Yarn-dyed fabric flooding washing method capable of reducing pollution from source

Abstract

The invention discloses a dyeing fabric flooding washing method capable of reducing pollution from the source, which comprises the following steps: introducing micro-nano bubbles in the washing process after the fabric is dyed, regulating the diameter and proportion of the micro-nano bubbles, and by virtue of the dispersing force and huge specific surface area of the micro-nano bubbles and the impact force generated when the bubbles are broken, finishing the dyeing of the fabric. The washing agent can effectively disperse and remove flooding, suspended solids, greasy dirt and a surfactant on the surface of the fabric, realizes an efficient and energy-saving washing effect under the conditions of no addition of washing assistants and normal temperature, and improves the color fastness of the fabric. The method has the advantages of mild washing conditions, environmental protection, substantial reduction of the COD value of sewage after washing, shortening of the washing time, improvement of the equipment operation efficiency, and substantial energy-saving, time-saving, economic and environmental protection benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing, and particularly relates to a method for washing floating color of colored fabrics by reducing pollution at the source. Background Art

[0002] In the textile printing and dyeing industry, washing the floating color after dyeing fabrics is an indispensable key link to ensure the quality of the final product. However, traditional washing methods often rely on a large amount of chemical additives such as soaping agents and dispersants, which not only increases production costs, but also may cause serious pollution to the environment. At the same time, these methods usually have many problems such as long washing time (usually 3-4 hours), need for heating, high energy consumption, and unstable color fastness. Therefore, it is particularly urgent and important to develop an environmentally friendly and efficient method for washing fabrics after dyeing. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for washing floating colors of dyed fabrics by reducing pollution at the source. The method is an innovative and environmentally friendly method for washing floating colors of dyed fabrics. The method utilizes the cleaning characteristics of micro-nano bubbles in different diameter ranges, and achieves a green, low-carbon, high-efficiency and energy-saving washing effect without adding any washing aids and at room temperature, and significantly improves the color fastness and overall quality of the fabric.

[0004] The method for washing floating color of colored fabric by reducing pollution at the source of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation After the fabric is dyed, the dye water in the dye vat is first drained, and then softened water is added to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled between 1:8 and 1:10 to ensure sufficient washing liquid. Next, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9 to create a suitable acid-base environment for the subsequent cleaning process.

[0005] Step 2: Initial washing stage Add micro-nano bubbles to the dyeing vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, the size of the micro-nano bubbles generated at this stage is controlled to be less than 200um in diameter, accounting for more than 40% of the total number of bubbles. The impact force generated by the rupture of these larger micro-nano bubbles is used to clean out the suspended matter and floating color attached to the surface of the fabric. The cleaning time is controlled to be 5-10 minutes, and then the cleaning liquid is discharged. If the COD removal rate of the initial wash does not reach 60%, the washing is repeated once more.

[0006] Furthermore, the air intake of the micro-nano bubble generating device is adjusted to 2-4% of the water volume and the pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa.

[0007] Preferably, in this stage, the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200 um in the water is 50%, and the cleaning time is 8 minutes.

[0008] Step 3: Deep Cleansing Phase Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled between 1:8 and 1:10. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles. The diameter of the micro-nano bubbles generated at this stage is controlled to be below 100um and account for no less than 40% of the total number of bubbles. The ultra-strong impact force generated when these smaller micro-nano bubbles burst is used to further penetrate into the fabric fibers for cleaning. The cleaning time is controlled within 10-20 minutes. If the deep washing COD removal rate does not reach 50%, repeat the washing once more.

[0009] Furthermore, the air intake of the micro-nano bubble generating device is adjusted to 5-10% of the water volume and the pressure is 0.5-1MPa.

[0010] Preferably, in this stage, the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100 um in the water is 60%, and the cleaning time is 15 minutes.

[0011] The core of this method is to utilize the unique physical properties of micro-nano bubbles, including their strong dispersing power, huge specific surface area, and the impact force generated when the bubble bursts, to effectively disperse and remove floating colors, suspended matter, oil stains and surfactants on the surface of the fabric. This method is adapted to the washing needs of different fabrics. By precisely controlling the proportion of micro-nano bubbles in a certain micro-nano bubble diameter range and utilizing the cleaning characteristics of micro-nano bubbles in different diameter ranges, it achieves an excellent washing effect without adding any washing aids and at room temperature, reducing the pollution source generated after fabric dyeing from the source, significantly reducing the COD value of the wastewater after washing (reduced by more than 80%), and facilitating the subsequent finishing and finalization process. This method not only has mild washing conditions and is environmentally friendly, but also can significantly shorten the washing time and improve the equipment operation efficiency, thereby bringing significant energy-saving, time-saving, economic and environmental benefits.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. Efficient removal of floating color: By precisely controlling the proportion of micro-nano bubbles in a certain range of micro-nano bubble diameters and utilizing the cleaning characteristics of micro-nano bubbles in different diameter ranges, the floating color on the fabric can be completely removed, significantly improving the washing effect.

[0013] 2. Environmental protection and energy saving: The present invention does not need to add any chemical additives, which reduces the pollution source caused by additives from the source. At the same time, washing at room temperature reduces energy consumption and has a significant energy-saving effect. The washing time is greatly shortened to less than half of the traditional method (saving more than 50%), further improving the energy-saving and time-saving effect.

[0014] 3. Wide applicability: This method is applicable to various fabric types such as cotton, linen, silk, wool and synthetic fibers, and has wide applicability and good versatility.

[0015] 4. Improve color fastness: By precisely controlling the cleaning process of micro-nano bubbles, the color fastness of the fabric can be effectively improved, making the fabric color brighter and more durable.

[0016] In summary, the present invention provides a method for washing floating colors of colored fabrics by reducing pollution at the source, which has significant technical advantages and economic benefits and is expected to be widely used and promoted in the textile printing and dyeing industry in the future. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Embodiment 1:

[0018] After dyeing the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove the floating color, and then the post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, first drain the dyeing water in the dyeing tank, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dyeing tank bath ratio is controlled at 1:8, the pH value of the sewage in the dyeing tank is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dyeing tank is tested.

[0019] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, the air intake is controlled to be 2% of the water body and the pressure is 0.3MPa. The proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um is controlled to exceed 40% of the total number of bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 10 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0020] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled at 1:8. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 10% of the water body, and the pressure to 0.8MPa. Control the micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to account for more than 60% of the total bubbles; after washing for 10 minutes, discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0021] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing. Embodiment 2:

[0022] After dyeing the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove the floating color, and then the post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled at 1:9, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dye vat is tested.

[0023] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, the air intake is controlled to be 4% of the water body and the pressure is 0.5MPa. The proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um is controlled to exceed 50% of the total number of bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 8 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0024] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled at 1:9. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 10% of the water body, and the pressure to 0.8MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to more than 60% of the total number of bubbles; after washing for 15 minutes, discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0025] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing. Embodiment 3:

[0026] After dyeing the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove the floating color, and then the post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled at 1:9, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dye vat is tested.

[0027] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, the air intake is controlled to be 4% of the water body and the pressure is 0.2MPa. The proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um is controlled to exceed 30% of the total number of bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 8 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0028] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled at 1:9. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 5% of the water body, and the pressure to 0.5MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to more than 30% of the total number of bubbles; after washing for 15 minutes, discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0029] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing. Embodiment 4:

[0030] After dyeing the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove the floating color, and then the post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled at 1:10, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dye vat is tested.

[0031] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, the air intake is controlled to be 2.5% of the water body and the pressure is 0.35MPa. The proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um is controlled to exceed 45% of the total number of bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 10 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0032] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled at 1:10. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 9% of the water body, and the pressure to 0.6MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to more than 50% of the total number of bubbles; after washing for 20 minutes, discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0033] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing. Embodiment 5:

[0034] After dyeing the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove the floating color, and then the post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled at 1:9, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dye vat is tested.

[0035] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, control the air intake to 4% of the water body and the pressure to 0.5MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um to more than 50% of the total bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 5 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0036] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled at 1:9. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 10% of the water body, and the pressure to 0.8MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to more than 60% of the total number of bubbles; after washing for 20 minutes, discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0037] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing. Embodiment 6:

[0038] After dyeing the cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove the floating color, and then the post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled at 1:8, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dye vat is tested.

[0039] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, control the air intake to 4% of the water body and the pressure to 0.5MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um to more than 50% of the total bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 5 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0040] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled at 1:8. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 10% of the water body, and the pressure to 1MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to more than 65% of the total number of bubbles; discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0041] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing. Embodiment 7:

[0042] After dyeing the linen fabric with reactive dyes, the cleaning process of the present invention is used to remove floating colors, and then post-finishing is performed to detect the color fixation effect. The detailed steps are as follows: 1. Preparation stage: After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric. The dye vat bath ratio is controlled at 1:8, the pH value of the water in the dye vat is adjusted to 7-9, and the COD value of the water quality in the dye vat is tested.

[0043] 2. Initial washing stage: Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat. By adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generator, the air intake is controlled to be 4% of the water body and the pressure is 0.5MPa. The proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 200um is controlled to exceed 50% of the total number of bubbles. The cleaning time is controlled within 10 minutes, the cleaning wastewater is discharged, and the COD value of the wastewater sample is tested.

[0044] 3. Deep washing stage: Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled between 1:8. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, control the air intake to 10% of the water body, and the pressure to 0.8MPa. Control the proportion of micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100um to more than 60% of the total number of bubbles; after washing for 10 minutes, discharge the washing water and test the COD value.

[0045] 4. Finishing: The washed fabric is subjected to a temperature-fixing treatment. After the treatment is completed, the fabric is taken out for testing of color fastness to soaping and color fastness to rubbing.

[0046] The COD value described in the embodiment is determined according to the HJ 828-2017 standard method, the rubbing color fastness and the color fastness to soap washing of the fabric are tested after finishing, the rubbing color fastness and the color fastness to soap washing of the fabric are tested according to GB / T 3920-2008 and GB / T 3921-2008, respectively. The average COD value of the cleaning sewage water is the COD value of the sewage after the sewage from each section after cleaning is collected, the neutralized sewage is the sewage after the pH value of the water in the dye vat in the preparation stage is adjusted to between 7 and 9, the primary washing sewage is the sewage after the primary washing section, and the deep washing sewage is the sewage after the deep washing section.

[0047] The COD removal rate is calculated as follows: Primary washing COD removal rate (%) = (neutralized wastewater COD-primary washing wastewater COD) / neutralized wastewater COD; Deep washing COD removal rate (%) = (primary washing wastewater COD - deep washing wastewater COD) / primary washing wastewater COD.

[0048] Comparison of Examples 1-7 shows that Example 2 is the optimal process condition. Comparison of Example 3 with other examples shows that when the micro-nano bubbles in the initial washing stage and the deep washing stage are less than 40%, the COD average value and COD removal rate of the sewage after washing are lower than those of other examples, and the color fastness to soaping and rubbing of the finished fabric after finishing are greatly reduced, indicating that part of the floating color has not been washed out.

[0049]

[0050] In summary, the method of the present invention does not use cleaning aids such as soap detergents and dispersants, and the washing process does not require heating. The color fastness of the fabric to soaping and the color fastness to rubbing both reach level 5, the COD value of the sewage after washing is low, the washing process is simple, and the washing time is short. The process and method of the present invention have significant environmental protection and economic benefits.

[0051] The above embodiments are only preferred solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope thereof. Any reasonable replacement or improvement made by any person familiar with the technical field based on the technical solution disclosed in the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for washing floating color of colored fabrics by reducing pollution at the source, characterized in that: During the washing process after the fabric is dyed, micro-nano bubbles are introduced to regulate the diameter and proportion of the micro-nano bubbles. With the help of the dispersion force of the micro-nano bubbles, the huge specific surface area and the impact force generated when the bubble bursts, the floating color, suspended matter, oil stains and surfactants on the surface of the fabric can be effectively dispersed and removed. Without adding detergent additives and at room temperature, an efficient and energy-saving washing effect can be achieved, and the color fastness of the fabric can be improved.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1: Preparation After the fabric is dyed, drain the dye water from the dye vat first, then add softened water to completely immerse the fabric, and then adjust the pH value of the water in the dye vat to 7-9; Step 2: Initial washing stage Add micro-nano bubbles to the dye vat, and use the impact force generated when the micro-nano bubbles burst to clean out the suspended matter and floating color attached to the surface of the fabric. The cleaning time is controlled within 5-10 minutes, and then the cleaning liquid is discharged; Step 3: Deep Cleansing Phase Add softened water rich in micro-nano bubbles into the dye vat again until the fabric is completely immersed. The bath ratio of the dye vat is still controlled between 1:8 and 1:

10. Continue to introduce micro-nano bubbles, and use the super strong impact force generated when the smaller micro-nano bubbles burst to further penetrate into the fabric fibers for cleaning. The cleaning time is controlled within 10-20 minutes.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the dye vat bath ratio is controlled between 1:8 and 1:

10.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, by adjusting the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generating device, the size of the micro-nano bubbles generated in this stage is controlled to be below 200 um in diameter and account for ≥40% of the total number of bubbles.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, the air intake of the micro-nano bubble generating device is adjusted to 2-4% of the volume of the water body and the pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, if the COD removal rate in the initial washing stage does not reach 60%, the washing is repeated once.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the gas-liquid ratio and pressure of the micro-nano bubble generating device are adjusted to control the diameter of the micro-nano bubbles generated in this stage to be below 100 um and to account for ≥40% of the total number of bubbles.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, the air intake of the micro-nano bubble generating device is adjusted to 5-10% of the water volume and the pressure is 0.5-1MPa.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, if the COD removal rate in the deep washing stage does not reach 50%, the washing is repeated once more.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fabric comprises one or more of cotton, linen, silk, wool and synthetic fibers.

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