Method and system for preparing activated carbon

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing activated carbon and a system for preparing the activated carbon, and aims to solve the technical problem of improving the standardization degree of a process for preparing the activated carbon with different performance requirements. Comprising the following steps: 1) determining the category of to-be-prepared activated carbon according to target pore size distribution of the to-be-prepared activated carbon and a first list; the method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting a first list and a second list, (2) determining a carbon powder proportioning scheme in the preparation process of to-be-prepared activated carbon according to the category of the to-be-prepared activated carbon in the first list and according to the second list, (3) starting to prepare the to-be-prepared activated carbon, and (4) starting to prepare the to-be-prepared activated carbon according to the steps of carbon powder proportioning, carbon powder forming, secondary carbonization of a formed material and activation of a secondary carbonized material in sequence, and finally obtaining an activated carbon product. In the step of preparing the carbon powder, the straw carbon powder and the vinasse carbon powder which are prepared before the step of preparing the carbon powder are uniformly mixed with corresponding carbon powder to form mixed carbon powder according to the carbon powder preparing scheme determined in the step (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing activated carbon and a system for preparing activated carbon. Background Art

[0002] As an important adsorption material, activated carbon has a wide range of applications in many fields such as environmental protection, industrial production, and medical and health care. However, the current preparation process of activated carbon still faces the problem of low standardization, which brings challenges to the production and application of activated carbon. Traditional activated carbon preparation methods often rely on experience and trial and error, lacking systematicity and repeatability. Differences in raw material properties between different batches, instability of process parameters, and lack of precise formula control all lead to inconsistency in the performance of the final product. In this case, in order to meet the needs of specific applications, producers often need to carry out personalized design and formulation for each product, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to ensure the stability of product quality. In addition, due to the lack of a deeply standardized preparation process, the instability of product performance also brings uncertainty to downstream applications, affecting the expansion of activated carbon in high-precision and high-requirement application fields. Therefore, establishing a set of scientific, systematic, and repeatable standardized methods for the preparation of activated carbon can not only improve the consistency of product quality, but also significantly improve production efficiency and reduce costs. This standardized method should be able to quickly determine the raw material ratio and process parameters according to the performance requirements of the target product, realize "on-demand production", and thus meet the diverse needs of activated carbon performance in different application fields. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a method for preparing activated carbon and a system for preparing activated carbon, so as to solve the technical problem of improving the degree of process standardization for preparing activated carbon with different performance requirements.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method for preparing activated carbon is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1) According to the target pore size distribution of the activated carbon to be prepared and according to the first list, the category of the activated carbon to be prepared is determined, and the first list can be expressed as:

[0006] Number of micropores % The number of mesopores % Number of macropores % Mesoporous activated carbon ≥40 ≥30 / Mesoporous activated carbon / ≥50 / Medium and macroporous activated carbon / ≥40 ＞30

[0007] Among them, micropores refer to pores with a pore size less than 2 nanometers, mesopores refer to pores with a pore size between 2 and 50 nanometers, and macropores refer to pores with a pore size greater than 50 nanometers.

[0008] 2) According to the category of the activated carbon to be prepared in the first list and according to the second list, a carbon powder batching scheme in the preparation process of the activated carbon to be prepared is determined, and the second list can be expressed as:

[0009]

[0010] Among them, Class A charcoal powder is divided into three types: Leizhu charcoal powder, Maozhu charcoal powder and Fangzhu charcoal powder, and Class B charcoal powder is divided into two types: straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder;

[0011] 3) starting the preparation of the activated carbon to be prepared, wherein the steps of the preparation process are: carbon powder batching, carbon powder molding, secondary carbonization of the molding material, activation of the secondary carbonized material, and finally obtaining the activated carbon product;

[0012] In the charcoal powder batching step, according to the charcoal powder batching scheme determined in the above process 2), the straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder prepared before the charcoal powder batching step and the corresponding type of charcoal powder required in Class A charcoal powder are uniformly mixed together to form mixed charcoal powder.

[0013] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: each type of carbon powder in Class A carbon powder and each type of carbon powder in Class B carbon powder are prepared by the following process: the raw materials corresponding to the carbon powder are placed in a carbonization furnace for carbonization, the carbonization temperature is 550℃-650℃, the carbonization time is 2.5h-3.5h, and after the carbonization is completed, the carbonized material is finely ground into 180-200 mesh carbon powder; wherein the raw material corresponding to the leucophylla charcoal powder is leucophylla charcoal, the raw material corresponding to the moso bamboo charcoal powder is moso bamboo, and so on.

[0014] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: if the activated carbon to be prepared is mesoporous activated carbon, each carbon powder used in the preparation process of the mesoporous activated carbon is deashed after carbonization is completed.

[0015] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: the deashing treatment includes: placing the carbonized material in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution and boiling the dilute hydrochloric acid solution, taking it out and repeating the above operation multiple times, and finally washing and drying the carbonized material.

[0016] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: add tar in an amount of 35%-45% of the mass of the mixed carbon powder to the mixed carbon powder, after the tar is evenly mixed, then add water in an amount of 30%-45% of the mass of the mixed carbon powder, after the water is evenly mixed, and extrude into shape using an extruder.

[0017] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: the step of secondary carbonization of the molding material comprises: placing the molding material in a carbonization furnace for carbonization, the carbonization temperature is 550℃-650℃, the carbonization time is 2.5h-3.5h, to obtain a secondary carbonized material.

[0018] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: the step of activating the secondary carbonized material includes: placing the secondary carbonized material in an activation furnace and activating it with water vapor, the activation temperature is 850℃-950℃, the activation time is 3h-4h, and the water consumption per hour is 25%-40% of the mass of the secondary carbonized material.

[0019] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect mentioned above, further: the step of carbon powder molding adopts an extruder, the step of secondary carbonization of the molding material adopts a carbonization furnace, an automatic molding material conveying line is arranged between the extruder and the carbonization furnace, and the automatic molding material conveying line is provided with a molding material moisture evaporation and control device.

[0020] As an improvement and / or instantiation of the method for preparing activated carbon in the first aspect, further: the molding material moisture evaporation and control device can make the moisture in the molding material in the molding material automatic conveying line gradually evaporate along the conveying path of the molding material in the molding material automatic conveying line; and the molding material moisture evaporation and control device comprises: a first weighing device, arranged at the input end of the molding material automatic conveying line, for weighing the molding material entering the molding material automatic conveying line; a second weighing device, arranged at the output end of the molding material automatic conveying system, for weighing the molding material automatic conveying line; The molding material output by the conveyor line is weighed; and the water evaporation rate calculation and molding material conveying speed control device are respectively connected to the first weighing device, the second weighing device and the speed controller signal of the molding material automatic conveyor line; wherein the water evaporation rate calculation and molding material conveying speed control device can calculate the water evaporation rate of the tested molding material according to the difference between the weight of the tested molding material collected by the first weighing device and the weight of the tested molding material collected by the second weighing device and the time for the tested molding material to pass through the molding material automatic conveyor line, and adjust the conveying speed of the molding material automatic conveyor line according to the calculated water evaporation rate.

[0021] In a second aspect, a system for preparing activated carbon is provided, comprising a carbon powder batching system, wherein the carbon powder batching system comprises a plurality of carbon powder storages, wherein the plurality of carbon powder storages respectively store different types of carbon powder, and each of the plurality of carbon powder storages is connected to a batching tank via a one-to-one corresponding metering output device, and the batching tank is used to evenly mix different types of carbon powder together to form mixed carbon powder; these metering output devices are controlled by a batching controller, and the batching controller controls the metering output device of the selected carbon powder storage of the plurality of carbon powder storages to release a set amount of carbon powder to the batching tank according to a carbon powder batching scheme; the carbon powder batching scheme is determined according to the category of the activated carbon to be prepared in the first list and according to the second list;

[0022] The first list can be expressed as:

[0023] Number of micropores % The number of mesopores % Number of macropores % Mesoporous activated carbon ≥40 ≥30 / Mesoporous activated carbon / ≥50 / Medium and macroporous activated carbon / ≥40 ＞30

[0024] Among them, micropores refer to pores with a pore size less than 2 nanometers, mesopores refer to pores with a pore size between 2 and 50 nanometers, and macropores refer to pores with a pore size greater than 50 nanometers.

[0025] The second list can be expressed as:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, Class A charcoal powder is divided into three types: lei bamboo charcoal powder, moso bamboo charcoal powder and square bamboo charcoal powder; Class B charcoal powder is divided into two types: straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder.

[0028] Pore ​​size distribution is a key determinant of activated carbon performance. Activated carbons with different pore size distributions are often suitable for different application scenarios. The above-mentioned method for preparing activated carbon and system for preparing activated carbon of the present invention, by taking the target pore size of the activated carbon to be prepared as the starting point, linking the target pore size of the activated carbon to be prepared with the standardized carbon powder batching scheme, greatly improves the standardization and repeatability of preparing activated carbon with different performance requirements, while reducing dependence on personal experience, helping to achieve precise customization of product performance, meet the diverse needs of different application fields, and significantly improves the consistency between batches and the stability of product quality.

[0029] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become apparent from the following description, or be learned through practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings constituting a part of this specification are used to assist the understanding of the present invention. The contents provided in the drawings and the related descriptions in this specification can be used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing activated carbon according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The components marked in the figure are: a carbon powder batching system 1 , a carbon powder storage 11 , a batching tank 12 , an extruder 2 , a carbonization furnace 3 , an automatic conveying line for molding materials 5 , a first weighing device 51 , and a second weighing device 52 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0034] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each section, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict. In addition, where possible, these technical solutions, technical features and related combinations can be assigned specific technical themes and protected by relevant patents.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments rather than all the embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of patent protection.

[0036] Regarding the terms and units in this specification: The terms "include", "comprises", "have" and any variations thereof in this specification and the corresponding claims and related parts are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. In addition, other relevant terms and units can be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing activated carbon, which can greatly improve the process standardization of preparing activated carbon with different performance requirements. The method includes the following process:

[0038] 1) According to the target pore size distribution of the activated carbon to be prepared and according to the first list, the category of the activated carbon to be prepared is determined, and the first list can be expressed as:

[0039] Number of micropores % The number of mesopores % Number of macropores % Mesoporous activated carbon ≥40 ≥30 / Mesoporous activated carbon / ≥50 / Medium and macroporous activated carbon / ≥40 ＞30

[0040] Among them, micropores refer to pores with a pore size less than 2 nanometers, mesopores refer to pores with a pore size between 2 and 50 nanometers, and macropores refer to pores with a pore size greater than 50 nanometers.

[0041] 2) According to the category of the activated carbon to be prepared in the first list and according to the second list, a carbon powder batching scheme in the preparation process of the activated carbon to be prepared is determined, and the second list can be expressed as:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, Class A charcoal powder is divided into three types: Leizhu charcoal powder, Maozhu charcoal powder and Fangzhu charcoal powder, and Class B charcoal powder is divided into two types: straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder;

[0044] 3) starting the preparation of the activated carbon to be prepared, wherein the steps of the preparation process are: carbon powder batching, carbon powder molding, secondary carbonization of the molding material, activation of the secondary carbonized material, and finally obtaining the activated carbon product;

[0045] In the charcoal powder batching step, according to the charcoal powder batching scheme determined in the above process 2), the straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder prepared before the charcoal powder batching step and the corresponding type of charcoal powder required in Class A charcoal powder are uniformly mixed together to form mixed charcoal powder.

[0046] Phyllostachys praecox belongs to the subfamily Bambusoideae of the Poaceae family. It is mainly distributed in southern China, has a large yield and grows rapidly. The fiber structure of Phyllostachys praecox is dense, which is conducive to the formation of microporous structure and is suitable for the preparation of activated carbon with high specific surface area.

[0047] Moso bamboo, also known as Phyllostachys pubescens, is one of the most important economic bamboo species in China, with a wide distribution and large yield. The fiber structure of Moso bamboo is uniform, which is conducive to the formation of uniform mesoporous structure, and is suitable for the preparation of activated carbon with balanced adsorption performance.

[0048] Square bamboo, also known as quadrangular bamboo, is mainly distributed in southern China and Southeast Asia. The fiber structure of square bamboo is relatively loose, which is conducive to the formation of macroporous structure and is suitable for the preparation of activated carbon for macromolecular adsorption.

[0049] Straw is the stalk of harvested crops, such as rice straw and wheat straw. It is widely distributed and has a huge output. It is an important agricultural byproduct. Straw contains rich cellulose and hemicellulose, and is easy to form a porous structure, which is suitable for the preparation of low-cost and multifunctional activated carbon.

[0050] Wine lees are a byproduct of the winemaking process. They have a stable output in winemaking areas and are a recyclable industrial waste. Wine lees are rich in organic matter and, after fermentation, are conducive to the formation of a complex pore structure, making them suitable for the preparation of activated carbon for special purposes.

[0051] The charcoal powders formed from the above five raw materials are divided into Class A charcoal powder (further divided into Leizhu charcoal powder, Maozhu charcoal powder, and Fangzhu charcoal powder) and Class B charcoal powder (further divided into straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder), which has the following important significance:

[0052] First, the performance is complementary: Class A carbon powder is bamboo carbon powder, which mainly provides basic structure and main pore characteristics, while Class B carbon powder is used to adjust and optimize the pore structure. This complementarity can achieve more precise pore size distribution control.

[0053] Second, cost balance: the raw materials of Class A carbon powder are usually more expensive but have superior performance, while the raw materials of Class B carbon powder are cheaper and more widely available. By making a reasonable ratio (maximizing the proportion of Class B carbon powder), the cost can be effectively controlled while ensuring performance.

[0054] Third, sustainability: Although the raw materials of Class A carbon powder are renewable, their growth cycle is relatively long. The raw materials of Class B carbon powder are agricultural and industrial byproducts with low utilization rates. The full use of the raw materials of Class B carbon powder can improve resource utilization efficiency and promote sustainable development.

[0055] Fourth, flexible formula: By adjusting the ratio of Type A and Type B materials, the performance of activated carbon can be flexibly controlled to meet the needs of different application fields.

[0056] Fifth, the supply of raw materials is stable: Class A materials may be affected by seasons and regions, while the supply of Class B materials is relatively stable. The combination of the two types of raw materials can reduce the risks brought by fluctuations in raw material supply.

[0057] Figure 1 The structure diagram of a system for preparing activated carbon according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 It can be seen that in this embodiment, the step of carbon powder batching is specifically completed by the carbon powder batching system of the system for preparing activated carbon. The carbon powder batching system 1 includes a plurality of carbon powder storages 11, and the plurality of carbon powder storages 11 respectively store different types of carbon powder. Each of the plurality of carbon powder storages 11 is connected to a batching tank 12 (respectively located at the discharge port of the corresponding carbon powder storage 11) through a one-to-one corresponding metering output device, and the batching tank 12 is used to evenly mix different types of carbon powder together to form a mixed carbon powder. In addition, these metering output devices are controlled by a batching controller, and the batching controller controls the metering output device of the selected carbon powder storage 11 among the plurality of carbon powder storages 11 according to the carbon powder batching scheme to release a set amount of carbon powder to the batching tank 12.

[0058] The above-mentioned carbon powder batching system 1 realizes high accuracy, flexibility and automation of the carbon powder batching process through multiple carbon powder storages 11, metering output devices and batching controllers, which ensures the stability and consistency of product quality, greatly improves production efficiency, and reduces human errors and resource waste.

[0059] Among them, each type of carbon powder in Class A carbon powder and each type of carbon powder in Class B carbon powder (i.e., the carbon powder in each carbon powder storage device) are prepared by the following process: the raw materials corresponding to the carbon powder are placed in a carbonization furnace for carbonization, the carbonization temperature is 550℃-650℃, and the carbonization time is 2.5h-3.5h. After the carbonization is completed, the carbonized material is finely ground into 180-200 mesh carbon powder; among them, the raw material corresponding to the leucopsis charcoal powder is leucopsis, the raw material corresponding to the moso bamboo charcoal powder is moso bamboo, and so on.

[0060] In addition, if the activated carbon to be prepared is mesoporous activated carbon, each carbon powder used in the preparation process of the mesoporous activated carbon is deashed after carbonization. Ash is mainly composed of inorganic substances, which will not form an effective pore structure during the carbonization process, but may block or interfere with the formation of mesopores. By removing this ash, the efficiency of forming an ideal pore structure in the subsequent process can be significantly improved, thereby increasing the number and quality of mesopores.

[0061] Specifically, the deashing treatment includes: placing the carbonized material in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution and boiling the dilute hydrochloric acid solution, taking it out and repeating the above operation for multiple times, and finally washing and drying the carbonized material.

[0062] Among them, the step of carbon powder molding includes: adding tar with a mass of 35%-45% of the mixed carbon powder to the mixed carbon powder, after the tar is evenly mixed, adding water with a mass of 30%-45% of the mixed carbon powder, after the water is evenly mixed, using extruder 2 to extrude and mold.

[0063] according to Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned operations of adding 35%-45% of the mass of tar to the mixed carbon powder, adding 30%-45% of the mass of water to the mixed carbon powder, and mixing are all completed in the batching tank 12. The extruder 2 is provided at the bottom of the batching tank 12.

[0064] The step of secondary carbonization of the molding material comprises: placing the molding material in a carbonization furnace 3 for carbonization at a carbonization temperature of 550° C.-650° C. and a carbonization time of 2.5 h-3.5 h to obtain a secondary carbonized material.

[0065] The step of activating the secondary carbonized material includes placing the secondary carbonized material in an activation furnace 4 and activating it with water vapor, with an activation temperature of 850°C-950°C, an activation time of 3h-4h, and an hourly water consumption of 25%-40% of the mass of the secondary carbonized material.

[0066] Since the molding material extruded by the extruder 2 has a high water content, if the molding material is directly subjected to secondary carbonization or the molding material is rapidly dried and then subjected to secondary carbonization, the molding material will crack due to the rapid evaporation of water. Therefore, the molding material needs to be slowly dried. In order to achieve slow drying of the molding material, the molding material was previously dried naturally, but this method not only requires a special drying site, but also involves repeated handling and transfer of the molding material.

[0067] In this embodiment, an extruder 2 is used in the step of carbon powder molding, and a carbonization furnace 3 is used in the step of secondary carbonization of molding materials. Therefore, an automatic molding material conveying line 5 is set between the extruder 2 and the carbonization furnace 3, and the automatic molding material conveying line 5 is provided with a molding material moisture evaporation and control device. The automatic molding material conveying line 5 equipped with a molding material moisture evaporation and control device is set between the extruder 2 and the carbonization furnace 3. This innovative design cleverly solves multiple challenges in the molding material drying process. It not only achieves slow and uniform drying of molding materials and effectively prevents cracking problems, but also greatly improves production efficiency and saves space and human resources.

[0068] Specifically, the molding material moisture evaporation and control device can make the moisture in the molding material in the molding material automatic conveying line 5 gradually evaporate along the conveying path of the molding material in the molding material automatic conveying line 5; and the molding material moisture evaporation and control device comprises: a first weighing device 51, arranged at the input end of the molding material automatic conveying line 5, for weighing the molding material entering the molding material automatic conveying line 5; a second weighing device 52, arranged at the output end of the molding material automatic conveying system 5, for weighing the molding material output from the molding material automatic conveying line 5 ; and a device for calculating the evaporation rate of water and controlling the conveying speed of molding materials, which are respectively connected to the first weighing device 51, the second weighing device 52 and the speed controller signal of the molding material automatic conveying line 5; wherein the device for calculating the evaporation rate of water and controlling the conveying speed of molding materials can calculate the evaporation rate of water of the molding material to be measured according to the difference between the weight of the molding material to be measured collected by the first weighing device and the weight of the molding material to be measured collected by the second weighing device and the time for the molding material to be measured to pass through the molding material automatic conveying line, and adjust the conveying speed of the molding material automatic conveying line according to the calculated evaporation rate of water.

[0069] More specifically, since the length of the molding material automatic conveying line 5 is a fixed value (here set as L), the process of the molding material moving from the first weighing device 51 to the second weighing device 52 can be expressed as:

[0070] L=s(T)=Σ(i=0to T)v(i*Δt)*Δt

[0071] Wherein, s(T): the distance traveled by the molding material through the molding material automatic conveying line 5 in time T; v(i*Δt): speed function, calculating the speed value at time point iΔt; Δt: time step, indicating the time interval between each calculation. Σ(i=0to T)v(i*Δt)*Δt represents the discrete integration of the speed function v(i*Δt) over a period of time, which is used to calculate the total distance traveled by the molding material in time T.

[0072] Since the water evaporation rate calculation and molding material conveying speed control device is connected to the speed controller signal of the molding material automatic conveying line 5, the time T when the molding material moves from the first weighing device 51 to the second weighing device 52 can be calculated through the formula L=s(T)=Σ(i=0to T)v(i*Δt)*Δt.

[0073] Then, the moisture evaporation rate of the molding material = (M1-M2) / T, where M1 is the mass collected by the first weighing device 51 and M2 is the mass collected by the second weighing device 52.

[0074] The above is a description of the relevant contents of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Based on the above contents of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of patent protection.

Claims

1. A method for preparing activated carbon, characterized in that: The following processes are included: 1) According to the target pore size distribution of the activated carbon to be prepared and according to the first list, the category of the activated carbon to be prepared is determined, and the first list can be expressed as: Among them, micropores refer to pores with a pore size less than 2 nanometers, mesopores refer to pores with a pore size between 2 and 50 nanometers, and macropores refer to pores with a pore size greater than 50 nanometers. 2) According to the category of the activated carbon to be prepared in the first list and according to the second list, a carbon powder batching scheme in the preparation process of the activated carbon to be prepared is determined, and the second list can be expressed as: Among them, Class A charcoal powder is divided into three types: Leizhu charcoal powder, Maozhu charcoal powder and Fangzhu charcoal powder, and Class B charcoal powder is divided into two types: straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder; 3) starting the preparation of the activated carbon to be prepared, wherein the steps of the preparation process are: carbon powder batching, carbon powder molding, secondary carbonization of the molding material, activation of the secondary carbonized material, and finally obtaining the activated carbon product; In the charcoal powder batching step, according to the charcoal powder batching scheme determined in the above process 2), the straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder prepared before the charcoal powder batching step and the corresponding type of charcoal powder required in Class A charcoal powder are uniformly mixed together to form mixed charcoal powder.

2. A method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each type of carbon powder in Class A carbon powder and each type of carbon powder in Class B carbon powder are prepared by the following process: placing the raw materials corresponding to the carbon powder in a carbonization furnace for carbonization, the carbonization temperature is 550℃-650℃, and the carbonization time is 2.5h-3.5h. After the carbonization is completed, the carbonized material is finely ground into 180-200 mesh carbon powder; among them, the raw material corresponding to the leucophylla charcoal powder is leucophylla charcoal, the raw material corresponding to the moso bamboo charcoal powder is moso bamboo, and so on.

3. A method for preparing activated carbon as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: If the activated carbon to be prepared is mesoporous or microporous activated carbon, each carbon powder used in the preparation process of the mesoporous or microporous activated carbon is deashed after carbonization.

4. A method for preparing activated carbon as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The deashing treatment comprises: placing the carbonized material in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution and boiling the dilute hydrochloric acid solution, taking it out and repeating the above operation for several times, and finally washing and drying the carbonized material.

5. A method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of carbon powder molding comprises: adding 35%-45% of tar to the mixed carbon powder, after the tar is evenly mixed, adding 30%-45% of water to the mixed carbon powder, after the water is evenly mixed, using an extruder to extrude and mold.

6. A method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of secondary carbonization of the molding material comprises: placing the molding material in a carbonization furnace for carbonization at a carbonization temperature of 550° C.-650° C. and a carbonization time of 2.5 h-3.5 h to obtain a secondary carbonized material.

7. A method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of activating the secondary carbonized material comprises: placing the secondary carbonized material in an activation furnace and activating it with water vapor, the activation temperature is 850° C.-950° C., the activation time is 3 h-4 h, and the water consumption per hour is 25%-40% of the mass of the secondary carbonized material.

8. A method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of carbon powder molding adopts an extruder, the step of secondary carbonization of molding materials adopts a carbonization furnace, an automatic molding material conveying line is arranged between the extruder and the carbonization furnace, and the automatic molding material conveying line is provided with molding material moisture evaporation and control device.

9. A method for preparing activated carbon according to claim 8, characterized in that: The molding material moisture evaporation and control device can make the moisture in the molding material in the molding material automatic conveying line gradually evaporate along the conveying path of the molding material in the molding material automatic conveying line; and the molding material moisture evaporation and control device comprises: A first weighing device is arranged at the input end of the molding material automatic conveying line, and is used to weigh the molding material entering the molding material automatic conveying line; A second weighing device is arranged at the output end of the molding material automatic conveying system, and is used to weigh the molding material output by the molding material automatic conveying line; as well as The device for calculating the water evaporation rate and controlling the molding material conveying speed is respectively connected to the first weighing device, the second weighing device and the speed controller of the molding material automatic conveying line by signal; wherein the device for calculating the water evaporation rate and controlling the molding material conveying speed can calculate the water evaporation rate of the molding material to be measured according to the difference between the weight of the molding material to be measured collected by the first weighing device and the weight of the molding material to be measured collected by the second weighing device and the time for the molding material to be measured to pass through the molding material automatic conveying line, and regulate the conveying speed of the molding material automatic conveying line according to the calculated water evaporation rate.

10. A system for preparing activated carbon, characterized in that: A carbon powder batching system is included, wherein the carbon powder batching system includes a plurality of carbon powder storages, wherein the plurality of carbon powder storages respectively store different types of carbon powder, and each of the plurality of carbon powder storages is connected to a batching tank through a one-to-one corresponding metering output device, and the batching tank is used to uniformly mix different types of carbon powder together to form mixed carbon powder; These metering output devices are controlled by a batching controller, and the batching controller controls the metering output device of the selected carbon powder storage device among the plurality of carbon powder storage devices to release a set amount of carbon powder to the batching tank according to the carbon powder batching scheme; The carbon powder batching scheme is determined based on the category of the activated carbon to be prepared in the first list and the second list; The first list can be expressed as: Among them, micropores refer to pores with a pore size less than 2 nanometers, mesopores refer to pores with a pore size between 2 and 50 nanometers, and macropores refer to pores with a pore size greater than 50 nanometers. The second list can be expressed as: Among them, Class A charcoal powder is divided into three types: lei bamboo charcoal powder, moso bamboo charcoal powder and square bamboo charcoal powder; Class B charcoal powder is divided into two types: straw charcoal powder and distiller's grains charcoal powder.

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