Pole-changing variable-frequency speed regulation system for petroleum drilling winch

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pole-changing and frequency-changing speed regulation systems, in particular to a pole-changing and frequency-changing speed regulation system for a petroleum drilling winch, which comprises a motor speed regulation handle, a weight indicator, a controller, a frequency converter, a winch and a plurality of sensors, the winch comprises an asynchronous alternating current motor, a roller shaft assembly, a closed brake system and a motor encoder, the frequency converter is connected with the asynchronous alternating current motor, the asynchronous alternating current motor comprises 12 windings, and the 12 windings are all connected with a power supply. The rotating speed of the motor is changed by switching the number of poles of the motor, then the double-gear speed adjustment of the winch is realized, the single-winding motor is adopted, six wiring ends of a motor winding are connected with a power supply, and three-phase or six-phase alternating current is provided by changing the phase matching of multi-phase alternating current to realize pole changing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pole-changing frequency-converting speed regulation systems, in particular to a pole-changing frequency-converting speed regulation system for oil drilling winches. Background Art

[0002] Oil drilling is the core component of drilling and repairing machines. It has two working conditions in the process of oil drilling and repairing: (1) The maximum hook load condition is used to lift casing or deal with accidents, etc. In this condition, the winch has low speed and high torque; (2) The maximum hook speed condition is used to lift empty elevators. In this condition, the winch has high speed and low torque. At present, there are two types of electric-driven oil drilling winches. One is a non-direct drive winch, that is, the motor drives the drum to rotate through a reduction gear. This method has a complex transmission structure, high failure rate, large size and heavy weight. This type of winch realizes the two working conditions of the winch by shifting gears in the reduction gear; the other is a direct drive winch, that is, the direct drive motor directly drives the drum to rotate. This method has a simple transmission structure, high transmission efficiency, small size and light weight. However, the current direct drive winches are all equipped with single rated frequency motors, which cannot be shifted and adjusted. In order to meet the working conditions, the configured motor power is larger than that of the non-direct drive winch motor, the equipment has high energy consumption, and the motor frequency is close to the upper limit under the maximum hook speed condition, and the efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winches, which solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a variable pole frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winch, including a motor speed regulating handle, a weight indicator, a controller, a frequency converter, a winch and several sensors, the controller is respectively connected to the weight indicator, the speed regulating handle, the frequency converter and the encoder, the controller is preset with a program for realizing multi-phase AC phase coordination and frequency regulation, and the controller has the ability to execute this program; the weight indicator collects the load weight and transmits the command signal to the controller for processing; the winch includes an asynchronous AC motor, a drum shaft assembly, a closed brake system and a motor encoder, the frequency converter is connected to the asynchronous AC motor, the asynchronous AC motor includes 12 windings, the 12 windings are all connected to a power supply, one end of each winding is connected to the same point, and the other end is connected in parallel to form six motor terminals, which are respectively powered by a multi-phase AC power supply, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field. The motor pole number switching is realized by changing the phase of the multi-phase AC supplied to each winding.

[0005] As an optimization, the rated frequency of the asynchronous AC motor is 10 Hz.

[0006] As an optimization, the coil ends of the 12 windings are A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1, A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2, A3-X3, B3-Y3, C3-Z3, A4-X4, B4-Y4 and C4-Z4 respectively.

[0007] As an optimization, the ends X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 of the coils of the windings are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current; the ends A1 and A3 of the coils of the windings are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current, A2 and A4 are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current, B1 and B3 are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current, B2 and B4 are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current, C1 and C3 are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current, and C2 and C4 are connected in parallel to the same phase alternating current.

[0008] As an optimization, the controller sends out control signals including e1, e2, e3, e4, e5 and e6; the current signal of the inverter includes f1, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f6.

[0009] As an optimization, the inverter current signal f1 is connected to the coil ends A1 and A3 of the winding, the inverter current signal f2 is connected to the coil ends B1 and B3 of the winding, the inverter current signal f3 is connected to the coil ends C1 and C3 of the winding, the inverter current signal f4 is connected to the coil ends A2 and A4 of the winding, the inverter current signal f5 is connected to the coil ends B2 and B4 of the winding, and the inverter current signal f6 is connected to the coil ends C2 and C4 of the winding. The inverter current signal has six variable frequency AC output terminals, which output six-phase AC according to the command signal of the controller, and can achieve AC output of different frequencies by frequency conversion processing of the power supply.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a variable pole frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winches, which realizes the change of motor speed by switching the number of motor poles, and then realizes the two-speed speed regulation of the winch. The high-speed gear, that is, the motor has a small number of poles, a high speed and a small torque, and the low-speed gear, that is, the motor has a large number of poles, a low speed and a large torque. At the same time, the stepless speed regulation can be achieved within the gear position by frequency conversion. While meeting the two working conditions of the maximum hook load and the maximum hook speed of the winch, the present invention removes the reduction box, and the winch has high transmission efficiency, small size and light weight. The present invention adopts a single-winding motor, and the motor winding has six terminals connected to the power supply. By changing the phase coordination of the multi-phase alternating current, three-phase or six-phase alternating current is provided to achieve pole change. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the winch structure using the pole-changing frequency-converting speed regulation system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the input and output lines of the eight-pole winding of the motor of the pole-changing frequency-converting speed regulation system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the input and output lines of the four-pole winding of the motor of the variable-pole frequency-converting speed regulation system of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the electrical principle diagram of the variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system of the present invention.

[0012] Among them: 1. Speed ​​control handle, 2. Weight indicator, 3. Controller, 4. Frequency converter, 5. Winch, 5.1. Asynchronous AC motor, 5.2. Drum shaft assembly, 5.3. Winch frame, 5.4. Closed brake system, 5.5. Encoder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0014] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0015] For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0016] The winch low speed gear lifting speed is 0.5-0.6m / s for lifting the maximum hook load, and the winch high speed gear lifting speed is 1.2-1.4m / s for lifting the empty elevator. The drum speed is about 300r / min when the winch is in high speed gear, and about 150r / min when the drum is in low speed gear. Therefore, the asynchronous AC motor used in the present invention has a rated frequency of 10Hz and a motor pole number of four poles / eight poles.

[0017] like Figure 1As shown, a variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winch provides six-phase mutually coordinated alternating current to its winding to realize four-pole and eight-pole conversion, including a motor speed regulating handle 1, a weight indicator 2, a controller 3, a frequency converter 4, a winch 5 and a plurality of sensors. The controller 3 is respectively connected to the weight indicator 2, the speed regulating handle 1, the frequency converter 4 and the encoder 5.5. The controller 3 is preset with a program for realizing multi-phase alternating current phase coordination and frequency regulation, and the controller 3 has the ability to execute this program; the weight indicator 2 collects The load weight is transmitted to the controller 3 for processing; the winch 5 includes an asynchronous AC motor 5.1, a drum shaft assembly 5.2, a closed brake system 5.4 and a motor encoder 5.5, and the frequency converter 4 is connected to the asynchronous AC motor 5.1. The asynchronous AC motor 5.1 includes 12 windings, each of which is powered by a three-phase or six-phase AC power supply that cooperates with each other. One end of each winding is connected to the same point, and the other end is connected in parallel to form six terminals of the motor, which are powered by a multi-phase AC power supply, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field. The motor pole number switching is achieved by changing the phase of the multi-phase AC power supplied to each winding.

[0018] The rated frequency of the asynchronous AC motor 5.1 is 10 Hz.

[0019] The coil ends of the 12 windings are A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1, A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2, A3-X3, B3-Y3, C3-Z3, A4-X4, B4-Y4 and C4-Z4 respectively.

[0020] The ends X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 of the coils of the windings are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase; the ends A1 and A3 of the coils of the windings are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, A2 and A4 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, B1 and B3 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, B2 and B4 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, C1 and C3 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, and C2 and C4 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase.

[0021] The controller 3 sends out control signals including e1, e2, e3, e4, e5 and e6; the current signal of the frequency converter 4 includes f1, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f6. The controller 3 stores preset related programs to control the frequency converter 4 to output currents of different phases, e1 controls f1, e2 controls f2, e3 controls f3, e4 controls f4, e5 controls f5, and e6 controls f6.

[0022] The current signal f1 of the inverter 4 is connected to the coil ends A1 and A3 of the winding, the current signal f2 of the inverter 4 is connected to the coil ends B1 and B3 of the winding, the current signal f3 of the inverter 4 is connected to the coil ends C1 and C3 of the winding, the current signal f4 of the inverter 4 is connected to the coil ends A2 and A4 of the winding, the current signal f5 of the inverter 4 is connected to the coil ends B2 and B4 of the winding, and the current signal f6 of the inverter 4 is connected to the coil ends C2 and C4 of the winding. The current signal of the inverter 4 has six variable frequency AC output terminals, and outputs six-phase AC according to the command signal of the controller 3. At the same time, through the frequency conversion processing of the power supply, AC output of different frequencies can be realized to realize the switching of motor electrodes.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the input and output lines of the eight-pole winding of the motor used in the present invention. The motor windings A1 and A3 are connected to the U-phase current, A2 and A4 are connected to the U-phase current, the motor windings B1 and B3 are connected to the V-phase current, B2 and B4 are connected to the V-phase current, the motor windings C1 and C3 are connected to the W-phase current, and C2 and C4 are connected to the W-phase current. The phase sequence of the three-phase alternating current of U, V, and W is spaced 120° in sequence. The figure shows the magnetic field state when the instantaneous current of the U-phase is the maximum peak value (at 90°). At this time, the magnetic field has four pairs of magnetic poles, that is, the motor is an eight-pole motor. When the three-phase current changes continuously with time, the synthesized magnetic field is also rotating continuously, and the direction of rotation of the magnetic field is consistent with the phase sequence of the three-phase current, both of which are clockwise. The magnetic field speed is n=120f / p, f is the frequency of the alternating current, and p is the number of magnetic poles.

[0024] Figure 3The present invention is a schematic diagram of the inlet and outlet lines of the motor four-pole winding, wherein the motor windings A1 and A3 are connected to the U phase current, A2 and A4 are connected to the -U phase current, the motor windings B1 and B3 are connected to the -W phase current, B2 and B4 are connected to the W phase current, the motor windings C1 and C3 are connected to the V phase current, C2 and C4 are connected to the -V phase current, the U, V, and W three-phase alternating current phase sequence is sequentially spaced by 120°, the U and -U, V and -V, W and -W phase sequence is sequentially spaced by 180°, that is, the -W, V, -U, W, and -V phases are 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, and 300° different from the U phase. The figure shows the magnetic field state when the instantaneous current of the U phase is the maximum peak value (at 90°). Since the current flows from A1 (A3) to X1 (X3) in the A1-X1 and A3-X3 windings, and from A2 (A4) to X2 (X4) in the A2-X2 and A4-X4 windings, the four X terminals are connected to the same point, and the current inflow and outflow are equal, so it can be equivalent to the current flowing from A1 to A2 and A3 to A4. Similarly, it can be equivalent to the current flowing from B1 to B2, B3 to B4, C1 to C2, and C3 to C4, thus generating a magnetic field with two pairs of poles, that is, the motor is a four-pole motor. According to the formula, the magnetic field speed is twice that of the eight-pole motor, so the motor can achieve pole change by providing currents of different phases, and generate two rated speeds.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system of the present invention. First, the weight meter 2 converts the collected hook load weight into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 3. The controller 3 determines through a pre-stored program that when the hook load is greater than the maximum load capacity of the II gear, the controller 3 outputs 6 control signals to make the output terminal f1 of the frequency converter 4 output U-phase AC, f2 output V-phase AC, f3 output W-phase AC, f4 output U-phase AC, f5 output V-phase AC, and f6 output W-phase AC. The phase sequence of the three-phase AC of U, V, and W is spaced 120° apart in sequence, so that the motor windings A1 and A3 are connected to the U-phase current, A2 and A4 are connected to the U-phase current, the motor windings B1 and B3 are connected to the V-phase current, B2 and B4 are connected to the V-phase current, the motor windings C1 and C3 are connected to the W-phase current, and C2 and C4 are connected to the W-phase current. Figure 3As shown, the motor is an eight-pole motor, and the motor provides low speed and high torque to adapt to the working conditions of large hook load and low hook speed. When the hook load is not greater than the maximum load capacity of gear II, the controller 3 outputs 6 control signals to make the output terminal f1 of the inverter 4 output U-phase AC, f2 output -W-phase AC, f3 output V-phase AC, f4 output -U-phase AC, f5 output -W-phase AC, and f6 output -V-phase AC. The phase sequence of U, V, and W three-phase AC is 120° apart in sequence, and the phase sequence of U and -U, V and -V, and W and -W is 180° apart in sequence. In this way, the motor windings A1 and A3 are connected to the U-phase current, A2 and A4 are connected to the -U-phase current, the motor windings B1 and B3 are connected to the -W-phase current, B2 and B4 are connected to the W-phase current, the motor windings C1 and C3 are connected to the V-phase current, and C2 and C4 are connected to the -V-phase current. Figure 2 As shown, the motor is a four-pole motor, which provides high speed and low torque to adapt to the working conditions of low hook load and high hook speed.

[0026] The encoder 5.5 feeds back the motor signal to the controller 3. The driller adjusts the speed control handle 1 of the winch 5 to make the controller 3 control the frequency converter 4 to generate different current frequencies. The speed can be adjusted without changing the motor to achieve the expected motor speed and meet more complex usage conditions.

[0027] The above-mentioned specific implementations are only specific cases of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the product form and style of the above-mentioned specific implementations. Any appropriate changes or modifications made to them by ordinary technicians in the technical field that conform to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winch, characterized in that: It includes a motor speed control handle, a weight indicator, a controller, a frequency converter, a winch and several sensors. The controller is connected to the weight indicator, the speed control handle, the frequency converter and the encoder respectively. The winch includes an asynchronous AC motor, a drum shaft assembly, a closed brake system and a motor encoder. The frequency converter is connected to the asynchronous AC motor. The asynchronous AC motor includes 12 windings, and the 12 windings are all connected to a power supply.

2. The variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rated frequency of the asynchronous AC motor is 10 Hz.

3. The pole-changing frequency-converting speed regulation system for oil drilling winch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coil ends of the 12 windings are A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1, A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2, A3-X3, B3-Y3, C3-Z3, A4-X4, B4-Y4 and C4-Z4 respectively.

4. The variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winch according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ends X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 of the coils of the windings are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase; the ends A1 and A3 of the coils of the windings are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, A2 and A4 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, B1 and B3 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, B2 and B4 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, C1 and C3 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase, and C2 and C4 are connected in parallel to the alternating current of the same phase.

5. The pole-changing frequency-converting speed regulation system for oil drilling winch according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The controller sends out control signals including e1, e2, e3, e4, e5 and e6; the current signals of the frequency converter include f1, f2, f3, f4, f5 and f6.

6. The variable-pole variable-frequency speed regulation system for oil drilling winch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current signal f1 of the inverter is connected to the coil ends A1 and A3 of the winding, the current signal f2 of the inverter is connected to the coil ends B1 and B3 of the winding, the current signal f3 of the inverter is connected to the coil ends C1 and C3 of the winding, the current signal f4 of the inverter is connected to the coil ends A2 and A4 of the winding, the current signal f5 of the inverter is connected to the coil ends B2 and B4 of the winding, and the current signal f6 of the inverter is connected to the coil ends C2 and C4 of the winding.

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