AR display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides AR display equipment. The AR display equipment comprises an equipment main body, a lens, an optical-mechanical system and a processor, wherein the lens, the optical-mechanical system and the processor are arranged on the equipment main body; the lens is provided with a first surface deviating from human eyes, the first surface is provided with a thermal inductance coating, and the thermal inductance coating is used for displaying images; the optical-mechanical system comprises a laser transmitter and a light field modulation element, and the laser transmitter and the light field modulation element are both controlled by the processor; the laser transmitter is used for transmitting laser, and the wave band of the laser is an invisible light wave band; the light field modulation element is used for receiving the laser, reading the hologram loaded by the processor and modulating the phase of the laser to form at least two beams of image laser carrying image information; wherein each beam of image laser is focused to different positions of the thermal inductance coating, and the thermal inductance coating displays images with different brightness according to the energy density of the image laser focused to the thermal inductance coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of AR display technology, and more specifically, relate to an AR display device. Background Art

[0002] AR (Augmented Reality) is a technology that integrates real-world information and virtual-world information. It not only displays real-world information, but also displays virtual information at the same time. The two types of information complement and overlap with each other.

[0003] Currently, mainstream near-eye augmented reality display devices mostly utilize optical waveguide technology. For example, using optical waveguide technology to project images onto the human retina can easily pose safety risks to the human eye. Some current AR display devices project images onto the user's eyeglasses, but when images are projected onto the eyeglasses, they suffer from display issues such as low brightness and low contrast. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a new technical solution for AR display devices.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an AR display device. The AR display device includes:

[0006] A device body, a lens, an optical-mechanical system, and a processor, wherein the lens, the optical-mechanical system, and the processor are all disposed in the device body;

[0007] The lens has a first surface facing away from the human eye, the first surface is provided with a thermal coating, and the thermal coating is used to display images;

[0008] The optical-mechanical system includes a laser emitter and a light field modulation element, and both the laser emitter and the light field modulation element are controlled by the processor;

[0009] The laser emitter is used to emit laser light, and the wavelength of the laser light is in the invisible light band;

[0010] The light field modulation element is used to receive the laser light and read the hologram loaded by the processor, and modulate the phase of the laser light to form at least two image laser beams carrying image information;

[0011] Each beam of the image laser is focused on a different position of the thermosensitive coating, and the thermosensitive coating displays images of different brightness according to the energy density of the image laser focused thereon.

[0012] Optionally, the optical-mechanical system further comprises a wavelength adjustment element, wherein the wavelength adjustment element is arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser;

[0013] The wavelength adjustment element is configured to adjust the wavelength of the laser light so that the light field modulation element modulates the phase of the laser light of different wavelength bands;

[0014] The thermal sensitive coating displays different colors according to the received image lasers of different wavelength bands.

[0015] Optionally, the thermosensitive coating has a temperature threshold, and when the energy density of the image laser focused on the thermosensitive coating is greater than the temperature threshold, the AR display device displays a virtual image.

[0016] Optionally, the optical-mechanical system further comprises an energy regulating element and a polarization beam splitting element, and the energy regulating element and the polarization beam splitting element are arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser;

[0017] The energy adjustment element is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter and adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser light;

[0018] The polarization beam splitting element is used to receive the laser light passing through the energy regulating element and selectively transmit the laser light in one polarization state;

[0019] The light field modulation element is used to receive the laser light passing through the polarization beam splitting element.

[0020] Optionally, the energy regulating element is controlled by the processor, and the energy regulating element includes a phase delay element and a driving element, and the driving element and the phase delay element are controlled by the processor to drive the phase delay element to rotate.

[0021] Optionally, the AR display device further includes an ambient light sensor, and the ambient light sensor is provided on the device body;

[0022] The processor receives information transmitted by the ambient light sensor and controls the energy regulating element according to the information.

[0023] Optionally, the optical-mechanical system further comprises an optical shutter, on which an energy monitoring element is provided; the optical shutter is provided between the polarization beam splitting element and the light field modulation element;

[0024] When the optical shutter is in a closed state, the energy monitoring element monitors the energy density of the laser light transmitted to the optical shutter;

[0025] The optical shutter is controlled by the processor, and when the energy density of the laser reaches a threshold set by the energy monitoring element, the processor controls the optical shutter to be open. Optionally, the optical-mechanical system further includes a beam expander and a focusing element, wherein the beam expander and the focusing element are arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser;

[0026] The beam expanding element is placed at the front end of the light field modulation element, and the focusing element is placed at the rear end of the light field modulation element.

[0027] Optionally, the light field modulation element includes a liquid crystal molecule array or a microlens array.

[0028] Optionally, the lens has a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface, and an antireflection film is disposed on the second surface.

[0029] Optionally, the device body includes a frame, a sub-shell and temples, and the sub-shell is arranged between the frame and the temples;

[0030] The sub-shell has two open ends, one of which is connected to the temple, and the other is connected to the frame.

[0031] The optical-mechanical system is placed in the temple and the sub-shell.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present application, an AR display device is provided. In this embodiment, an image is projected onto the lens of the AR display device, avoiding direct projection of the image onto the retina of the human eye. Simultaneously, a thermally sensitive coating is provided on the side of the lens facing away from the human eye. The thermally sensitive coating displays image information of varying brightness depending on the energy density of the image laser focused on it, thereby improving the image display effect.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the present specification will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present specification with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the specification.

[0035] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the AR display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the connection between the temples and the sub-shell provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 3The figure shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the AR display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the lens provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Device body; 10. Frame; 11. Sub-shell; 12. Temple;

[0041] 2. Lens; 20. Thermal coating; 21. Anti-reflection coating;

[0042] 3. Optical-mechanical system; 31. Laser emitter; 32. Energy modulation element; 33. Polarization beam splitter; 34. Optical shutter; 35. Beam expander; 36. Light field modulator; 37. Focusing element;

[0043] 4. Processor;

[0044] 5. Ambient light sensor; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0046] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure, its application, or uses.

[0047] Techniques and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0048] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0049] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0050] An embodiment of the present application provides an AR display device that solves the problem of poor display effects such as low brightness and low contrast when projecting images onto lenses.

[0051] Reference Figures 1-4The AR display device includes: a device body 1, a lens 2, an optical-mechanical system 3 and a processor 4, and the lens 2, the optical-mechanical system 3 and the processor 4 are all arranged in the device body 1.

[0052] The lens 2 has a first surface facing away from the human eye. The first surface is provided with a thermosensitive coating 20 . The thermosensitive coating 20 is used for displaying images.

[0053] The optical-mechanical system 3 includes a laser emitter 31 and a light field modulation element 36 , and both the laser emitter 31 and the light field modulation element 36 are controlled by the processor 4 .

[0054] The laser emitter 31 is used to emit laser light, and the wavelength of the laser light is in the invisible light band;

[0055] The light field modulation element 36 is used to receive the laser light and read the hologram loaded by the processor 4, and modulate the phase of the laser light to form at least two image laser beams carrying image information;

[0056] Each beam of the image laser is focused on a different position of the thermosensitive coating 20 , and the thermosensitive coating 20 displays images of different brightness according to the energy density of the image laser focused thereon.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, the AR display device mainly includes a device body 1, a lens 2, an optical-mechanical system 3 and a processor 4, wherein the lens 2, the optical-mechanical system 3 and the processor 4 are all integrated into the device body 1, making the AR display device more compact. Specifically, the lens 2 is fixed on the device body 1. When the AR display device is worn, the lens 2 has a first surface facing away from the human eye, and a thermosensitive coating 20 is provided on the first surface. The AR display device projects an image onto the thermosensitive coating 20, and the thermosensitive coating 20 displays the image for the user to watch. For example, a coating or spraying process is used to provide a thermosensitive coating 20 on the first surface of the lens 2. The thermosensitive coating 20 has a color-changing effect. When the image laser is focused on the thermosensitive coating 20, the thermosensitive coating 20 can change color and display the image.

[0058] For example, the material of the thermal-sensitive coating 20 may include organic reversible thermochromic compounds, such as spirocyclic compounds, dianthrone compounds, Schiff base compounds, fluorene compounds, and triphenylmethane compounds. The material of the thermal-sensitive coating 20 may also include inorganic reversible thermochromic pigments, such as iodides, complexes, and double salts of Ag, Cu, and Hg, and compounds formed from cobalt salts and nickel salts and hexamethylenetetramine.

[0059] The optical-mechanical system 3 includes a laser emitter 31 and a light field modulator 36. Both the laser emitter 31 and the light field modulator 36 are controlled by the processor 4. For example, the processor 4 controls the laser emitter 31 to be turned on and off, and the processor 4 controls the light field modulator 36 to be turned on and off.

[0060] The laser emitter 31 serves as a light source element, emitting laser light in an invisible wavelength band. For example, the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 is invisible to the user during its entire optical transmission path; the user can only see the image ultimately displayed on the thermal coating 20. Because the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 is invisible light, after being modulated by the light field modulation element 36, it becomes an image laser that carries the image phenomenon. The image laser light is also invisible to the user during its transmission to the thermal coating 20, preventing the user from directly viewing the laser light and protecting their eyes. For example, the laser emitter 31 is an infrared laser.

[0061] The light field modulator 36 is disposed in the laser transmission optical path. It receives the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 and modulates the laser light's phase. Simultaneously, the light field modulator 36 can read the hologram loaded into it by the processor 4. For example, a drive electrical signal is applied to the light field modulator 36 to modulate the laser light's phase. The light field modulator 36 can also read and identify image information on the hologram.

[0062] Specifically, processor 4 calculates and generates a hologram based on the image to be displayed (target image), and then loads the hologram output onto light field modulation element 36 for display. Simultaneously, processor 4 synchronously controls the laser emitter 31 to emit light. After being turned on by processor 4, light field modulation element 36 reads the hologram and modulates the phase of the laser light transmitted to it, emitting at least two image laser beams carrying image information. Each image laser beam focuses on a different position on the thermal coating 20, allowing the thermal coating 20 to display the corresponding image.

[0063] For example, the light field modulation element 36 can process the phase of the incident laser based on the GS algorithm of Fourier transform, so that the laser is split into multiple beams of laser light carrying image information, and each beam of image laser light carrying image information (wherein the image information carried by each beam of image laser light is defined as sub-image information) is focused at a different focusing position of the thermal-sensitive coating 20, and the thermal-sensitive coating 20 displays each sub-image accordingly, and multiple sub-images are presented on the thermal-sensitive coating 20, constituting a target image that can be seen by the user.

[0064] The thermal coating 20 can display images of varying brightness depending on the energy density of the image laser focused on it. For example, when the image laser is focused on the thermal coating 20, the coating 20 exhibits a color-changing effect, with the brightness of the image displayed by the coating 20 increasing as the energy density of the image laser increases. Therefore, the energy density of the image laser can be adjusted to allow the thermal coating 20 to display images of varying brightness, resulting in more realistic brightness and contrast, enhancing the display quality of the AR display device.

[0065] Therefore, in this embodiment, a thermal coating 20 is provided on the first surface of the lens 2. The image to be displayed is projected onto the thermal coating 20, which then displays the image to be viewed by the user. The thermal coating 20 can display images of varying brightness based on the energy density of the image laser focused onto it, resulting in a more optimal image displayed by the thermal coating 20.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the energy density of the emitted laser light can be adjusted by controlling the light output of the laser emitter 31. For example, a gear switch can be provided on the laser emitter 31 to adjust the light output of the laser emitter 31 and thereby adjust the energy density of the emitted laser light. Alternatively, in an alternative embodiment, a laser energy adjustment component can be provided in the laser light path to adjust the energy density of the laser light.

[0067] It should be noted that processing the image to be displayed by processor 4 to generate a hologram is a technique well known to those skilled in the art. For example, taking a 1280*1024 resolution light field modulation element 36 as an example, after the image carrying the information is input into processor 4, if the image's aspect ratio satisfies a 5:4 ratio, it is directly converted into a 1280*1024 pixel matrix. If the image's aspect ratio does not meet this ratio, it is first cropped or scaled before being converted into a 1280*1024 pixel matrix. The pixel matrix is ​​then grayscale processed to convert it into a grayscale image. Considering that the distances between the focusing element 37 and each pixel region of the thermal coating 20 vary during laser focusing of the image, the grayscale image is decomposed into multiple sub-grayscale images based on different distances. For example, to limit white pixels to display information, a holographic algorithm, such as the Fourier transform-based GS algorithm or GSW algorithm, can be used to process the phase of the incident laser light. Based on the laser beam focus position corresponding to each hologram, spherical wave factors of different focal lengths are encoded in the holographic plane of the light field, causing the focus to shift along the optical axis. After generating a hologram corresponding to each sub-grayscale image, multiple holograms are superimposed according to a superposition algorithm to generate a hologram corresponding to the input image, which is input to the light field modulation element 36. One method of superimposing holograms is to perform a phase accumulation of multiple holograms and then take the modulo 2π.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, microholes are provided on the device body 1 , and the microholes correspond to the setting positions of the optical-mechanical system 3 and the laser emitter 31 , wherein the microholes are used for heat dissipation of the AR display device.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the AR display device is provided with a speaker, and micro-holes are opened on the device body 1, and the micro-holes are used to transmit the sound of the speaker.

[0070] In one embodiment, the optical-mechanical system 3 further includes a wavelength adjustment element, and the wavelength adjustment element is arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser;

[0071] The wavelength adjustment element is configured to: adjust the wavelength of the laser so that the light field modulation element 36 modulates the phase of the laser light of different wavelength bands;

[0072] The thermal-sensitive coating 20 displays different colors according to the received image lasers of different wavelength bands.

[0073] In this embodiment, the optical-mechanical system 3 further includes a wavelength adjustment element, which is disposed in the transmission optical path of the laser and adjusts the wavelength of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 31. For example, the wavelength adjustment element can adjust the laser wavelength to the ultraviolet band, the infrared band, and the far-infrared band.

[0074] After the wavelength adjustment element adjusts the invisible laser wavelength, the light field modulation element 36 phase-modulates the laser beams of different wavelengths, allowing them to be split into separate beams. The split laser beams of different wavelengths, carrying image information, are focused onto the thermal coating 20. The thermal coating 20 then displays different colors based on the different wavelengths of the received image laser beams, thus enabling the display of a color image.

[0075] For example, when the thermal-sensitive coating 20 receives an image laser in the ultraviolet band, the thermal-sensitive coating 20 correspondingly displays a red image; when the thermal-sensitive coating 20 receives an image laser in the infrared band, the thermal-sensitive coating 20 correspondingly displays a green image; when the thermal-sensitive coating 20 receives an image laser in the far-infrared band, the thermal-sensitive coating 20 correspondingly displays a blue image.

[0076] In the laser light path, lasers of the same wavelength band are transmitted at the same time, so a higher refresh rate is required for the light field modulation element 36. That is, the light field modulation element 36 needs to refresh the hologram at a higher refresh rate.

[0077] In one embodiment, the thermosensitive coating 20 has a temperature threshold. When the energy density of the image laser focused on the thermosensitive coating 20 is greater than the temperature threshold, the thermosensitive coating 20 changes color and the AR display device displays a virtual image.

[0078] For example, the material of the thermosensitive coating 20 may include an organic reversible thermochromic compound, or it may also include an inorganic reversible thermochromic pigment. The thermosensitive coating 20 changes color when heat exceeds a certain temperature threshold. For example, the color change temperature of HgI2 is 137°C, and the color change temperature of CuHgI2 is 71°C. Therefore, the temperature threshold of the thermosensitive coating 20 can be defined based on the color-changing material included in the thermosensitive coating 20.

[0079] When the energy density of the image laser focused on the thermal coating 20 exceeds the temperature threshold of the thermal coating 20, the thermal coating 20 changes color, correspondingly displaying the desired image, allowing the AR display device to display a virtual image. When the energy density of the image laser focused on the thermal coating 20 is less than the temperature threshold of the thermal coating 20, the thermal coating 20 does not change color and does not display a virtual image. The user wearing the AR display device can view the real world.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the thermal coating 20 changes color when the energy density exceeds a temperature threshold, and as the energy density increases, the image displayed by the thermal coating 20 becomes brighter. The higher the energy density of the laser, the higher the temperature when it is focused on the thermal coating 20.

[0081] Optionally, in order to improve display clarity, when the thermosensitive coating 20 is plated on the first surface of the lens 2, there should be spacing areas between the pixel areas of the thermosensitive coating 20, that is, when the pixel area changes color, it will not affect the adjacent pixel areas.

[0082] Optionally, after the image laser is focused on and leaves a 20-pixel area of ​​the thermal-sensitive coating, the time delay for the area to change color and return to a transparent state should be less than 0.005s.

[0083] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the optical-mechanical system 3 further includes an energy regulating element 32 and a polarization beam splitting element 33, and the energy regulating element 32 and the polarization beam splitting element 33 are arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser;

[0084] The energy adjustment element 32 is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 and adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser light;

[0085] The polarization beam splitter 33 is used to receive the laser light passing through the energy regulating element 32 and selectively transmit the laser light in a polarization state, so that the polarization direction of the laser light remains consistent after passing through the polarization beam splitter 33, so that the light field modulation element 36 only modulates the laser light phase.

[0086] The light field modulation element 36 is used to receive the laser light passing through the polarization beam splitting element 33 .

[0087] In this embodiment, the optical-mechanical system 3 also includes an energy adjustment element 32 and a polarization beam splitter 33. The combination of the energy adjustment element 32 and the polarization beam splitter 33 continuously adjusts the energy density of the emitted laser light. The energy adjustment element 32 rotates the polarization direction of light, while the polarization beam splitter 33 selects the polarization direction of transmission. The combination of the two enables continuous adjustment of laser energy. For example, the energy adjustment element 32 and the polarization beam splitter 33 can be combined to continuously adjust the power of the output laser light.

[0088] In this embodiment, the light field modulation element 36 receives the laser light passing through the polarization splitting element 33, so the laser light received by the light field modulation element 36 is a laser light with a polarization state. The light field modulation element 36 can produce different focusing effects for laser light with polarization states of different rotation directions, so that the laser light with a polarization state is split and focused to different positions of the thermal sensitive coating 20.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, the polarization beam splitter element 33 is a polarization beam splitter prism. The polarization beam splitter prism is composed of two right-angle prisms, with a dielectric coating applied to the intersecting slope of the two prisms. The laser beam should be incident at a 45-degree angle on the dielectric coating to maintain a consistent polarization direction for the outgoing light, facilitating subsequent modulation of the laser light field by the light field modulation element 36.

[0090] In one embodiment, the energy regulating element 32 is controlled by the processor 4, and the energy regulating element 32 includes a phase delay element and a driving element. The driving element and the phase delay element are controlled by the processor 4 to drive the phase delay element to rotate.

[0091] In this embodiment, the energy adjustment element 32 includes a phase delay element and a driving element, wherein the phase delay element may be a half-wave plate. The driving element drives the phase delay element to rotate.

[0092] For example, a half-wave plate creates a phase difference of half a wavelength between the vertical and horizontal polarization directions of the laser. By rotating the half-wave plate, the energy density of the laser beam allowed to pass can be controlled, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the display brightness. For example, the higher the energy density of the laser beam allowed to pass, the brighter the image ultimately displayed by the thermal-sensitive coating 20; the lower the energy density of the laser beam allowed to pass, the darker the image ultimately displayed by the thermal-sensitive coating 20.

[0093] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , the AR display device further includes an ambient light sensor 5, and the ambient light sensor 5 is provided on the device body 1;

[0094] The processor 4 receives information transmitted by the ambient light sensor 5 and controls the energy regulating element 32 according to the information.

[0095] In this embodiment, an ambient light sensor 5 is provided on the device body 1. For example, if the AR display device is AR glasses, the ambient light sensor 5 is provided above the frame of the AR glasses. The ambient light sensor 5 is used to monitor the intensity of external light when the AR display device is operating. The brightness of the image displayed by the AR display device can be automatically adjusted according to the intensity of the external light.

[0096] Specifically, the ambient light sensor 5 monitors the intensity of external light in real time and transmits the monitored light intensity information to the processor 4; after the processor 4 receives the information transmitted by the ambient light sensor 5, the processor 4 drives the driving element of the energy adjustment element 32 to move, rotates the phase delay element, and then changes the polarization state of the laser, so that the power of the laser passing through the polarization reflection element changes.

[0097] For example, after the processor 4 receives the information transmitted by the ambient light sensor 5, it needs a laser with a higher energy density to pass through. At this time, the processor 4 drives the driving element to move and rotate the phase delay element so that more laser light passing through the phase delay element can pass through the polarization splitting element 33.

[0098] For example, if the processor 4 receives information transmitted by the ambient light sensor 5 and needs a laser with less energy density to pass through, the processor 4 drives the driving element to move and rotate the phase delay element so that the laser passing through the phase delay element can pass through the polarization splitting element 33 less.

[0099] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The optical-mechanical system 3 further includes an optical shutter 34 , on which an energy monitoring element is provided; the optical shutter 34 is provided between the polarization beam splitting element 33 and the light field modulation element 36 ;

[0100] When the optical shutter 34 is in a closed state, the energy monitoring element monitors the energy density of the laser transmitted to the optical shutter 34;

[0101] The optical shutter 34 is controlled by the processor 4 . When the energy density of the laser reaches a threshold value set by the energy monitoring element, the processor 4 controls the optical shutter 34 to be in an open state.

[0102] In this embodiment, the optical-mechanical system 3 also includes an optical shutter 34, which has an open state and a closed state. The processor 4 controls the opening and closing of the optical shutter 34. When the optical shutter 34 is open, the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 can continue to be transmitted through the optical shutter 34. When the optical shutter 34 is closed, the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 cannot pass through the optical shutter 34 and cannot be transmitted. At this time, the real world viewed by the user is obscured.

[0103] Specifically, the processor 4 controls the opening and closing states of the optical shutter 34. An energy monitoring element is integrated into the optical shutter 34. For example, the energy monitoring element may be an energy monitoring sensor for monitoring the energy density of the incident laser light. For example, the energy detection element may be an optical power meter. The energy monitoring element is integrated into the optical shutter 34. When the optical shutter 34 is in the closed state, the energy monitoring element monitors the energy density of the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 31 in real time. When the energy density of the laser light is detected to be qualified, the optical shutter 34 opens, and the energy monitoring element is adjusted to deviate from the transmission direction of the laser light path to prevent the energy monitoring element from affecting the normal transmission of the laser light.

[0104] For example, the energy density of the laser incident on the optical shutter 34 is related to the energy regulating element 32. When the incident laser energy density is too high, indicating that the laser or energy regulating element 32 has failed, the processor 4 adjusts the optical shutter 34 to the closed state and issues a "beep" error message. When the incident laser energy is too low, in addition to considering the problems with the laser and energy regulating element 32, it is also necessary to consider whether there is any obstruction in the optical path. In this case, the processor 4 also adjusts the optical shutter 34 to the closed state and issues a "beep" error message.

[0105] Among them, only when the monitored laser energy density matches the laser energy density allowed to pass by the energy adjustment element 32 (the laser energy density allowed to pass by the energy adjustment element 32 is related to the information transmitted to the processing by the ambient light sensor 5), the processor 4 adjusts the optical shutter 34 to the open state.

[0106] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The optical-mechanical system 3 further includes a beam expander 35 and a focusing element 37, and the beam expander 35 and the focusing element 37 are arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser;

[0107] The beam expander 35 is disposed at the front end of the light field modulation element 36 , and the focusing element 37 is disposed at the rear end of the light field modulation element 36 .

[0108] In this embodiment, the optical-mechanical system 3 further includes a beam expander 35 and a focusing element 37. The laser light emitted from the laser emitter 31 passes through the beam expander 35, the light field modulator 36, and the focusing element 37 in sequence, and is ultimately focused onto the thermal-sensitive coating 20 of the lens 2. The laser light is then focused after beam expansion, which improves the quality of the laser light and enhances the image quality displayed by the AR display device.

[0109] For example, the beam expander 35 in an AR display adjusts the laser spot, expanding the beam diameter and reducing the laser divergence angle. The beam expander 35 consists of a negative lens and a positive lens. After passing through the beam expander, the laser's spot size should overlap the light field modulator 36.

[0110] For example, the focusing element 37 may be a focusing mirror, which can focus the image laser.

[0111] In one embodiment, the light field modulation element 36 includes a liquid crystal molecule array or a micro lens array.

[0112] In this embodiment, the light field modulation element 36 may be a micro lens array or a liquid crystal molecule array, and the light field modulation element 36 is controlled by the processor 4 .

[0113] Specifically, the light field modulation element 36 can also be called a diffraction optical element. The light field modulation element 36 is composed of a liquid crystal molecule array or a microlens array, which can modulate the laser light field. Taking liquid crystal molecules as an example, since the phase of the laser is related to the optical path, when the liquid crystal molecules are deflected by voltage control, their refractive index will change, changing the optical path of the outgoing light, thereby achieving the purpose of modulating the phase of the laser. In order to provide a better user experience, each liquid crystal molecule in the light field modulation element 36 can be regarded as a pixel point, so the liquid crystal molecule array is at least 1280*1024, and the refresh rate should be greater than 60Hz. Since the distance from the focusing element 37 to each point of the lens 2 is inconsistent, it is necessary to focus each laser beam to a different position through light field modulation.

[0114] For example, the image to be displayed is converted by processor 4 into a pixel matrix that matches the resolution of light field modulation element 36. This matrix is ​​then converted into a grayscale image, with the brightness of each pixel represented by a grayscale value. A diffraction optical holographic algorithm is used to process the grayscale image to generate a hologram that can be recognized by light field modulation element 36. Holographic algorithms such as the GS algorithm and the GSW algorithm can be used. Light field modulation element 36 controls the deflection of liquid crystal molecules or microlenses to achieve the purpose of laser beam splitting. To ensure display quality, the refresh rate of light field modulation element 36 should be greater than 60Hz.

[0115] It should be noted that the greater the refresh rate of the light field modulation element 36 (a higher refresh rate can bring smoother adaptation and faster response time), the higher the refresh frequency of the hologram by the light field modulation element 36, and special attention should be paid to the heat dissipation problem of the light field modulation element 36.

[0116] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4 The lens 2 has a second surface opposite to the first surface, and an antireflection film 21 is provided on the second surface.

[0117] In this embodiment, an anti-reflection film 21 is provided on the surface of the lens 2 close to the human eye, wherein the anti-reflection film 21 can reduce the reflection of light, enable better transmission of the image laser, and enhance the user's viewing experience of the image.

[0118] In an optional embodiment, the lens 2 can have a myopia function, which can meet the myopia degree of 200° to 800°; it can also have an anti-dispersion function. When the laser beam is focused on the surface of the lens 2, it can be observed as a clear pixel point from a 360° viewing angle.

[0119] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device body 1 includes a frame 10, a sub-shell 11 and temples 12, and the sub-shell 11 is arranged between the frame 10 and the temples 12;

[0120] The sub-shell 11 has two open ends, one of which is connected to the temple 12 and the other is connected to the frame 10.

[0121] The optical-mechanical system 3 is placed inside the temple 12 and the sub-housing 11 .

[0122] For example, a first positioning surface and a second positioning surface are provided inside the open end where the sub-shell 11 is connected to the temple 12. The first positioning surface and the second positioning surface are spaced apart, and the temple 12 is located between the first positioning surface and the second positioning surface. The outer surfaces of the temple 12 are bonded and fixed to the first positioning surface and the second positioning surface respectively.

[0123] The optical-mechanical system 3 is placed within the temple 12 and the sub-housing 11. For example, the energy adjustment element 32, polarization beam splitter 33, and optical shutter 34 of the optical-mechanical system 3 are placed within the temple 12, and the beam expander 35, light field modulator 36, and focusing element 37 of the optical-mechanical system 3 are placed within the sub-housing 11. This embodiment rationally allocates the positions of the various optical components of the optical-mechanical system 3, thereby improving the wearing experience of the user.

[0124] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 3The AR display device includes a lens 2, a processor 4, and an optical-mechanical system 3. A thermal-sensitive coating 20 is provided on the side of the lens 2 facing away from the human eye. The optical components of the optical-mechanical system 3 are arranged along the optical path of the emitted laser. For example, along the transmission direction of the laser light path, a laser emitter 31, an energy modulation element 32, a polarization beam splitter 33, an optical shutter 34, a beam expander 35, a light field modulator 36, and a focusing element 37 are sequentially arranged.

[0125] Because the AR display device contains precision components, after the user presses the power button, the entire laser optical path device enters a 3-5 second self-test phase under the control of processor 4. After the processor 4 starts, in order to prevent the optical shutter 34 from accidentally opening due to collisions or other reasons when the device is off, thereby causing the laser optical path device to fail the self-test, a closing command for the optical shutter 34 is sent to ensure that the optical shutter 34 is in the closed state.

[0126] The processor 4 controls the energy adjustment element 32 based on the information (external light intensity reading) transmitted to it by the ambient light sensor 5, so that the brightness of the image displayed by the AR display device is in an appropriate state. After that, the processor 4 controls the laser emitter 31 to turn on, and the laser emitter 31 emits a laser. After the laser passes through the energy adjustment element 32 and the polarization beam splitter 33, it is incident on the optical shutter 34. The energy monitoring element provided on the optical shutter 34 analyzes the energy density of the laser at this time according to the setting of the energy adjustment element 32. If the energy density monitoring of the laser is reasonable, the processor 4 controls the optical shutter 34 to open; if the energy density monitoring of the laser is unreasonable, the optical shutter 34 remains closed and issues an error prompt. When the optical shutter 34 is turned on, the light field modulation element 36 will be turned on. After the laser is expanded by the beam expansion element 35, it is incident on the light field modulation element 36.

[0127] The light field modulation element 36 reads the hologram loaded into it by the processor 4 and phase-modulates the incident laser light, emitting multiple image laser beams carrying image information. The image laser beams pass through the focusing element 37 and are focused on the thermal coating 20 on the first surface of the lens 2. For example, the thermal coating 20 has an area of ​​1280 x 1024 pixels, corresponding to the maximum number of modulated beams of the light field modulation element 36.

[0128] When the heat generated by the image laser focused on the thermal coating 20 exceeds the coating's temperature threshold, the pixel area changes color, displaying a virtual image. The light field modulation element 36 continuously updates the hologram, and the multiple images displayed on the thermal coating 20 are continuously refreshed, forming a video presentation for the user. When the heat generated by the image laser focused on the thermal coating 20 does not exceed the coating's temperature threshold, the thermal coating 20 does not change color, displaying the real world.

[0129] In a specific embodiment, when a user is using an AR display device and issues a shutdown command, the processor 4 controls the optical shutter 34 to close, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter 31 cannot pass through the optical shutter 34 and be received by the light field modulation element 36. Therefore, the user wears the AR display device to view the real world. The processor 4 controls the energy adjustment element 32 to reset, and simultaneously controls the light field modulation element 36 and the laser emitter 31 to shut down. The energy monitoring element integrated in the optical shutter 34 monitors the laser energy. If laser energy is still detected, an error is reported and the laser emitter 31 is shut down again. If no laser energy is detected, the processor 4 shuts down.

[0130] The above embodiments focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0131] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An AR display device, characterized in that: include: A device body (1), a lens (2), an optical-mechanical system (3) and a processor (4), wherein the lens (2), the optical-mechanical system (3) and the processor (4) are all arranged on the device body (1); The lens (2) has a first surface facing away from the human eye, the first surface is provided with a thermosensitive coating (20), and the thermosensitive coating (20) is used to display images; The optical-mechanical system (3) comprises a laser emitter (31) and a light field modulation element (36), and both the laser emitter (31) and the light field modulation element (36) are controlled by the processor (4); The laser emitter (31) is used to emit laser light, the wavelength of the laser light being an invisible light wavelength band; The light field modulation element (36) is used to receive the laser and read the hologram loaded by the processor (4), and modulate the phase of the laser to form at least two image lasers carrying image information; Each beam of the image laser is focused on a different position of the thermosensitive coating (20), and the thermosensitive coating (20) displays images of different brightness according to the energy density at which the image laser is focused.

2. The AR display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical-mechanical system (3) further comprises a wavelength adjustment element, wherein the wavelength adjustment element is arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser; The wavelength adjustment element is configured to adjust the wavelength of the laser so that the light field modulation element (36) modulates the phase of lasers of different wavelength bands; The thermal sensitive coating (20) displays different colors according to the received image lasers of different wavelength bands.

3. The AR display device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermosensitive coating (20) has a temperature threshold, and when the energy density of the image laser focused on the thermosensitive coating (20) is greater than the temperature threshold, the AR display device displays a virtual image.

4. The AR display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical-mechanical system (3) further comprises an energy regulating element (32) and a polarization beam splitting element (33), wherein the energy regulating element (32) and the polarization beam splitting element (33) are arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser; The energy adjustment element (32) is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser emitter (31) and adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser light; The polarization beam splitting element (33) is used to receive the laser light passing through the energy regulating element (32) and selectively transmit the laser light in one polarization state; The light field modulation element (36) is used to receive the laser light passing through the polarization beam splitting element (33).

5. The AR display device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy regulating element (32) is controlled by the processor (4), and the energy regulating element (32) includes a phase delay element and a driving element. The driving element and the phase delay element are controlled by the processor (4) to drive the phase delay element to rotate.

6. The AR display device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The AR display device further comprises an ambient light sensor (5), wherein the ambient light sensor (5) is arranged on the device body (1); The processor (4) receives information transmitted by the ambient light sensor (5) and controls the energy regulating element (32) according to the information.

7. The AR display device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optical-mechanical system (3) further comprises an optical shutter (34), on which an energy monitoring element is arranged; the optical shutter (34) is arranged between the polarization beam splitting element (33) and the light field modulation element (36); When the optical shutter (34) is in a closed state, the energy monitoring element monitors the energy density of the laser transmitted to the optical shutter (34); The optical shutter (34) is controlled by the processor (4), and when the energy density of the laser reaches a threshold value set by the energy monitoring element, the processor (4) controls the optical shutter (34) to be in an open state.

8. The AR display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical-mechanical system (3) further comprises a beam expander (35) and a focusing element (37), wherein the beam expander (35) and the focusing element (37) are arranged on the transmission optical path of the laser; The beam expanding element (35) is disposed at the front end of the light field modulation element (36), and the focusing element (37) is disposed at the rear end of the light field modulation element.

9. The AR display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light field modulation element (36) comprises a liquid crystal molecule array or a micro lens array.

10. The AR display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens (2) has a second surface arranged opposite to the first surface, and an anti-reflection film (21) is arranged on the second surface.

11. The AR display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device body (1) comprises a mirror frame (10), a sub-shell (11) and a mirror leg (12), wherein the sub-shell (11) is arranged between the mirror frame (10) and the mirror leg (12); The sub-shell (11) has two open ends, one of which is connected to the temple (12), and the other is connected to the frame (10); The optical-mechanical system (3) is placed inside the temple (12) and the sub-housing (11).

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