing the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated displays, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0025] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a cylinder with a buffer structure disclosed in the present invention; Figure 2 It is one of the cross-sectional views of a cylinder with a buffer structure disclosed in the present invention; Figure 3 This disclosure Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 4 This disclosure Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a cylinder with a buffer structure disclosed in the present invention; Figure 6 This disclosure Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 This disclosure Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 8 This is the third structural schematic diagram of a cylinder with a buffer structure disclosed in the present invention; Fig. 9 This is the second cross-sectional view of a cylinder with a buffer structure disclosed in the present invention; Fig.10 This disclosure Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0026] Description of reference numerals: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Front end cover; 3. Rear end cover; 4. First air inlet / outlet; 5. Second air inlet / outlet; 6. First guide rod; 7. Second guide rod; 8. Piston rod; 9. First piston; 10. First channel; 11. Second channel; 12. Third channel; 13. Fourth channel; 14. First connecting channel; 15. Second connecting channel; 16. First annular groove; 17. Second annular groove; 18. First connecting protrusion; 19. Second connecting protrusion; 20. Annular recess; 21. Third annular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is described in detail, clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the present application provides a cylinder with a buffer structure, comprising: a cylinder body 1; an end cover assembly, the end cover assembly comprising a front end cover 2 and a rear end cover 3 arranged at both ends of the cylinder body 1, the front end cover 2 is provided with a first air inlet / outlet 4, and the rear end cover 3 is provided with a second air inlet / outlet 5; a guide rod assembly, the guide rod assembly is arranged in the cylinder body 1, and the guide rod assembly is provided with a first air flow channel connected to the first air inlet / outlet 4 and a second air flow channel connected to the second air inlet / outlet 5, the gas in the cylinder body 1 flows to the first air inlet / outlet 4 through the first air flow channel or flows to the second air inlet / outlet 5 through the second air flow channel; a piston assembly, the piston assembly comprises a piston rod 8 and a first piston 9 arranged on the piston rod 8, one end of the piston rod 8 passes through the front end cover 2, and the other end of the piston rod 8 is connected to the first piston 9. Since the guide rod assembly is provided with a first air flow channel connected to the first air inlet / outlet 4 and a second air flow channel connected to the second air inlet / outlet 5, the gas in the cylinder body 1 first flows to the first air inlet / outlet 4 through the first air flow channel and then is discharged from the first air inlet / outlet 4, or first flows to the second air inlet / outlet 5 through the second air flow channel and then is discharged from the second air inlet / outlet 5. The provision of the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel limits the flow rate of gas entering the first air inlet / outlet 4 and the second air inlet / outlet 5, and delays the time for gas to enter the first air inlet / outlet 4 and the second air inlet / outlet 5. Compared with the existing method in which the gas in the cylinder body 1 is directly discharged from the first air inlet / outlet 4 or the second air inlet / outlet 5 without passing through the first air flow channel or the second air flow channel, the air outlet flow rate of the cylinder of the present application is greatly reduced, and the air outlet flow The reduction in the amount of air causes the first piston 9 to have a greater resistance when moving toward the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3, which makes the first piston 9 only slowly advance toward the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3, and it is difficult for the first piston 9 to collide with the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3 at a greater speed, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the first piston 9 on the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3 at a greater speed when the cylinder is running; the present application reduces the gas flow rate of the cylinder by setting the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel, and the reduction in the gas flow rate causes the first piston 9 to have a buffering effect when moving toward the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3; the first air flow channel and the second air flow channel in the present application work reliably, and can enable the first piston 9 to obtain a long-term and effective buffering effect, preventing the first piston 9 from causing a greater impact on the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3, and extending the service life of the cylinder. The end cover assembly in the present application can be connected to the cylinder body 1 by flange connection, thread connection or riveting. The cylinder of the present application has a good buffering effect and is suitable for vacuum valves (insert valves) with faster running speeds to extend the service life of the vacuum valve and reduce the maintenance frequency.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide rod assembly includes a first guide rod 6, a first end of the first guide rod 6 is connected to the front end cover 2, a second end of the first guide rod 6 is connected to the rear end cover 3, a first airflow channel is provided at the first end of the first guide rod 6, and a second airflow channel is provided at the second end of the first guide rod 6. Specifically, the front end cover 2 is provided with a first mounting groove, the rear end cover 3 is provided with a second mounting groove, the first end of the first guide rod 6 is provided in the first mounting groove, and the second end of the first guide rod 6 is provided in the second mounting groove.

[0031] Please also see Figure 3 As shown, further, the first air flow channel includes a first channel 10 and a second channel 11 that are interconnected, the first channel 10 and the second channel 11 are arranged at an angle to each other, and the second channel 11 is connected to the first air inlet / outlet 4. Specifically, the first channel 10 and the second channel 11 are perpendicular to each other, and such an arrangement allows the gas to take a curved route when entering the second channel 11 from the first channel 10, thereby achieving the purpose of slowing down the gas flow rate. The first air flow channel also includes a third channel 12, the third channel 12 is connected to the first channel 10, the third channel 12 is arranged parallel to the second channel 11, the first channel 10 is arranged between the second channel 11 and the third channel 12, the gas enters from the third channel 12, and flows from the second channel 11 to the first air inlet / outlet 4. A guide groove is provided on the side of the first guide rod 6, and the guide groove is the third channel 12; a first through hole is provided at the bottom of the guide groove, and the first through hole is the first channel 10; a second through hole is provided on the end face of the first guide rod 6 along its length direction, and the second through hole is the second channel 11. The second channel 11 and the third channel 12 are parallel to the axial direction of the first guide rod 6 , and the first channel 10 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first guide rod 6 .

[0032] Please see Figure 5-Figure 8As shown, further, the outer peripheral wall of the first piston 9 is provided with a first annular groove 16, a second annular groove 17 and a third annular groove 21, the first annular groove 16 is closer to the front end cover 2 than the second annular groove 17 and the third annular groove 21, and the second annular groove 17 is provided between the first annular groove 16 and the third annular groove 21. A magnetic ring is provided in the first annular groove 16, and the magnetic ring is used to cooperate with the magnetic switch to output an action signal; a first sealing gasket is provided in the second annular groove 17, and specifically, the first sealing gasket is an O-ring, and the first sealing gasket is provided to prevent the gas from flowing to the other side chamber of the first piston 9 and being discharged from the inlet / outlet port at the other end; a guide ring is provided in the third annular groove 21, and the guide ring is used to guide the first piston 9 in the cylinder on the one hand to ensure that it moves along the correct path, and on the other hand, the guide ring also plays a role in supporting the first piston 9, preventing the first piston 9 from directly contacting the cylinder body and reducing friction; in addition, the guide ring can also prevent direct metal contact between the first piston 9 or the piston rod 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder, thereby protecting other sealing gaskets and maintaining the sealing performance of the cylinder. The guide groove is a groove structure on the side of the first guide rod 6. The first through hole is set at the end of the guide groove away from the front cover 2. In the process of the first piston 9 moving from the rear cover 3 to the front cover 2, before the first piston 9 moves to the position of the first channel 10, the gas directly enters the second channel 11 from the first channel 10; as the first piston 9 continues to move in the direction of the front cover 2, when the first piston 9 moves to the position of the first channel 10, the first piston 9 covers the entrance of the first channel 10. At this time, the gas can only enter the guide groove first, that is, the gas enters the first channel 10 from the third channel 12, and then enters the second channel 11, and then is discharged from the first inlet / outlet 4. At this time, when exhausting, the gas needs to take a more circuitous route (passing through the third channel 12, the first channel 10 and the second channel 11 in sequence), which slows down the flow rate of the gas. It can be understood that when the first piston 9 moves to the position of the first channel 10, the distance between the first piston 9 and the front cover 2 is already very close, and it is necessary to further reduce the gas output to slow down the movement speed of the first piston 9 and prevent the first piston 9 from impacting the front cover 2 at a large speed. In addition, the buffer distance can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the second channel 11 and the third channel 12 .

[0033] Please continue to see Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, in particular, the first air flow channel also includes at least one fourth channel 13, the fourth channel 13 is connected to the second channel 11, and the axis of the fourth channel 13 is in the same plane as the axis of the first channel 10, so that the fourth channel 13 and the first channel 10 are at the same distance from the end face of the first guide rod 6. When the first piston 9 does not cover the entrances of the fourth channel 13 and the first channel 10, the gas can enter the second channel 11 from the fourth channel 13 in addition to the first channel 10. The setting of the fourth channel 13 enables the gas to enter the second channel 11 from multiple channels at the same time. In this way, when the first piston 9 does not cover the entrances of the fourth channel 13 and the first channel 10, the gas has a relatively large gas outlet flow rate, so that the first piston 9 can move at a relatively large speed. It can be understood that when the first piston 9 does not cover the entrances of the fourth channel 13 and the first channel 10, there is a considerable distance between the first piston 9 and the front end cover 2. In order to ensure the operating speed and power of the cylinder, the first piston 9 can move at a relatively high speed before covering the entrances of the fourth channel 13 and the first channel 10, so that the first piston 9 runs relatively fast in the early stage. When the first piston 9 runs to the entrance position of the fourth channel 13 and the first channel 10, the distance between the first piston 9 and the front end cover 2 is already very close. At this time, the gas enters the first channel 10 from the third channel 12, then enters the second channel 11, and is finally discharged from the first inlet / outlet 4. The movement speed of the first piston 9 is slowed down by reducing the gas outlet, thereby preventing the first piston 9 from impacting the front end cover 2 at a relatively high speed.

[0034] It should be noted that the structure of the second air flow channel is the same as that of the first air flow channel, which will not be described in detail here. The setting of the second air flow channel allows the gas to buffer the movement speed of the first piston 9 when it is discharged from the second inlet / outlet port 5, thereby preventing the first piston 9 from impacting the rear end cover 3.

[0035] like Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide rod assembly further includes a second guide rod 7, the first guide rod 6 and the second guide rod 7 are respectively arranged in parallel on both sides of the piston rod 8, the first piston 9 is respectively provided with a first limiting hole and a second limiting hole along its thickness direction, the first guide rod 6 passes through the first limiting hole, and the second guide rod 7 passes through the second limiting hole. The arrangement of the first guide rod 6 and the second guide rod 7 can limit the first piston 9 circumferentially to prevent the first piston 9 from circumferentially rotating when the external rotational force is too large. Specifically, the front end cover 2 is provided with a third mounting groove, the rear end cover 3 is provided with a fourth mounting groove, the first end of the second guide rod 7 is arranged in the third mounting groove, and the second end of the second guide rod 7 is arranged in the fourth mounting groove. It should be noted that the inner circumferential walls of the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are respectively provided with two annular concave portions 20, and a sealing member adapted to the shape thereof is provided in the annular concave portion 20, which is used to strengthen the sealing between the first piston 9 and the first guide rod 6 and the second guide rod 7, and prevent the gas from flowing into the gas inlet / outlet at the other end from the gap between the second guide rod 7 and the first piston 9 or the gap between the first guide rod 6 and the first piston 9. The specific structure and shape of the sealing member are not limited here, as long as it plays a sealing role.

[0036] In particular, connecting channels are respectively provided on the front cover 2 and the rear cover 3, and the first air flow channel is connected to the first air inlet / outlet 4 through the connecting channel on the front cover 2, and the second air flow channel is connected to the second air inlet / outlet 5 through the connecting channel on the rear cover 3. Specifically, the connecting channel includes a first connecting channel 14 and a second connecting channel 15 that are connected to each other, and the first connecting channel 14 and the second connecting channel 15 are perpendicular to each other. The first connecting channel 14 is connected to the first air inlet / outlet 4 or the second air inlet / outlet 5, and the second connecting channel 15 is connected to the second channel 11. The mutually perpendicular arrangement of the first connecting channel 14 and the second connecting channel 15 can also further slow down the flow rate of the gas during exhaust. The inner diameter of the first channel 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel 11; the inner diameter of the connecting channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel 11. Since the gas can enter the second channel 11 from the first channel 10 and the fourth channel 13 respectively, the inner diameter of the second channel 11 is set to be larger to facilitate the circulation of the gas. In order to prevent the gas from flowing too fast during exhaust and failing to achieve a buffering effect, the first connecting channel 14 and the second connecting channel 15 are vertically arranged, and the inner diameters of the first connecting channel 14 and the second connecting channel 15 are both smaller than the second channel 11.

[0037] like Figure 5As shown, in order to further prevent the first piston 9 from directly colliding with the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3, a first connecting protrusion 18 is provided on the front cover 2, and a first sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting protrusion 18 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body 1, and the height of the first sealing ring exceeds the end face of the first connecting protrusion 18; a second connecting protrusion 19 is provided on the rear cover 3, and a second sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting protrusion 19 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body 1, and the height of the second sealing ring exceeds the end face of the second connecting protrusion 19. The height of the first sealing ring exceeds the end face of the first connecting protrusion 18, and the height of the second sealing ring exceeds the end face of the second connecting protrusion 19. When the first piston 9 is in place, it will only hit the first sealing ring or the second sealing ring with a higher height, and the first piston 9 will not directly contact the front cover 2 or the rear cover 3. On the one hand, the collision of the first piston 9 with the front cover 2 and the rear cover 3 is effectively avoided, and on the other hand, the noise is reduced.

[0038] The present application is described in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the present application and its core ideas. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A cylinder with a buffer structure, characterized in that: include: Cylinder body (1); An end cover assembly, the end cover assembly comprising a front cover (2) and a rear cover (3) arranged at both ends of the cylinder body (1), the front cover (2) being provided with a first air inlet / outlet (4), and the rear cover (3) being provided with a second air inlet / outlet (5); A guide rod assembly, the guide rod assembly being arranged in the cylinder body (1), the guide rod assembly being provided with a first air flow channel communicating with the first air inlet / outlet (4) and a second air flow channel communicating with the second air inlet / outlet (5), the gas in the cylinder body (1) flowing to the first air inlet / outlet (4) through the first air flow channel or flowing to the second air inlet / outlet (5) through the second air flow channel; A piston assembly, the piston assembly comprising a piston rod (8) and a first piston (9), one end of the piston rod (8) passes through the front end cover (2), and the other end of the piston rod (8) is connected to the first piston (9).

2. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod assembly comprises a first guide rod (6), a first end of the first guide rod (6) being connected to the front end cover (2), a second end of the first guide rod (6) being connected to the rear end cover (3), a first air flow channel being arranged at the first end of the first guide rod (6), and a second air flow channel being arranged at the second end of the first guide rod (6).

3. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air flow channel comprises a first channel (10) and a second channel (11) which are connected to each other, the first channel (10) and the second channel (11) are arranged at an angle to each other, and the second channel (11) is connected to the first air inlet / outlet (4).

4. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first air flow channel further comprises a third channel (12), the third channel (12) being in communication with the first channel (10), the first channel (10) being arranged between the second channel (11) and the third channel (12), the gas entering through the third channel (12) and flowing from the second channel (11) to the first inlet / outlet (4).

5. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide groove is provided on the side of the first guide rod (6), the guide groove being the third channel (12); a first through hole is provided at the bottom of the guide groove, the first through hole being the first channel (10); and a second through hole is provided on the end surface of the first guide rod (6) along its length direction, the second through hole being the second channel (11).

6. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second channel (11) and the third channel (12) are parallel to the axial direction of the first guide rod (6), and the first channel (10) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first guide rod (6).

7. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first air flow channel further comprises at least one fourth channel (13), the fourth channel (13) being in communication with the second channel (11), and the axis of the fourth channel (13) being in the same plane as the axis of the first channel (10).

8. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting channel is provided on the front end cover (2), and the first air flow channel is connected to the first air inlet / outlet (4) through the connecting channel.

9. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting channel comprises a first connecting channel (14) and a second connecting channel (15) which are connected to each other, the first connecting channel (14) and the second connecting channel (15) are perpendicular to each other, the first connecting channel (14) is connected to the first air inlet / outlet (4), and the second connecting channel (15) is connected to the second channel (11).

10. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the first channel (10) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel (11); and the inner diameter of the connecting channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second channel (11).

11. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod assembly further comprises a second guide rod (7). The first guide rod (6) and the second guide rod (7) are respectively arranged on both sides of the piston rod (8). The first piston (9) is respectively provided with a first limiting hole and a second limiting hole along its thickness direction. The first guide rod (6) passes through the first limiting hole, and the second guide rod (7) passes through the second limiting hole.

12. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The inner peripheral walls of the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are respectively provided with at least two annular recesses (20), and sealing elements adapted to their shapes are provided in the annular recesses (20).

13. The cylinder with a buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end cover (2) is provided with a first connecting protrusion (18), a first sealing ring is provided between an outer peripheral wall of the first connecting protrusion (18) and an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body (1), and the height of the first sealing ring exceeds the end face of the first connecting protrusion (18); the rear end cover (3) is provided with a second connecting protrusion (19), a second sealing ring is provided between an outer peripheral wall of the second connecting protrusion (19) and an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body (1), and the height of the second sealing ring exceeds the end face of the second connecting protrusion (19).

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