Shallow water pneumatic dredging pump

Abstract

The invention relates to a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump which comprises at least three pump bodies, each pump body is a hollow cavity defined by a front wall, a rear wall, an upper wall, a lower wall and a side wall, a mud inlet channel is formed in the front portion of each pump body, a sealing cover plate is hinged to each mud inlet channel, and the mud inlet channels are opened or closed through rotation of the sealing cover plates. The pump is characterized in that the pump body is a flat cavity long and narrow in front and back, an air inlet channel is formed in the front portion of the upper wall, and an exhaust channel is formed in the rear portion of the upper wall and communicated with a negative pressure device; and the rear part of the pump body is also provided with a sludge discharge channel. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and suitable for environment-friendly dredging under the shallow water working condition with the water depth smaller than one meter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an underwater dredging pump, in particular to a pneumatic dredging pump suitable for shallow water dredging operations. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, pneumatic dredging pumps are dredging equipment widely used in underwater environmental dredging projects. They are dredging equipment that uses compressed air as a power to press out the mud that enters the pump body under the action of water level pressure difference. It has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, no disturbance of the clay layer to cause secondary water pollution during the dredging process, and high sludge concentration. It is particularly suitable for environmental dredging of rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other water bodies that cannot damage the water quality. Since the pneumatic dredging pump uses the water pressure to press the bottom sludge into the dredging pump, and then discharges the sludge that enters the dredging pump through the squeezing effect of compressed air, when the water level of the water body to be dredged is shallow, due to the low water pressure, the speed at which the bottom sludge is pressed into the dredging pump will be very slow, and even there will be a situation where almost all the water entering the pump body is water and there is less sludge, and the dredging efficiency is low. For this reason, it is necessary to propose a new type of pneumatic dredging pump that can be applied to environmental dredging conditions in shallow waters. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump to solve the above problems. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and can be used for environmentally friendly dredging in shallow water conditions with a water depth of less than 1 meter.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A shallow water pneumatic dredging pump comprises at least three pump bodies, the pump body is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall, a rear wall, an upper wall, a lower wall and side walls, a mud inlet channel is provided at the front of the pump body, a sealing cover plate is hinged on the mud inlet channel, and the mud inlet channel is opened or closed by rotating the sealing cover plate. The characteristic is that: the pump body is a flat cavity that is long and narrow front and back, an air inlet channel is provided at the front of the upper wall, an exhaust channel is provided at the rear of the upper wall, and the exhaust channel is connected to the negative pressure device; a mud discharge channel is also provided at the rear of the pump body.

[0005] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that each pump body is 20-60 cm high, 1-3 times wide and 2-20 times long. When dredging is performed, the entire pump body is submerged below the mud-water interface.

[0006] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the flow rate of the air sucked by the negative pressure device in the pump body is not lower than the critical flow rate Vc of the mud in the pump body, and the critical flow rate Vc is calculated using the following formula 1: Vc=ad s 0.056 C 0.105 A 0.25 g0.5 (γ s -1) 0.5 ————————Formula 1 Where: a represents the coefficient related to the cross-sectional shape of the pump body; d s represents the average particle size of clay particles (mm); C represents the mud volume concentration (%); A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pump body (m 2 ); g represents the acceleration due to gravity (m / s 2 ); γ s Indicates the density of sand particles (t / m 3 ).

[0007] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that a downwardly extending protrusion is provided on the lower wall to reduce the contact area between the pump body and the mud surface, increase the pressure of the pump body on the mud surface, and increase the depth of the pump body's penetration into the bottom mud, which helps to remove harder silt and expand the adaptability of the pneumatic pump to dredging conditions.

[0008] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that a mud discharge channel is opened at the lower part of the rear wall and turns outside the pump body to extend upward.

[0009] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the mud inlet channel is arranged on the front wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the mud inlet channel is arranged at the front part of the lower wall.

[0011] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that an air intake valve, an exhaust valve and a mud discharge valve are respectively provided on the air intake channel, the exhaust channel and the mud discharge channel; when the air intake valve is opened, the exhaust valve is closed and the mud discharge valve is opened; when the air intake valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened and the mud discharge valve is closed.

[0012] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic silt removal pump is characterized in that: an exhaust channel is also provided on the exhaust valve, and the high-pressure air in the pump body is first discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust channel, the exhaust valve, and the exhaust channel; when the air pressure value in the pump body is close to the atmospheric pressure, the negative pressure device is connected to suck the residual gas in the pump body. The high-pressure air is first discharged into the atmosphere and then vacuum is sucked through the negative pressure device, which reduces the workload of the negative pressure device and reduces energy consumption.

[0013] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that the air inlet channel is connected to the air compressor, and the air compressor injects high-pressure air into the pump body through the air inlet channel. The high-pressure air pushes the mud in the pump body from the front of the pump body to the rear of the pump body, enters the mud discharge port in sequence, and is then discharged from the mud discharge channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is characterized in that: an actuator is coupled to the sealing cover plate, and the sealing cover plate is opened or closed under the action of the actuator; the sealing cover plate is no longer opened by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body, which further reduces the resistance of silt entering the pump body, shortens the time required for silt to fill the pump body, and improves the dredging efficiency of the pneumatic dredging pump.

[0015] The operation process of the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention is as follows: the negative pressure device sucks the pump body into negative pressure through the exhaust channel, the sealing cover plate opens under the action of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body, and the bottom sludge enters the pump body through the mud inlet channel under the combined action of the atmospheric pressure and water pressure outside the pump body, and the mud fills the pump body from front to back under the suction action of the negative pressure device; the air compressor injects high-pressure air into the pump body through the air inlet channel, and the high-pressure air pushes the mud in the pump body from the front of the pump body to move to the rear of the pump body, enters the mud discharge port in sequence, and is then discharged from the mud discharge channel.

[0016] The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention has a flat structure. When performing dredging operations, the pump body is completely immersed in the bottom mud. The mud only needs to overcome the movement resistance and move horizontally to fill the pump body. It does not need to overcome the gravitational potential energy to move upward. The external force required for the mud to completely fill the pump body is greatly reduced. The energy E of the top mud after the mud completely fills the pump body is: E=mgh+0.5mv 2 ————Formula 2 Where m represents the mass of sludge (Kg); g represents the acceleration due to gravity (m / s 2 ); h represents the sludge height in the pump body (m); v represents the sludge movement velocity (m / s).

[0017] In order to ensure that the sludge does not settle and clog during its flow in the pump body, the sludge movement speed v must not be lower than the critical sludge speed Vc, which is calculated by formula 1 and is usually not greater than 3.5m / s. From formula 2, it can be seen that when the height of the pump body exceeds the mud surface by 63cm, the gravitational potential energy of the top layer of sludge in the pump body exceeds its kinetic energy, and the height of the conventional pneumatic dredging pump is usually not less than 150cm; therefore, for conventional pneumatic pumps, the gravitational potential energy that needs to be overcome for the sludge to completely fill the pump body is usually greater than the kinetic energy it has after overcoming the movement resistance, and the energy consumption required for the mud feeding process is relatively large.

[0018] The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention adopts a flat structure design. According to the actual dredging depth, a pneumatic dredging pump with a matching pump body height not greater than the actual dredging depth is selected. During the dredging process, the entire pump body is immersed in the silt. When the silt fills the pump body, it is no longer necessary to overcome the gravitational potential energy to do work, and the required energy consumption is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for dredging occasions where the water body is less than 1 meter, the water pressure is relatively low, and the external potential energy is relatively low, making it difficult to provide sufficient potential energy.

[0019] The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump of the present invention has a flat and narrow structure, and the mud inlet channel and the mud discharge channel, the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the pump body. The mud can quickly fill the entire pump body under the suction action of the exhaust channel at the rear end of the pump body, and then be quickly discharged from the mud discharge channel at the rear end of the pump body under the push of the high-pressure gas in the air inlet channel at the front end of the pump body. The movement direction is single and the flow trajectory is smooth, which further reduces the energy loss in the dredging process and reduces the pressure potential energy demand of the external water body when the pneumatic dredging pump works normally, so that the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump can achieve good dredging effect even when operating in a relatively shallow water environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural stereogram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a right view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 A partial view of.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural stereogram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a right view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 8 Partial view of B.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a structural stereogram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a right view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.12 The present invention Fig.11 Partial view of C.

[0032] Fig.13 The present invention Fig.11 DD section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1, see attached Figure 1-5 The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is composed of three parallel connected pump bodies 1, each of which is 60 cm high, 60 cm wide and 180 cm long; the pump body 1 is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall 1.1, a rear wall 1.2, an upper wall 1.3, a lower wall 1.4 and a side wall 1.5. A mud inlet channel 2 and a pin shaft seat 11 are provided on the front wall 1.1 of the pump body, and a sealing cover plate 3 is connected to the pin shaft seat 11 through a pin shaft 12. The mud inlet channel 2 can be opened or closed by rotating the sealing cover plate 3; an air inlet channel 4 is provided at the front position of the upper wall 1.3, and the air inlet channel 4 is connected to the air compressor 7 after passing through the air inlet valve 4.1; an exhaust channel 5 is provided at the rear position of the upper wall 1.3, and the exhaust channel 5 is connected to the negative pressure device 8 after passing through the exhaust valve 5.1; a mud discharge channel 6 is provided on the rear wall 1.2 of the pump body 1.

[0035] When performing dredging operations, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is lowered into the underwater silt, the air inlet valve 4.1 and the mud discharge valve 6.1 are closed, the exhaust valve 5.1 is opened, and the negative pressure device 8 sucks the air in the pump body 1 to negative pressure through the exhaust channel 5 at the rear end of the pump body 1. The sealing cover plate 3 at the front end of the pump body 1 opens under the action of the internal and external pressure difference, and the underwater silt fills the entire pump body 1 from front to back in sequence under the suction action of the negative pressure device 8; the exhaust valve 5.1 is closed, the air inlet valve 4.1 and the mud discharge valve 6.1 are opened, and the air compressor 7 injects high-pressure air into the pump body 1 through the air inlet channel 4 at the front end of the pump body 1. The high-pressure air pushes the silt in the pump body 1 from front to back and sequentially enters the mud discharge channel 6 at the rear end of the pump body 1 and is discharged out of the pump body. When one of the pump bodies 1 is inflated to discharge mud, the other pump bodies 1 are in a state of exhausting air and entering mud; several pump bodies discharge mud alternately to achieve continuous operation of the mud discharge process.

[0036] Example 2, see attached Figure 6-9The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is composed of four parallel connected pump bodies 1, each of which is 20 cm high, 60 cm wide and 400 cm long; the pump body 1 is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall 1.1, a rear wall 1.2, an upper wall 1.3, a lower wall 1.4 and a side wall 1.5; the front and rear ends of the lower wall 1.4 of the pump body 1 are also provided with a downwardly extending protrusion 10, the height of the protrusion 10 is 10 cm, and a first accommodating cavity 10.1 and a second accommodating cavity 10.2 are formed between the protrusion 10 and the lower wall 1.4 of the pump body; the first accommodating cavity 10.1 is at the bottom of the pump body A first opening 10.3 is provided on the wall 1.4, and the first accommodating cavity 10.1 and the first opening 10.3 form a mud inlet channel 2, and a sealing cover plate 3 is hinged on the mud inlet channel 2; a second accommodating cavity 10.2 is provided with a second opening 10.4 on the lower wall 1.4 of the pump body, and the second opening 10.4 connects the pump body 1 with the mud discharge channel 6; an exhaust channel 5 is provided at the rear position of the upper wall 1.3 of the pump body 1, and the exhaust channel 5 is connected to the negative pressure device 8 after passing through the exhaust valve 5.1, and an emptying channel 5.1.1 is also provided on the exhaust valve 5.1. The other structures of the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump are the same as those in Example 1.

[0037] When performing dredging operations, the shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is lowered into the underwater mud, the air inlet valve 4.1 and the mud discharge valve 6.1 are closed, and the exhaust valve 5.1 first disconnects the exhaust channel 5 from the negative pressure device 8, connects the exhaust channel 5 with the emptying channel 5.1.1, and the high-pressure air in the pump body 1 is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust channel 5, the exhaust valve 5.1 and the emptying channel 5.1.1; when the air pressure value in the pump body 1 is close to the atmospheric pressure, the exhaust valve 5.1 disconnects the exhaust channel 5 from the emptying channel 5.1.1, and connects the exhaust channel 5 with the negative pressure device 8, and the negative pressure device 8 sucks the air in the pump body 1 to negative pressure through the exhaust channel 5. The high-pressure air is first discharged to the atmosphere and then sucked into vacuum through the negative pressure device 8, which reduces the workload of the negative pressure device 8 and reduces energy consumption. For the rest of the dredging process, see Example 1.

[0038] Example 3, see attached Figure 10-13 The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump is composed of three parallel connected pump bodies 1, each of which is 40 cm high, 80 cm wide and 300 cm long; the pump body 1 is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall 1.1, a rear wall 1.2, an upper wall 1.3, a lower wall 1.4 and a side wall 1.5. A cylinder 9 is provided on the upper wall 1.3 of the pump body 1, and a piston rod 9.1 is also provided on the cylinder 9. The piston rod 9.1 is connected to the sealing cover plate 3 by a hinge 13; a mud discharge channel 6 is provided at the rear of the upper wall 1.3 of the pump body 1. The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0039] During the desilting operation, the piston rod 9.1 is extended and retracted to drive the sealing cover plate 3 to rotate, thereby opening or closing the mud inlet channel 2. The sealing cover plate 3 is no longer opened by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pump body 1, which further reduces the resistance of the mud entering the pump body 1, shortens the time required for the mud to fill the pump body 1, and improves the desilting efficiency of the pneumatic desilting pump. For the rest of the desilting process, see Example 1.

[0040] Embodiment 4, a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump, is composed of five pump bodies 1 connected in parallel, each pump body is 50 cm in height, 50 cm in width and 100 cm in length; the rest of the structure and dredging working process refer to embodiment 1.

[0041] Example 5, a shallow water pneumatic dredging pump, is composed of six pump bodies 1 connected in parallel, each pump body is 30 cm high, 40 cm wide and 450 cm long; the rest of the structure and dredging process refer to Example 1.

[0042] Although the present invention has been described in detail using specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shallow water pneumatic dredging pump, comprising at least three pump bodies (1), wherein the pump body (1) is a hollow cavity surrounded by a front wall (1.1), a rear wall (1.2), an upper wall (1.3), a lower wall (1.4) and a side wall (1.5), wherein a mud inlet channel (2) is provided at the front of the pump body (1), and a sealing cover plate (3) is hingedly connected to the mud inlet channel (2), and the mud inlet channel (2) is opened or closed by rotating the sealing cover plate (3), characterized in that: The pump body (1) is a flat cavity that is long and narrow in front and back. An air inlet passage (4) is provided at the front of the upper wall (1.3), and an exhaust passage (5) is provided at the rear of the upper wall (1.3). The exhaust passage (5) is connected to the negative pressure device (8). A mud discharge passage (6) is also provided at the rear of the pump body (1).

2. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each pump body (1) has a height of 20-60 cm, a width of 1-3 times the height, and a length of 2-20 times the height; when performing dredging operations, the entire pump body is submerged below the mud-water interface.

3. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flow rate of air sucked by the negative pressure device (8) in the pump body (1) is not lower than the critical flow rate Vc of the slurry in the pump body (1). The critical flow rate Vc is calculated using the following formula: Vc=ad s 0.056 W 0.105 THE 0.25 g 0.5 (γ s -1) 0.5 Where: a represents the coefficient related to the cross-sectional shape of the pump body (1); d s represents the average particle size of clay particles (mm); C represents the mud volume concentration (%); A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the pump body (1) (m 2 ); g represents the acceleration due to gravity (m / s 2 ); γ s Indicates the density of sand particles (t / m 3 ).

4. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower wall (1.4) is also provided with a protruding portion (10) extending downwards, which is used to reduce the contact area between the pump body (1) and the mud surface and increase the pressure exerted by the pump body (1) on the mud surface.

5. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mud discharge channel (6) is opened at the lower part of the rear wall (1.2) and turns outside the pump body (1) to extend upward.

6. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud inlet channel (2) is arranged on the front wall (1.1).

7. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud inlet channel (2) is arranged at the front part of the lower wall (1.4).

8. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake valve (4.1), an exhaust valve (5.1) and a mud discharge valve (6.1) are respectively provided on the air intake passage (4), the exhaust passage (5) and the mud discharge passage (6); when the air intake valve (4.1) is opened, the exhaust valve (5.1) is closed and the mud discharge valve (6.1) is opened; when the air intake valve (4.1) is closed, the exhaust valve (5.1) is opened and the mud discharge valve (6.1) is closed.

9. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: The exhaust valve (5.1) is also provided with an exhaust passage (5.1.1), and the high-pressure air in the pump body (1) is first discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust passage (5), the exhaust valve (5.1), and the exhaust passage (5.1.1); when the air pressure in the pump body (1) approaches the atmospheric pressure, the negative pressure device (8) is connected to suck out the residual gas in the pump body (1).

10. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet passage (4) is connected to the air compressor (7), and the air compressor (7) injects high-pressure air into the pump body (1) through the air inlet passage (4). The high-pressure air pushes the mud in the pump body (1) from the front of the pump body (1) to the rear of the pump body (1), and then enters the mud discharge passage (6) in sequence and is discharged.

11. The shallow water pneumatic dredging pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: An actuator (9) is coupled to the sealing cover plate (3), and the sealing cover plate (3) is opened or closed under the action of the actuator (9).

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