Electric heating glass and vehicle window assembly

Abstract

The invention provides electric heating glass and a vehicle window assembly. The electric heating glass comprises laminated glass and a heating element, and the laminated glass is provided with a sensor visual field area and a windscreen wiper stop area. The heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element in a sensor view area is 450 W / m < 2 > to 1800 W / m < 2 >, the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element in a windscreen wiper staying area is 450 W / m < 2 > to 1800 W / m < 2 >, and the diameter of the first sub-heating element is not equal to that of the second sub-heating element. According to the electric heating glass and the vehicle window assembly provided by the invention, the heating element is used for quickly removing fog, frost, snow and ice; the diameter and the heating power density of the heating element are limited, so that the heating precision and the energy utilization rate are improved; in addition, the sensor view area and the windscreen wiper staying area can be independently heated or heated at the same time, the heating requirements of different scenes are met, and the heating effect of the electric heating glass is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of glass technology, and specifically relates to electrically heated glass and a vehicle window assembly. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the heat generated by the vehicle engine can be used to dissolve the frost, snow, ice, etc. in the wiper stop area, and the air conditioning can be used to relieve the fogging phenomenon in the sensor field of view. However, these heating methods have a slow heating speed for defrosting and heating accuracy. In addition, during the heating process, excessively high temperatures can easily burn the driver, reducing driving safety and energy efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the first aspect of the present application provides an electrically heated glass, the electrically heated glass comprising a laminated glass and a heating element, the laminated glass having a sensor viewing area and a wiper stop area, the heating element being arranged in the sensor viewing area and / or the wiper stop area;

[0004] The heating element is a linear heating element, the linear heating element is a metal wire or a carbon fiber wire, and the diameter of the heating element is 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm;

[0005] The heating element comprises a first sub-heating element and a second sub-heating element. When a working voltage of 40V to 52V is applied to the heating element, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element in the sensor field of view is 450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 The heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element in the wiper stop area is 450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , the diameter of the first sub-heating element is not equal to the diameter of the second sub-heating element.

[0006] Wherein, the diameter of the first sub-heating element is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and the diameter of the second sub-heating element is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0007] Wherein, a diameter of the first sub-heating element is smaller than a diameter of the second sub-heating element.

[0008] Among them, the length of the first sub-heating element is L1, the length of the second sub-heating element is L2, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 to L2 is a, a≥21%, or 25%≤a≤90%, or 30%≤a≤80%, or 35%≤a≤75%.

[0009] Wherein, the ratio between the diameter of the first sub-heating element and the diameter of the second sub-heating element is 0.1-0.8, or 0.2-0.6.

[0010] The laminated glass has a shielding area and a light-transmitting area, the visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area is greater than or equal to 70%, the visible light transmittance of the shielding area is less than or equal to 10%, and the shielding area includes a bottom shielding area below the light-transmitting area, a left shielding area on the left side of the light-transmitting area, a top shielding area above the light-transmitting area, and a right shielding area on the right side of the light-transmitting area.

[0011] The sensor field of view is located below the top shielding area or within the top shielding area.

[0012] Wherein, the wiper staying area is located in the bottom shielding area, or in the left shielding area, or in the right shielding area.

[0013] The first sub-heating element includes a first field of view heating segment that extends through the field of view of the sensor multiple times and a first shielding heating segment located in the shielding area. The first field of view heating segment is electrically connected to at least two electrodes through the first shielding heating segment. The heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating segment in the field of view of the sensor is 500W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

[0014] Wherein, the ratio of the total length of the first shielding heating section to the length of the first viewing field heating section is 2-10.

[0015] The second sub-heating element includes a second wiper heating segment that extends through the wiper stop area multiple times and a second shielding heating segment located in the shielding area, the second wiper heating segment is electrically connected to at least two electrodes through the second shielding heating segment, and the heating power density E2 of the second wiper heating segment in the wiper stop area is 600W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , or 800W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

[0016] Wherein, the ratio of the length of the second wiper heating section to the total length of the second shielding heating section is 5-200.

[0017] Wherein, a portion of the second shielding and heating section is located in the left shielding area and / or the right shielding area.

[0018] The heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element in the sensor field of view and the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element in the wiper stop area satisfy: 0.8≤E1 / E2≤1.2, or 0.9≤E1 / E2≤1.1.

[0019] Wherein, the linear heating element is the metal wire, and the metal wire is selected from at least one of copper wire, tungsten wire or enameled wire.

[0020] Among them, the electrically heated glass also includes an insulation layer, and the total solar transmittance TTS of the electrically heated glass with the insulation layer is less than or equal to 55%, and the insulation layer is selected from at least one of a single silver nano-coating, a double silver nano-coating, a triple silver nano-coating, a quadruple silver nano-coating, an ITO nano-coating, a FTO nano-coating, and an infrared blocking micro-coating.

[0021] The electrically heated glass further comprises an electric heating element and at least two busbars, wherein the electric heating element at least covers the light-transmitting area, the busbars are electrically connected to the electric heating element, and the electric heating element can make the light-transmitting area have a power of at least 400W / m 2 The heating power density.

[0022] A second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle window assembly, which is applied to a vehicle. The vehicle window assembly includes a sensor, a wiper, and an electrically heated glass as provided in the first aspect of the present application. The sensor is located inside the vehicle and faces the sensor field of view, and the wiper is located outside the vehicle and can stay in the wiper stay area.

[0023] The electrically heated glass and window assembly provided by the present application utilizes heating elements to achieve rapid defog, defrost, snow removal and ice removal; at the same time, the present application also limits the diameter and length of the heating elements, which is beneficial to reduce the interference of the heating elements on sensors, especially high-definition cameras, and avoids the heating elements being too short to cover the wiper stay area; and the present application can also improve the heating accuracy and energy utilization rate, control the heating temperature within an appropriate range, and help reduce the energy loss of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the implementation modes of the present application, the drawings required for use in the implementation modes of the present application will be described below.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic top view of the electrically heated glass provided in this application.

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic top view of another embodiment of the electrically heated glass provided in the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of an embodiment of the present application in which a first sub-heating element and a second sub-heating element are provided at the same time.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of another embodiment of the present application in which the first sub-heating element and the second sub-heating element are arranged simultaneously.

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of another two embodiments of the present application in which the first sub-heating element and the second sub-heating element are arranged at the same time.

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode in one embodiment provided in the present application.

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electrically heated glass provided in this application.

[0032] Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first sub-heating element provided in the present application being located in a laminated glass.

[0033] Fig. 9 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second sub-heating element provided in the present application being located in a laminated glass.

[0034] Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electrically heated glass with a heat insulation layer provided in the present application.

[0035] Fig.11 A schematic cross-sectional view of an electrically heated glass with an electric heating element provided in the present application.

[0036] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle window assembly provided in this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals: electrically heated glass 1, sensor 2, wiper 3, laminated glass 10, light transmission area 101, shielding area 102, bottom shielding area 1021, left shielding area 1022, top shielding area 1023, right shielding area 1024, sensor field of view 103, wiper stop area 104, first glass plate 11, first surface 111, second surface 112, adhesive layer 12, second glass plate 13, third surface 131, fourth surface 132, shielding layer 14, heat insulation layer 15, electric heating element 16, busbar 17, heating element 20, first sub Heating element 21, first field of view heating segment 211, first lateral segment 2111, first vertical segment 2112, first shielding heating segment 212, first top shielding segment 2121, first side shielding segment 2122, first bottom shielding segment 2123, second sub-heating element 22, second wiper heating segment 221, second lateral segment 2211, second vertical segment 2212, second shielding heating segment 222, second bottom shielding segment 2221, second side shielding segment 2222, electrode 23, first electrode 231, second electrode 232, third electrode 233. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following are preferred implementations of the present application. It should be noted that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified or there is a contradiction, the terms and phrases used in this application have the following meanings:

[0040] In this application, "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0041] In this application, "one or several" refers to any one, any two or more of the listed items. Among them, "several" refers to any two or more of the listed items.

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present application provides an electrically heated glass 1, which includes a laminated glass 10 and a heating element 20, wherein the laminated glass 10 has a sensor field of view 103 and a wiper stop area 104, and the heating element 20 is arranged in the sensor field of view 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104.

[0043] The heating element 20 is a linear heating element, which is a metal wire or a carbon fiber wire. The diameter of the heating element 20 is 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0044] The heating element 20 includes a first sub-heating element 21 and a second sub-heating element 22. When a working voltage of 40V to 52V is applied to the heating element 20, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element 21 in the sensor field of view 103 is 450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 The heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22 in the wiper stop area 104 is 450 W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is not equal to the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22.

[0045] In the present application, the sensor field of view 103 is the area where the detection signal emitted and / or received by the sensor passes through the laminated glass 10. A plurality of sensors are installed inside the vehicle. The sensors are installed on the surface of the laminated glass 10 close to the interior of the vehicle using corresponding fixed brackets. The sensors face the sensor field of view 103 of the laminated glass 10. The detection signal emitted and / or received by the sensor passes through the sensor field of view 103 of the laminated glass 10 to collect the external environment data of the vehicle. The sensors can be specifically exemplified by visible light cameras, near-infrared cameras, thermal imagers, laser radars, gesture detection sensors, etc., to better realize the intelligence and safety performance of the vehicle. The wiper stop area 104 refers to the area where the wipers of the vehicle stop working.

[0046] The heating element 20 described in the present application can be heated when powered on to achieve defog, defrost, snow removal, ice removal, etc. of the sensor field of view 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104, thereby avoiding interference of fog, frost, snow and ice on the sensor's detection signal, thereby ensuring that the sensor can operate normally with high precision in various driving environments, further improving the vehicle's intelligence, automation and safety performance.

[0047] Among them, the heating element 20 is a linear heating element, and the linear heating element can be exemplified by a metal wire or a carbon fiber wire, etc., which is conducive to reducing the interference or blocking of the detection signal by the heating element 20. Specifically, when the heating element 20 is a metal wire, the metal wire is selected from at least one of copper wire, tungsten wire or enameled wire, and the inner layer material of the enameled wire can be one or more of conductor materials such as copper wire, aluminum wire, copper alloy wire, etc., and the outer layer material of the enameled wire can be one or more of insulating materials such as polyurethane and polyimide. The diameter of the heating element 20 is 0.05mm~0.5mm, and specifically can be exemplified by 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, etc. Preferably, the diameter of the heating element 20 is 0.1mm~0.4mm, and more preferably, the diameter of the heating element 20 is 0.2mm~0.3mm.

[0048] The working voltage of the heating element 20 described in the present application is 40V~52V, and specific examples include 40V, 42V, 45V, 48V, 50V, 52V, etc. Compared with the traditional 12V~16V low-voltage electric heating glass, the working current at the same power is greatly reduced, which greatly reduces the overall power loss, thereby achieving precise heating, greatly improving the energy utilization rate, and thus reducing the energy loss of the whole vehicle; at the same time, the quality requirements for the heating element 20 are lower and the compatibility is higher, which is conducive to reducing the procurement cost of the heating element 20, and also helps to reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process of the electric heating glass 1; and the working voltage of 40V~52V is lower than the 60V safety voltage, and no additional voltage protection is required. The working voltage of 40V~52V is particularly suitable for new energy vehicles.

[0049] The heating element 20 includes a first sub-heating element 21 and a second sub-heating element 22. The first sub-heating element 21 is used for heating to achieve defogging, defrosting, snow removal, ice removal, etc. of at least the sensor field of view 103, and the second sub-heating element 22 is used for heating to achieve defogging, defrosting, snow removal, ice removal, etc. of the wiper stop area 104. At least part of the first sub-heating element 21 is arranged in the sensor field of view 103, and at least part of the second sub-heating element 22 is arranged in the wiper stop area 104.

[0050] When the first sub-heating element 21 heats, that is, when the first sub-heating element 21 heats the sensor viewing area 103, the first sub-heating element 21 has a heating power density E1 in the sensor viewing area 103, and the heating power density E1 is 450 W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2When the second sub-heating element 22 heats, that is, when the second sub-heating element 22 heats the wiper stop area 104, the second sub-heating element 22 has a heating power density E2 in the wiper stop area 104, and the heating power density E2 is 450 W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 Specific examples of E1 and E2 are 450W / m 2 、525W / m 2 、550W / m 2 、575W / m 2 、600W / m 2 、625W / m 2 、650W / m 2 、675W / m 2 , 700W / m 2 、725W / m 2 、750W / m 2 、800W / m 2 、825W / m 2 、850W / m 2 , 900W / m 2 、950W / m 2 , 1000W / m 2 、1050W / m 2 、1100W / m 2 、1150W / m 2 , 1200W / m 2 、1300W / m 2 , 1400W / m 2 、1500W / m 2 、1600W / m 2 、1700W / m 2 、1800W / m 2 Preferably, the heating power density E1 and the heating power density E2 are 500W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 , which can not only achieve rapid defog, defrost, snow and ice removal, improve heating accuracy and energy utilization, but also control the heating temperature within an appropriate range, reducing the risk of scalding the driver and improving driving safety.

[0051] By limiting the first sub-heating element 21 to have a heating power density E1 and the second sub-heating element 22 to have a heating power density E2, the defogger, defrost, snow and ice removal problems of the sensor field of view 103 and the wiper stop area 104 are achieved, meeting the normal working requirements of the sensor and wiper in cold weather, saving energy and improving energy utilization.

[0052] For example, when the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 work together, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element 21 is equal to the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22, or; the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element 21 is not equal to the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22.

[0053] The diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is not equal to the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22. For example, the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is greater than the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22. For another example, the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is smaller than the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22. The present application adopts the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 with different diameters, so that the heating element 20 can meet the different heating power density requirements of the sensor field of view 103 and the wiper stop area 104, thereby improving energy utilization; it can also cooperate with the different temperature control requirements of the sensor field of view 103 and the wiper stop area 104 to achieve more precise temperature regulation; it can also adapt to different applications and environments according to the specific needs of defogger, defrost, snow removal and ice removal, and can meet the diverse needs of users and improve the user experience.

[0054] Specifically, the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is 0.05mm-0.2mm, and specifically, 0.05mm, 0.075mm, 0.1mm, 0.125mm, 0.15mm, 0.175mm, 0.2mm, etc. Preferably, the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is 0.075mm-0.175mm, and more preferably, the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is 0.1mm-0.15mm. The diameter of the second sub-heating element 22 is 0.1mm-0.5mm, and specifically, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, etc. Preferably, the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22 is 0.2mm-0.4mm, and more preferably, the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22 is 0.25mm-0.35mm.

[0055] The diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 is smaller than the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22. The ratio between the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 and the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22 is 0.1 to 0.8, or 0.2 to 0.6, and specifically, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, etc. Preferably, the ratio between the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 and the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22 is 0.2 to 0.6; more preferably, the ratio between the diameter of the first sub-heating element 21 and the diameter of the second sub-heating element 22 is 0.3 to 0.5.

[0056] Furthermore, the length of the first sub-heating element 21 is L1, the length of the second sub-heating element 22 is L2, and the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 to L2 is a, and a≥10%. Specific examples include 10%, 11%, 15%, 20%, 21%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, etc. Preferably, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 accounts for a ratio of L2 a≥21%; more preferably, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 accounts for a ratio of L2 a of 25%≤a≤90%; further preferably, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 accounts for a ratio of L2 a of 30%≤a≤80%; further preferably, the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 accounts for a ratio of L2 a of 35%≤a≤75%. By limiting the deviation between L1 and L2 to be greater than or equal to 21%, the heating element 20 is adapted to the heating power density requirements and temperature control requirements of the sensor field of view 103 and the wiper stop area 104, so as to better adapt to different applications and environments, meet the diverse needs of users, and improve the user experience.

[0057] The length L1 of the first sub-heating element 21 is 2m to 60m, specifically 2m, 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, 50m, 60m, etc. The length L2 of the second sub-heating element 22 is 3m to 150m, specifically 3m, 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, 50m, 60m, 70m, 80m, 90m, 100m, 150m, etc.

[0058] Usually, in most usage scenarios, the sensor field of view 103 mainly has the problem of sensor defog, and only in a small number of usage scenarios does it need defrosting, snowing and ice removal. The wiper stop area 104 mainly has the problem of needing defrosting, snowing and ice removal, and only in a small number of usage scenarios does it need defog. Therefore, the heating effect requirement for the first sub-heating element 21 is lower than the heating effect requirement for the second sub-heating element 22. The present application limits the diameter and length of the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 so that the heating element 20 is adapted to the heating power density requirements and temperature control requirements of the sensor field of view 103 and the wiper stop area 104, thereby better adapting to different applications and environments, meeting the diverse needs of users, and improving the user experience.

[0059] In summary, the electrically heated glass 1 provided in the present application utilizes the heating element 20 to achieve rapid defog, defrost, snow removal and ice removal; at the same time, the present application also limits the diameter and heating power density of the heating element 20, thereby improving the heating accuracy and energy utilization rate, and controlling the heating temperature within an appropriate range, which is beneficial to reducing the energy loss of the entire vehicle; and, the present application can also achieve independent heating or simultaneous heating of the sensor field of view area 103 and the wiper stop area 104, thereby meeting the heating requirements of different scenarios and improving the heating effect of the electrically heated glass 1.

[0060] The laminated glass 10 has a shielding area 102 and a light-transmitting area 101, the visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area 101 is greater than or equal to 70%, and the visible light transmittance of the shielding area 102 is less than or equal to 10%, and the shielding area 102 includes a bottom shielding area 1021 located below the light-transmitting area 101, a left shielding area 1022 located on the left side of the light-transmitting area 101, a top shielding area 1023 located above the light-transmitting area 101, and a right shielding area 1024 located on the right side of the light-transmitting area.

[0061] The shielding area 102 is arranged around the light-transmitting area 101, and the visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area 101 is greater than or equal to 70%, so that the occupants can observe the environment outside the vehicle through the light-transmitting area 101. The sensor field of view 103 is located in the light-transmitting area 101. The visible light transmittance of the shielding area 102 is less than or equal to 10%, so that it is conducive to shielding, protecting and improving the overall aesthetics. The wiper stop area 104 is located in the shielding area 102.

[0062] The laminated glass 10 is preferably used as a front windshield of a vehicle, but is not limited thereto. The laminated glass 10 can also be used as a panoramic glass or a rear windshield, thereby providing more application scenarios. It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the height of the laminated glass 10 is greater than the width of the laminated glass 10, thereby meeting the use requirements of a large front windshield or even a panoramic glass.

[0063] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the shielding area 102 of the present application includes a bottom shielding area 1021 located below the light-transmitting area 101, a left shielding area 1022 located on the left side of the light-transmitting area 101, a top shielding area 1023 located above the light-transmitting area 101, and a right shielding area 1024 located on the right side of the light-transmitting area 101. The sensor field of view 103 is located below the top shielding area 1023, and part of the boundary of the sensor field of view 103 is surrounded by the top shielding area 1023. Figure 1 It is shown that three boundaries of the sensor field of view 103 are surrounded by the top shielding area 1023. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the sensor field of view 103 is located in the top shielding area 1023, that is, all boundaries of the sensor field of view 103 are surrounded by the top shielding area 1023. The wiper stop area 104 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the wiper stop area 104 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021. In another embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the wiper stop area 104 is located in the left shielding area 1022. It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the wiper stop area 104 is located in the right shielding area 1024.

[0065] Specifically, the first sub-heating element 21 includes a first field of view heating segment 211 extending through the sensor field of view 103 for multiple times, and a first shielding heating segment 212 located in the shielding area 102. The first field of view heating segment 211 is electrically connected to at least two electrodes 23 through the first shielding heating segment 212. The heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating segment 211 in the sensor field of view 103 is 500 W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

[0066] The first shielding heating section 212 is electrically connected to the first field of view heating section 211, and is electrically connected to two electrodes 23. At least two electrodes 23 are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply, respectively, and the current of the power supply is input into the first sub-heating element 21 through at least two electrodes 23, so that the first field of view heating section 211 and the first shielding heating section 212 are heated. The first field of view heating section 211 is heated to defog, defrost, remove snow, and remove ice from the sensor field of view 103, which is beneficial to ensure that the sensor can work normally with high precision in various driving environments. The first shielding heating section 212 is heated to defrost, remove snow, and remove ice from the shielding area 102, which is beneficial to ensure that the wiper is not disturbed by frost, snow, and ice when it runs to the shielding area 102 during operation, and is even beneficial to cooperate with the wiper to remove frost, snow, and ice in the shielding area 102 more quickly. At the same time, the first shielding heating section 212 is used to adjust the heating power density of the first field of view heating section 211, so that the heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating section 211 in the sensor field of view 103 is 500W / m 2 ~1000W / m 2 In addition, the first shielding heating section 212 is disposed in the shielding area 102 to reduce the interference of the heating element 20 on the light-transmitting area 101 and prevent the heating element 20 from blocking the driver's field of vision, which is conducive to hiding part of the heating element 20 in the shielding area 102 and improving the aesthetic performance of the electrically heated glass 1.

[0067] The heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating section 211 in the sensor field of view 103 is 500 W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 , a specific example is 500W / m 2 、550W / m 2 、600W / m 2 、650W / m 2 , 700W / m 2 、750W / m 2 、775W / m 2 、800W / m 2 、825W / m 2 、850W / m 2 , 900W / m 2 、950W / m 2 , 1000W / m 2 、1050W / m 2 、1100W / m 2 , 1200W / m 2 、1300W / m 2 , 1400W / m 2 、1500W / m 2Etc. Etc. Usually, in most usage scenarios, the sensor field of view 103 mainly has the problem of sensor defogging, and only in a small number of usage scenarios does it need to be defrosted, snowed or iced. Therefore, by making the heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating section 211 in the sensor field of view 103 500W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 The system can realize defog and defrost, save energy and improve energy utilization.

[0068] The first sub-heating element 21 is a single continuous linear heating element, which can be arranged in the laminated glass 10 through a single printing process or a single wire-laying process, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process of the electrically heated glass 1. Specifically, the first sub-heating element 21 includes a first field of view heating segment 211 and two first shielding heating segments 212, and the current of the power supply has only one current path in the first sub-heating element 21. One end of the two first shielding heating segments 212 is respectively connected to the opposite ends of the first field of view heating segment 211, and the other end of the two first shielding heating segments is respectively connected to at least two electrodes 23. At least part of the first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the sensor field of view area 103, for example, the entire first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the sensor field of view area 103; for another example, part of the first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the sensor field of view area 103, and another part of the first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the shielding area 102; for another example, part of the first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the sensor field of view area 103, another part of the first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the light-transmitting area 101, and another part of the first field of view heating section 211 is arranged in the shielding area 102.

[0069] Optionally, the ratio of the total length of the first shielding heating section 212 to the length of the first field of view heating section 211 is 2 to 10, and specifically can be 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, etc., so as to facilitate the heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating section 211 in the sensor field of view 103 to be 500W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

[0070] In one embodiment, the first field of view heating section 211 includes a plurality of first transverse sections 2111 and a plurality of first vertical sections 2112 connecting two adjacent first transverse sections 2111, and the plurality of first vertical sections 2112 connect the plurality of first transverse sections 2111 in series. The plurality of first transverse sections 2111 are parallel or approximately parallel to each other, and at least two first transverse sections 2111 extend through the sensor field of view area 103, thereby ensuring that the first sub-heating element 21 covers at least a portion of the sensor field of view area 103 along the length direction of the laminated glass 10, so as to achieve rapid defog, defrost, snow and ice removal in the sensor field of view area 103. The extension path of the first transverse section 2111 is a straight path, an arc path, a sinusoidal path, or a rectangular wave path.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first transverse section 2111 is parallel or approximately parallel to the top edge of the laminated glass 10 to facilitate the layout of the first field of view heating section 211. The top edge of the laminated glass 10 is the side close to the roof after the laminated glass 10 is installed on the vehicle. At least two first transverse sections 2111 extend along the length direction of the laminated glass 10 and pass through the sensor field of view 103. The first vertical section 2112 is bent to connect two adjacent first transverse sections 2111, so that the two adjacent first transverse sections 2111 are connected in series. In order to minimize the interference to the sensor and ensure that the entire sensor field of view 103 is heated, the number of the first transverse sections 2111 is preferably 3-10, or 4-9, or 5-8, etc. It is also preferred that the spacing H1 between two adjacent first transverse sections 2111 is 10 mm to 50 mm, or 20 mm to 40 mm, and specifically 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, etc. It is further preferred that the length L1 of the first transverse section 2111 is 80 mm to 300 mm, or 100 mm to 250 mm, or 120 to 200 mm, and the lengths of two adjacent first transverse sections 2111 may be equal or unequal. In some embodiments, the length of the first transverse section 2111 gradually increases in the direction from the top edge of the laminated glass 10 to the bottom edge of the laminated glass. For example, the length of the first transverse section 2111 closest to the top edge of the laminated glass 10 is 124 mm, the length of the first transverse section 2111 farthest from the top edge of the laminated glass 10 is 195 mm, and four first transverse sections 2111 with lengths of 128 mm, 132 mm, 151 mm, and 190 mm are sequentially arranged between the two. Specifically, part of the first vertical section 2112 is located in the sensor field of view 103, and another part of the first vertical section 2112 is located outside the sensor field of view 103; or, all of the first vertical sections 2112 are located outside the sensor field of view 103; or, all of the first vertical sections 2112 are located in the sensor field of view 103.

[0072] The sensor field of view 103 may be located in the light-transmitting area 101, and part of its border is surrounded by the top shielding area 1023; alternatively, the sensor field of view 103 may also be located in the top shielding area 1023, and all of its borders are surrounded by the top shielding area 1023; the electrode 23 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021. In addition, the two ends of the left shielding area 1022 are connected to the top shielding area 1023 and the bottom shielding area 1021, respectively, and the two ends of the right shielding area 1024 are connected to the top shielding area 1023 and the bottom shielding area 1021, respectively.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first shielding and heating segment 212 includes a first top shielding segment 2121 located in the top shielding area 1023, a first side shielding segment 2122 located in the side shielding area 102, and a first bottom shielding segment 2123 located in the bottom shielding area 1021. The first top shielding segment 2121 connects the first field heating segment 211 and the first side shielding segment 2122, and the first bottom shielding segment 2123 connects the first side shielding segment 2122 and the electrode 23. The first shielding and heating segment 212 extends from the top shielding area 1023, through the side shielding area 102, to the bottom shielding area 1021 and is electrically connected to the electrode 23.

[0074] Specifically, the first side shielding section 2122 is only located in the left shielding area 1022, that is, the first shielding and heating section 212 extends from the top shielding area 1023, through the left shielding area 1022, to the bottom shielding area 1021. Alternatively, the first side shielding section 2122 is only located in the right shielding area 1024, and the first shielding and heating section 212 extends from the top shielding area 1023, through the right shielding area 1024, to the bottom shielding area 1021. Alternatively, the first side shielding section 2122 is simultaneously located in the left shielding area 1022 and the right shielding area 1024, that is, a part of the first shielding and heating section 212 extends from the top shielding area 1023, through the left shielding area 1022, to the bottom shielding area 1021, and the other part extends from the top shielding area 1023, through the right shielding area 1024, to the bottom shielding area 1021.

[0075] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment, a portion of the first bottom shielding section 2123 extends into the wiper stop area 104, that is, a portion of the first bottom shielding section 2123 is located in the wiper stop area 104, which is beneficial for adjusting the heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating section 211 in the sensor field of view 103, and is also beneficial for auxiliary heating of the wiper stop area 104. Figure 4 In the embodiment, the entire first bottom shielding section 2123 does not extend into the wiper stop area 104, that is, the entire first bottom shielding section 2123 is located outside the wiper stop area 104, so as to reduce the influence of the first sub-heating element 21 on the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22 in the wiper stop area 104.

[0076] In summary, the present application sets a first sub-heating element 21 on the sensor field of view 103, which can heat the sensor field of view 103 individually, realize precise heating, and realize rapid defogger and defrost of the sensor field of view 103, thereby improving energy utilization; and the present application also limits the component position, shape, etc. of the first heating element 20, so that the first sub-heating element 21 has a heating power density E1 in the sensor field of view 103, thereby controlling the heating temperature within an appropriate range and reducing the energy loss of the entire vehicle.

[0077] The second sub-heating element 22 includes a second wiper heating segment 221 extending through the wiper stop area 104 for multiple times, and a second shielding heating segment 222 located in the shielding area 102. The second wiper heating segment 221 is electrically connected to at least two electrodes 23 via the second shielding heating segment 222. The heating power density E2 of the second wiper heating segment 221 in the wiper stop area 104 is 600 W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , or 800W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

[0078] The second shielding heating segment 222 is electrically connected to the second wiper heating segment 221 and the electrode 23. The second sub-heating element 22 includes a second wiper heating segment 221 and two second bottom shielding segments 2221 located in the bottom shielding area 1021, the two second bottom shielding segments 2221 located in the bottom shielding area 1021 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the second wiper heating segment 221, and the two second bottom shielding segments 2221 located in the bottom shielding area 1021 are also respectively electrically connected to at least two electrodes 23, and the at least two electrodes 23 are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply, and the current of the power supply is input into the second sub-heating element 22 through the at least two electrodes 23, so that the second wiper heating segment 221 is heated. The second wiper heating section 221 heats to defrost, remove snow, and remove ice from the wiper stop area 104 to ensure that the wiper is not disturbed by frost, snow, and ice in the wiper stop area 104, and even helps the wiper to remove frost, snow, and ice in the wiper stop area 104 more quickly.

[0079] In order to ensure that the heating area of ​​the second sub-heating element 22 can completely cover the wiper stop area 104, the present application makes the second wiper heating section 221 all disposed in the wiper stop area 104. Further, part of the second wiper heating section 221 is disposed in the wiper stop area 104, and another part of the second wiper heating section 221 is disposed outside the wiper stop area 104 and is located in the bottom shielding area 1021.

[0080] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4In the embodiment, the wiper stop area 104 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021, and the electrode 23 and the second wiper heating segment 221 are both located in the bottom shielding area 1021. The entire second sub-heating element 22 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021, and the second shielding heating segment 222 only includes the second bottom shielding segment 2221, which is located in the bottom shielding area 1021 and connects the second wiper heating segment 221 and the electrode 23. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the wiper stop area 104 and the second wiper heating section 221 are located in the left shielding area 1022 and / or the right shielding area 1024 , and the electrode 23 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021 . A portion of the second sub-heating element 22 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021, and the other portion is located in the left shielding area 1022 and / or the right shielding area 1024. The second shielding heating segment 222 includes a second bottom shielding segment 2221 and a second side shielding segment 2222. The second bottom shielding segment 2221 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021, and the second bottom shielding segment 2221 connects the second wiper heating segment 221 and the electrode 23. The second side shielding segment 2222 is located in the left shielding area 1022 and / or the right shielding area 1024, and the second side shielding segment 2222 connects the second wiper heating segment 221 and the electrode 23. The second shielding heating segment 222 is used to adjust the heating power density of the second wiper heating segment 221, and is also helpful to ensure that the wiper is not disturbed by frost, snow and ice when it runs to the shielding area 102 during operation, and is even helpful to cooperate with the wiper to remove frost, snow and ice in the shielding area 102 more quickly.

[0081] The heating power density E2 of the second wiper heating section 221 in the wiper stop area 104 is 600 W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , or 800W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 , a specific example is 600W / m 2 、650W / m 2 , 700W / m 2 、750W / m 2 、775W / m 2 、800W / m 2 、825W / m 2 、850W / m 2 , 900W / m 2 、950W / m 2 , 1000W / m 2 、1050W / m 2 、1100W / m 2 、1150W / m 2 , 1200W / m 2 、1300W / m 2、1400W / m 2 , 1500W / m 2 、1600W / m 2 、1700W / m 2 、1800W / m 2 In most usage scenarios, the wiper stop area 104 mainly needs to be defrosted, snowed, and iced, and only in a small number of usage scenarios does it need to be defogged. Therefore, by making the heating power density E2 of the second wiper heating segment 221 in the sensor field of view 103 600W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , or 800W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 It can realize defrosting, snow removal and ice removal, and can meet the normal working requirements of wipers in cold weather.

[0082] Optionally, the ratio of the length of the second wiper heating section 221 to the total length of the second shielding heating section 222 is 5 to 200, and specifically can be 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 80, 100, 120, 150, 180, 200, etc., or can be 10 to 100, or can be 20 to 80, so as to facilitate the heating power density E2 of the second wiper heating section 221 in the wiper stop area 104 to be 600 W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , or 800W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

[0083] In one embodiment, the wiper stay area 104 is located in the bottom shielding area 1021, the second wiper heating section 221 includes a plurality of second transverse sections 2211, and a plurality of second vertical sections 2212 connecting two adjacent second transverse sections 2211, the plurality of second vertical sections 2212 connect the plurality of second transverse sections 2211 in series, the plurality of second transverse sections 2211 are parallel or approximately parallel, and at least two second transverse sections 2211 extend through the wiper stay area 104, thereby ensuring that the second sub-heating element 22 covers at least a portion of the wiper stay area 104 along the length direction of the laminated glass 10, so as to achieve rapid defog, defrost, snow and ice removal in the wiper stay area 104. The extension path of the second transverse section 2211 is a straight path, an arc path, a sinusoidal path, or a rectangular wave path.

[0084] The second transverse section 2211 is parallel or approximately parallel to the bottom edge of the laminated glass 10 to facilitate the layout of the second wiper heating section 221. The bottom edge of the laminated glass 10 is the side close to the ground after the laminated glass 10 is installed on the vehicle. At least two second transverse sections 2211 extend along the length direction of the laminated glass 10 and pass through the wiper stop area 104. The second vertical section 2212 is bent to connect two adjacent second transverse sections 2211, so that the two adjacent second transverse sections 2211 are connected in series. Optionally, the number of the second transverse sections 2211 is 3-10, or 4-9, or 5-8, etc. Optionally, the spacing H2 between two adjacent second transverse sections 2211 is 10mm-50mm, or 20mm-40mm, and can be specifically 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, etc. Optionally, the length L2 of the second transverse section 2211 is 500 mm to 1200 mm, or 600 mm to 1100 mm, or 700 mm to 1000 mm, and the lengths of two adjacent second transverse sections 2211 may be equal or unequal. Optionally, the length of the second transverse section 2211 gradually decreases in the direction from the top edge of the laminated glass 10 to the bottom edge of the laminated glass 10. Specifically, part of the second vertical section 2212 is located in the wiper stop area 104, and another part of the second vertical section 2212 is located outside the wiper stop area 104; or, all of the second vertical sections 2212 are located outside the wiper stop area 104; or, all of the second vertical sections 2212 are located in the wiper stop area 104.

[0085] In another embodiment, the wiper stay area 104 is located in the left shielding area 1022 and / or the right shielding area 1024, the second wiper heating segment 221 includes a plurality of second vertical segments 2212, and a plurality of second transverse segments 2211 connecting two adjacent second vertical segments 2212, the plurality of second transverse segments 2211 connect the plurality of second vertical segments 2212 in series, the plurality of second vertical segments 2212 are parallel or approximately parallel, and at least two second vertical segments 2212 extend through the wiper stay area 104, thereby ensuring that the second sub-heating element 22 covers at least a portion of the wiper stay area 104 along the width direction of the laminated glass 10, so as to achieve rapid defog, defrost, snow and ice removal in the wiper stay area 104. The extension path of the second vertical segment 2212 is a straight path, an arc path, a sinusoidal path, or a rectangular wave path.

[0086] The second vertical section 2212 is parallel or approximately parallel to the side of the laminated glass 10 to facilitate the layout of the second wiper heating section 221. The bottom side of the laminated glass 10 is the side close to the ground after the laminated glass 10 is installed on the vehicle. At least two second vertical sections 2212 extend along the width direction of the laminated glass 10 and pass through the wiper stop area 104. The second transverse section 2211 is bent to connect two adjacent second vertical sections 2212, so that the two adjacent second vertical sections 2212 are connected in series. Optionally, the number of the second vertical sections 2212 is 3-10, or 4-9, or 5-8, etc. Optionally, the spacing H3 between two adjacent second vertical sections 2212 is 10mm-50mm, or 20mm-40mm, and can be specifically 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, etc. Optionally, the length L3 of the second vertical section 2212 is 500 mm to 1200 mm, or 600 mm to 1100 mm, or 700 mm to 1000 mm, and the lengths of two adjacent second vertical sections 2212 may be equal or unequal. Specifically, part of the second transverse section 2211 is located in the wiper stop area 104, and another part of the second transverse section 2211 is located outside the wiper stop area 104; or, all of the second transverse sections 2211 are located outside the wiper stop area 104; or, all of the second transverse sections 2211 are located in the wiper stop area 104.

[0087] In summary, the present application sets a second sub-heating element 22 on the wiper stop area 104, which can heat the wiper stop area 104 separately, realize precise heating, and realize rapid defogger, defrost, snow removal and ice removal of the wiper stop area 104, thereby improving energy utilization; and the present application also limits the component position, shape, etc. of the second heating element 20, so that the second wiper heating section 221 has a heating power density E2 in the wiper stop area 104, thereby controlling the heating temperature within an appropriate range, reducing the risk of scalding the driver and improving driving safety.

[0088] The sensor field of view area 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 described in the present application are heated for 30 minutes under the conditions of an ambient temperature of 23°C and an operating voltage of 48V, and the maximum temperature of the sensor field of view area 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 is less than or equal to 70°C to avoid the generation of local hot spots in the sensor field of view area 103 and the wiper stop area 104, thereby ensuring personal safety; further, the minimum temperature of the sensor field of view area 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 is greater than or equal to 40°C to achieve defogger, defrost, snow removal, ice removal, etc. Specifically, the temperature of the sensor field of view area 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 after being heated for 30 minutes at an ambient temperature of 23° and an operating voltage of 48V can be 40°C, 42°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, etc.; preferably, the temperature of the sensor field of view area 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 after being heated for 30 minutes at an ambient temperature of 23° and an operating voltage of 48V is 50°C to 65°C.

[0089] The sensor field of view 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 described in the present application are subjected to a defrosting test, specifically: the sensor field of view 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 are heated for 20 minutes under the conditions of an ambient temperature of -18°C, covered with a 0.055mm ice layer, and an operating voltage of 48V, and the defrosting area of ​​the sensor field of view 103 and / or the wiper stop area 104 is greater than or equal to 80%, preferably greater than or equal to 85%, more preferably greater than or equal to 90%, and further preferably greater than or equal to 95%, or even completely defrosted, that is, the defrosting area is equal to 100%, thereby achieving rapid defrosting to meet the use requirements of the sensor and the wiper. Among them, the defrosting area is greater than or equal to 80% means that the sensor field of view 103 or the wiper stop area 104 is completely covered with ice before heating, and at least 80% of the sensor field of view 103 is not covered with ice after heating for 20 minutes.

[0090] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the heating element 20 includes a first sub-heating element 21 and a second sub-heating element 22. In some scenarios, the first sub-heating element 21 can be controlled separately, the first sub-heating element 21 is powered on, the second sub-heating element 22 is not powered on, and only the sensor field of view 103 is heated; in other scenarios, the second sub-heating element 22 can be controlled separately, the first sub-heating element 21 is not powered on, the second sub-heating element 22 is powered on, and only the wiper stop area 104 is heated; in some other scenarios, the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 can be controlled simultaneously, the first sub-heating element 21 is powered on, the second sub-heating element 22 is also powered on, and the sensor field of view 103 and the wiper stop area 104 are heated at the same time; thereby improving the heating efficiency and energy utilization rate of the heating element 20, so that the electrically heated glass 1 meets the heating requirements of different scenarios.

[0091] When the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 are heated simultaneously, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element 21 in the sensor field of view 103 and the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22 in the wiper stop area 104 may be the same or different.

[0092] In some embodiments, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element 21 in the sensor field of view 103 is the same or substantially the same as the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22 in the wiper stop area 104, that is, the ratio of E1 to E2 satisfies 0.8≤E1 / E2≤1.2, and the heating power density E1=450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , heating power density E2 = 450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 Specific examples include 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.92, 0.95, 0.98, 1, 1.02, 1.05, 1.08, 1.1, 1.15, 1.2, etc., and preferably 0.9≤E1 / E2≤1.1, so as to achieve overall uniform heating and overall wire layout design.

[0093] In another embodiment, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element 21 in the sensor field of view 103 is less than the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element 22 in the wiper stop area 104, that is, the ratio of E1 to E2 satisfies 0.3≤E1 / E2≤0.75, and the heating power density E1=450W / m 2 ~800W / m 2 , heating power density E2 = 600W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2, specifically, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, etc., the heating power density E1 meets the defogging requirements of the sensor field of view 103 in most scenarios, and the heating power density E2 meets the defrosting, snow removal and ice removal requirements of the wiper stop area 104 in most scenarios, so as to facilitate the realization of differentiated design. Preferably, 0.35≤E1 / E2≤0.7, more preferably 0.4≤E1 / E2≤0.6.

[0094] like Figure 6 As shown, the number of electrodes 23 is three, namely, the first electrode 231, the second electrode 232 and the third electrode 233, two of the first electrode 231, the second electrode 232 and the third electrode 233 are electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply; the first shielding heating section 212 connects the first electrode 231 and the second electrode 232, and the second shielding heating section 222 connects the third electrode 233 and the second electrode 232. The second electrode 232 is a common electrode 23 of the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22. For example, the first electrode 231 and the third electrode 233 are both electrically connected to the positive electrode, the second electrode 232 is a common electrode electrically connected to the negative electrode, the first sub-heating element 21 is connected to one positive electrode and the common negative electrode, and the second sub-heating element 22 is connected to another positive electrode and the common negative electrode. The first sub-heating element 21 arranged in the sensor field of view 103 and the second sub-heating element 22 arranged in the wiper stop area 104 can share an electrode 23 to achieve single heating or simultaneous heating, simplify the structure, improve the energy utilization rate of the heating element 20, and improve the heating effect of the electrically heated glass 1.

[0095] The spacing between the first electrode 231 and the second electrode 232 or the spacing between the second electrode 232 and the third electrode 233 is S, that is, the spacing between two adjacent electrodes 23 is S≥10mm, and specific examples include 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 17mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, 30mm, etc. Preferably, S≥15mm, and more preferably S≥20mm. By limiting the spacing between two adjacent electrodes 23 to be greater than 10mm, it is possible to avoid short circuits caused by interference between two adjacent electrodes, thereby improving the reliability of the electrically heated glass 1.

[0096] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 ,and Fig. 9As shown, the laminated glass 10 includes a first glass plate 11, an adhesive layer 12, a second glass plate 13, and a shielding layer 14. The first glass plate 11 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112, the second glass plate 13 has a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132, the adhesive layer 12 connects the second surface 112 and the third surface 131, the first surface 111 faces the outside of the vehicle, and the shielding layer 14 is arranged in the shielding area 102.

[0097] Specifically, the first glass plate 11 serves as the outer glass plate of the laminated glass 10, and the first glass plate 11 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112. The first surface 111 is away from the adhesive layer 12 and is in contact with the outside environment of the vehicle, and the second surface 112 is close to the adhesive layer 12; the second glass plate 13 serves as the inner glass plate of the laminated glass 10, and the second glass plate 13 has a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132. The third surface 131 is close to the adhesive layer 12, and the fourth surface 132 is away from the adhesive layer 12 and is in contact with the inside environment of the vehicle; the adhesive layer 12 connects the second surface 112 and the third surface 131.

[0098] The first glass plate 11 is transparent glass or tinted glass, the visible light transmittance of the first glass plate 11 is greater than or equal to 80%, and the thickness of the first glass plate 11 is 0.7 mm to 4.0 mm. The second glass plate 13 is transparent glass or tinted glass, the visible light transmittance of the second glass plate 13 is greater than or equal to 80%, and the thickness of the second glass plate 13 is 0.7 mm to 4.0 mm. The total iron content (in terms of Fe2O3) of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.1%, or even less than or equal to 0.05%, or further less than or equal to 0.01%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is 80% to 95%; the total iron content (in terms of Fe2O3) of the tinted glass is 0.1% to 0.8%, preferably 0.1% to 0.5%, and the visible light transmittance of the tinted glass is 80% to 90%. For example, the outer glass plate can be a transparent glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 89%, and the inner glass plate can be a green glass with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a visible light transmittance of 83%, or a green glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and a visible light transmittance of 80%.

[0099] Wherein, the bonding layer 12 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer film or a colored thermoplastic polymer film, and the thickness of the bonding layer 12 is 0.38mm to 2.28mm. The material of the thermoplastic polymer film can be selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and ionomer (SGP). When the bonding layer 12 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer, the visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic polymer is greater than or equal to 80%. For example, the visible light transmittance of the bonding layer 12 can be but not limited to 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, etc. Exemplarily, the bonding layer 12 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure, and the multi-layer structure can be exemplified by a double-layer structure, a three-layer structure, a four-layer structure, a five-layer structure, etc. The bonding layer 12 may also have other functions, such as providing at least one colored area to serve as a shadow band to reduce the interference of sunlight to the human eye, or adding an infrared absorber to provide sun protection or heat insulation functions, or adding an ultraviolet absorber to provide ultraviolet isolation functions, or at least one layer of the multilayer structure has a higher plasticizer content to provide a sound insulation function.

[0100] The material of the shielding layer 14 is selected from at least one of dark ink, opaque polymer film, and dimming film, and the shielding layer 14 can be disposed on the second surface 112, the third surface 131, the fourth surface 132, and / or the bonding layer 12. The dark ink can be ceramic ink or ultraviolet ink, which is printed on the second surface 112, the third surface 131, and / or the fourth surface 132 by screen printing, inkjet printing, and other processes, and then cured or sintered at high temperature to form the shielding layer 14. The opaque polymer film may be a polymer film with body coloring, such as adding black or brown coloring components during the manufacturing process of the polymer film, etc.; it may also be a polymer film with surface printing ink, paint or pigment, such as printing black ink, black paint or brown pigment on the surface of the polymer film, etc.; it may also be a dyed or colored polymer film, such as coloring the polymer film with black or brown dyes, etc.; the material of the polymer film may be polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), etc.; the opaque polymer film is arranged in the bonding layer 12, such as the bonding layer 12 may be two thermoplastic polymer films, and the opaque polymer film is sandwiched between the two thermoplastic polymer films. The dimming film may be a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), a dye liquid crystal film (LC), etc. The minimum visible light transmittance of the dimming film is less than or equal to 3%, such as 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0%. In addition, the maximum visible light transmittance of the dimming film is set as needed, such as 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, etc. For example, the visible light transmittance of the dimming film can be adjusted between 0% and 20%, between 0.5% and 50%, between 0% and 70%, etc. The dimming film can meet the requirements of visible light transmittance in multiple scenarios. For example, when black border display is required, the dimming film is in an opaque state (visible light transmittance is less than or equal to 3%, or even 0%) to improve the contrast between the displayed image and the displayed background. When no display is performed, the dimming film is in a transparent state (visible light transmittance is greater than or equal to 70%) to achieve transparency in a larger area of ​​the window glass. The dimming film is arranged in the bonding layer 12. For example, the bonding layer 12 can be two thermoplastic polymer films, and the dimming film is sandwiched between the two thermoplastic polymer films.

[0101] like Fig.10As shown, the electrically heated glass described in the present application further includes a heat insulating layer 15, which can make the electrically heated glass 1 have excellent heat insulating properties, thereby improving the thermal comfort of the vehicle interior environment. Preferably, the total solar transmittance TTS of the electrically heated glass 1 with the heat insulating layer 15 is less than or equal to 55%, more preferably less than or equal to 50%, or even less than or equal to ≤45%. The lower the total solar transmittance, the better the heat insulating properties of the electrically heated glass 1. The heat insulating layer 15 can be disposed on the second surface 112, or in the adhesive layer 12, or on the third surface 131, or on the fourth surface 132.

[0102] The heat-insulating layer 15 may be at least one selected from a single silver nano-coating, a double silver nano-coating, a triple silver nano-coating, a quadruple silver nano-coating, an ITO nano-coating, a FTO nano-coating, and an infrared blocking micro-coating.

[0103] The single silver nano coating, double silver nano coating, triple silver nano coating and quadruple silver nano coating can be deposited by magnetron sputtering process, and their physical thickness is preferably 100nm to 500nm. The single silver nano coating is a transparent nano coating having one silver layer and at least two dielectric layers, the double silver nano coating is a transparent nano coating having two silver layers and at least three dielectric layers, the triple silver nano coating is a transparent nano coating having three silver layers and at least four dielectric layers, and the quadruple silver nano coating is a transparent nano coating having four silver layers and at least five dielectric layers. Wherein, the material of the dielectric layer is selected from at least one oxide, nitride, or oxynitride of Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm.

[0104] The ITO nano coating can be formed by magnetron sputtering deposition, and the physical thickness of the ITO nano coating is preferably 100nm to 500nm. The ITO nano coating is a transparent nano coating having at least one ITO (indium tin oxide) functional layer and at least two dielectric layers, and the material of the dielectric layer is selected from at least one oxide, nitride, or oxynitride of Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm. The FTO nano coating can be formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and the physical thickness of the FTO nano coating is preferably 50nm to 500nm. The FTO nano coating is a transparent nano coating having at least one FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) functional layer.

[0105] The infrared blocking micron coating can be formed by sol-gel coating, the thickness of the infrared blocking micron coating is 5 μm to 30 μm, the infrared blocking micron coating is a transparent micron coating with infrared blocking nanoparticles, and the material of the infrared blocking nanoparticles can be selected from at least one of ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), CWO (cesium-doped tungsten oxide), lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) and vanadium pentoxide (V2O5). The average particle size of the infrared blocking nanoparticles is 20 nm to 100 nm.

[0106] like Fig.11 As shown, the electrically heated glass described in the present application further includes an electric heating element 16 and at least two busbars 17. The electric heating element 16 at least covers the light-transmitting area 101. The busbar 17 is electrically connected to the electric heating element 16. The electric heating element 16 and at least two second busbars 17 can be arranged between the second surface 112 and the adhesive layer 12, or between the third surface 131 and the adhesive layer 12, or on the fourth surface 132. One of the busbars 17 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply (not shown), and the other busbar 17 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply (not shown). The current of the power supply is input into the electric heating element 16 through at least two busbars 17, so that the electric heating element 16 generates heat and heats the light-transmitting area 101 to achieve the functions of defrosting, defogging, snow removal and even deicing, further improving driving safety. The shielding layer 14 is disposed on both the second surface 112 and the fourth surface 132 to better shield the electric heating element 16 and at least two bus bars 17 .

[0107] The voltage of the power supply described in the present application is 40V to 52V, and the electric heating element 16 can make the light-transmitting area 101 have at least 400W / m 2 For example, the electric heating element 16 can make the light-transmitting area 101 have a heating power density of at least 800 W / m 2 As another example, the electric heating element 16 can make the light-transmitting area 101 have a heating power density of at least 1000 W / m 2 Further exemplary, the electric heating element 16 can make the light-transmitting area 101 have a heating power density of at least 2000 W / m 2The heating power density is . Optionally, the electric heating element 16 can be heated independently, and the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 are not heated; or, the electric heating element 16 and the first sub-heating element 21 are heated simultaneously, and the second sub-heating element 22 is not heated; or, the electric heating element 16 and the second sub-heating element 22 are heated simultaneously, and the first sub-heating element 21 is not heated; or, the electric heating element 16, the first sub-heating element 21, and the second sub-heating element 22 are heated simultaneously. Alternatively, the electric heating element 16 is not heated, and at least one of the first sub-heating element 21 and the second sub-heating element 22 is heated.

[0108] The electric heating element 16 can be a single silver electric heating coating, a double silver electric heating coating, a triple silver electric heating coating, a quadruple silver electric heating coating, a five silver electric heating coating, a TCO electric heating coating, a metal wire, a printed silver paste wire, a nano silver wire, a carbon fiber wire, a metal grid or a graphene heating sheet, etc. The single silver electric heating coating, the double silver electric heating coating, the triple silver electric heating coating, the quadruple silver electric heating coating, the five silver electric heating coating and the TCO electric heating coating can be formed by a physical vapor deposition process (PVD) or a chemical vapor deposition process (CVD), and their physical thickness is preferably 100nm to 500nm. The single silver electric heating coating is a transparent nano coating having one silver layer and at least two dielectric layers, the double silver electric heating coating is a transparent nano coating having two silver layers and at least three dielectric layers, the triple silver electric heating coating is a transparent nano coating having three silver layers and at least four dielectric layers, the quadruple silver electric heating coating is a transparent nano coating having four silver layers and at least five dielectric layers, and the five silver electric heating coating is a transparent nano coating having five silver layers and at least six dielectric layers. The TCO electric heating coating is a transparent nano coating having at least one transparent conductive oxide (TCO) functional layer. The material of the TCO functional layer may be ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) or AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide), etc. The TCO electric heating coating may also include at least one dielectric layer. Among them, the material of the dielectric layer is selected from at least one oxide, nitride, or oxynitride of Zn, Ti, Si, Al, Sn, Se, Zr, Ni, In, Cr, W, Ca, Y, Nb, Cu, and Sm. The metal wire may be at least one of a copper wire, a tungsten wire, an aluminum wire, or a copper alloy wire, and the diameter of the metal wire is 0.01 mm-0.5 mm. The printed line width of the printed silver paste line is 0.1 mm-1.0 mm, and the printed thickness of the printed silver paste line is 3 μm-20 μm. Nanosilver wires, carbon fiber wires, metal grids, or graphene heating sheets can be purchased on the market.

[0109] The present application also provides a vehicle window assembly, which is applied to a vehicle, such as Fig.12As shown, the vehicle window assembly includes an electrically heated glass 1, a sensor 2 and a wiper 3, wherein the sensor 2 is located inside the vehicle and faces the sensor field of view 103, and the wiper 3 is located outside the vehicle and can stay in the wiper stay area 104. The sensor can be installed on the fourth surface 132 of the electrically heated glass 1, and the wiper 3 can be installed on the first surface 111 of the electrically heated glass 1.

[0110] The present application also provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising a vehicle body and the electrically heated glass 1 provided in the present application, the electrically heated glass 1 being arranged on the vehicle body. When the electrically heated glass 1 is installed on the vehicle, it is preferably used as the front windshield of the vehicle. However, it is not limited thereto, the electrically heated glass 1 can also be used as a panoramic glass or a rear windshield, thereby providing more application scenarios for the vehicle.

[0111] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present application clearer, the effects of the electrically heated glass 1 of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0112] The heating element 20 of the electrically heated glass 1 includes a first sub-heating element 21 and a second sub-heating element 22 electrically connected to the same electrode 23, and the working voltage is 48 V. The specific parameters of the heating elements with different diameters and lengths are shown in Table 1.

[0113] Table 1: Performance parameters of electrically heated glass with different heating elements

[0114]

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] In summary, it can be seen from Table 1 that in Examples 1-22, the diameter of the first sub-heating element in the sensor field of view is smaller than the diameter of the second sub-heating element in the wiper stop area. Using a first sub-heating element with a smaller diameter is beneficial to reducing the interference of the first sub-heating element on the sensor, especially the high-definition camera when collecting image data.

[0118] At the same time, while ensuring that the heating power density in the sensor field of view remains unchanged, since the area of ​​the sensor field of view is usually smaller than that of the wiper stop area, using a first sub-heating element with a smaller diameter is conducive to selecting a shorter first sub-heating element, thereby avoiding the first sub-heating element being too long and increasing the difficulty of layout; using a second sub-heating element with a larger diameter is conducive to selecting a longer second sub-heating element, thereby avoiding the second sub-heating element being too short and unable to cover the wiper stop area.

[0119] Among them, the length of the first sub-heating element is L1, the length of the second sub-heating element is L2, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 to L2 is a, a=|L1-L2| / L2, a≥10%, or a≥16%, or a≥21%, or 25%≤a≤90%, or 30%≤a≤80%, or 35%≤a≤75%; at the same time, the ratio between the diameter of the first sub-heating element and the diameter of the second sub-heating element is 0.1~0.8, or 0.2~0.75, or 0.25~0.6; the embodiments provided in the present application enable the first sub-heating element and the second sub-heating element to adapt to the heating power density requirements and temperature control requirements of the sensor field of view and the wiper stop area, improve the heating accuracy and energy utilization, control the heating temperature within an appropriate range, and help reduce the energy loss of the whole vehicle.

[0120] The above is a detailed introduction to the contents provided in the implementation mode of the present application. This article explains and illustrates the principles and implementation modes of the present application. The above explanation is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. An electrically heated glass, characterized in that: The electrically heated glass comprises a laminated glass and a heating element, wherein the laminated glass has a sensor viewing area and a wiper stop area, and the heating element is arranged in the sensor viewing area and the wiper stop area; The heating element is a linear heating element, the linear heating element is a metal wire or a carbon fiber wire, and the diameter of the heating element is 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm; The heating element comprises a first sub-heating element and a second sub-heating element. When a working voltage of 40V to 52V is applied to the heating element, the heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element in the sensor field of view is 450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 The heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element in the wiper stop area is 450W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , the diameter of the first sub-heating element is not equal to the diameter of the second sub-heating element.

2. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first sub-heating element is 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm, and the diameter of the second sub-heating element is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

3. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diameter of the first sub-heating element is smaller than a diameter of the second sub-heating element.

4. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first sub-heating element is L1, the length of the second sub-heating element is L2, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between L1 and L2 to L2 is a, a≥21%, or 25%≤a≤90%, or 30%≤a≤80%, or 35%≤a≤75%.

5. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio between the diameter of the first sub-heating element and the diameter of the second sub-heating element is 0.1 to 0.8, or 0.2 to 0.

6.

6. The electrically heated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The laminated glass has a shielding area and a light-transmitting area, the visible light transmittance of the light-transmitting area is greater than or equal to 70%, the visible light transmittance of the shielding area is less than or equal to 10%, and the shielding area includes a bottom shielding area located below the light-transmitting area, a left shielding area located on the left side of the light-transmitting area, a top shielding area located above the light-transmitting area, and a right shielding area located on the right side of the light-transmitting area.

7. The electrically heated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sensor field of view is located below the top shielding area or within the top shielding area.

8. The electrically heated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wiper stay area is located in the bottom shielding area, or in the left shielding area, or in the right shielding area.

9. The electrically heated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first sub-heating element includes a first field of view heating segment extending through the sensor field of view multiple times and a first shielding heating segment located in the shielding area, the first field of view heating segment is electrically connected to at least two electrodes through the first shielding heating segment, and the heating power density E1 of the first field of view heating segment in the sensor field of view is 500W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

10. The electrically heated glass according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ratio of the total length of the first shielding heating section to the length of the first viewing field heating section is 2-10.

11. The electrically heated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second sub-heating element includes a second wiper heating segment that extends through the wiper stop area multiple times and a second shielding heating segment located in the shielding area, the second wiper heating segment is electrically connected to at least two electrodes through the second shielding heating segment, and the heating power density E2 of the second wiper heating segment in the wiper stop area is 600W / m 2 ~1800W / m 2 , or 800W / m 2 ~1500W / m 2 .

12. The electrically heated glass according to claim 11, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the second wiper heating section to the total length of the second shielding heating section is 5-200.

13. The electrically heated glass according to claim 11, characterized in that: A portion of the second shielded heating section is located in the left shielding area and / or the right shielding area.

14. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating power density E1 of the first sub-heating element in the sensor field of view and the heating power density E2 of the second sub-heating element in the wiper stop area satisfy: 0.8≤E1 / E2≤1.2, or 0.9≤E1 / E2≤1.

1.

15. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear heating element is the metal wire, and the metal wire is selected from at least one of copper wire, tungsten wire or enameled wire.

16. The electrically heated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically heated glass also includes a heat-insulating layer. The electrically heated glass having the heat-insulating layer has a total solar transmittance TTS less than or equal to 55%. The heat-insulating layer is selected from at least one of a single silver nano-coating, a double silver nano-coating, a triple silver nano-coating, a quadruple silver nano-coating, an ITO nano-coating, a FTO nano-coating, and an infrared blocking micro-coating.

17. The electrically heated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrically heated glass further comprises an electric heating element and at least two busbars, wherein the electric heating element at least covers the light transmission area, the busbars are electrically connected to the electric heating element, and the electric heating element can make the light transmission area have a power of at least 400W / m 2 The heating power density.

18. A vehicle window assembly, applied to a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle window assembly comprises a sensor, a wiper and the electrically heated glass as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the sensor is located inside the vehicle and faces the sensor field of view, and the wiper is located outside the vehicle and can stay in the wiper stay area.

Images