Thin shell machining method and clamp body

Abstract

The invention relates to a thin shell machining method and a clamp body. The clamp body comprises an anti-deformation device, a positioning vertical plate, a pressure sensing device, a deformation display alarm, a cross beam and a base. According to the method, a multi-point positioning clamp body is adopted, force is applied in a balanced mode, the necessary freedom degree of a workpiece is limited, dynamic balance of the workpiece in the cutting machining process is achieved, and machining deformation of the thin-wall shell is effectively controlled. The clamping force is converted, and clamping deformation is controlled. The used clamp body adopts a one-pulling and one-pressing clamping mode, the range of clamping force is standardized, and meanwhile, a pressure sensing device and a deformation display alarm device are additionally arranged to monitor deformation of the thin-wall shell in time. The machining deformation of the thin-wall shell type workpiece is effectively controlled, the manufacturing yield of the thin-wall shell type workpiece is improved, the machining efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the requirement for the labor skill of operators is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of thin shell part processing, and specifically relates to a thin shell processing method and a clamping body, and relates to the processing of thin shell workpieces, and is particularly suitable for cutting aluminum alloy thin shells. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there is no effective anti-deformation process for machining thin shell parts. Rough machining, fine machining, aging and "small cutting depth, multi-knife cutting" are usually used, which has low machining efficiency and cannot effectively control machining deformation, especially "online" control.

[0003] Thin shell parts are machined by roughing and finishing. Usually, the aging process is arranged after roughing, and then finishing. The processing cycle is long and the efficiency is low. The "small cutting depth, multi-knife cutting" process method is adopted, the tool wears quickly, the clamping deformation of the cutting process is not easy to effectively control, and the machining out-of-tolerance phenomenon cannot be completely avoided. It has limitations such as high skill level requirements for operators, high labor intensity and high manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a thin shell processing method and a clamping body, and aims to solve the following technical problems: solving the problems of rapid tool wear, difficult effective control of cutting clamping deformation, and inability to completely avoid machining over-tolerance phenomenon when machining thin shell parts.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a thin shell processing method, which is characterized in that: first, a clamp body 2 is installed on a workbench of a processing machine tool, and a thin shell 1 is placed in the clamp body 2; the anti-deformation device 3 of the clamp body is adjusted to a suitable position according to the outer shape structure of the thin shell, so as to realize "flexible" installation of thin shells with different outer shapes and structures; the clamping force on the anti-deformation device is adjusted to perform rough processing; then the clamping force on the anti-deformation device is adjusted to perform fine processing; the deformation of the thin shell during installation and processing is monitored by a pressure sensing device and a deformation display alarm device; when the force on the thin shell exceeds the specified clamping force, the pressure sensing device transmits a signal to the deformation display alarm to sound a whistle for prompting.

[0006] A clamping body used in the thin shell processing method, characterized in that: the clamping body includes an anti-deformation device 3, a positioning vertical plate 17, a pressure sensing device 6, a deformation display alarm 19, a crossbeam 11 and a base; the anti-deformation device 3 is distributed on both sides of the thin shell 1 and fixed on the base of the clamping body 2, the positioning vertical plate 17 is arranged at one end of the thin shell 1, fixed on the base of the clamping body 2, and plays a positioning role; the tops of the two anti-deformation devices symmetrically arranged on the left and right are fixed together by a crossbeam 11, the anti-deformation device clamps and positions the two sides of the thin shell, and the pressure sensing device is used to measure the clamping force; the anti-deformation device 3 includes It includes a tension rod 4, a pressure sensing device 6, a tightening screw 7, a large end cover 9, a top screw 13 and a vertical plate; the top screw 13 is screwed in from both ends of the upper part of the cross beam 11 and pressed on the contour wall of the upper part of the thin shell, and a pressure sensing device is installed next to the Mengge top screw 13 to test the pressure of the top screw 13 on the thin shell; the tightening screw 7 and the tension rod 4 are screwed into the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device and pass through the vertical plate. The tightening screw 7 is used to tighten the thin shell, and the end of the tension rod 4 is stuck in the inner wall of the thin shell to position the thin shell. A pressure sensing device is provided between the tightening screw 7 and the tension rod 4, which passes horizontally through the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device 3 to test the force around the thin shell.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The present invention is a process method for installing and positioning a thin shell on a machine tool using a process equipment "flexible clamp body". The clamp body used adopts a "pull and press" clamping method, which standardizes the range of clamping force, and at the same time adds a pressure sensor device and a deformation display alarm device to monitor the deformation of the thin shell in a timely manner. The process method effectively controls the processing deformation of thin shell workpieces, improves the manufacturing yield rate of thin shell workpieces, improves processing efficiency, and reduces the labor skill requirements of operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thin shell clamp;

[0009] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-deformation device (4 pieces);

[0010] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0011] Figure 4 Display alarm for deformation;

[0012] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the implementation of the present invention;

[0013] Legend:

[0014] 1. Thin shell; 2. Thin shell clamp body; 3. Anti-deformation device; 4. Tension rod; 5. Bushing; 6. Pressure sensing device; 7. Compression screw; 8. Front end of screw; 9. Large end cover; 10. Mesh surface; 11. Crossbeam; 12. Hinge shaft; 13. Top screw; 14. Fixing bolt; 15. Bolt; 16. Support seat; 17. Positioning vertical plate; 18. Side positioning pin; 19. Deformation display alarm device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below.

[0016] The present invention proposes a thin shell processing method, which adopts a multi-point positioning clamp body, evenly applies force, limits the necessary freedom of the workpiece, realizes the "dynamic balance" of the workpiece during the cutting process, and effectively controls the processing deformation of the thin shell. The clamping force is quantified to control the clamping deformation. Before rough machining, the clamping force F ≥ 1.6 times the cutting force f (obtained by general experimental detection); before fine machining, the clamping force F ≥ 1.2 times the cutting force f.

[0017] The specific steps are as follows:

[0018] S1 process preparation, installing the clamp body 2 on the working table of the processing machine tool, opening the clamp body crossbeam 11, and placing the thin shell 1 in the clamp body 2;

[0019] The clamp body 2 includes an anti-deformation device 3, a positioning vertical plate 17, a pressure sensor device 6, a deformation display alarm 19, a crossbeam 11 and a base; the anti-deformation device 3 is distributed on both sides of the thin shell 1 and fixed to the base of the clamp body 2 with bolts 15. The pressure sensor devices 6 used are 8 in total (4 on the top and 4 on the left and right sides), and are wirelessly connected to the deformation display alarm 19. When the force on the thin shell exceeds the specified value F = (1.3-1.6)f or F = (1.05-1.25)f, the pressure sensor device transmits a signal to the deformation display alarm whistle to give a prompt. f is the cutting force.

[0020] The positioning vertical plate 17 is arranged at one end of the thin shell 1 and welded to the base of the clamp body 2 to play a positioning role.

[0021] The tops of the two anti-deformation devices symmetrically arranged on the left and right are fixed together by a crossbeam 11. A support seat is provided on the base for supporting the four corners of the bottom of the thin shell 1.

[0022] An anti-deformation device is provided at the front and rear parts of the left and right sides of the thin shell 1 respectively.

[0023] The anti-deformation device 3 includes a tension rod 4, a pressure sensor 6, a compression screw 7, a large end cover 9, a hinge shaft 12, a top screw 13, a fixing bolt 14 and a vertical plate;

[0024] The top screw 13 is screwed in from both ends of the upper part of the cross beam 11 and pressed on the contour wall of the upper part of the thin shell. Four pressure sensing devices 6 are arranged on the top of the clamp body, passing through the cross beam 11 and respectively installed beside the top screw 13 to test the pressure of the top screw 13 on the thin shell.

[0025] The compression screw rod 7 and the tension rod 4 (L-shaped) are screwed into the bushing 5 on the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device and pass through the vertical plate to achieve the "one pull and one press" positioning of the thin shell.

[0026] The four side pressure sensing devices 6 pass horizontally through the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device 3 between the compression screw rod 7 and the tension rod 4 to test the stress around the thin shell.

[0027] A large end cover 9 is installed at the end of each compression screw rod 7 to increase the contact area with the thin shell.

[0028] One end of the beam 11 is connected to the top of the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device 3 on one side by a hinge shaft 12, and the beam can rotate around the hinge shaft; the other end of the beam is fixed to the top of the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device on the other side by a fixing bolt 14 to ensure the position of the beam relative to the clamp base.

[0029] The pressure sensing device and the deformation display alarm are wirelessly connected. When the clamping force exceeds a specified value, the pressure sensing device transmits a signal to the deformation display alarm to sound a whistle.

[0030] The pressure sensor and deformation display alarm are used to implement "online" monitoring of the deformation of the thin shell during installation and processing, and the clamping force and cutting parameters are adjusted in time to achieve "dynamic balance" between the clamping force and the cutting force.

[0031] During the clamping and positioning process, the four anti-deformation devices can adjust the installation position in time according to the shape and structure of the thin shell and fasten it to the clamp base plate, thus realizing the "flexible" installation of thin shells with irregular structures and batch processing.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, each clamping and positioning method is "one pull and one press" to achieve force balance at the positioning point and reduce local deformation of the clamping part of the thin shell.

[0033] S2 process preparation, adjust the support seat 16, close the crossbeam 11 and lock it with the fixing bolt 14, and adjust the top screw 13 and the pressure sensor 6 on the crossbeam;

[0034] S3 process preparation, adjust the four anti-deformation devices 3 to the appropriate position according to the outer shape structure of the thin shell, and tighten and fix the "flexible" installation of the thin shells with different outer shapes and structures with bolts 15 respectively (batch processing, the first piece can be adjusted);

[0035] S4 adjusts the pressure sensor device 6 on the anti-deformation device so that the clamping force F=1.3~1.6 times the cutting force f (obtained by general experimental detection); when the force on the thin shell exceeds the specified value F=1.3-1.6 times the cutting force f, the pressure sensor device transmits the signal to the deformation display alarm whistle to prompt.

[0036] S5 starts the machine tool, performs rough machining, and removes a large amount of excess; the reserved finishing amount is: 1.5 to 1.8 times the Ra value;

[0037] S6 finishing preparation: adjust the tension rods 4 and the compression screws 7 on the four anti-deformation devices; adjust the pressure sensing device 6 on the anti-deformation device to make the clamping force F = 1.05 to 1.25 times the cutting force f (obtained by general experimental detection);

[0038] S7 starts the machine tool and performs fine processing until the thin shell reaches the required size; uses the pressure sensor device 6 and the deformation display alarm device to monitor the deformation of the thin shell during installation and processing, adjusts the clamping force and cutting parameters, and makes the clamping force F = 1.05-1.25 times the cutting force f, ensuring that the clamping force and cutting force achieve "dynamic balance"; when the force on the thin shell exceeds the specified value F = 1.05-1.25 times the cutting force f, the pressure sensor device transmits the signal to the deformation display alarm to sound a whistle.

[0039] S8 processing is completed and the thin shell is removed;

[0040] S9 thin shells are finally inspected by dedicated inspectors;

[0041] After passing the S10 inspection and first piece identification, the finished product is put into storage, realizing batch manufacturing.

[0042] The method of the present invention is mainly used for cutting thin shell workpieces with different shapes and structures, and realizes the quantification of the fixture force relative to the cutting force, and is particularly suitable for flexible installation and batch processing of thin shells. The process device and process method of the present invention effectively control the "online" processing deformation of thin shell workpieces, improve processing efficiency, reduce the skill level of operators, and save the manufacturing cost of thin shell parts.

Claims

1. A method for processing a thin shell, characterized in that: First, install the clamp body 2 on the workbench of the processing machine tool, and place the thin shell 1 in the clamp body 2; adjust the anti-deformation device 3 of the clamp body to a suitable position according to the external structure of the thin shell, so as to realize the "flexible" installation of thin shells with different external structures; adjust the clamping force on the anti-deformation device to perform rough processing; then adjust the clamping force on the anti-deformation device to perform fine processing; monitor the deformation of the thin shell during installation and processing through the pressure sensor device and the deformation display alarm device; when the force on the thin shell exceeds the specified clamping force, the pressure sensor device transmits the signal to the deformation display alarm to sound a whistle for prompting.

2. A thin shell processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before rough machining, the clamping force F ≥ 1.6 times the cutting force f; before fine machining, the clamping force F ≥ 1.2 times the cutting force f.

3. A thin shell processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping body with multi-point positioning is used to apply force evenly. Each clamping positioning method is "one pull and one press" to achieve force balance at the positioning point, limit the necessary degree of freedom of the workpiece, and realize the dynamic balance of the workpiece during the cutting process; the clamping force is quantified and the clamping deformation is controlled.

4. A method for processing a thin shell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamp body 2 includes an anti-deformation device 3, a positioning vertical plate 17, a pressure sensing device 6, a deformation display alarm 19, a crossbeam 11 and a base; the anti-deformation device 3 is distributed on both sides of the thin shell 1 and fixed on the base of the clamp body 2, and the positioning vertical plate 17 is arranged at one end of the thin shell 1 and fixed on the base of the clamp body 2 to play a positioning role; the tops of the two anti-deformation devices symmetrically arranged on the left and right are fixed together by a crossbeam 11, and the anti-deformation device clamps and positions the two sides of the thin shell, and the pressure sensing device is used to measure the clamping force.

5. A thin shell processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensing device and the deformation display alarm 19 are wirelessly connected.

6. A method for processing a thin shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support seat is provided on the base for supporting the four corners of the bottom of the thin shell 1.

7. A method for processing a thin shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-deformation device 3 includes a tension rod 4, a pressure sensing device 6, a clamping screw 7, a large end cover 9, a top screw 13 and a vertical plate; the top screw 13 is screwed in from both ends of the upper part of the cross beam 11 and pressed on the contour wall of the upper part of the thin shell. A pressure sensing device is installed next to the Mengge top screw 13 to test the pressure of the top screw 13 on the thin shell; the clamping screw 7 and the tension rod 4 are screwed into the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device and pass through the vertical plate. The clamping screw 7 is used to clamp the thin shell. The end of the tension rod 4 is stuck in the inner wall of the thin shell to position the thin shell. A pressure sensing device is provided between the clamping screw 7 and the tension rod 4, which passes horizontally through the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device 3 to test the force around the thin shell.

8. A method for processing a thin shell according to claim 7, characterized in that: A large end cover 9 is installed at the end of each compression screw rod 7 to increase the contact area with the thin shell, and the end of the tension rod is an L-shaped structure; one end of the beam 11 is connected to the top of the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device 3 on one side by a hinge shaft 12, and the other end of the beam is fixed to the top of the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device on the other side by a fixing bolt 14.

9. A method for processing a thin shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: During fine machining, the clamping force F = 1.05 to 1.25 times the cutting force f; during rough machining, the clamping force F = 1.3 to 1.6 times the cutting force f.

10. A clamp body used in the thin shell processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp body includes an anti-deformation device 3, a positioning vertical plate 17, a pressure sensing device 6, a deformation display alarm 19, a crossbeam 11 and a base; the anti-deformation device 3 is distributed on both sides of the thin shell 1 and fixed on the base of the clamp body 2, and the positioning vertical plate 17 is arranged at one end of the thin shell 1 and fixed on the base of the clamp body 2 to play a positioning role; the tops of the two anti-deformation devices symmetrically arranged on the left and right are fixed together by a crossbeam 11, and the anti-deformation device clamps and positions the two sides of the thin shell, and the pressure sensing device is used to measure the clamping force; the anti-deformation device 3 includes a tension rod 4, a pressure sensing device 6. Compression screw 7, large end cover 9, top screw 13 and vertical plate; the top screw 13 is screwed in from both ends of the upper part of the cross beam 11 and pressed on the contour wall of the upper part of the thin shell. A pressure sensing device is installed next to the Mengge top screw 13 to test the pressure of the top screw 13 on the thin shell; the compression screw 7 and the tension rod 4 are screwed into the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device and pass through the vertical plate. The compression screw 7 is used to compress the thin shell. The end of the tension rod 4 is stuck in the inner wall of the thin shell to position the thin shell. A pressure sensing device that passes horizontally through the vertical plate of the anti-deformation device 3 is provided between the compression screw 7 and the tension rod 4 to test the force around the thin shell.

Images