Battery pack shell and battery pack

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack shell and a battery pack, the battery shell comprises a shell and a heat insulation and pressure relief structure, and the shell is provided with a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity; the heat insulation and pressure relief structure comprises a first heat insulation and pressure relief piece and a second heat insulation and pressure relief piece, the first heat insulation and pressure relief piece and the second heat insulation and pressure relief piece are arranged between the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity respectively, and the first heat insulation and pressure relief piece and the second heat insulation and pressure relief piece are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode to form a pressure relief channel. An exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the shell so that the pressure relief channel can communicate with the exterior of the shell through the exhaust hole. Therefore, the problem of explosion caused by thermal runaway can be prevented, the single battery cells of the adjacent accommodating cavities can be protected, and an existing scheme of carrying out mechanical thermal runaway protection through a high-strength battery shell can be replaced, so that the weight of the battery shell is reduced, the lightweight design of the battery pack is realized, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. And the grouping rate and the energy density of the battery pack are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack shell and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, energy storage systems and consumer electronic equipment markets, the demand for batteries with higher energy density is also increasing. At the same time, during the use of batteries, the thermal runaway problem of battery packs is a safety hazard that cannot be ignored.

[0003] Currently, most of the solutions for preventing thermal runaway of battery packs on the market rely on the safety properties of the battery cells themselves. However, this single protection strategy is difficult to cope with the actual complex thermal runaway situations. For example, the battery cells that actually experience thermal runaway in the battery pack are often a single one or more cells, rather than all the cells in the entire battery pack experiencing thermal runaway problems at the same time. Therefore, simply relying on the safety properties of the battery cells themselves cannot prevent the chain reaction of the entire battery pack caused by a single cell. In addition, there are also solutions that use high-strength battery casings for mechanical protection against thermal runaway, but this will increase the overall weight of the battery pack, resulting in a low battery pack assembly rate and failure to give full play to the advantages of the battery's high energy density. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a battery pack housing and a battery pack, so that the battery pack can achieve a lightweight design while taking into account thermal runaway protection, thereby improving the battery pack grouping rate and energy density.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A battery pack shell comprises: a shell and a thermal insulation and pressure relief structure, the shell is provided with a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber; the thermal insulation and pressure relief structure comprises a first thermal insulation and pressure relief component and a second thermal insulation and pressure relief component, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component and the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component are respectively arranged between the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component and the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component are relatively spaced apart to form a pressure relief channel; and an exhaust hole is opened on the side wall of the shell, so that the pressure relief channel is connected with the outside of the shell through the exhaust hole.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component includes a first fixed plate and a first thermal insulation and pressure relief block, the first fixed plate is arranged on the shell, and the first fixed plate is located between the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, and a first pressure relief hole is opened on the side wall of the first fixed plate, and the first thermal insulation and pressure relief block is arranged in the first pressure relief hole.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief block is an aerogel thermal insulation and pressure relief block.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the heat-insulating pressure relief structure further includes a first side pressure relief component and a second side pressure relief component, and the first side pressure relief component and the second side pressure relief component are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell.

[0010] A battery pack includes the above-mentioned battery pack shell and a battery assembly, wherein the battery assembly includes at least two groups of battery cell groups, the two groups of battery cell groups are respectively accommodated in the first accommodation cavity and the second accommodation cavity, the battery cell group includes at least two single battery cells stacked in sequence, and the explosion-proof structure of the single battery cell is opposite to the pressure relief hole of the thermal insulation and pressure relief structure.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, a heat insulating buffer component is further included, and the heat insulating buffer component is arranged between two adjacent single battery cells.

[0012] In one embodiment, the thermal insulation buffer assembly includes two heat dissipation buffer plates and a heat insulation plate, wherein the heat insulation plate is located between the two heat dissipation buffer plates; a side surface of the two heat dissipation buffer plates away from the heat insulation plate respectively abuts against a side surface of two adjacent single battery cells.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the heat dissipation buffer plate includes a buffer layer and a heat-conducting layer. The heat-conducting layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the buffer layer, and the heat-conducting layer is thermally connected to the shell.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, a thermally conductive adhesive is disposed on a side of the battery cell group close to the shell, and the thermally conductive layer is connected to the thermally conductive adhesive.

[0015] In one embodiment, the battery assembly further includes a busbar limit seat and a busbar, wherein the busbar is used to connect the output poles of two adjacent single cells, and the busbar is installed on the busbar limit seat, and the busbar limit seat is located at the top of the thermal insulation and pressure relief structure and closes the top opening of the pressure relief channel.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, a temperature insulation layer is provided on one side of the busbar limiting seat facing the battery cell group and / or the heat insulation and pressure relief structure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0018] The battery pack shell of the present invention is provided with a heat-insulating pressure relief structure on the shell, so that the gas generated by thermal runaway can be relieved through the heat-insulating pressure relief structure. Specifically, when an abnormality occurs to a single cell in a certain accommodating cavity, the generated air pressure can open one of the first heat-insulating pressure relief part or the second heat-insulating pressure relief part, so that the gas enters the pressure relief channel and is discharged to the outside of the shell through the exhaust hole to achieve pressure relief. At the same time, the first heat-insulating pressure relief part or the second heat-insulating pressure relief part that has not been opened can also provide heat-insulating protection for the single cells on the adjacent accommodating cavity to avoid affecting the single cells on the adjacent accommodating cavity. In this way, it can not only prevent the explosion caused by thermal runaway, but also protect the single cells in the adjacent accommodating cavity, and then replace the existing scheme of mechanically protecting against thermal runaway through a high-strength battery shell, so as to reduce the weight of the battery shell, realize the lightweight design of the battery pack, and improve the grouping rate and energy density of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack housing in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack housing with an upper cover removed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat-insulating buffer assembly and a battery assembly in a battery pack in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery pack in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal insulation buffer component, single battery cell, thermal conductive adhesive and tab insulation sealing block in the battery pack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings.

[0026] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a battery pack shell 11 includes: a shell 100 and a thermal insulation and pressure relief structure 200, the shell 100 is provided with a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber; the thermal insulation and pressure relief structure 200 includes a first thermal insulation and pressure relief component 210 and a second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component 210 and the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 are respectively arranged between the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component 210 and the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 are relatively spaced apart to form a pressure relief channel 230; and an exhaust hole 121 is opened on the side wall of the shell 100, so that the pressure relief channel 230 is connected with the outside of the shell 100 through the exhaust hole 121.

[0027] It should be noted that the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber are respectively used to place battery cells, and the battery cell can be a battery cell group 300 composed of multiple single battery cells, or a single single battery cell. Specifically, when a single battery cell 310 in a certain accommodating chamber has a thermal runaway abnormality, the temperature will rise sharply, and the electrolyte will decompose a large amount of gas. Since the single battery cell 310 is in a sealed space, this will cause the pressure inside the accommodating chamber to continue to rise. In severe cases, there will be risks such as thermal runaway causing explosions and fires. At the same time, the single battery cells 310 or battery cell groups 300 in the remaining accommodating chambers will also be affected, causing a chain reaction caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack, that is, causing the entire battery pack 10 to have thermal runaway. Therefore, the present invention adds a heat-insulating pressure relief structure 200 to the battery pack shell 11 to relieve the pressure on the gas generated by thermal runaway and avoid the chain reaction of thermal runaway of the battery pack. For the sake of convenience, taking the thermal runaway abnormality of the single cell 310 in the first accommodating chamber as an example, when the single cell 310 in the first accommodating chamber has an abnormality, a large amount of gas will be released into the first accommodating chamber, causing the gas pressure in the first accommodating chamber to continue to rise. At this time, the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component 210 close to the first accommodating chamber will be opened, so that the generated high-temperature gas can enter the pressure relief channel 230 and be discharged to the outside of the shell 100 through the exhaust hole 121 to achieve pressure relief; at the same time, the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 that has not been opened can provide thermal insulation protection for the single cell 310 on the second accommodating chamber, thereby preventing the thermal runaway high temperature from affecting the single cell 310 in the second accommodating chamber. In this way, it is possible to prevent explosion problems caused by thermal runaway and improve the safety performance and service life of the battery, and at the same time, it is possible to protect the single cells 310 in other accommodating cavities in the battery pack 10 to avoid triggering a chain reaction of the entire battery. In addition, the battery pack shell 11 of the present invention achieves protection against thermal runaway by providing a heat-insulating pressure relief structure 200, thereby being able to replace the existing solution of achieving mechanical protection against thermal runaway through a high-strength battery pack shell. While taking thermal runaway into consideration, it is also possible to reduce the weight of the battery pack shell, thereby achieving a lightweight design of the battery pack 10 and improving the grouping rate and energy density of the battery pack 10. For example, the module grouping rate is increased from the traditional 50% to 60% to 80%. It should also be noted that, in the present invention, the description of "first" and "second" in the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity is only for the convenience of explanation, and the order and number of the accommodating cavities are not limited. The number of accommodating cavities on the shell 100 can be multiple, that is, it can be selected according to the actual design of the battery pack 10. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of accommodating cavities is set to four, and a thermal insulation and pressure relief structure 200 that is the same as the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component 210 and the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 is provided between each two adjacent accommodating cavities.

[0028] In one embodiment, in order to further realize the lightweight design of the battery pack shell 11, the main frame of the battery pack shell 11 can be made of aluminum alloy. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy is relatively good, so the heat in the battery pack 10 can be quickly dissipated. Furthermore, since the battery pack 10 will generate more heat during the rapid charging and discharging process at a high current density, and will generate high temperature when thermal runaway occurs, in order to avoid the high temperature from affecting the material properties of the battery pack shell 11, the material of the battery pack shell 11 needs to be a material with good high-temperature mechanical properties. For example, in the aluminum alloy series, A390 high-silicon hypereutectic aluminum alloy material can be selected. A390 high-silicon hypereutectic aluminum alloy material has many advantages such as high wear resistance, high heat resistance, high corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and low density, so that the battery pack shell 11 can still maintain good performance stability in a high temperature environment, and can further realize the lightweight design of the battery pack shell 11.

[0029] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the first heat-insulating pressure relief member 210 includes a first fixing plate 211 and a first heat-insulating pressure relief block 212. The first fixing plate 211 is disposed on the housing 100, and the first fixing plate 211 is located between the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber. A first pressure relief hole is provided on the side wall of the first fixing plate 211, and the first heat-insulating pressure relief block 212 is provided in the first pressure relief hole. That is, a first pressure relief hole is formed by a hollow structure on the side wall of the first fixing plate 211, and the first heat-insulating pressure relief block 212 is provided on the first pressure relief hole. In this way, when the single cell 310 in the first accommodating chamber undergoes thermal runaway, causing the air pressure in the first accommodating chamber to continue to rise, the first heat-insulating pressure relief block 212 will be broken by the air pressure, so that the high-temperature gas in the first accommodating chamber can enter the pressure relief channel 230 through the first pressure relief hole, and then be discharged to the outside of the housing 100 through the exhaust hole 121. It should also be noted that, in this embodiment, the first fixing plate 211 and the shell 100 can be integrally formed, eliminating the need for bolts, screws and other connecting structures, thereby ensuring the strength of the first fixing plate 211 and preventing the first fixing plate 211 from being directly washed off in a high-pressure environment. Further, in this embodiment, the first heat-insulating pressure relief block 212 is an aerogel heat-insulating pressure relief block, that is, aerogel is combined with the first fixing plate 211 and the first pressure relief hole on the first fixing plate 211 to form an aerogel pressure relief valve structure. Aerogel has an extremely low thermal conductivity, that is, it has excellent thermal insulation performance, and at the same time has the advantages of light weight, strong chemical stability, high temperature resistance and high elasticity. Therefore, it can not only adapt to the complex environment of the battery pack 10, but also play a role in heat insulation, reducing the mutual influence of the single cells 310 in the adjacent accommodating cavities. In this embodiment, the structure of the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 is the same as that of the first thermal insulation and pressure relief component 210, that is, the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 also includes a second fixed plate and a second thermal insulation and pressure relief block, and the second thermal insulation and pressure relief block also uses aerogel. For example, when a thermal runaway abnormality occurs in the single cell 310 in the first accommodating cavity, the second thermal insulation and pressure relief component 220 can be used to provide thermal insulation protection for the single cell 310 in the second accommodating cavity.

[0030] In one embodiment, in order to further improve the heat insulation effect and further reduce the heat transfer to the single battery cell 310 in the adjacent accommodating cavity, a heat insulation layer is added to the outer surface of the first fixed plate 211 of the first heat insulation and pressure relief member 210 and the outer surface of the second fixed plate on the second heat insulation and pressure relief member 220. For example, an aerogel heat insulation layer is provided on the side surface of the first fixed plate 211 facing the pressure relief channel 230, while no heat insulation layer is provided on the side surface of the first fixed plate 211 in contact with the single battery cell 310. In this way, it can not only play a heat insulation protection role, but also the heat of the single battery cell 310 can be further quickly dissipated through the first fixed plate 211; similarly, an aerogel heat insulation layer is provided on the side surface of the second fixed plate facing the pressure relief channel 230, while no heat insulation layer is provided on the side surface of the second fixed plate in contact with the single battery cell 310. In this way, it can not only play a heat insulation protection role, but also the heat of the single battery cell 310 can be further quickly dissipated through the second fixed plate.

[0031] In one embodiment, the heat-insulating pressure relief structure 200 further includes a first side pressure relief component 240 and a second side pressure relief component 250 , and the first side pressure relief component 240 and the second side pressure relief component 250 are respectively disposed on two sides of the shell 100 .

[0032] It should be noted that in order to further improve the pressure relief efficiency and reduce the risk of explosion caused by thermal runaway, a first side pressure relief member 240 and a second side pressure relief member 250 are further added on both sides of the shell 100. Specifically, taking the case where there are two accommodating chambers as an example, the first side pressure relief member 240 and the first thermal insulation pressure relief member 210 are arranged on both sides of the first accommodating chamber, and the second side pressure relief member 250 and the second thermal insulation pressure relief member 220 are arranged on both sides of the second accommodating chamber. This means that a thermal insulation pressure relief structure is arranged on both sides of each accommodating chamber. Then, no matter which position the pressure rises rapidly, rapid pressure relief can be achieved, so that the gas can be discharged more smoothly, avoiding the accumulation of gas inside the battery pack 10 and the formation of a high-pressure environment, thereby helping to release the pressure at the early stage of thermal runaway. Similarly, when there are four accommodating chambers, a thermal insulation pressure relief structure is arranged on both sides of each accommodating chamber. Preferably, the structure of the first side pressure relief member 240 and the structure of the second side pressure relief member 250 are respectively the same as the structure of the first thermal insulation pressure relief member 210, that is, the first side pressure relief member 240 includes a first side fixing plate and a first side thermal insulation pressure relief block, the first side thermal insulation pressure relief block is arranged on the first side pressure relief hole of the first side fixing plate, and the first side thermal insulation pressure relief block is aerogel; the second side pressure relief member 250 includes a second side fixing plate and a second side thermal insulation pressure relief block, the second side thermal insulation pressure relief block is arranged on the second side pressure relief hole of the second side fixing plate, and the second side thermal insulation pressure relief block is aerogel.

[0033] It should also be noted that in order to facilitate the assembly of the battery cell group 300 and the corresponding battery components into the battery pack shell 11, in one embodiment, the shell 100 includes an upper cover 110, a middle frame 120 and a lower cover 130, wherein the upper cover 110 and the lower cover 130 can be detachably arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle frame 120, respectively, and the heat insulation and pressure relief structure 200 is arranged on the middle frame 120. After the assembly is completed, the upper and lower openings of the middle frame 120 are closed by the upper cover 110 and the lower cover 130.

[0034] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a battery pack 10 includes the above-mentioned battery pack shell 11 and battery assembly 12, the battery assembly 12 includes at least two groups of battery cell groups 300, the two groups of battery cell groups 300 are respectively accommodated in a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity, the battery cell group 300 includes at least two single battery cells 310 stacked in sequence, and the explosion-proof structure of the single battery cell 310 is opposite to the pressure relief hole of the thermal insulation and pressure relief structure 200.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, two accommodating chambers are provided as an example, so correspondingly, two groups of battery cell groups 300 are provided as an example, and after the two groups of battery cell groups 300 are placed in the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber respectively, the gas generated by thermal runaway is depressurized through the heat insulation pressure relief structure 200, and a chain reaction caused by thermal runaway is avoided, so as to improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack 10;

[0036] It should also be noted that the explosion-proof structure on the single cell 310 refers to the weak point on the single cell 310, for example, the side edge of the single cell 310 is a weak point, especially for the soft-pack cell. When the single cell 310 has a thermal runaway abnormality, the gas inside the single cell 310 will first break through the weak point and release outward, so the edge weak point is often the area where the pressure rises first. In order to quickly respond and release the air pressure in the accommodating cavity, the first thermal insulation pressure relief component 210 and the second thermal insulation pressure relief component 220 are respectively located on the side of the single cell 310, so that the explosion-proof structure of the single cell 310 is opposite to the pressure relief hole of the thermal insulation pressure relief structure 200. Specifically, taking the first thermal insulation pressure relief component 210 as an example, in one embodiment, the first fixing plate 211 is located on the side of the single cell 310, and the first pressure relief hole is located near the side edge of the single cell 310. In this way, when a single cell 310 has a thermal runaway anomaly, the pressure at the weak point of the side edge increases rapidly, and can break through the first thermal insulation pressure relief block 212 in time to quickly release the gas in the accommodating cavity, improve the pressure relief efficiency, effectively prevent the battery pack 10 from exploding due to excessive pressure, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway. Furthermore, when a battery cell group 300 is placed in each accommodating cavity, a plurality of first pressure relief holes can be provided on the same first fixing plate 211, and each first pressure relief hole corresponds to a weak area on the side of each single cell 310. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the first pressure relief hole is in the shape of a long strip, and preferably, the length of the first pressure relief hole is greater than or equal to the height of the single cell 310, so as to ensure that the first pressure relief hole can correspond to the weak area on the side of the single cell 310 to the maximum extent, thereby improving the pressure relief efficiency.

[0037] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the battery pack 10 further includes a heat-insulating buffer component 13 , and the heat-insulating buffer component 13 is disposed between two adjacent single battery cells 310 .

[0038] It should be noted that in order to further improve the overall safety performance and cycle performance of the battery pack 10 , it is necessary to further provide a heat insulating buffer component 13 between every two single battery cells 310 , so as to achieve the function of isolation and heat dissipation.

[0039] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the heat insulation buffer assembly 13 includes two heat dissipation buffer plates 400 and a heat insulation plate 500, wherein the heat insulation plate 500 is located between the two heat dissipation buffer plates 400; the two heat dissipation buffer plates 400 are away from one side of the heat insulation plate 500, and respectively abut against one side of two adjacent single battery cells 310. That is, the heat dissipation buffer plate 400 is arranged on the large surface of the single battery cell 310, and the heat dissipation buffer plate 400 plays the role of heat dissipation and buffering for the single battery cell 310; wherein, the buffering role refers to providing a buffering "breathing" space for the single battery cell 310, because in some batteries, such as metal lithium batteries and silicon oxygen negative electrode batteries, the volume or size of the single battery cell 310 will increase or change significantly under the conditions of charging and discharging, that is, the expansion change rate of the single battery cell 310 is high, so it is necessary to provide it with a buffering "breathing" space to avoid compression and damage between adjacent single battery cells 310, thereby It can improve the safety and cycle life of the battery pack 10; the heat dissipation effect is to enable the heat of the single battery cell 310 to be quickly transferred to the battery pack shell 11, so as to further improve the heat dissipation effect of the single battery cell 310 to ensure the performance of the battery pack 10, while further improving the safety and avoiding thermal runaway problems caused by the battery pack 10 under high temperature conditions; thermal conductive layer In this embodiment, the heat dissipation buffer plate 400 includes a buffer layer and a thermal conductive layer, the thermal conductive layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the buffer layer, and the thermal conductive layer is thermally connected to the shell, so that the heat of the single battery cell 310 can be quickly transferred to the shell 100. Among them, the buffer layer can be a high-temperature resistant foam layer or a high-temperature resistant silicone layer, and the thermal conductive layer can be a common thermal conductive coating or graphene. Preferably, the heat dissipation buffer plate 400 includes a foam layer and a graphene thermal conductive layer, and the graphene thermal conductive layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the foam layer. Among them, the foam material is lighter, which can further reduce the overall weight of the battery pack 10, improve the grouping rate and energy density of the battery pack 10, and realize a lightweight design. The graphene thermal conductive layer can be a graphene heat dissipation sticker. Through the graphene heat dissipation sticker, the heat of the single battery cell 310 can be quickly transferred to the battery pack shell 11. The purpose of providing the heat insulation board 500 is to separate two adjacent single battery cells 310 to prevent heat from being transferred to the adjacent single battery cells 310. For example, the heat insulation board 500 may be an epoxy resin heat insulation board or an aerogel heat insulation pad. Preferably, the heat insulation board 500 is an aerogel heat insulation pad. Since aerogel has excellent heat insulation performance and is ultra-light, it is more conducive to the lightweight design of the battery pack 10, so as to improve the grouping rate and energy density of the battery pack 10. For example, the aerogel is a ceramic fiber aerogel with a thickness of 2 mm, and the heat insulation temperature that can be achieved is 440°C.

[0040] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, a thermally conductive adhesive 600 is provided on one side of the battery cell group 300 close to the shell 100, and the thermally conductive layer is connected to the thermally conductive adhesive 600. By providing the thermally conductive adhesive 600 at the bottom of the battery cell group 300, the generated heat can be evenly transferred to the lower cover 130 of the battery pack shell 11, and then the battery pack shell 11 can achieve rapid heat dissipation, so as to further improve the safety of the battery pack 10 and reduce the risk of thermal runaway caused by high temperature. Among them, the thermally conductive adhesive 600 is provided at the bottom of the battery cell group 300 by potting, so that it can not only play a role in heat dissipation, but also play a role in sealing.

[0041] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the lug end of each of the single battery cells 310 is wrapped with a lug insulation sealing block 311. The lug insulation sealing block 311 is provided with a lug avoidance hole, so that the connection part of the lug can extend to the outside through the lug avoidance hole, so as to form a connection with other components. For example, the lug insulation sealing block 311 can be made of a plastic material with better thermal insulation performance, such as epoxy resin insulation glue or polyurethane insulation glue. Preferably, the lug insulation sealing block 311 is made of polyurethane potting glue, which is poured into the lug end of the single battery cell 310 in a potting manner, so as to provide insulation and sealing protection for the lug end of the single battery cell 310.

[0042] See also Figure 4As shown, the battery assembly 12 also includes a busbar limiter 700 and a busbar 800. The busbar 800 is used to connect the output poles of two adjacent single cells 310. The busbar 800 is installed on the busbar limiter 700. The busbar limiter 700 is located on the top of the heat insulation pressure relief structure 200 and closes the top opening of the pressure relief channel. Specifically, a limit groove is provided on the busbar limiter 700, and the limit groove is used to limit the busbar 800. A tab avoidance hole is provided on the limit groove, and the tabs of the single cells 310 pass through the tab avoidance hole to connect with the busbar. The busbar stopper 700 is made of plastic material to play an insulating role. For example, the busbar stopper 700 can be made of PP material or FR-4 material. PP material is polypropylene, which has high strength and rigidity, and has the advantage of good heat resistance, so it can ensure the service life of the busbar stopper 700. The FR-4 material is mainly made of glass fiber cloth as a reinforcing material, and is infiltrated with materials such as epoxy phenolic resin, and has high strength and flame retardancy. Therefore, whether it is PP material or FP-4 material, it can ensure the service life of the busbar stopper 700, thereby improving the service life of the battery pack. At the same time, PP material or FP-4 material is light in weight, so it can further reduce the weight of the battery pack and realize lightweight design; in this embodiment, a heat-insulating layer is provided on one side of the busbar stopper 700 facing the battery cell group and / or the heat-insulating pressure relief structure 200, for example, the heat-insulating layer is a heat-insulating coating, such as a zinc-aluminum coating, which is provided on the busbar stopper 700 by spraying; preferably, the thickness of the zinc-aluminum coating is 30 μm, and the heat-insulating temperature that can be reached can reach 500°C; in this way, it can prevent the high-temperature gas of thermal runaway from erupting upward to affect the busbar 800, and further affect the electrical connection between the single battery cells 310. In this way, the safety of the battery can be further improved, and the battery performance and service life can be improved.

[0043] It should also be noted that the top of the pressure relief channel formed by the relative spacing between the first heat-insulating pressure relief component and the second heat-insulating pressure relief component needs to be sealed, so after the battery pack is packaged, the top of the heat-insulating pressure relief structure 200 is pressed by the busbar limiter 700 therein, that is, the top of the first heat-insulating pressure relief component and the second heat-insulating pressure relief component are covered by the busbar limiter 700, so that the top opening of the pressure relief channel can be closed by the busbar limiter 700. In another embodiment, a sealing cover is provided on the top of the pressure relief channel, that is, the sealing cover is respectively abutted against the top of the first heat-insulating pressure relief component and the second heat-insulating pressure relief component to close the top opening of the pressure relief channel. For example, when the battery pack shell is processed, the sealing cover can be integrally formed with the first fixing plate in the first heat-insulating pressure relief component and the second fixing plate in the second heat-insulating pressure relief component.

[0044] See also Figure 4As shown, the battery assembly 12 further includes a support block 900 , which is located between the upper cover 110 of the housing 100 and the busbar limit seat 700 , and the support block 900 reserves space for the battery wiring and the like.

[0045] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack housing, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein the housing is provided with a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity; and A heat-insulating pressure-relieving structure, the heat-insulating pressure-relieving structure comprising a first heat-insulating pressure-relieving component and a second heat-insulating pressure-relieving component, the first heat-insulating pressure-relieving component and the second heat-insulating pressure-relieving component are respectively arranged between the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, the first heat-insulating pressure-relieving component and the second heat-insulating pressure-relieving component are relatively spaced apart to form a pressure-relieving channel; A vent hole is provided on the side wall of the shell, so that the pressure relief channel is communicated with the outside of the shell through the vent hole.

2. The battery pack housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first thermal insulation and pressure relief component includes a first fixed plate and a first thermal insulation and pressure relief block. The first fixed plate is arranged on the shell, and the first fixed plate is located between the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity. A first pressure relief hole is opened on the side wall of the first fixed plate, and the first thermal insulation and pressure relief block is arranged in the first pressure relief hole.

3. The battery pack housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first thermal insulation and pressure relief block is an aerogel thermal insulation and pressure relief block.

4. The battery pack housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The heat-insulating pressure relief structure further includes a first side pressure relief component and a second side pressure relief component, and the first side pressure relief component and the second side pressure relief component are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell.

5. A battery pack, characterized in that: A battery pack shell comprising the battery pack shell of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a battery assembly, wherein the battery assembly comprises at least two groups of battery cell groups, the two groups of battery cell groups are respectively accommodated in the first accommodation cavity and the second accommodation cavity, the battery cell group comprises at least two single battery cells stacked in sequence, and the explosion-proof structure of the single battery cell is opposite to the pressure relief hole of the heat insulation and pressure relief structure.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a heat insulation buffer component, which is arranged between two adjacent single battery cells.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat insulation buffer assembly includes two heat dissipation buffer plates and a heat insulation plate, wherein the heat insulation plate is located between the two heat dissipation buffer plates; a side surface of the two heat dissipation buffer plates away from the heat insulation plate respectively abuts against a side surface of two adjacent single cells.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat dissipation buffer plate comprises a buffer layer and a heat conducting layer. The heat conducting layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the buffer layer, and the heat conducting layer is thermally connected to the shell.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: A heat-conducting adhesive is arranged on one side of the battery core group close to the shell, and the heat-conducting layer is connected to the heat-conducting adhesive.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: The battery assembly also includes a busbar limit seat and a busbar, wherein the busbar is used to connect the output poles of two adjacent single cells, and the busbar is installed on the busbar limit seat, and the busbar limit seat is located at the top of the thermal insulation and pressure relief structure and closes the top opening of the pressure relief channel.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that: A temperature insulation layer is arranged on one side of the busbar limiting seat facing the battery cell group and / or the heat insulation and pressure relief structure.

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